Cu 21(Chuyn Bn Tre).

Hn hp X gm Al, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CuO trong oxi chim 25,39% khi lng
hn hp. Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng vi 8,96 lt CO(iu kin tiu chun) sau 1 thi gian thu c cht
rn Y v hn hp kh Z c t khi so vi hiro l 19. Cho cht rn Y tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d
thu c dung dch T v 7,168 lt NO(iu kin tiu chun, sn phm kh duy nht). C cn dung dch T thu
c 3,456m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 41,13
B. 35,19
C. 38,43
D. 40,03
-X gm 0,2539m ca O v 0,7461m ca cc kim loi
-dng ng cho v bo ton C=0,4 => trong Z c CO=0,15 v CO2=0,25
=> Y cn 0,7461m Kim loi v O=0,2539m/160,25 (mol)
- Y cn lng HNO3= 4NO + 2O =0,324+2(0,2539m/160,25)
=> dung dch T c NO3- = HNO3 - NO=0,323+2(0,2539m/160,25)
Vy T gm 0,7461m ca Kim Loi v 62*NO3- ca NO3=> 3,456m=0,7461m+62(0,323+2(0,2539m/160,25))
Dng my tnh => C

C2:

Cu 22(Chuyn Bn Tre).Hn hp X gm 1 mol amin no mch h A v 2 mol aminoaxit no mch h B tc

dng va vi 4 mol HCl hay 4 mol NaOH. t a gam hn hp X cn 46,368 lt O2(ktc) thu c 8,064
lt kh N2 (ktc). Nu cho a gam hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c bao nhiu gam mui?
A. 75,52
B. 84,96
C. 89,68
D. 80,24
T cu ny: Hn hp X gm 1 mol amin no mch h A v 2 mol aminoaxit no mch h B tc dng va
vi 4 mol HCl hay 4 mol NaOH.
=> A c dng CaH2a+4N2 v B c dng CbH2b-1O4N
y mnh xin gii theo kiu CT tng qut nh sau:
X s c dng CnH2n+2+t-zOzNt
Do A:B=1:2 nn dng ng cho th c z=8/3 v t=4/3 => X= CnH2n+2/3O8/3N4/3
Dng cng thc ny cn bng phn ng t chy, ta c
..... + 0,5(3n-7/3)O2 -------------> 2/3 N2 +........
...............2,07 --------------> 0,36
=> 0,360,5(3n7/3)=2,072/3 => n=10/3
=> X= 0,363/2=0,54 mol v phn t khi X l

1410/3+2/3+168/3+144/3=326/3
=> a=0,54326/3=58,68
=> mui= 58,68+36,50,54t=58,68+36,50,544/3 => B
Cu 23(Chuyn Bn Tre).Hn hp X gm Fe2O3 v Cu. Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch HCl
va thu c dung dch cha 122,76 gam cht tan.Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4
long va thu c dung dch Y cha 3 cht tan vi t l s mol 1:2:3. Dung dch Y lm mt mu ti a
bao nhiu gam KMnO4 trong mi trng axit sunfuric?
A. 6,004
B. 5,846
C. 5,688
D. 6,162
u tin i xc nh t l Fe2O3: Cu trong X
Gi s X c Fe2O3=1 mol th Cu= a mol
X tan vo H2SO4 thu c Y c CuSO4=a, Fe2(SO4)3=1a v FeSO4=2a
D thy phi c a<1a v a<2a => a:(1a)=1:2 hoc a:(1a)=1:3 <=> a=1/3 hoc

a=0,25
Th li ch thy a=0,25 tha mn => Fe2O3: Cu=4:1
Khi m gam X s c Fe2O3=4Cu=4x mol
Ha tan X vo HCl th HCl= 3*2*Fe2O3=24x mol
=> 122,76=5624x+64x+35,524x => x=0,09
Vy Y c FeSO4= 0,092=0,18 => 5*KMnO4= FeSO4 <=> KMnO4=0,036 mol
=> C

C2
Gi a, b l s mol Fe2O3 v Cu, HCl ch phn ng vi a mol Fe2O3 ==> mol Cl- = 6a
Sau , Cu tc dng ht vi mui Fe3+
khi lng cht tan = 56*2a + 64*b + 35,5*6a = 122,76 ===> 325a + 64b = 122,76 (1)
Tng t, khi tc dng vi H2SO4 long, thu c 3 mui :
Fe2O3 ---> Fe2(SO4)3
a---------------------------a
Cu + Fe2(SO4)3 ---> 2 FeSO4 + CuSO4
b--------b-------------------2b---------b
CuSO4 b mol, FeSO4 2b mol v Fe2(SO4)3 (a-b) mol ==> a > b
==> t l mol: CuSO4 : FeSO4 : Fe2(SO4)3 = b : 2b : (a-b) = 1 : 2 : 3 ==> a = 4b ==> (1) ==> b = 0,09
==> mol FeSO4 = 2b = 0,18 mol
10 FeSO4 + 2 KMnO4 --> 5 Fe2(SO4)3 + --0,18 ------------0,036
Khi lng KMnO4 cn dng = 158&0,036 = 5,688 ==> cu C
Trch thi th L1-Trn Ph-Thanh Ha)
Cu 12. un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH, 1 mol CH3COOH v 2 mol C2H5OH c
H2SO4 c xc tc toC (trong bnh kn dung tch khng i) n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,6
mol HCOOC2H5 v 0,4 mol CH3COOC2H5 .Nu un nng hn hp gm 0,8 mol HCOOH, 2
mol CH3COOH v a mol C2H5OH iu kin nh trn n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,3 mol
HCOOC2H5. S mol este CH3COOC2H5 thu c l
A. 1,92.
B. 1,29.
C. 8/19.
D. 997/1000.
em ph bi ny !
K1=HCOOC2H5.H2OHCOOH.C2H5OH v K2=CH3COOC2H5.H2OCH3COOH.C2H5OH
Ban u: HCOOC2H5=0,6 v CH3COOC2H5= 0,4 => HCOOH(d)=0,4; CH3COOH(d)=0,6
H2O=0,6+0,4=1; C2H5OH(d)=1
=>K1= 0,60,4 v K2=0,40,6
Sau : HCOOC2H5=0,3 v CH3COOC2H5=b => HCOOH(d)=0,5; CH3COOH(d)=2b;
H2O=0,3+b; C2H5OH(d)=a0,3b
=>K1=0,3(0,3+b)0,5(a0,3b) v K2=b(0,3+b)(2b)(a0,3b)
=> K1K2 =0,3(2b)0,5b = 0,60,40,60,4
=> b=819
=>C
Cu 1: Cho m g tinh th hn hp gm NaBr,NaI tc dng va vi H2SO4 iu kin thch hp, thu
c hn hp kh X( K thng). iu kin thng hn hp X tc dng va vi nhau to thnh 9,6g
cht rn mu vng v mt cht lng khng lm i mu qu tm. Gi tr m l?
A 260,6
B 240
C 404,8
D 50,6

2NaBr+2H2SO4Na2SO4+Br2+SO2+2H2O.8NaI+5H2SO44Na2SO4+4I2+
H2S+4H2O.

2H2S+SO23S+2H2O .
nS=9,632=0,3nH2S=0,2;nSO2=0,1 .
nNaBr=2.nSO2=0,2;nNaI=8.nH2S=1,6m=0,2.103+1,6.150=260,6(gam) .
Cu 2: Hn hp X gm M2CO3,MHCO3, v MCl( M l kim loi kim). Cho 32,65 g X tc dng va
vi dung dch HCl thu c dung dch Y v c 17,6g CO2 thot ra. Dung dch Y tc dng vi dung dch
AgNO3 d thu c 100,45g kt ta. Tnh phn trm khi lng MHCO3 trong X l?
A 45,33%

B 13,02%

C 34,53%

D 41,65%

M2CO3:x(mol);MHCO3:y(mol);MCl:z(mol)
nCO2=0,4;nAgCl=0,7 .
x+y=0,42x+y+z=0,7M(2x+y+z)+60(x+y)+y+35,5z=32,65 .
x=0,4y;z=y0,1 .
12,20,7M=36,5yy>0M<17,4M=7(Li) .
Vy: y=0,2;x=0,2;z=0,1 .
% khi lng LiHCO3 =68.0,232,65.100=41,65
p n D
Ha tan hon ton 3,79 gam hn hp X gm Al v Zn (c t l s mol tng ng l 2:5 ) vo dung dch
cha 0,394 mol HNO3 thu c dung dch Y v V ml (ktc) kh N2 duy nht. phn ng ht vi cc
cht trong Y thu c dung dch trong sut cn 3,88 lt dung dch NaOH 0,125M . Gi tr ca V l
A. 352,8.
B. 268,8.
C. 112.
D. 358,4.

C2
nAl = 0.02; nZn = 0.05
Gi x, y = mol N2; NH4NO3
bton e --> 10x + 8y = 3*0.02 + 2*0.05 (1)
bton N --> nHNO3 d = 0.394 - 3*0.02 - 2*0.05 - 2x - 2y
--> nNaOH = nHNO3 d + 4*0.02 + 4*0.05 + y --> 2x + y = 0.029 (2)
(1) (2) --> x = 0.012 --> V = 268.8ml
Cu 4: in phn vi in cc tr dd cha 0,2 mol AgNO3 vi cng dng in 2,68 A, trong thi
gian t gi thu c dd X (Hiu sut qu trnh in phn l 100% ) Cho 16,8 g bt Fe vo X thy thot ra kh
NO (spk duy nht) v sau cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 22,7g cht rn . Gi tr ca t l
A.0,25
B.2
C.1
D.0,5

Cho 33,5 gam hn hp A gm Fe3O4;Fe(NO3)3,Cu tan hon ton trong dung dch cha 0,414
mol H2SO4 (long) th thu c kh NO sn phm kh duy nht v dung dch B ch cha 2 mui. Cho bt
Cu vo dung dch B thy phn ng khng xy ra. C cn B thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 65,976.
B. 64,400
C. 61,520
D. 75,922
Gi x, y , z l s mol Fe3O4, Fe(NO3)3 v Cu ==> 232x + 242y + 64z = 33,5 (1)
dd B khng phn ng vi Cu ==> dd B c CuSO4 z mol v FeSO4 (3x+y) mol
Gii
Bo ton mol S : 3x + y + z = 0,414 (2)
Cu - 2e --> Cu2+
z----2z
Fe3O4 + 2e ---> 3 Fe2+
x----------2x--------3x
Fe3+ + e --> Fe2+
y-------y--------y
N5+ + 3e --> NO
3y-----9y
Bo ton mol e : 2z = 2x + 10y ==> z = x + 5y (3)
(1), (2), (3) ==> x = 0,069 mol, y = 0,023 v z = 0,184
khi lng mui = 160*0,184 + 152*0,23 = 64,4 ==> cu B
Hp th ht 3,584 lt CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch cha x mol KOH v y mol K2CO3 thu c 200 ml
dung dch X . Ly100 mlX cho t t vo 300 ml dung dch HCl0,5M thu c 2,688 lt kh
(ktc). Mt khc,100 mlX tc dng vi dung dchCa(OH)2d thu c16gam kt ta. T l x:yl
A. 3 : 1
B. 3 : 1
C. 2 : 3
D. 1 : 2
Gii
bi ta c 200ml X tc dng 0.3 mol HCl thu c 0.24 mol CO2 v 200ml X qua Ca(OH)2 d thu c
0.32 mol CaCO3 kt ta
u tin t 32 g kt ta v 3,584 lit CO2 => y=0.32-0.16=0.16 mol
X phi gm CO32- v HCO3- v nu
+ ch c HCO3- =CaCO3=0.32 mol tc dng vs HCl phi to ra 0.3 mol CO2
+ ch c CO32- =CaCO3 =0.32 mol tc dng vs HCl phi to ra 0.15 mol CO2
Phn tch y l bt cho ngc X gm CO32- v HCO3- vo HCl th lng tc dng tc dng ca chng vs HCl
theo ng t l mol mi cht trong X
t lng phn ng CO32- =a v HCO3- =b , lp pt ta c a+b =0.24 v 2a+b =0.24
=> a:b = 1:3
=> trong X c CO32- : HCO3- =1:3 m CO32-+ HCO3- =0.32
=> CO32- =0.08 , HCO3- =0.24
Bo ton in tch x+ 2*0.16=0.08*2+0.24 => x=0.08
=> x:y = 0.08: 0.16=1:2
Cu 7:Chia dung dch Ca(OH)2 aM thnh ba phn bng nhau:
Phn I: Hp th V lt CO2 vo th thu c m1 gam kt ta.

Phn II: Hp th (V+2,688) lt CO2 vo th thu c m2 gam kt ta.

Phn III: Hp th(V+V1) lt CO2 vo th thu c lng kt ta cc i.
Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, cc th tch kh o ktc. Bit m1:m2=4:1 v m1 bng 8/13 khi
lng kt ta cc i. Gi tr ca V1 l:
A. 0,672
B. 0,840
C. 2,184
D. 1,344

Cu 8: (Thi Th L.1 Chuyn L Qu n)

Ha tan hon ton m gam hh gm FevMgCO3 bng dd HCl d thu c hh kh A gm H2 v
CO2 .Nu cng ha tan m gam hn hp trn trong dd H2SO4 c nng th thu c hn hp gm SO2
v CO2 . d(A/B)=3,6875. Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca MgCO3 l :
A.53%
B.47%
C.38%
D.63%
Cu 9: t chy hon ton 3,42 g hh gm axit acrylic, vinyl axetat , metyl acrylat v axit oleic, ri hp th
ton b sn phm chy vo dd Ca(OH)2 d , sau phn ng thu c 18 gam kt ta v dd X. Khi lng
X so vi khi lng Ca(OH)2 ban u thay i nh th no?
A.Tng 7,92 g
B. Gim 7,38g
C. Gim 7,74 g
D.Tng 2,70g
Cu 10: Ha tan ht 10,24 gam Cu bng 200 ml dd HNO3 3M thu c dd A. Thm 400 ml dd NaOH vo
dd A .Lc kt ta , c cn dd ri nung cht rn n khi lng khng i thu c 26,44 gam cht rn.S
mol HNO3 phn ng vi Cu l:
A. 0,568 mol
B.0,48 mol
C.0,4 mol
D.0,56 mol
Cu 9: t chy hon ton 3,42 g hh gm axit acrylic, vinyl axetat , metyl acrylat v axit oleic, ri hp th
ton b sn phm chy vo dd Ca(OH)2 d , sau phn ng thu c 18 gam kt ta v dd X. Khi lng
X so vi khi lng Ca(OH)2 ban u thay i nh th no?
A.Tng 7,92 g
B. Gim 7,38g
C. Gim 7,74 g
D.Tng 2,70g
Gii
Cng thc hh CnH2n-2O2 a mol
s mol CO2 = mol kt ta = na = 0,18 mol
khi lng hh = a*(14n + 30)*a = 3,42 ==> a = 0,03
s mol H2O = a(n-1) = 0,15
khi lng CO2 + khi lng H2O = 44*0,18 + 18*0,15 = 10,62 < 18
khi lng dd gim = 18 - 10,62 = 7,38 ==> cu B
Cu 10: Ha tan ht 10,24 gam Cu bng 200 ml dd HNO3 3M thu c dd A. Thm 400 ml dd NaOH 1M
vo dd A .Lc kt ta , c cn dd ri nung cht rn n khi lng khng i thu c 26,44 gam cht
rn.S mol HNO3 phn ng vi Cu l:
A. 0,568 mol
B.0,48 mol
C.0,4 mol
D.0,56 mol
s mol Cu = 0,16 v mol HNO3 dng = 0,6 ==> Dd A c: mol Cu(NO3)2 0,16 mol v HNO3 d x mol (nu
c)
TH 1 : nu khng c HNO3 d :
Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NaOH --> Cu(OH)2 + 2 NaNO3 nung ----> NaNO2
0,16------------0,32------------------------0,32--------------------0,32
rn thu c sau khi c cn v nung l 0,32 mol NaNO2 v 0,08 mol NaOH d
==> khi lng rn = 69*0,32 + 40*0,08 = 25,28 ==> loi

TH 2 : nu c HNO3 d :
HNO3 + NaOH ----> H2O + NaNO3 ---> NaNO2
x------------x-----------------------x-------------x
Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NaOH --> Cu(OH)2 + 2 NaNO3 nung ----> NaNO2
0,16------------0,32------------------------0,32--------------------0,32
rn thu c sau khi c cn v nung l 0,32+x mol NaNO2 v (0,08 - x ) mol NaOH d
==> khi lng rn = 69*(0,32+x) + 40*(0,08-x) = 26,44 ==> x = 0,04
==> mol HNO3 phn ng = 0,6 - 0,04 = 0,56 ==> cu D
Cu 11.Ha tan ht 2,72g hh X gm FeS2, FeS, Fe, CuS, Cu trong 500ml dd HNO3 1M, sau

phn ng thu c dd Y v 0,07 mol 1 kh thot ra. Cho Y tc dng vi lng d dung dch
BaCl2 thu c 4,66g kt ta. Mt khc, Y c th ha tan ti a m g Cu. Bit trong cc qa trnh
trn , sn phm kh duy nht ca N5+ l NO. Gi tr ca m l:
A 9,76
B. 5,92
C. 9,12
D, 4,96
Cch t duy sai
Quy i hn hp bn u v Fe(xmol);Cu(ymol);S
S :

Fe0===>Fe+3+3e
x ------------------------>3x

Cu0===>Cu2++2e
y------------------------->2y

S0===>S+6+6e
0,02<----------0,02

4H++3e+NO3===>NO+2H2O
0,28<--- 0,21---------------- 0,07
Suy ra sau phn ng ta c {n(Fe3+)=0,02n(H+)=0,22
Tip tc bo ton e suy ra nCu=0,0925
Vy
m=5,92g Chn B

Cu 15(trch chuyn KHTN ln 3-2013).Cho X gm Na, Al vo nc c dung dch Y cha 2 cht tan c
nng bng nhau v thot ra V lt kh H2.Thm 150 ml dung dch H2SO4 1M vo dung dch Y thu c
7,8g kt ta v dung dch sau phn ng i mu qu tm thnh xanh.
V l
A.8,96
B.7,84
C.13,44
D.11,2
Na + Al + 2H2O --> NaAlO2 + 2H2
x ---- x ------------------- x ----------- 2x
Na + H2O --> NaOH + 1/2H2
x ------------------- x -------- x/2
dd sau p lm ho xanh qu tm --> NaAlO2 d
--> nH2SO4 = 1/2nNaOH + 1/2nktua
--> x/2 + 0.05 = 0.15 --> x = 0.2 --> V = 11.2L
Trch thi th L1-Trn Ph-Thanh Ha)
Cu 14. Hn hp X gm 2 anehit n chc. Cho 7,4 gam hn hp X tc dng hon ton vi
AgNO3 d trong dung dch NH3 thu c 77,92 gam kt ta. Mt khc cho X tc dng ht vi
H2(Ni,to) thu c hn hp Y. Cho Y tc dng vi K d thu c 2,016 lt H2(ktc). Phn trm
khi lng ca 2 anehit trong hn hp X l
A. 60,81% v 39,19%.
B. 43,24% v 56,76%.
C. 40,54% v 59,66%.
D. 48,65% v 51,35%.
Gii
s mol andehit X = mol ru Y = 2*mol H2 = 0,18
Phn t lng X = 7,4/0,18 = 41,1 ==> X c H-CHO a mol
Nu kt ta ch l Ag ==> mol Ag = 77,92/108 = 0,721481 ==> mol X : mol Ag > 1 : 4 ==> loi
==> ngoi Ag kt ta cn c mui Ag kt
H-CHO ---> 4 Ag
a-------------4a
CHC-R-CHO ---> CAgC-R-COONH4 + 2 Ag
b-----------------------------b--------------------2b
mol hh : a + b = 0,18
khi lng hh = 30a + b(R + 54) = 7,4
khi lng kt ta = 108*4a + 108*2b + b(R + 194) = 77,92 ==> 216a + b(R + 194) = 39,04
a = 0,14, b = 0,04
==> khi lng HCHO = 30*0,14 = 4,2 ==> %mHCHO = 56,76 ==> cu B
Cu 13. Hn hp X gm 1 anehit v 1 hirocacbon mch h (2 cht hn km nhau 1 nguyn t- cacbon).
t chy hon ton 0,4 mol hn hp X thu c 1,3 mol CO2 v 0,4 mol H2O. Nu cho 31,8 gam hn hp
X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 th khi lng kt ta thu c ti a l
A. 209,25 gam.

B. 136,80 gam.

C. 224,10 gam.

D. 216,45 gam.

s nguyn t C trung bnh = 1,3/0,4 = 3,25 ==> C3 a mol v C4 b mol

mol hh = a + b = 0,4
mol CO2 = 3a + 4b = 1,3 ==> a = 0,3 v b = 0,1
s nguyn t H trung bnh = 2*0,4/0,4 = 2 ==> mi cht u c 2 nguyn t H ===> C3H2On v C4H2Om
Nu n = 0 ==> hydrocarbon mch h CT C3H2 ==> loi
Vy hydrocarbon l C4H2 0,1 mol c cu to CHC-CCH
v andehit C3H2O 0,3 mol CHC-CHO
==> m hh = 54a + 50b = 21,2
CHC-CCH ---> CAgC-CCAg
0,1------------------------0,1
CHC-CHO --> CAgC-COONH4 + 2 Ag
0,3-----------------------0,3---------------0,6
khi lng kt ta = 265*0,1 + 194*0,3 + 108*0,6 = 149,4

Khi lng kt ta thu c khi cho 31,5 gam X tc dng AgNO3 l :===> 31,5*149,5/21,2 = 224,1 ==>
cu C
Cu 16:
in phn c mng ngn vi in cc tr 250ml dung dch hn hp CuSO4 aM v NaCl 1.5M, vi
cng dng in 5A trong 96,5 pht. Dung dch to thnh b gim so vi ban u l 17,15g. Gi tr ca a
l?
A 0,5 M
B 0,4 M
C 0,474 M
D 0,6 M

Li Gii(2) hng theo bo ton e

s mol CuSO4 = 0,25a, mol NaCl = 0,375
s mol ne in phn = 5*96,5*60/96500 = 0,3 < 0,375 ==> mol NaCl in phn = 0,3 ==> CuSO4 b in
phn ht ==> mol kh Cl2 thu c = 0,5*mol NaCl in phn = 0,15
Cc m :

Cu2++2e Cu
0,25a--0,5a----0,25a

2H2O+2e H2+2OH
------------x-------0,5x
cc dng:

2Cl2e Cl2
0,3-----0,3-----0,15
Bo ton mol e : 0,5a + x = 0,3 ===> a + 2x = 0,6 (1)
Khi lng dd gim = mCu+mH2+mCl2=640,25a+20,5x+710,15=17,15 (2)
(1) v (2) ==> a = 0,4 v x = 0,1 v a = 0,4 ===> cu B
Cu 17:
Cho a gam cht hu c X cha C, H, O tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va , sau chng kh th phn
bay hi ch c 1,8 gam nc, phn cht rn khan cn li cha hai mui ca natri c khi lng 11,8 gam.
Nung hai mui ny trong oxi d, sau khi phn ng hon ton, ta thu c 7,95 gam Na2CO3; 7,28 lt kh
CO2 (ktc) v 3,15 gam nc. Cng thc n gin nht ca X l:
A. C8H8O3. B. C8H8O2. C. C6H6O2.
D. C7H8O3

nH=2(1.8/18+3.15/18)=0.55mol
mX+mNaOH=11.8+1.8=13.6g
nNa2CO3=0.075 nNa+=0.15 mNaOH=6g mX=7.6g
nC=0.075+7.28/22.4=0.4
S mol H trong X:nH(X)=0.55-0.15=0.4mol
S mol O trong X:nO=(7.6-0.4-0.4*12)/16=0.15 mol
Do CT l C8H8O3
Bi 18 un nng m gam hh X gm cc cht c cng mt loi nhm chc vi 700ml dd NaOH 1M thu
c dd Y cha mui ca mt axit hu c n chc v 16 gam hi Z gm cc ancol .
Cho ton b Z tc dng vi Na d , thu c 5,6 lt kh H2 (dktc).C cn dd Y , nung nng cht rn thu
c vi CaO cho ti khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 3,2 gam mt cht kh .Gi tr m l:
A. 37,0
B.45,0
C.32,4
D.12,4

(RCOO)nR+nNaOH nRCOONa+R(OH)n
p:x.........0.7............0..........0
sau p:x........nx..........nx.........x
Theo :x=0.5/n nx=0.5

nNaOHd=0.7nx=0.2
nRCOONa=nx=0.5
P thu c 3.2 g kh :M=3.2/0.2=16 CH4
Do :RCOONa l CH3COONa
Bo ton khi lng: m=37g
Cu 20( LVT-Ln 1)
X l hh gm propan;xiclopropan;butan v xiclobutan. t chy m gam X thu c 63,8 gam CO2 v 28,8g
H2O .Thm va H2 v m gam X ri nung nng vi Ni thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 l
26,375 .T khi hi ca X so vi H2 l:
A. 23,95
B.25,75
C.24,52
D.22,89
Li Gii

nca 2 ankan=nH2OnCO2=0,15mX=mC+mH=20,6
t aken=a mol
Khi hn hp khi thm H2 c khi lng mX=20,6+2a
Bo ton khi lng cho X v Y ta c vs mY=52,75.(0,15+a)
mX=mY a=0,25dX/H =25,75B.
2

Cu 19(NTT-2012).Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp Na v Al ( t mol 1:1) vo H2O d c dung dch
X. Cho t t 200ml dung dch HCl 1M vo X th thu c t gam kt ta. Nu cho t t 300 ml dung dch
HCl 1M vo X thu c 1,25t gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A.8,76
B.9,25
D.12,6
D.7,92
Cu 25: ( lng 1- NGh An)
Khi nung butan vi xc tc thch hp n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp T gm
CH4,C3H6,C2H4,C4H8,H2,C4H6. t chy hon ton hn hp T thu c 8,96 lt CO2 (ktc) v 9 gam
H2O. Mt khc hn hp T lm mt mu va ht 19,2g Br2 trong dung dch nc Brm. % v s mol ca
C4H6 trong T l:
A:16,67%
B:22,22%
C:9,091%
D:8,333%

Cu 24: thi th trng THPT Lng 1- Ngh An.

Dung dch X cha 14,6 gam HCl v 22,56gam Cu(NO3)2. Thm m gam bt st vo dung dch X , sau phn
ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp kim loi c khi lng l 0,535m gam v ch to kh NO l spk duy
nht. Gi tr ca m l:
A: 9,28
B: 14,88
C:16 D:1,92
s mol H+ = mol Cl- = mol HCl = 0,4
s mol Cu(NO3)2=0,12 ==> mol Cu2+=0,12 v mol NO3=0,24,
V cn d kim loi ==> c mui Fe2+ :

Fe2e Fe2+

a------2a--------a

NO3+3e+4H+ NO+2H2O
0,1--------0,3-------0,4

Cu2++2e Cu
0,12--------0,24-----0,12
Bo ton mol e : 2a = 0,3 + 0,24 = 0,54 ==> a = 0,27
khi lng rn = mCu+mFedu=640,12+m56a=0,535m===>m=16===> cu C
Bi 28.Ha tan ht 5,355g hn hp X gm FeCO3 v FeS2 trong dung dch HNO31,25M thu c
dung dch Y(cha 1 cht tan duy nht) v V lt hn hp kh D (ha nu ngoi kk) gm 2 kh.V c gi tr l
A.1,008
B.4,116
C.3,864
D.1,512
Bi 29(chuyn Bn Tre-2013).Cho dung dch X cha x

mol FeCl2 v x mol NaCl vo dung dch

cha 3,8x mol AgNO3 thu c 61,176g kt ta v dung dch Y.Khi lng cht tan trong dung dch
Y l
A.38,684
B.40,439
C.38,604
D.38,019
Bi 30(chuyn Bn Tre-2013).Cho 13,92g hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 trong
nFeO=nFe2O3 tc dng va dung dch H2SO4 long c dung dch X.Sc kh Clo vo dung dch X
n khi phn ng xong c dung dch Y, c cn Y c m gam mui khan .Gi tr m l
A.32,15
B.33,33
C.35,25
D.38,66
Bi 31(CHV-2012) Cho m gam hn hp X gm Fe2O3;CuO;MgO;FeO;Fe3O4 vo dd H2SO4
c,nng thu c 3,36 lt SO2 (dktc) .Mt khc nung m gam hh X vi CO d thu c cht rn Y v hn
hp kh Z.Cho Z vo dd Ca(OH)2 d thu c 35g kt ta.Cho cht rn Y vo dd HNO3 c nng ,d
thu c V l kh NO2 (dktc) l sn phm kh duy nht.Gi tr ca V l:
A. 11,2
B.22,4
C.44,8
D.33,6
Nhn xt MgO khng thay i s oxy ha, khng phn ng CO ==> qui hn hp gm Fe, Cu v O c s
mol l a, b, c:
Bo ton mol e khi tc dng vi H2SO4 : 3a + 2b -2c = 0,3 (1)
s mol CO2 = mol CaCO3 = mol O ==> c = 0,35
(1) ==> 3a + 2b = 1
==> Rn Y ch l Fe, Cu c s mol a, b
Gi x l s mol NO2
Bo ton mol e khi Y tc dng HNO3 : x = 3a + 2b = 1 ==> V = 22,4 ===> cu B
Bi 29(chuyn Bn Tre-2013).Cho dung dch X cha x
cha 3,8x
Y l
A.38,684

mol FeCl2 v x mol NaCl vo dung dch

mol AgNO3 thu c 61,176g kt ta v dung dch Y.Khi lng cht tan trong dung dch
B.40,439

C.38,604

D.38,019

Ag+ + Cl- --->AgCl

0.3x....0.3x.....0.3x
Ag+ + Fe2+ ---> Fe3+ + Ag
0.8x......0.8x.......0.8x
Khi lng kt ta l :
mAgCl+mAg = 143.5*3x + 108*0.8x= 61.176g---->x=0.12 mol
mY= mFe +mNa+mNO3= 56*x + 23*x + 62*3.8x =37.23g