H v tn: Nguyn Ngc Tn

Lp Ha K35
Nhm 3 GVPT: C L Th Ha
T 1: Tn + Hu

KHOA HA
HKH HU

BNG BO CO THC HNH

Bi 4: HNG S CN BNG

I/ L thuyt

MC CH

KIN THC
Hng s cn bng ca phn ng l:

- Xc
[KI3]
nh h s
Kc =
phn b ca
[KI][I2]
I2, gia 2
dung mi
Mun xc nh hng s cn bng trn ta phi bit nng ca cc cht ti
CCl4 v H2O lc cn bng.
- ng
Nng I2 ti cn bng c th xc nh c nh phng php chun
dng h s
bng Na2S2O3 theo phng trnh: I2 + 2Na2S2O3 Na2S4O6 + 2NaI
phn b
Nhng khi chun bng phn ng ny lm cho cn bng b chuyn
xc nh hng dch theo chiu phn hy KI3 to thnh I2, v vy khng th xc nh c
s cn bng
nng I2 ti im cn bng m ch xc nh c nng I2v KI3.
trong dung
xc nh ring r KI3 v I2 ta s dng nh lut phn b.
dch nc ca Khi cho I2 v KI vo hn hp nc v CCl4, sau 1 thi gian h tn ti hai
phn ng:
cn bng ng thi:
KI + I2 KI3
- Cn bng phn ng 1 trong lp dung dch KI trong nc biu th
bng phng trnh 2.
- Cn bng phn b ca I2 gia lp nc v lp CCl4, biu th bng
phng trnh:
Nu chun lp CCl4 bng Na2S2O3 s xc nh c nng I2 trong
lp CCl4. Da vo 4 ta c th tnh c nng I2 trong lp nc khi bit
Kpb.
Nu chun lp H2O bng Na2S2O4, xc nh nng tng cng ca I2

CCH TIN HNH

1. Xc nh h s phn b ca I2 gia
lp nc v lp CCl4.
Ly vo 2 bnh:
Bnh 1: 150ml H2O bo ha I2 + 10ml CCl4
Bnh 2: 150ml H2O + 10ml CCl4 bo ha I2
- y kn, lc trong 1 gi, tch chit thu
vo 4 bnh.
- Chun xc nh nng I2 trong 4
bnh. Dng pipet ly bnh cha CCl4 l
2ml. Ly bnh cha lp nc l 50ml, cho
thm vo 5 git h tinh bt v chun
bng Na2S2O3 0,01N.
2. Xc nh hng s cn bng:
Ly vo 2 bnh:
Bnh 3: 50ml dd KI 0,1N + 10ml CCl4 bo
ha I2
Bnh 4: 50ml dd KI 0,1N + 5ml CCl4 bo
ha I2
- y kn, lc trong 1 gi, tch chit thu vo
4 bnh.
Dng pipet ly bnh cha CCl4 l 2ml. Ly
bnh cha lp nc l 25ml, cho thm vo
5 git h tinh bt v chun bng Na2S2O3

v KI3 t cc nh c nng ca KI3

Da vo nng ca KI3 v nng KI ban u, xc nh c nng
KI ti cn bng

0,01N.

II/Kt qu th nghim:
III/ Kt qu rt t s liu
1. Xc nh h s phn b I2 gia lp CCl4 v lp nc:
- Gi th tch v nng ca I2 l V1 v C1.
- Gi th tch chun v nng ca Na2S2O3 l V2 v C2. Ta c CN ca KI l 0,01N t cng thc CN = aCM vi a l tng in
tch ca cation hoc anion trong mui v vy, CM ca Na2S2O3 l 0,01M
Ta c mi lin h: V1C1 = V2C2 =>
C1 =

V2.C2
V1

- T phng trnh phn ng : I2 + 2Na2S2O3 Na2S4O6 + 2NaI ta c [I2] = 1/2[Na2S2O3].

- T cc cng thc v d kin trn ta p dng tnh nng ca I2 trong lp CCl4 v lp H2O
*Vi bnh 1 :
-3
[I2]CCl4 =

VNa2S2O3.0,01
2V1

11.10 .0,01
2.2.10-3

0,0275 mol/l

VNa2S2O3.0,01

[I2]H2O =

2V1

3,15.10-4 mol/l

2.50.10-3

[I2]CCl4

Kpb1 =

3,15.10-3.0,01

0,0275
=

[I2]H2O

87,302

3,15.10-4

Kpb1 + Kpb2
Kpbtb =

* Vi bnh 2 :
VNa2S2O3.0,01

[I2]CCl4 =

2V1
VNa2S2O3.0,01

[I2]H2O =

Kpb2 =

[I2]H2O

2.2.10-3
1,35.10-3.0,01

2V1
[I2]CCl4

4,6.10-3.0,01

-3

2.50.10

0,0115 mol/l

1,35.10-4 mol/l

0,0115
=

85,185

-4

1,35.10

2. Xc nh hng s cn bng :
*Vi bnh 3 :
[I2]CCl4 =

=>

[I2]H2O =

VNa2S2O3.0,01
2V1

[I2]CCl4
Kpb

[I2]H2O + [KI3] =

2.2.10-3

0,017375
86,2436

VNa2S2O3.0,01
2V1

6,95.10-3.0,01

0,017375 mol/l

= 2,0146.10-4 mol/l

51.10-3.0,01
2.25.10-3

= 0,0102 mol/l = [T]

87,302 + 85,185
2

= 86,2436

=> [KI3] = [T] [I2]H2O = 0,0102 2,0146.10-4 = 9,99854.10-3 mol/l

Nng KI ban u l :
[KI]b =

CN . VKI
V

0,1 . 50

50 + 10

12

[KI]cb = [KI]b [KI3] = 1/12 9,99854.10-3 = 0,07333

[KI3]

Kcb1 =

9,99854.10-3

[KI][I2]

0,07333.2,0146.10

676,76

-4

* Vi bnh 4 :
VNa2S2O3.0,01

[I2]CCl4 =

=>

[I2]H2O =

2V1
[I2]CCl4
Kpb

[I2]H2O + [KI3] =

4,05.10-3.0,01

2.2.10-3

0,010125

2V1

0,010125 mol/l

= 1,174.10-4 mol/l

86,2436

VNa2S2O3.0,01

31,25.10-3.0,01
-3

2.25.10

= 6,25.10-3 mol/l = [T]

=> [KI3] = [T] [I2]H2O = 6,25.10-3 1,174.10-4 = 6,1326.10-3 mol/l

Nng KI ban u l :
[KI]b =

CN . VKI
V

0,1 . 50
50 + 5

1
11

[KI]cb2 = [KI]b [KI3] = 1/11 6,1326.10-3 = 0,0848

[KI3]

Kcb2 =

[KI][I2]

Kcb1 + Kcb2
Kcb =

6,1326.10-3

616,17

0,0848. 1,174.10-4

676,76 + 616,17

= 646,46

Sai s ca vic tnh hng s cn bng

K1 = K1 K = 676,76 646,46 = 30,295
K2 = K2 K = 616,17 646,46 = -30,29

K =

|K1| + |K2|
2

|30,295| + |-30,29|
= |
= 30,2925

=> Kcb = 646,46 30,2925