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UBND TNH H TNH

S GIO DC V O TO

chnh thc

K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH


LP 10 THPT NM HC 2010 -2011
Mn thi: Vt l
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht

Cu 1. Vt A c nm thng ng ln trn t cao 300m so vi mt t vi vn tc ban


u 20m / s . Sau 1s vt B c nm thng ng ln trn t cao 250m so vi mt t
vi vn tc ban u 25m / s . B qua sc cn khng kh, ly g = 10m / s 2 . Chn gc to
mt t, chiu dng hng thng ng ln trn, gc thi gian l lc nm vt A.
1. Vit phng trnh chuyn ng ca cc vt A, B; tnh thi gian chuyn ng ca
cc vt.
2. Thi im no hai vt c cng cao; xc nh vn tc cc vt ti thi im .
3. Trong thi gian chuyn ng khong cch ln nht gia hai vt l bao nhiu v
t c lc no.
Cu 2. Thanh CD vung gc vi trc thng
ng OZ v quay quanh trc ny vi vn tc
Z
gc . Hai hn bi A v B c khi lng M v
B
A
m ni vi nhau bng mt l xo khi lng
C
D
o
khng ng k, c cng k v c chiu di t
nhin l 0 (Hnh v 1). Hai hn bi c th trt
Hnh 1
khng ma st trn thanh.
Tnh cc khong cch OA = x; OB = y ng vi trng thi cn bng ca hai hn bi;
bin lun.
p dng: M = 0,1kg = 2m; l0 = 0, 2(m); k = 40 N / m; = 3 vng/s
Tnh x, y v lc n hi ca l xo.
Cu 3. Mt qu cu nng ng cht c treo bng dy vo mt im c nh trn tng
thng ng. Xc nh h s ma st gia tng vi qu cu sao cho, khi cn bng, im ni
dy vi qu cu nm trn ng thng ng i qua tm qu cu.
Bi 4: Cho c h nh (hnh v 2). Bit = 300, m1 = 3 kg, m2 = 2 kg, M = 2 kg, ma st
gia m2 v M l khng ng k. B qua khi lng dy ni v rng rc, dy khng dn,
ly g = 10 m/s2.
1. M ng yn.
a. Tm gia tc ca cc vt m1 v m2.
m2
b. Tm p lc ca dy ln rng rc.
m1
2. Tm iu kin ca h s ma st gia M v
M
mt bn nm ngang M khng b trt trn bn

Hnh 2

-------Ht------H v tn th sinh:.SBD:.

HNG DN CHM HSG L 10 NM HC 2010 2011


Cu
Hng dn gii
Cu 1 1.
Vit phng trnh chuyn ng ca cc vt:
Chn trc Ox hng ln , gc ti mt t, t = 0 khi nm vt A ta c;
x1 = 300 + 20t 5t 2

im
(5)
0,5

.....................................................
x2 = 250 + 25(t 1) 5(t 1) 2 ; t 1
..............................................................
Vt A chm t khi x1 = 0; 300 + 20t 5t 2 = 0
Gii pt ta c: t11 = 10s; t12 = 6s < 0 (loi)

0,5
0,5

..
Vt B chm t khi

x2 = 0 250 + 25(t 1) 5(t 1) 2 = 0


t21 = 11s; t2 = 4s < 0(loai )

..
Thi gian chuyn ng ca B l: t = t21 1 = 10s .
..
2.
Hai vt cng cao khi:

0,5
0,5

x1 = x2

300 + 20t 5t 2 = 250 + 25(t 1) 5(t 1) 2


t = 5,3s

.
Vn tc ca A khi : v A = 20 gt = 33m / s

Vn tc ca B khi : vB = 25 10(t 1) = 18m / s.

3.
Khong cch ln nht gia hai vt.
Khong cch gia hai vt trong thi gian chuyn ng:
s = x2 x1 = 80 15t ; vi iu kin: 1s t 10s.

s( Max) = 80 15.10 = 70m

Cu 2

0,5
0,5
0,5

0,5
0,5
(5)
0,5

Khi cn bng l xo b gin mt on l = x + y l0 .

Lc n hi ca l xo F = k l chnh l lc hng tm ca hai hn bi.


0,5
F = F1 = F2 .
F1 = M 2 x; F2 = m 2 y; F = k ( x = y l0 )
.
0,5

ng thc F1 = F2 cho ta:

x m
= . (1)
y M

ng thc: F = F1 M 2 x = k ( x + y l0 ) ; (2)
mkl0
Mkl0
;y=
T (1) v (2)) Ta c: x =
(3)
2
k ( M + m) Mm
k (m + m) Mm 2

..
( M + m) k
Bin lun: Vi iu kin x f 0; y f 0 p
; ( ngha l
Mm

0,5
0,75
0,75

cng l xo ln gi hai hn bi).

M
+ 1)
m

=
= 34, 6rad / s.
p dng bng s: Max
M
= 3vong / s = 18,84rad / s p Max
k(

..
Thay cc gi tr vo (3) ta c: x = 0, 095m; y = 0,19m;Vl = 0, 085m
.
Lc n hi: F = k .Vl = 3, 4 N
Cu 3 Khi qu cu ng cn bng cc lc tc dng vo n:
Sc cng T; lc ma st Fms; phn lc N;trng lc P.

T
i vi trc quay lqua im A,
A
vung gc mt phng hnh v :
Fms
Fms.R N.R = 0.
N
..
hay Fms = N.

P
Mt khc Fms k.N k 1.
Cu 4 Chn chiu dng l chiu chuyn ng.
i vi m1 c cc lc tc dng: P1; T1.
..............................................................................................................
i vi m1 c cc lc tc dng: P2; T2
.........................................................................................................................................................................

P1 T1 = m1a1

0,5

0,5
0,5
(4)
1
1,5
1
0,5
(6)
0,25
0,25
0,25

......................................................................................................................................................................

T2 P2sin = m2a2

0,25

......................................................................................................................................................................

Do dy khng dn nn: a1 = a2 = a; T1 = T2 = T
...............................................................................................................
a1 = a2 = (P1 P2sin)/(m1 + m2) = 4 m/s2
.......................................................................................................................................................................

0,25
0,25

Hnh v 1
T = P1 m1a = 18 N
.........................................................................
p lc tc dng ln trc ca rng rc:
Q = T1 +T2

..........................................................................
ln: Q = 2T.cos300 = 18 3 N

0,5
0,25
0,25

T2
T1

Hv0,25
0,25

Cc lc tc dng vo vt M:
'
P , N , T2 , T1 , N 2 , Fms
.............................................................................................................
N2 = P2cos = 10 3 N
..........................................................................................................
Fmsn = T2x N2x = 4 3 N.
...............................................................................................................
N = P + T1 + T2y + N2y
...............................................................................................................
.
= P + T1 + T2sin + N2xcos
...............................................................................................................
= 62 N
.............................................................................................................
M khng b trt trn bn th ma st gia M v bn l ma st
ngh: Fmsn N
N
...................................................................................
T2
Fmsn/N = 0,11
..................................................................................
T

0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

m2

T2

T1
T1

2
Hnh 1

Fmsn

T2

N2

M
P1

N2

m1
P
Hnh 2

H v2: 1

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