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flow diagram- m hnh lung d liu) l mt trong nhng cng c hu hiu ca giai on phn tch(is one of the tools used in the analysis phase). S dng DFD biu din mt cch linh hot cc thc th ngoi, cc chc nng, lung d liu v cc kho d liu (p74)
DFD(Data
External Entity
Modules:
Mt h thng ln (large system) bao gm cc h thng con(subsystems) c lp(independent) m c th kt ni vi nhau. Phn chia modules ph thuc vo:
Data flows : l thnh phn th hin mu d liu ra/vo ca x l (represents the input (or output) of data to (or
from) a process ("data in motion")).
Data flows: ch l d liu (only data), khng l iu khin (not control). u mi tn ch im n ca d liu. Data flows:
Phi bt u hay kt thc mt process. T kho d liu n x l hay ngc li T tc nhn ngoi n x l hay ngc li
Mi dng d liu phi c mt tn duy nht bng danh t th hin phn t d liu hay cu trc d liu
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Tc nhn ngoi(External Entities) : l thnh phn nm ngoi h thng c quan h cung cp hay nhn d liu t thnh phn x l. Mi tc nhn phi c t tn bng danh t.
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Vi m hnh qun l trn, gi s c form nhp liu i din cho thnh phn x l ca vic thm mi mt n hng c dng:
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Logic hot ng ca thnh phn x l thm mi n hng c din t bng cc s DFD cp 0 nh hnh:
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D3
Cc cp ca s DFD
DFD
Mi
s DFD cha ti a 9 x l
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Cc cp ca s DFD
Mi
x l ca DFD c trn 4 dng d liu vo ra phi c phn r thnh s DFD con. x l khng th phn r phi c thit k x l chi tit bng cc cu lnh, s thut gii, bng quyt nh, cy quyt nh
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t ton b h thng bng mt x l DFD ng cnh l s mc tng qut nht DFD ng cnh xc nh phm vi ca h thng DFD ng cnh khng c kho d liu
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Khach hang
n hang Dong n hang
n hng Khach hang Thng tin v khch hng+ hng mua Thong tin mat hang
2 Cap nhat
mat hang
D1
D3
Mat hang
n hang
BO PHAN QUAN LY
Ch tiu bo co
4 To bo co tr gi hng bn
D4
Dong n hang
Bo co tr gi hng bng
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DFD cp con
thnh t vic phn r (decomposition ) x l c trn 4 dng d liu vo ra. Dng d liu vo ra ca s phi cn bng (balancing) vi dng d liu ca x l c phn r.
Hnh
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DFD cp con- v d
n hng Khch hng S n hng D2 Khac h hang D3 n hang 1ent . er 4 . 3 T o n h n g M Tm m t, S l ng
n hng
1.4.2
D 1 D4 Dong n M hang a t h a n g
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li e u .
Process(o x ly)
Phai chuyen o x ly ch co mot dong d lieu i ra thanh tac nhan cung cap d lieu. Phai chuyen o x ly ch co mot dong d lieu i vao thanh tac nhan nhan d lieu. Dung ong t e at ten cho o x ly.
D u n g d a n h
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Entities(tac nhan)
Dong d lieu khong the la cau noi gia hai tac nhan Dung danh t e at ten cho tac nhan.
Data
flows(dong d lieu)
Dong d lieu khong the la cau noi cua mot x ly. Dong d lieu vao kho d lieu mang y ngha cap nhat (them, sa, xoa) Dong d lieu ra khoi kho d lieu mang y ngha tham
Cac phan t lap lai nay c anh dau bang cach ve them ng ke oi doc cho kho d lieu va ng ke
Cc quy tc khi v
Mt qu trnh phi lun c lung d liu vo v ra Khng cn c mt lung d liu (m khng c s bin i) lin kt vi mt qu trnh (v hot ng nh vy l v gi tr) Cc qu trnh cha v cc qu trnh con tng ng ca n phi c cc lung d liu vo ra ging nhau (nhng cc qu trnh con c th c lung d liu ca ring n) Cc lung d liu khng th t phn tch c Mt gi d liu c th gm nhiu phn t d liu c truyn i ng thi ti cng mt ch Khng c s dng mi tn hai chiu v lung vo (cp nht) v lung ra (trch thng tin) ca mt kho
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