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BI 2. TNG HP ETYL ACETATE (HNG TRI CY CHN) Ngy thc hnh: 5/3/2013 A.

Kt qu th nghim Hy nh gi cht lng v tnh hiu sut ca sn phm? Cm quan: sn phm thu c c mi tri cy chn. Hiu sut: C2H5OH + CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

(LT) Th nghim thu c 25ml CH3COOC2H5: (TT)

B. Tr li cu hi 1. Trnh by cch tnh ton nguyn liu tng hp 50g etyl acetate bit t l mol gia ru v axit acetic l 2:1, xc tc 3% trn este? C2H5OH + CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

2.Trnh by s khi quy trnh tng hp etyl acetate?

34,09g CH3COOH

52,27g C2H5OH

1,5ml H2SO4

un vi sinh hn trong 2h

Hn hp

100ml Na2CO3

Hn hp

50g CaCl2 trong 84ml nc

Este

5g Na2SO4

Sn phm

3.Ti sao dng H2SO4 lm vai tr ca cht xc tc? Ta c th dng ha cht no khc thay th H2SO4? Vai tr ca H2SO4 trong phn ng: L cht cung cp H+ v y l phn ng thy phn trong mi trng axit H2SO4 c c tnh ht nc mnh do s thc y phn ng xy ra theo chiu thun l chiu to ra este Nn dng H2SO4 iu ch v n hi hai yu t trn 4. Ti sao phi trung ha dung dch sau khi chng ct bng Na2CO3? Na2CO3 s trung ha axit d: CH3COOH cha phn ng ht v H2SO4. Mc ch l loi b axit d ra khi hn hp. 5. Ti sao khi este ha sn phm phi x l v chng ct li? Phi tin hnh x l v chng ct li v trong hn hp cn ru v nc nn cn loi b bng cch cho 5g Na2SO4 loi b nc, chng ct phn on loi ru. thu c este tinh khit. 6. Ti sao trong qu trnh tinh ch ta dng dung dch CaCl2? Sau khi loi b axit cn d bng Na2CO3. Hn hp cn li cc cht gm: C2H5OH, H2O, CH3COOC2H5 V este tan ln trong ru v ru vi nc cng tan ln vo nhau nhng lc ny lng ru nhiu hn lng nc nn ta thy hn hp cha tch ra n khi cho dung dch CaCl2 vo mt lng lng nc nhiu hn ru th hn hp H2O v C2H5OH b ko xung (khi cho vo phu tch) tch lp este ln trn. CaCl2 ngoi ra cng c mc ch l ht nc loi nc. 7. Trnh by c ch phn ng este? C2H5OH + CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

y l phn ng thy phn trong mi trng axit gia ru v axit hu c. y l phn ng xy ra theo 2 chiu.Do phn ng thun nghch v to ra cn bng ng nn hiu sut thp nu khng loi b nc. H+ ng vai tr xc tc, nng khng i sut qu trnh phn ng. C 3 phng php lm tng hiu sut qu trnh l: Tch nc bng cch cho d H2SO4 ( ht nc) hoc chng ct ng ph 2 cu t To hn hp ng ph chng ct 3 cu t Etyl axetat ru nc Cho d tc cht ( thng l Ancol)

BI 3. PHN LP V TCH -CAROTEN T L CY BNG PHNG PHP SC K CT 1. Nhn xt v mu sc, hm lng (tng i) ca cc cu t lm c s cho phn sc k ct tip theo? -Caroten l cht lng mu vng. Qu trnh phn lp thu c khong 2ml

2. Nu nguyn tc ca phng php sc k ct? Cc hp cht khng phn cc s ra khi ct nhanh hn cc hp cht phn cc. Cc hp cht phn cc yu s ra khi ct nhanh hn cc hp cht phn cc mnh. V trong phng php sc k ct ta thng dng cc cht hp ph nh: silicagel, alumin, . y l cc cht c phn cc mnh nn khi hn hp chng ta i qua ct cc cht

phn cc s b cc cht hp ph ny gi li. Trong bi ny -Caroten ra khi ct u tin chng t trong hn hp c nhiu cht v -Caroten l cht khng phn cc hoc phn cc yu. 3. Khi nhi ct v sao phi cho cht hp ph vo trong dung mi, khng c cho ngc li? Gii thch? Mc ch l pha tnh (cht hp ph) thm t phn tn u trong dung mi Nu lm ngc li, v d: ta c mt becher Silicagel v thc hin dung mi vo becher ny th phn dung mi tip xc u tin vi silicagel s b ng cc, silicagel khng phn tn u trong dung mi. Vi cch thc hin ny chng ta cng phi tn mt lng dung mi gp nhiu ln Silicagel v khuy cho chng thm t u.

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