Tai Lieu Huong Dan Su Dung ArcMap

ARCGIS 9.
x
VERSION: 1.0
Ti liu c lp bi:
Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap
Phin bn 1.0
Gii thiu ArcMap ...................................................................................................... 5

1.1
Cc khi nim c bn trong ArcMap .................................................................. 5
1.2
Khi ng ArcMap ............................................................................................. 6
1.3
M bn ........................................................................................................... 8
1.4
Table of contents (TOC) ..................................................................................... 9
1.5
Data View v Layout View............................................................................... 10
1.6
Xem bn ....................................................................................................... 11
1.7
S dng Bookmarks .......................................................................................... 12
1.8
Ca s phng i v ca s tng qut............................................................... 14
1.9
Tm kim thng tin trn bn ......................................................................... 15
To bn ................................................................................................................. 20
2.1
To bn ......................................................................................................... 20
2.2
Thm d liu kiu Coverage, Shapefile, Geodatabase...................................... 23
2.3
Thm bn v CAD............................................................................................. 23
2.4
ng k ta cho file CAD............................................................................ 24
2.5
Thm d liu b mt (TIN) ............................................................................... 27
2.6
Thm d liu dng ta X,Y vo bn ....................................................... 27
2.7
H trc ta .................................................................................................... 28
Qun l cc layer....................................................................................................... 30
3.1
Thay i dng m t layer................................................................................. 32
3.2
Copy layer ......................................................................................................... 34
3.3
Xa layer trn bn ........................................................................................ 35
3.4
Nhm layer........................................................................................................ 36
3.5
Hin th thuc tnh ca layer ............................................................................. 38
3.6
Hin th layer trong mt gii hn t l ............................................................... 39
3.7
S dng data frame trong t chc cc layer...................................................... 40
3.8
Lu li mt layer trn a .................................................................................. 41
3.9
Sa cha lin kt b hng ca d liu ............................................................... 41
Son tho d liu ha ........................................................................................... 42
4.1
Thanh cng c Editor ........................................................................................ 43
4.2
Khi ng Edit .................................................................................................. 43
4.3
Mi trng truy bt i tng........................................................................... 43
4.4
Chn i tng.................................................................................................. 47
4.5
Dch chuyn i tng ...................................................................................... 47
4.6
Xa i tng.................................................................................................... 48
4.7
Copy v paste i tng.................................................................................... 49
4.8
To i tng mi............................................................................................. 49
4.9
To i tng t i tng khc....................................................................... 56
4.10 Chnh sa i tng c sn ............................................................................... 59
4.11 Chnh sa thuc tnh ......................................................................................... 64
Th hin k hiu cc i tng bn ..................................................................... 65
5.1
Trnh by bn ............................................................................................... 65
5.2
Hin th tt c cc i tng theo mt k hiu ................................................. 70
5.3
Hin th i tng theo loi .............................................................................. 71
5.4
Qun l loi i tng....................................................................................... 74
5.5
Cc phng php lp bn d liu nh lng .............................................. 75
Phng H thng thng tin a l

Cng ty H thng thng tin FPT
Phin bn 1.0
5.6
Lc phn loi chun ................................................................................... 75
5.7
Hin th i tng bng nh lng nh s m hoc s lng ....................... 76
5.8
Hin th i tng theo nhiu d liu thuc tnh .............................................. 77
5.9
Hin th i tng bng biu ........................................................................ 78
5.10 S dng b k hiu ca layer khc ................................................................... 78
6
Hin th nhn bn vi text v graphic .................................................................. 79
6.1
V im, ng thng, vng trn...................................................................... 79
6.2
Thm text........................................................................................................... 81
6.3
Chn graphic ..................................................................................................... 82
6.4
Di chuyn, xoay v sp xp th t cc graphic................................................. 83
6.5
Hin th nhn ..................................................................................................... 85
6.6
Quyn u tin v nh v tr ca nhn ............................................................... 89
6.7
Xy dng chui cho nhn i tng ................................................................. 91
6.8
In bn vi nhn............................................................................................. 92
7
Thit k trang in ........................................................................................................ 93
7.1
To v s dng bn mu .............................................................................. 93
7.2
nh cc hin th trang ...................................................................................... 94
7.3
Thay i layout.................................................................................................. 96
7.4
nh dng data frame ........................................................................................ 97
7.5
Hin th li ...................................................................................................... 99
7.6
Thm data frame.............................................................................................. 100
7.7
S dng cc i tng ghi ch trn bn ..................................................... 102
7.8
Lm vic vi cc i tng graphic................................................................ 103
7.9
Sp xp v nhm cc i tng trn bn ................................................... 104
7.10 In bn .......................................................................................................... 104
8
To mi k hiu bn ........................................................................................... 105
8.1
To mi k hiu ng ................................................................................... 105
8.2
To mi k hiu vng ..................................................................................... 106
8.3
To mi k hiu im ..................................................................................... 107
8.4
To mi k hiu text ....................................................................................... 108
8.5
Lm vic vi bng mu ................................................................................... 108
9
Lm vic vi d liu dng bng .............................................................................. 109
9.1
M bng thuc tnh ca mt layer................................................................... 110
9.2
Hin th d liu dng bng .............................................................................. 111
9.3
iu khin giao din ca bng ........................................................................ 112
9.4
Sp xp cc record........................................................................................... 113
9.5
Chn i tng trong bng ............................................................................. 113
9.6
To bng mi vi cc record chn ............................................................. 114
9.7
Thm v xa field, record ............................................................................... 115
9.8
Tnh ton trn field.......................................................................................... 116
9.9
Join v Relate .................................................................................................. 117
10
To biu cho d liu thuc tnh...................................................................... 121
10.1 Kiu biu .................................................................................................... 121
10.2 To biu ...................................................................................................... 122
10.3 Hin th biu ............................................................................................... 123
10.4 Chnh sa biu ............................................................................................ 123
Phin bn 1.0
10.5
10.6
10.7
Qun l biu ............................................................................................... 125

Lu v m biu ......................................................................................... 125
Xut biu .................................................................................................... 126
11
To bo co ......................................................................................................... 126
11.1 To bo co ..................................................................................................... 126
11.2 Lm vic vi field ........................................................................................... 127
11.3 T chc d liu trong bo co......................................................................... 128
11.4 Thm i tng vo bo co ........................................................................... 129
11.5 iu khin cch hin th bo co .................................................................... 129
11.6 Lu v m bo co .......................................................................................... 130
12
Truy vn d liu bn ...................................................................................... 131
12.1 Chn i tng trn bn ............................................................................. 131
12.2 Xut i tng c chn............................................................................... 133
12.3 To lin kt d liu vi i tng................................................................... 133
12.4 Tm i tng thng qua biu thc truy vn SQL .......................................... 134
12.5 Tm i tng thng qua quan h khng gian ................................................ 135
12.6 To vng m.................................................................................................. 136
12.7 Lin kt d liu theo quan h khng gian ....................................................... 138
12.8 To lp ca nhng i tng c chn ........................................................ 139

Phin bn 1.0
1 Gii thiu ArcMap

ArcMap l mt phn mm quan trng trong b ArcDIS. ArcMap cho php
ngi s dng thc hin cc chc nng sau:
Hin th trc quan
Th hin d liu theo s phn b khng gian gip ngi dng nhn bit
c cc quy lut phn b ca d liuc cc mi quan h khng gian m nu
s dng phng php truyn thng th rt kh nhn bit.
To lp bn
Nhm gip cho ngi s dng d dng xy dng cc bn chuyn
truyn ti thng tin cn thit mt cch nhanh chng v chun xc, ArcMap
cung cp hng lot cc cng c ngi dng a d liu ca h ln bn
, th hin, trnh by chng sao cho c hiu qu v n tng nht.
Tr gip ra quyt nh
ArcMap cung cp cho ngi dng cc cng c phn tch, x l d liu
khng gian, gip cho ngi dng d dng tm c li gii p cho cc cu
hi nh l u?, C bao nhiu?, Cc thng tin ny s gip cho
ngi dng c nhng quyt nh nhanh chng, chnh xc hn v mt vn
c th xut pht t thc t m cn phi c gii quyt.
Trnh by
ArcMap cho php ngi dng trnh by, hin th kt qu cng vic ca h
mt cch d dng. Ngi dng c th xy dng nhng bn cht lng v
to cc hin th tng tc kt mi cc bo co, th, biu , bng biu,
bn v, tranh nh v nhng thnh phn khc vi d liu ca ngi dng. H
c th tm kim, truy vn thng tin a l thng qua cc cng c x l d liu
rt mnh v chuyn nghip ca ArcMap.
Kh nng ty bin ca chng trnh
Mi trng ty bin ca ArcMap cho php ngi dng t to cc giao din ph
hp vi mc ch, i tng s dng, xy dng nhng cng c mi thc
hin cng vic ca ngi dng mt cch t ng, hoc to nhng chng trnh
ng dng c lp thc thi trn nn tng ca ArcMap.
1.1 Cc khi nim c bn trong ArcMap

Bn l mt thnh phn c bn trong ArcMap. Ngi s dng c th
hin th thng tin a l trn bn theo nhiu layer. Nhng layer ny hin th
mt kiu d liu c trng nh l: sng ngi, ao h, ng giao thng, a gii
hnh chnh, khu bo tn ng vt hoang d. Layer khng lu tr d liu
thng tin a l thc. N ch tham chiu n nhng d liu lu tr trong
coverage, shapefile, geodatabase, image, grid v nh cch hin th thng tin
trn bn .
Vic tham chiu nhng d liu bng cch ny cho php layer phn nh li
hu ht nhng thng tin mi nht trong d liu GIS.
TOC (Table of contents) l mt danh sch cha tt c layer trn bn v hin
th nhng i tng trong cc layer . Hp thoi nh bn cnh cc layer biu
th tnh trng hin hnh layer tt hay m, tc l layer c hin th trn
Phin bn 1.0
bn hay khng. Th t ca cc layer trong TOC cng rt quan trng. Layer

t trn s c nm ln nhng layer di trong bn .
Cc layer trong bn c t chc trong mt data frame. Mt data
frame l mt nhm cc layer hin th trong cng mt khng gian tham chiu
(project). Ngi s dng lun lun nhn mt data frame khi to mt bn mi.
N v tr trn cng ca nhng layer m n cha data frame c th c thay
i cho ph hp vi mc ch s dng.
Khi mt bn bao gm nhiu data frame, th mt trong s chng s l
data frame active. Data frame active l mt data frame nhn trc tip cc thao
tc trn ArcMap. V d nu thm mt layer vo bn , th layer c thm
vo data frame active. Data frame active c th d dng nhn bit c trong
bn bi v n c t m v ni bt trn data view. Nu bn ch c mt
data frame th n l data frame active. Ch c data frame active l c hin th
trn data view.
1.2 Khi ng ArcMap

-
T menu Start ca mn hnh Window chn Programs ArcGIS

ArcMap
Khi ArcMap c khi ng, s thy splash screen c hin th u
tin

Phin bn 1.0
Splash screen c th tt, n s khng hin th mi khi khi ng

ArcMap bng cch sau.
Trong ArcMap chn menu Tools Options. B chn trong hp kim
Show Splash Screen v chn trong hp kim Show Startup dialog
trong Tab General.
Sau khi splash screen hin th ngi s dng s thy hp thoi

startup.Tng t, startup c th khng c hin th bng cch b chn
trong hp kim Show startup dialog hoc c th b chn hp kim Do
not show this dialog again trong hp thoi startup.
Trong hp thoi startup c nhng chc nng:
o To bn mi.
o To bn theo mu c sn.

Phin bn 1.0
o M bn ang thc hin ngy hm trc.
1.3 M bn
lm vic vi bn , ta cn phi m n trong ArcMap. Nu mun bit
bn v tr no trong a, th c th xem qua bn vi ArcCatalog v m
n vi ArcMap. Mi chng trnh ArcMap ch c th m duy nht mt bn .
Mt bn khng lu tr d liu khng gian s hin th m n ch tham chiu ti
v tr ngun d liu nh shapefile, coverage, geodatabase, raster trn a. Khi
m bn , ArcMap s kim tra ng dn ti d liu. Nu ArcMap khng tm
thy d liu ny, c th d liu ny b xa, i tn, chuyn ti mt v tr khc,
hoc a trn mng khng kt mi c ArcMap s ta chn ng dn
ti v tr . Nu khng chn ng dn ti d liu ny, th tn layer vn
c hin th trn table of contents. Nhng n khng hin th c d liu trong
data view.
M mt bn t ArcMap:
- Chn vo button Open trn thanh cng c Standard hoc chn menu
File Open hoc c th nhn phm tt Ctrl + O.

Phin bn 1.0
- Chn vo thanh expand (thanh x) Look in tm ni lu tr d liu.

- Chn vo bn mun m.
- Nhp Open.
Mi bn s c mt giao din ring. Mi khi thay i giao din ca bn
nh di chuyn mt button, thm mt button hoc to mt thanh toolbar, cn phi
lu li nhng thay i .
1.4 Table of contents (TOC)

Mi bn c mt TOC. TOC hin th nhng layer m bn cha. C
nhng bn hin th tt c nhng layer trn mt data frame. C nhng bn
c th c nhiu data frame.
Khi nhn trn bn , c th s dng TOC tt hoc m mt layer. Trn
TOC cho php thc hin nhiu thao tc nh thm, xa hoc quyt nh nhng
layer s c hin th nh th no.
Thng thng, trn TOC c tab display v tab source.
- Tab display ch hin th tn ca cc layer.
- Tab source hin th ng dn m cc layer tham chiu ti.

Phin bn 1.0
Hin th TOC
Chn menu View sau chn vo Table of contents.
Bt/ tt cc layer.
Trong TOC nhp vo hp kim trc tn ca mi layer. Layer s xut

hin trn bn . C th khng thy layer ny bi v n c th b n sau mt
layer khc hoc hin th mt ni no trn bn .
Hin th k hiu ca layer

Chn vo du cng hoc tr trc tn ca mi layer.
Hin th nhng layer cha trong data frame
Tng t nh trn, chn vo du cng hoc tr trc mi data frame.
1.5 Data View v Layout View

ArcMap cung cp hai cch khc nhau hin th bn : data view v
layout view. Mi ci s c cch nhn v tng tc trn d liu bn khc nhau.
Khi mun xem d liu a l th dng data view. Data view l mt kiu view
c nhiu cng dng cho php xem, hin th, truy vn, tm kim d liu trn bn
. Kiu view ny s n i nhng i tng ca bn nh thanh tiu ,
hng Bc, thanh t l v ch hin th d liu trn mt data frame. Tt c nhng
thao tc trn bn s tp trung trong data view nh phn tch khng gian,
son tho d liu.
Data view
Layout view

10
Phin bn 1.0
Khi mun in bn ra giy, xut ra bo co, hoc a ln trn Web, cn

phi lm vic vi layout view. Layout view dng xut bn ra ngoi. Trong
, c th thy c ng vin, khung giy ni m nhng i tng bn
c t v sp xp. Layout view s cho php lm mi thao tc xut bn .
Ta dng hai button data view
v layout view
hai cch nhn. Ngoi ra c th chn trn menu View.
chuyn qua li gia
1.6 Xem bn

Khi lm vic vi bn , c th thay i cch nhn i vi bn . Khi xem
bn cn phi phng to, thu nh hoc di chuyn trn bn xem nhng chi
tit quan trng. Khi xut bn ra giy th bn phi c nh mt t l nht
nh.
Phng to hoc thu nh
Chn vo button Zoom in hoc button Zoom out trn thanh cng c Tools
Di chuyn chut trn bn . Click mt ln trn bn phng to hoc
thu nh bn chung quanh im . Nu va click va r chut s v c
mt khung hnh ch nht. Bn s c phng to hoc thu nh quanh khu vc
va v.
Ngoi ra c th phng to, thu nh bn theo mt t l cho trc bng
cch chn vo hai button
Di chuyn bn (Pan)
- Chn vo button Pan trn thanh
cng c Tools.
- Di chuyn con chut trn bn
. Click v ko chut ti mi ta
cn xem.
Xem ton b d liu
- Click vo button Zoom full
extent
trn thanh cng c
Tools.
Quay li hoc ti mn hnh trc.
- Click vo button Back hoc
trn thanh cng c
Forward
Tools.
Phng to ton b mt lp
- Click phi chut vo layer bn
mun phng. Chn vo
Zoom to layer nh Hnh a.
Hin th bn mt t l c nh
- nh t l bn trn hp t l
Hnh a
ca thanh Toolbar v Enter.

11
Phin bn 1.0
1.7 S5 d7ng Bookmarks

Mt bookmarks khng gian c nh ngha nh mt phn ca v tr khng
gian m mun lu li v c th xem li sau. V d: c th to mt bookmarks cho
khu vc nghin cu, sau c th pan hoc zoom trn bn . Khi no, mun
xem li khu vc nghin cu th c th truy cp vo bookmarks. Mc d, c th
s dng cng c pan v zoom tr v khu vc nghin cu nhng thao tc
khng chnh xc v mt nhiu thi gian. C th s dng bookmarks lm nh
du khu vc quan tm.
C th to bookmarks bt c lc no, bookmarks ch c s dng trn
khng gian a l, khng s dng bookmarks trong layout view.
To bookmarks khng gian:
- Pan v Zoom ti khu vc m mun to bookmarks.
- Click vo menu View, vo bookmarks v click Create.
- Nhp tn ca Bookmarks vo.
- Click Ok.
To bookmarks khng gian t hp thoi Identify

- Chn button Identify trn thanh cng c Tools.
- Click vo i tng nhn dng.
- Click phi chut trn i tng trong hp thoi Identify.
- Chn Set bookmarks. Tn ca Bookmarks l tn ca i tng.

12
Phin bn 1.0
To bookmarks t hp hi thoi Find

- Click button Find trn thanh Tools.
- in vo trong hp thoi Find gi tr mun tm.
- Click phi chut vo gi tr trong danh sch kt qu va tm c.
- Chn Set Bookmark.

13
Phin bn 1.0
S dng bookmarks khng gian

- Chn menu View, click vo Bookmarks v chn tn khu vc mnh mun
s dng. Khu vc cn hin th s m ra tc th.
Xa bookmark
- Trn menu View ch vo Bookmarks v click Manage.
- Chn v Bookmarks.
- Click Remove.
1.8 C5a s: phng <i v c5a s: t:ng qut

Khi xem mt bn , c th do i tng gia cc layer khc nhau. Cc i
tng trn bn c kch thc khc nhau. Nn c nhu cu xem chi tit i
tng hoc xem tng qut bn . ArcMap cung cp cho hai cch xem bn
tng qut hoc phng i i tng.
14
Phin bn 1.0
Ca s phng i lm vic ging nh mt knh lp. Khi a ca s ny

trn d liu khng gian, s thy ca s phng i v tr bn di ca s. Di
chuyn ca s ny s khng nh hng n mn hnh bn hin hnh.
Ca s tng qut hin th cho ta ton b d liu bn . C mt hp nh
trong ca s tng qut ny i din cho khu vc mn hnh bn hin hnh. C
th di chuyn hp ny th mn hnh trn bn s di chuyn theo tng ng.
M ca s phng i:
- Chn vo menu Window v click vo Magnifier.
- Khi ca s phng i xut hin, ko r n trn mn hnh d liu thy
ca s phng i.
- Click phi chut trn thanh tiu ca mn hnh phng i v click
SnapShot kha mn hnh.
M ca s tng qut
- Chn menu Window, click vo Overview.
- R, thu nh hoc phng ln hp trong ca s phng i thay i mn
hnh bn trong Active data frame.
1.9 Tm ki@m thng tin trn bn

i khi vic nhn trn bn khng m cn phi truy vn d liu gii
quyt vn . ArcMap cho php va xem thng tin khng gian va xem thng tin
thuc tnh. C th ch ra i tng cn xem, tm mt s thuc tnh c trong bng
15
Phin bn 1.0
thuc tnh, hoc xem ton b thuc tnh. Map tip cng l mt phng php
hin th nhanh thng tin.
Xc nh i tng bng cch click vo chng
trn thanh cng c Tools.
- Click vo button Identify
- Click chut trn i tng cn xc nh. Thao tc ny x lm hin th hp
thai Identify c cha nhng i tng trong nhng lp c click.
Hin th Map Tips

- Trong TOC click vo layer m mun hin th Map Tips v click vo
Properties.
- Click vo tab Display v nh du vo hp kim Show Map Tips.

16
Phin bn 1.0
Click vo tab Fields.

Click vo thanh x Primary display field chn Field thuc tnh mun hin
th.

17
Phin bn 1.0
- Chn OK.
- Di chuyn chut trn i tng xem Map Tips.
Xem bng thuc tnh
- Trong TOC, click phi chut trn layer m mun hin th thuc tnh.
- Click vo Open attribute table.

18
Tm i tng thng qua cc thuc tnh

-
Phin bn 1.0

Click button Find
Nhp chui mun tm vo trong hp thoi Find.
Click thanh x In layer, chn layer mun tm.
Khng kim vo Find features that are similar to or contain the search
string nu mun tm chnh xc chui nhp.
Click Find.
Xc nh khong cch trn bn

-
Click button Measure


19
Phin bn 1.0
S dng chut v mt ng thng tng trng cho khong cch mun

o, c th c nhiu line ghp li vi nhau.
Nhp p nu mun kt thc line. Kt qu o s hin trn thanh Status
cui mn hnh.
2 To bn
Trc khi to bn cn phi bit v cng dng ca bn c to lp.
Bn ny s cha nhng g? Bn ny dnh cho ai? Nhng cu hi n
gin ny s gip cho vic quyt nh cch t chc, sp xp cc thng tin trn
bn . V d mc chi tit mun hin th, mu sc v k hiu dng th hin
i tng. Bn to ra s dng trc tip trn my tnh hay in ra giy hay l
dng cho c hai?
2.1 T<o bn

to mt bn mi c nhiu cch. C th to ra mt bn rng khng
cha g trn hay mt bn da trn mt mu bn (template) c sn.
Kiu mu bn c sn cha mt trang layout c nh ngha sn vi cch
sp xp cc thnh phn bn nh tiu , mi tn ch hng Bc, thanh t l,
ch thch iu ny c ngha l ch cn a d liu vo v c th lp tc in ra
bn . Mu bn ny c th cha d liu nh layer, cc thnh phn v k
hiu ring bit, kiu, thanh cng c ty bin, nhng on chng trnh nh l
form trong VBA v modules.
D liu thuc tnh hin th trn bn di nhng layer (lp). Layer c th
ch hin th mt kiu i tng ca d liu GIS nh ng giao thng, sng, h
hoc n c th hin th kiu d liu nh nh v tinh, bn v thit k, b mt a
hnh (TIN).
To mt bn mi t hp thoi startup:
- Khi ng ArcMap.
- Chn A new empty map.
- Chn OK.
To mt bn mi rng
- Click button New trn thanh cng c Standard to mt bn rng
mi. Nu m mt bn th c hi c cn lu li nhng thay i
trn bn ny khng.
Thm mt lp t mt bn khc
- M bn cha layer mun copy.
- Trong TOC, click phi vo layer v click Save as layer file.
- Chn v tr trn a mun lu.
- Click button Open trn thanh Standard m bn mun thm lp.
- Click button Add data thm layer vo bn .
Trong khi lu li mt lp trn a bng cch click Save as layer file th ArcMap
ch lu li ng dn ca lp ch khng lu d liu khng gian.
Thm mt lp t ArcCatalog
- Khi ng ArcCatalog t menu Start.
20
Phin bn 1.0
- Sp xp li mn hnh ArcCatalog v ArcMap thy c hai mn hnh.

- Chn layer mun thm vo ArcMap.
- Click v r layer t ArcCatalog.
- Th layer trn mn hnh hin th trong ArcMap.
Thm mt lp t button Add data
- Click vo button Add data trn thanh cng c Toolbar.
- Trong hp thoi Add data chn layer mun thm vo.
Hin th mt phn d liu theo mt s iu kin

- Trong TOC, click phi chut trn layer v click Properties.
- Click vo tab Definition query.
- Nhp vo biu thc lc hoc click Query builder.
- Click OK.
Khi ArcMap ch v trn bn nhng i tng tha iu kin lc

21

Phin bn 1.0
22
Phin bn 1.0
2.2 Thm dC liu kiDu Coverage, Shapefile, Geodatabase

C th to layer t ngun d liu trc tip nh shapefile. Mi mt layer nh
l mt phn ca bn , quyt nh cch thc hin th n trn bn , v d nh
t l no n s hin ra, nhng i tng no s c hin th v v chng nh
th no, c th nhm chng li vi nhau cho chng xut hin nh l mt
layer.
D liu hin th trn bn cng c hin th di nhng hnh thc khc
nhau nh vector, raster, dng bng v c lu tr di nhng hnh thc khc
nhau. Nu d liu c lu tr vi nhng nh dng c ArcMap h tr th c
th thm vo trc tip trong bn ging nh mt lp. Cn nu khng c
ArcMap h tr th dng cng c ArcToolbox hoc mt cng c no khc
chuyn v nh dng m ArcMap h tr.
Ngoi ra, c th thm vo kiu d liu raster nh nh v tinh, nh my bay,
tranh nh di nhiu nh dng khc nhau. Khi thm nhng d liu ny cho
php chng hin th bng mt band hay t hp cc band. Nu d liu raster
cha ng k ta th c th dng world file ng k ta ca n.
Tng t nh thao tc thm lp vo trong bn , c th thm nhng lp
kiu nh coverage, shapefile, geodatabase. y l nhng kiu nh dng m
ArcMap h tr, n cho php chnh sa trc tip trn file m khng cn chuyn
sang mt nh dng no khc. Nhng ty theo cp bn quyn v phn mm
c c th vic chnh sa cng khc nhau. Vi shapefile, ArcMap c th chnh
sa trc tip nhng vi geodatabase cn phi c license ArcEditor mi chnh
sa c d liu khng gian ca chng.
-
Chn button Add data trn thanh cng c Standard.

Chn ng dn n lp d liu lu tr trn a.
Click Add.
2.3 Thm bn vG CAD

Nu chng ta c bn v CAD, th c th s dng file ny ngay trn ArcMap
m khng phi chuyn i sang nh dng khc. Nhng nu khng chuyn i
nh dng CAD th ch c th xem d liu ch khng th chnh sa. Tng t
nh cc trng hp khc khi thm bn v CAD vo trong ArcMap th cng phn
bit ra ba dng i tng im (point), ng (line), vng (polygon). Ngoi ra
cn c nhng i tng dng text th ArcMap s cho hin th di mt lp ring
cng tn v th mc vi file CAD.
- Click vo button Add data trn thanh Toolbar.
- Trn hp thoi Add data, chn file CAD cn hin th.
- Nu ch mun hin th file CAD xem thi th c th chn ngay trn file
CAD c k hiu mu trng v nhn Add.
Nu mun hin th file CAD ny thc hin cc thao tc phn tch khng
gian th nhp p chut trn file m c k hiu mu xanh . File ny s hin th
tt c cc i tng di ba dng im, ng, vng. C th chn tng dng

23
Phin bn 1.0
hin th. Nu mun hin th i tng dng text th chn file CAD c k hiu
.
2.4 ng k tKa cho file CAD

Khi a mt file CAD vo trong ArcMap th khng bo m c rng ta
m n c c khp vi ta d liu c trong ArcMap. V th cn chuyn
i ta cho file CAD. ArcMap h tr cho hai cch chuyn i.
- Tnh tin.
- Nn chnh.
Chuyn i tnh tin l ch cn mt thao tc n gin tnh tin tt c cc im
trn bn ti mt v tr no . Khc vi chuyn i tnh tin, nn chnh bn
s c s dng cc php nh tnh tin, xoay, t l cho tt c cc im trn bn
theo cng thc.
x = Ax + By + C
y = -Bx + Ay + D
Chuyn i ta dng World File
World File l mt file dng text c phn m rng l *. Wld m trong File ny c
cha mt hay hai cp im. Cch nhp cc im trn world file nh sau:
<x,y ta im trn bn v CAD> <khong trng> <x,y ta trong khng gian
a l>
Ty theo cch chuyn i m nhp mt hay hai cp im khng c
nhp qu hai cp im. ArcMap s t ng s dng world file ny khi n cng
th mc vi File CAD v c cng tn nhng phn m rng l (*.wld).
V d c th nhp theo c php nh sau:
0,0 1200.0, 1300.0
12.0,9.0 2100.0, 100.0

24
Phin bn 1.0
Click phi trn lp CAD v chn Properties.

Chn tab Transformation.
Chn vo hp kim Enable transformations.
Chn kiu nn chnh l World file trong Transform by.
Chn button Browse chn ng dn lu World file trn a.
Chuyn i dng ta
Tng t nh trong World file thay v nhp hai cp im trong world file
c th nhp trong hp thoi Transformation. Nhng vi cch ny mi khi mun
s dng li file CAD ny phi nhp li ta , trong khi vi world file, ArcMap s
hiu t ng.
-
Click phi trn lp CAD v chn Properties.

Chn tab Transformation.
Chn vo hp kim Enable transformation.
Chn kiu chuyn i l Coordinate trong Transform by.
Nhp vo mt hay hai cp im ty theo vic chuyn i.

25
Phin bn 1.0
Chuyn i dng cc h s tnh tin, xoay, t l

Trong chuyn i ny c th s dng trc tip cc h s trong phng
trnh chuyn, ta phi nhp cc thng s v tnh tin, gc xoay v h s t l gia
hai h trc, thng thng l do khc bit v n v khi s dng. Cch ny tng
t nh trong world file ta ch cn chn Rotate, Scale, Translate trong
Transform by.

26
Phin bn 1.0
2.5 Thm dC liu bL mMt (TIN)

D liu bin i lin tc trn b mt nh cao , lng ma, nhit
thng c biu din trn bn nh mt b mt. T nhng im c gi tr
khc nhau c th ni suy ra b mt theo mt mng li tam gic.
trn thanh cng c Standard.
- Click button Add data
- Chn v tr ca file TIN.
- Click Add.
2.6 Thm dC liu d<ng tKa X,Y vo bn

Ngoi vic s dng cc d liu khng gian c th s dng kiu khng gian
di dng im m c dng ta c lu trong bng hay mt file text. Cc
im ta c o c th l cc im GPS hoc v tr cc h khoan a cht
Mt khi, thm cc im ny vo th c th thao tc n nh mt file bnh thng
nh l hin th, k hiu, nh t l hin th
-
Chn menu Tool v click vo Add XY data.

Click bng trong danh sch x xung, nu khng c bng c th chn
Browse tm n trn a.
Chn hai trng X,Y c lu ta ca im.
Nu mun chn h qui chiu tham chiu ti c th chn Edit v chn
h qui chiu mun d liu hin th.

27
Phin bn 1.0
2.7 H tr7c tKa

Cc i tng trn bn tham chiu ti mt v tr tht trong th gii thc.
Cc v tr ca i tng trn b mt tri t c biu din bng ta a l.
Trong khi kinh v v tham chiu biu th v tr chnh xc ca i tng trn
bn nhng n khng phi l n v o. Khong cch tng ng mt n v
ca kinh trn trc xch o s khc vi khong cch tng ng mt n v
ti v tr khc. V nhng l do trn, cn chuyn h trc ba chiu v thnh ta
phng hai chiu gi l li chiu. Ngoi ra cn c nhng l do khc nh khng
thun tin cho xem, truy vn hay phn tch; khng th biu th cho chiu di, din
tch hay hng
Thng thng tt c cc lp hin th trn bn u phi chung mt li
chiu. Khi ta a mt lp vo bn rng th lp ny s nh li chiu tng
ng vi li chiu m lp tham chiu. C th thay i li chiu ny nu thy
cn thit. Khi khng ch ra mt h ta th c th vic hin th c th b sai lch.
Ta cng c th to nhng li chiu cho ring mnh.
Xem h ta m data frame tham chiu
- Click phi trn Data frame v chn Properties.
28
Phin bn 1.0
Chn tab Coordinate system xem cc thng tin chi tit trn Data
frame.
nh ngha li h thng ta
- Chn tab Coordinate system.
- Nhp p vo Predefined.
- Xem trong th mc ny cho n khi tm c h thng ta mun tm
v chn n.
- Khi tt c cc lp trong Data frame s hin th vi h thng ta ny.
Chnh sa cc thng s ta ca h thng ta
- Click tab Coordinate system.
- S thy h thng ta m d liu ang tham chiu, nu mun thay i
cc thng s h thng ta cho thch hp. Chn Modify.
- Nhp li cc thng s thch hp.

29
Phin bn 1.0
3 Qun l cc layer
Qun l cc layer l cch nhanh nht c th truy cp d liu khng gian.
Layer hin th d liu bng cch tham chiu ti v tr c s d liu c lu tr
trn a. Khi s dng bn , cn t chc cc layer sao cho thun tin vi vic
truy cp v hin th d liu.
Ta c th d dng thm cc layer trn bn v t chc chng trong TOC.
Trong TOC, c th iu khin c cc layer hin th nh th no, khi no
chng c v v data frame m chng c v. C th xa, nhm v lu cc
layer trn a.
Nhng layer t trn trong TOC s c hin th trn nhng layer di
n. V th, cn phi t nhng layer c tnh cht nh hnh nn nm di cng
trong TOC, v d nh vng bin cn phi t di cng, hoc vng hnh chnh
qun, huyn.
Cp nht lin kt ti ngun d liu
- Trong TOC, click phi chut vo layer v chn Properties.
30
Phin bn 1.0
Chn tab Source. Trong s hin th ng dn hin hnh ca d liu

v h thng ta m n tham chiu.
Chn vo Set data source.
Trong hp thoi Browse, chn ngun d liu mun cp nht.
Chn Add.
Thay i th t hin th ca layer.

Th t ca cc layer trong TOC s quyt nh th t hin th v cch sp
xp chng trn bn . Vi ArcMap, layer c th d dng thay i th t v t
chc chng trong data frame.
-
Trong TOC, click chut trn layer v r chng ln hoc xung. S c mt

ng thng mu en bo v tr t layer xung.
Th chut ti v tr mi m layer cn t.

31
Phin bn 1.0
3.1 Thay :i dng m t layer

Trc mi layer c mt dng m t layer trong TOC. Dng k t m t ny
c th l tn ca layer hoc m t v i tng m n hin th hoc k hiu ca
bn ch thch.
Mc nh, khi thm d liu vo bn , tn ca layer l tn ca file trn
a. Thng thng, th tn ny khi lu trn a c vit tt nn n thng
khng m t ht ngha ca mi layer trn bn . Nn cn phi thay i tn
layer cho c ngha hn m khng thay i tn d liu ngun trn a.
Khi hin th i tng trn bn , thng s dng gi tr trong bng thuc
tnh hin th cc k hiu trn i tng. Nhng gi tr ny s hin th trong
phn m t ca mi i tng trong TOC. Nhng gi tr ny thng thng cng
khng m t ht ngha i tng. V th, c th thay i phn m t trong mi
i tng m khng thay i gi tr ngun ca chng.
Thay i tn ca mt layer
- Trong TOC, chn vo layer cn thay i.
- Chn trn layer mt ln na. S thy c mt khung bao quanh dng
ch m t. Dng ch c th c thay i cho c ngha hn.
- Nhp dng m t mi cho layer.

32
Phin bn 1.0
Thay i dng m t trn mi i tng

- Trong TOC, chn i tng cn thay i.
- Click ln i tng mt ln na. S thy c mt khung bao quanh dng
ch m t.
- Nhp dng m t mi cho i tng.

33
Phin bn 1.0
3.2 Copy layer

Mt cch nhanh chng xy dng nhiu bn tham chiu cng mt d
liu ngun l dng copy v paste layer.
- Click phi chut trn layer mun copy v chn Copy.
- Click phi chut trong data frame khc v chn Patse.

34
Phin bn 1.0
C th dng cch ny copy cc layer trn nhng data frame khc nhau
hoc trn nhng bn khc nhau. Thao tc ny gip ta khng mt nhiu thi
gian cho vic xy dng cch hin th i tng trn mi bn . V d: nh gii
hn hin th trn mi layer, cc k hiu, bng mu, i tng hin th...
3.3 Xa layer trn bn

Khi khng cn hin th layer trn nn na, th c th xa n. Khi xa n
trn bn nhng khng lm thay i d liu ngun trn a.
-
Trong TOC, click phi vo layer mun xa. Nu mun xa nhiu layer,
dng phm Ctrl hoc Shift chn cc layer khng lin tc hoc lin tc.
Chn Remove.

35
Phin bn 1.0
3.4 Nhm layer

Khi cn lm vic vi vi layer c chc nng nh mt layer, c th nhm
chng li vi nhau. Gi s c hai layer ng xe la v ng xa l. C th gp
chng li vi nhau thnh mt layer ng giao thng.
Mt nhm layer hin th v hot ng ging nh mt layer c lp trong
bng TOC. Khi tt hay m mt nhm layer s c tc dng ging nh thao tc
trn ton b cc layer trong nhm . c tnh ca mt nhm layer s ln
nhng c tnh mu thun ca cc layer thnh phn trong nhm. V d nh gii
hn hin th trong mt layer s c tc dng nu nh gii hn hin th trong nhm
layer. Khi cn, c th to nhm ca nhm cc layer lm vic.
Cng c th lm thao tc trn nhng layer c lp trong nhm. Cc layer
c th thm hoc xa, thay i th t trong nhm khi thy cn thit.
To nhm layer
- Click phi trn data frame m mun to nhm layer.
- Chn New group layer. Mt nhm layer mi s xut hin trong data
frame.

36
Thm layer trong mt nhm layer

- Nhp p ln nhm layer hin th hp thoi Properties.
- Chn vo tab Group.
- Chn Add.
- Trong hp thoi Add data chn nhng layer mun thm vo.
Thay i th t trong nhm layer

- Nhp p ln nhm layer hin th hp thoi Properties.
- Chn vo tab Group.

Phin bn 1.0
37
Phin bn 1.0
- Click ln layer mun thay i th t.

- Chn mi tn thch hp di chuyn layer ln xung.
Thay i thuc tnh ca mt layer trong nhm
- Trong hp thoi Properties ca nhm layer. Chn layer thch hp.
- Chn button Properties. Khi , s hin th ln hp thoi Properties cho
php thay i cc thuc tnh ca lp.
Xa mt layer trong nhm
- Tng t nh khi thm layer vo. Trong hp thoi Properties ca nhm
layer, chn vo layer mun xa.
- Chn button Remove.
3.5 HiDn thS thuc tnh cUa layer

Trong hp thoi Properties, ta c th iu khin tt c thuc tnh trong mt
layer. C th nh ngha cch hin th ca layer, ni lu tr d liu, cch hin th
nhn v trng thuc tnh m n cha, nhng thng tin v h thng ta m
n tham chiu
- Trong TOC, click phi chut vo layer mun hin th thuc tnh.
- Chn vo nhng Tab xem v nh thuc tnh.
- Khi hon thnh chn OK.
Ngoi ra c th nhp p trn layer trong TOC hin th hp thoi Properties.

38
Phin bn 1.0
3.6 HiDn thS layer trong mt giVi h<n tW l

Khi mt layer c hin th trong mt bn . ArcMap s v n m khng
ch n t l hin th. Khi thu nh bn , c nhng layer m i tng trong
n rt kh phn bit, vic hin th chng khng cn thit. Nhng mt khi bt
chng trong TOC th ArcMap vn c v, iu ny lm chm qu trnh x l ca
my tnh. Nu Tt/bt chng trong TOC th s bt tin trong qu trnh lm vic.
t ng hin th layer theo t l thch hp, c th nh gii hn t l bn
m ArcMap s v. Bt c khi no, t l ca bn nm ngoi gii hn t l
ca layer m qui nh, th layer s khng c v. Bng cch ny c th
iu khin c cch hin th bn nhng t l khc nhau mt cch t ng.
nh t l hin th nh nht ca layer
- Trong hp thoi Properties ca layer, chn tab General.
- Chn vo Dont show layer when zoomed.
- Nhp vo t l hin th nh nht.
nh t l hin th ln nht ca layer
- Trong hp thoi Properties ca layer, chn tab General.
- Chn vo Dont show layer when zoomed.
- Nhp vo t l hin th ln nht.
nh t l hin th ca layer theo t l hin hnh
- iu chnh cho data frame hin th vi t l thch hp.
- Click phi trn layer m mun nh gii hn t l.
- Ch vo Visibility scale range chn gii hn t l ln hoc nh.

39
Phin bn 1.0
Xa gii hn hin th trn layer

- Tng t nh nh gii hn t l, click phi chut trn layer mun xa.
- Trong Visibility scale range chn Clear scale range.
3.7 S5 d7ng data frame trong t: chXc cc layer

Mt data frame l mt khung m trn c th hin th nhng layer. Khi to
mt bn , n s c cha trong mt data frame mc nh trong TOC. C th
thm nhng layer tc thi trong data frame v t cho n mt ci tn cho c
ngha.
Tt c nhng layer trong data frame s c hin th trn cng mt h trc
ta v chng lp ln nhau. Khi mun hin th cc layer tch bit nhau v
khng cho chng chng lp ln nhau. V d so snh cc layer vi nhau ta cn
phi thm mt data frame na. Khi mt bn c hn mt data frame th s c
mt data frame trong chng s c hot ng. Data frame hot ng ny s
nhn tt c nhng thao tc trn ArcMap nh l Pan/Zoom. Tn ca data frame
hot ng ny s c t m trong TOC. N s c ni bt trong layout view
hoc c hin th trong data view.
Trong layout view, mi mt data frame hot ng ging nh nhng i
tng khc trn bn d. Ta c th thay i kch thc, di chuyn hoc xa n.
Thm mt data frame
- Chuyn sang Layout view.
40
Phin bn 1.0
- Chn vo menu Insert.

- Chn Data frame.
S c mt data frame mi xut hin trong tm ca mn hnh layout.
To cho mt data frame hot ng
- Click phi chut ln data frame trong TOC.
- Chn Active.
Ta cng c th chn data frame ny trong layout view kch hot n.
Xa mt data frame
- Click phi chut trn data frame trong TOC.
- Chn Remove.
Trong bn lun c mt data frame. Khng th xa data frame cui cng
3.8 LYu l<i mt layer trn a

Mt trong nhng im c trng ca mt layer l n tn ti mt file trong
c s d liu GIS. iu ny cho php d dng thc hin nhng truy cp khc ti
nhng layer ny.
Khi lu li nhng layer trn a, s lu li mi th trong layer. Khi thm layer
ny ti bn khc th n s v li mt cch chnh xc nh lc save. iu ny
thun tin cho mt t chc khc s dng d liu m khng cn bit n truy cp
d liu u trong c s d liu.
-
Trong TOC, click phi chut v chn Save as layer file.

Trong hp thoi Save chn ni lu tr d liu.
3.9 S5a chCa lin k@t bS h[ng cUa dC liu

Khi m mt bn , ArcMap s tm kim d liu m cc layer tham chiu ti.
Nu chng khng tm thy, c th l d liu ny c di chuyn sang ni khc
hoc b xa i v th layer ny khng c hin th. Ta s c cnh bo ngay
lp tc rng lin kt trn layer ny b hng bi v s thy mt du chm thang
mu bn cnh tn ca layer trong TOC. Nu bit v tr mi ca d liu ta c
th sa n.
-
Trn layer click phi chut v chn vo Data, sau chn Set data
source.
- Trong hp thoi Open, tm ti v tr mi ca d liu.
- Click vo button Add.
Ngay lp tc lin kt d liu ny s c cp nht.

41
Phin bn 1.0
4 Son tho d liu ha

ArcMap cung cp cho chng ta chc nng son tho rt l hu hiu, d
dng s dng v chnh xc. Vi chc nng son tho ny, c th chnh sa d
liu trn shapefile, geodatabase hoc tt c c s d liu GIS . N cung cp rt
nhiu cng c, lnh, thao tc dung to v chnh sa d liu khng gian. c
bit n cn cho chng ta tip xc trc tip vi nhng thao tc trn bn s ha.
Ngoi ra ArcMap cn cung cp mt cng c dng son tho d liu dng
topology. Vi cng c ny khi son tho d liu khng gian khng lm mt i
quan h topology v hp nht vi d liu topology vn c.
Khi s dng cng c Edit ca ArcMap, vic son tho cc i tng
nhng nh dng khc nhau cng khc nhau. Vi shapefile ch c th to nhng
i tng cng kiu vi i tng m shapefile ny cha thi. V d: nu
shapefile cha i tng dng polygon th ch c to i tng dng polygon
trong lp ny. Vi d liu dng geodatabase c th lm tt c nhng thao tc
chnh sa trn chng.

42
Phin bn 1.0
4.1 Thanh cng c7 Editor

Trc khi son tho d liu cn phi bt thanh cng c Editor. Trn menu
m thanh cng c Editor.
Tool, chn cng c Editor Toolbar
4.2 Khi ng Edit

Trc khi bt u cng vic son tho cn phi thc hin Start Editing nu
trong chng trnh ArcMap c hn mt data frame, th Start Editing cho php
chnh sa khng gian trong data frame active. Sau khi thc hin hiu chnh xong
lu li kt qu va thc hin vo thanh Menu Editor chn Editor Save
Edits/Stop editing. Mun chnh sa d liu trong mt data frame khc cn phi
Stop Editing trong data frame ny mi c th thc hin Start Editing trong data
frame khc c.
Mi trng son tho d liu ha
- Trong menu Editor ca thanh cng c Editor chn Start Editing.
- Tng t Save Editing hoc Stop Editing cng thc hin nh Start
Editing.
4.3 Mi trY]ng truy b^t _i tY`ng

Mi trng bt im cho php thit lp chnh xc v tr ca i tng quan
h vi cc i tng khc. nh mi trng bt im gm 3 phn l khong
cch bt im, thuc tnh bt im, quyn u tin bt im.
Khong cch bt im
Khong cch bt im l khong cch c xc nh bt dnh t
1im ca i tng ny ti 1im ca i tng kia.
C 2 cch xc nh khong cch bt im:
Cch 1:

43
Kch vo menu Editor trn

thanh cng c Editor v chn
Options xut hin hp thoi:
Chn tab General Snapping

tolerance: nhp vo thng s
khong cch bt im.
Phin bn 1.0
Cch 2:
-
Kch vo menu Tools chn

Customize, xut hin hp thoi.
Chn tab Commands, trong

ca s Categories chn Editor
th bn ca s Commands
tng ng chn cng c Snap
Tolerance v sau nm ko
cng c ny th ln trn menu
tool.
Cng c Snap Tolerance cho

php nh thng s bt im
theo bn knh hnh trn.
Chn cng c Snap Tolerance

va c ko th trn thanh
menu tool v v thnh 1 vng
trn nh khong cch bt
im, thay v phi nhp thng
s khong cch bt im nh
cch 1.
Thuc tnh bt im
Thuc tnh bt im l chn lp i tng cn bt im. Chn lp bt
im cc i tng trn cng lp v chn lp bt im cc i tng trn khc
lp.

44
Phin bn 1.0
Hnh a
Mun bt im cc i tng trong
lp D_Blon th nh du check vo
cc nh Hnh a.
Hnh b
Mun bt im cc i tng trong
lp D_BLon vi cc i tng trong
lp D_BNho th nh du check vo
cc nh Hnh b.
C 2 cch thc hin chn thuc tnh bt im:

Cch 1:
Kch chn Editor trn thanh cng

c Editor v chn Snapping,
xut hin hp thoi.
Kch chn vo lp i tng cn

bt im.

45
Phin bn 1.0
Cch 2:
-
Kch vo menu Tools chn

Customize, xut hin hp
thoi.
Chn tab Commands, trong
ca s Categories chn
Editor th bn ca s
Commands tng ng chn
cng c Snapping v sau
nm ko cng c ny th ln
trn menu tool.
Kch chn vo cng c

Snapping va c ko th
trn menu tool, thy xut hin
hp thoi.
Chn lp i tng cn bt
dnh (chn thuc tnh bt
im) ging nh cch 1, nh
du check vo cc ca lp
cn bt im. Thay v lm theo
cch 1, thc hin theo cch 2
mt nhiu thao tc.
C 3 kiu la chn bt im:

bt im theo nh (vertex),
cnh (edge), im cui (end).
C th la chn 1 trong 3 kiu

bt im hoc chn tt c u
c.
Quyn u tin bt im: c th chn quyn u tin trong nhng lp i

tng (Layer) trn bn . Th t ca cc layer trong hp thoi Snapping
environment quyt nh th t truy bt im. Snapping s c hiu lc trong

46
Phin bn 1.0
layer u tin trong hp thoi Snapping environment sau mi c hiu lc

trong nhng layer k tip. C th d dng thay i quyn u tin ny bng
cch trong hp thoi Snapping environment ko th v tr ca cc lp i
tng.
4.4 ChKn _i tY`ng

Chn i tng dng xc nh i tng no mun thc hin mt
thao tc no . C th chn i tng bng cch chn trc tip ln chng
hay v mt ng thng hay polygon m chng ct vi nhng i tng
mun chn. S i tng s c hin th bn gc tri ca thanh Status.
C mt du ch X gia i tng c chn c gi l neo. Ci
neo ny dng d khi quay, dch chuyn hay xa.
Chn i tng bng cng c Edit
- Click cng c Edit
.
- Di chuyn con tr trn i tng v click chng. i tng chn s ni
bt ln.
- chn thm i tng c th nhn nt Shift v chn cc i tng
khc. Nu trong trng hp nhp vo i tng chn ri th i
tng ny s b b chn.
Chn i tng bng ng thng
- Click trn nt x Curent task v chn Select features using a line.
- Chn Sketch .
- To mt ng thng giao vi i tng mun chn.
Chn i tng bng polygon
- Click trn thanh x Curent task v chn Select features using an
area.
- Chn Sketch .
- To mt polygon giao vi i tng mun chn.
4.5 DSch chuyDn _i tY`ng

C th di chuyn i tng bng ba cch:
Ko th
Ko th l mt phng php d dng di chuyn mt i tng. S
dng phng php ny khi khng cn chnh xc cao v v tr ca i
tng.
- Click vo cng c Edit
.
- Chn i tng.
- Click v r i tng ti v tr mong mun.
Dch chuyn i tng theo mt khong cch chnh xc
Phng php ny cho php dch chuyn i tng c chn ly v tr
gc l i tng ban u c ta (0,0) sang v tr mi bn tri, phi, trn,
di theo khong cch Delta X,Y.
Khong cch c tnh theo cc n v bn . C th ch r n v
bn thuc cc n v (km, m,).

47
Phin bn 1.0
.
Click vo cng c Edit
Chn i tng mun dch
chuyn.
Click menu Editor v chn
Move.
Nhp vo khong cch dch
chuyn v n Enter.
Delta X= 50
Delta X,Y = 50
Delta X= -50
Xoay
C th xoay i tng trong ArcMap s dng cng c Rotate. i
tng ny xoay quanh neo. thay i v tr ca neo a con tr chut ln
neo nhn phm O v nhp vo neo thay i v tr neo.
-
Click trn cng c Edit

.
Chn i tng mun xoay.
Click ln cng c Rotate .
Click bt c ni no trn
bn v r chut xoay
i tng ti v tr thch hp.
xoay i tng mt cch

chnh xc hn c th nhn
phm A xut hin hp
thoi nhp gc xoay
4.6 Xa _i tY`ng
-
Click cng c Edit

.
Chn i tng mun xa.
trn thanh cng c Standard hoc nhn phm
Click button Delete
Delete.

48
Phin bn 1.0
4.7 Copy v paste _i tY`ng

Copy i tng bng cch s dng Tool Copy
v Paste
trn
thanh cng c chun ca ArcMap hoc cc t hp phm Ctrl + C, Ctrl + V.
- Click ln thanh x Target layer v chn lp i tng cn copy i
tng mi.
.
- Click cng c Edit
- Chn i tng mun copy.
- Click button Copy
Ctrl + C.
- Click button Paste
Ctrl + V.
4.8 T<o _i tY`ng mVi

to i tng mi trong ArcMap, cn phi to mt sketch chnh sa.
Mt Sketch l bao gm cc vertex v cc on thng ni li vi nhau. Sketch
hot ng nh l mt bn v phc tho.
To i tng im v vertex
To mi im v vertex v tr c ta tuyt i
1. Chn cng c v sketch
tool .
2. Nhn phm F6 hoc Kch
phi chut xut hin hp
thoi nh Hnh a. Kch
chn Absolute X, Y.
3. Nhp ta im vo v
g Enter.
Hnh a
To mi im v vertex s dng cng c Distance- Distance
cho php to 1 im hoc vertex
Cng c Direction Distance tool
t 1 im bit v 1 ng thng lin quan xc nh hng (direction)
v t 1 vng trn c bn knh giao vi ng thng lin quan c xc
49
Phin bn 1.0
nh hng trn. Chn 1 trong 2 im giao to ra 1 im hoc vertex

mi.
Distance- Distance tool

- Click ln th nht to tm ca
ng trn th nht v nhn phm D
hoc R hin ln hp thoi cho
php nhp ng knh hoc bn
knh ca ng trn. Tng t, to
tm v nhp ng knh ca ng
trn th hai. Hai ng trn s giao
nhau ti hai im, di chuyn chut v
click chut chn im mun to
im v vertex trong hai im giao
nhau .
To mi im v vertex s dng cng c Intersection
-
Cng c Intersection tool

cho php to 1 im hoc
vertex ti ch giao nhau ca 2
ng thng.
Chn cng c Intersection

trn thanh x cng c Palette.
Biu tng ca con tr l ch
thp.
Tr con tr vo ng thng
th nht mun Intersection
v click. Tng t, chn
ng thng th hai s c
mt vertex hay mt im s
c to ngay ni giao nhau
ca hai ng thng.
Intersection tool
To mi im v vertex s dng cng c Midpoint

-
Cng c Midpoint tool

cho
php to 1 im hoc vertex
gia 2 im cho trc hoc
gia im u v im cui
ca 1 ng thng.

Midpoint tool
50
Phin bn 1.0
Chn cng c Midpoint tool trn thanh x cng c Palette.

Click ln th nht to im u. im hoc vertex mi s c to
gia im u v im k tip m bn click.
Click im th hai.
Cc cng c To mi i tng hnh vng cung
To mi i tng theo hng tuyt i so vi mn hnh

51
Phin bn 1.0
To mi 1 on thng hp vi on thng cui ca 1 ng thng

theo 1 gc mong mun
To i tng mi c chiu di tuyt i

52
Phin bn 1.0
To i tng theo khong cch tuyt i X, Y
To mi i tng theo hng v di tuyt i

53
Phin bn 1.0
To i tng mi song song hoc thng hng vi i tng c

chn
To i tng mi vung gc vi i tng c chn

54
Phin bn 1.0
To 1 cnh mi hp vi cnh khc 1 gc tuyt i
To i tng hnh hc mi t i tng hnh hc c sn

55
Phin bn 1.0
To 1 vng cung t im cui ca on thng theo cc thng s ch

nh
4.9 T<o _i tY`ng ta _i tY`ng khc

To i tng mi t cc i tng c sn s dng cng c Trace
tool
Cng c Trace tool

dng
to i tng mi bng
cch li ng bao cc i
tng c chn.

Trace tool
56
Phin bn 1.0
Chn cng c Edit

.
Chn i tng hoc cc i tng bn mun li.
Chn cng c Trace tool trn thanh x cng c Palette.
Nhn phm O m hp thoi la chn cc c tnh ca cng c
Trace tool.
Nhp gi tr offset vo v cc iu kin khc.
To i tng mi s dng cng c Buffer

To 1 i tng mi bng khong cch vng m t nhng i tng
im, ng, vng c chn. Nhng i tng vng m c lu gi
trong Target Layer. Target Layer gm c cc kiu i tng ng, vng.
-
Chn cng c Edit

.
Chn i tng mun to vng m.
Trn thanh x Target Layer chn lp m i tng mi to s lu
vo.
Trn menu Editor chn Buffer.
Nhp khong cch to vng buffer quanh i tng v nhn Enter.
To i tng mi s dng cng c Copy Parallel

57
Phin bn 1.0
To i tng mi s dng cng c Merge

Cng c Merge cho php ghp hai i tng li vi nhau thnh mt i
tng. Hai i tng cng chung mt lp kiu i tng l line hoc
polygon. Khi i tng mi s gi li thuc tnh ca i tng c chn
trc.
-
Chn cng c Edit

.
Chn cc i tng mun ghp.
Trn thanh x Target layer chn lp i
tng s lu vo.
Chn menu Editor v chn Merge.
To i tng mi s dng cng c Union

Cng c Union cho php ghp hai i tng li vi nhau thnh mt i
tng khc. Hai i tng cng chung mt lp kiu i tng hoc l
hai lp i tng khc nhau.
-
.
Chn cng c Edit
Chn cc i tng mun ghp cng
chung mt lp hoc hai lp i tng
khc nhau.
tng s lu vo.
Chn menu Editor v chn Union.
To i tng mi s dng cng c Intersect

Cng c Intersect cho php to i tng mi t hai i tng giao
nhau. Ch thc hin trn lp i tng vng polygon.

58
Phin bn 1.0
Chn cng c Edit

.
Chn nhng i tng giao nhau v mun
to i tng mi.
tng s lu vo.
Chn menu Editor v chn Intersect.
4.10 ChWnh s5a _i tY`ng c scn
Ct i tng ng hoc i tng vng

C th d dng ct mt i tng dng ng hoc dng vng. Khi s
dng chc nng Split s ct mt i tng thnh hai i tng. Thuc tnh s
c bo ton khi to ra i tng mi. ct ng thng hay vng c rt
nhiu cch, ct theo khong cch, ct theo phn trm.

-
Ct ng thng ti mt im ct bt k
Chn cng c Edit
.
Chn ng thng cn ct.
trn thanh cng c Editor.
Chn cng c Split
Click vo ng thng chn.
Ct ng thng theo khong cch v theo phn trm trn tng chiu
di ca ng thng
- Chn cng c Edit
.
- Chn ng thng cn ct.
- Chn cng c Split trong thanh x cng c Editor, xut hin hp
thoi ch nh cc iu kin bn mun ct ng thng nh th
no.
- Chn cc iu kin cn ct.
Ct 1 ng thng thnh nhiu on thng theo khong cch chiu

di s dng cng c Proportion

59
Phin bn 1.0
Trn thanh x Editor, chn menu More editing tools m hp cng

c Advanced editing.
Hp cng c Advanced editing
.
Chn cng c Edit
Chn ng thng cn ct.
Chn cng c Proportion
xut hin hp thoi.
Nhp chiu di cc on thng mun ct.

60
Phin bn 1.0
Ct gim chiu di ca ng thng

-
Ct gim chiu di ca ng thng s dng cng c Trim tool
cho php ct ngn ng thng nm ngang qua

Cng c Trim tool
i tng c chn.
c Advanced editing.
Chn cng c Edit
.
Chn i tng no mun ct ng thng nm ngang qua chng.
Chn cng c Trim tool .
Click vo on d ca ng thng mun ct b nm ngang qua i
tng c chn.

61
Phin bn 1.0
Khc vi cng c Trim tool trong hp cng c Advanced editing cn

c mt lnh Trim trn thanh x Current task cho php ct ng thng
theo gi tr s o.
Trn thanh x Current task

chn ch Modify
feature.
.
Chn cng c Edit
Chn ng thng mun
ct.
Click phi chut trn ng
thng c chn v thy
xut hin hp thoi context
menu, sau chn lnh
Trim to Length thy hp
thoi.
Nhp gi tr s o chiu di
ca ng thng cn gi
li.
Ct i tng a thnh phn thnh tng i tng ring l s dng

cng c Explode Multi- part Feature
Ko di ng thng s dng cng c Extend tool

62
Phin bn 1.0
Cng c Extend tool

cho php ko di ng thng nm ngang
qua i tng c chn.
c Advanced editing.
Chn cng c Edit
.
Chn i tng no mun ko di ng thng nm ngang qua
chng.
Chn cng c Extend tool .
Click vo on thng b thiu ca ng thng mun ko di nm
ngang qua i tng c chn.
Ngoi cc cng c trn dng ct v ko di on thng cn c mt

lnh va dng ct v va dng ko di on thng.
- Click trn thanh x Current task v chn Extend/Trim features.
- Chn cng c Edit
.
- Chn cc i tng mun ko di hoc mun ct ngn.
- Trn thanh x Palette chn cng c Sketch tool .
- V mt ng thng hoc vng bao ti v tr mun ko di hoc ct
ngn cc i tng chn.
Ct i tng vng
C th ct mt i tng vng vi cc iu kin nh ct theo di cnh,
gc, bn knh s dng cng c Sketch tool v Sketch tool menu context
ging nh thc hin to mi i tng.
- Trn thanh x Current task chn ch Modify feature.
- Chn cng c Edit
.
- Chn i tng vng mun ct.
- Chn cng c Sketch tool v click phi chut hin menu context
thc hin cc yu cu cn ct polygon
Thm vertex
- Trn thanh x Current task chn Modify feature.
v chn ng thng hay vng (polygon) mun
- Chn cng c Edit
thm vertex vo.
- Di chuyn con tr ti ni mun thm vertex vo v click phi chut.
- Chn Insert vertex.
Xa vertex
63
Phin bn 1.0
Trn thanh x Current task chn Modify feature.

Chn cng c Edit
xa vertex.
- Di chuyn con tr ti ni mun xa vertex v click phi chut.
- Chn Delete vertex.
Di chuyn vertex
Di chuyn vertex s c ba cch lm thay i v tr ta ca chng tng
t nh thay i v tr ca mt im: ko th v tr bt k, ch nh ta
tuyt i, ch nh khong cch theo trc X,Y.
Ko th v tr bt k:
- Chn cng c Edit
di chuyn vertex.
- Click chut ln trn vertex mun di chuyn.
- Ko r vertex sang v tr khc.
- Click phi chut chn Finish sketch hoc click chut ra ngoi khi
hon thnh chnh sa.
Ch nh ta tuyt i:
- Chn cng c Edit
di chuyn vertex.
- Click phi chut chn Move to nhp ta ca vertex mun di chuyn
sang v tr khc.
- Click phi chut chn Finish sketch hoc click chut ra ngoi khi hon
thnh chnh sa.
Ch nh khong cch theo trc X,Y:
- Chn cng c Edit
di chuyn vertex.
- Click phi chut chn Move nhp khong cch ca vertex mun di
chuyn sang v tr khc.
- Click phi chut chn Finish sketch hoc click chut ra ngoi khi hon
thnh chnh sa.
-
4.11 ChWnh s5a thuc tnh

Xem bng thuc tnh
-
Trn thanh menu Editor chn

Start editing.
.
Chn cng c Edit
Chn nhng i tng mun
m bng thuc tnh.
Chn button Attributes .
Chn tn lp c cha i
tng mun xem thuc tnh.
Thm thuc tnh

64
Phin bn 1.0
- Chn field mun thm thuc tnh.

- Chn trong ct Value v nhp gi tr mun thm vo.
Xa thuc tnh
- Click phi trn gi tr mun xa.
- Chn Delete.
Chnh sa thuc tnh

Chn field mun thm thuc tnh.

Chn trong ct Value v nhp gi tr mun chnh sa vo.
Copy v paste thuc tnh
Copy v paste cc gi tr c lp t cc i tng ny sang i tng
khc
Chn gi tr thuc tnh mun copy.

Click phi gi tr ny v chn Copy.
Chn trn field kha gi tr mun paste.
Click phi field v chn Paste.
Copy v paste tt c cc gi tr t cc i tng vi nhau
Click phi trn trng kha ca i tng mun copy v chn Copy.
Click phi trn trng kha ca i tng mun paste v chn Paste.
Tt c cc gi tr ca i tng ny s a vo i tng kia.
5 Th hin k hiu cc i tng bn

Vic chn cch hin th cc i tng trn bn l rt quan trng trong
vic quyt nh thnh lp bn ca bn. Ta cn hin th cc i tng ca
bn nh th no cc i tng mang nhng thng tin tng qut n
ngi xem ch khng n thun l v tr ca cc i tng.
Trong mt s bn , ch mun hin th v tr cc i tng trong khng
gian, lm c iu ny ch cn v tt c cc i tng trn bn cng
mt k hiu. Nhng cng c mt s bn khc, cn hin th thng tin thuc
tnh bn cnh thng tin khng gian hoc hin th nhng thng tin c trng
ca chng.
Nhn chung th mt i tng bn c th hin th di nhng dng:
- Vi mt k hiu
- Loi ca i tng nh l tn (Unique value)
- M t s lng nh bn dn s (Graduate color v graduate
symbol)
- Hin th nhiu thuc tnh lin quan vi nhau (Multivariate)
Cng c th v k hiu cho cc kiu d liu nh:
- nh raster
- M hnh TIN
- Bn v CAD
5.1 Trnh by bn

Bn ch c mt k hiu

65
Phin bn 1.0
Khi cho bn hin th di mt k hiu, iu ny ch cho phn bit

c v tr ca cc i tng, cho chng ta nhn bit cc i tng ny tp
trung hay phn tn, hay nhn ton b bn c th thy c m hnh b tr
ca cc a vt. V d nh trn bn Chu s dng bn mt k hiu.
Trong mi thnh ph c k hiu bng mt du chm, c th d dng
nhn bit ni no c ngi sinh sng v c th kt lun c khu vc no
dn c tp trung ng thng qua mt du chm th hin trong khu vc.
Bn phn loi
Trong bn phn loi, hin th nhng i tng cng loi hoc cng
c tnh. V d trong bn s dng t, mi loi s dng t c th dung
mt mu c trng hin th chng. in hnh l mi gi tr s hin th mt
k hiu vi mu khc nhau.
Bn phn loi i tng s th hin:
- Cc i tng tng t nhau phn b nh th no? Chng tp trung
hay phn tn.
- Nhng loi i tng khc nhau nhng v tr khc nhau s quan h
vi nhau nh th no?
- So snh tng quan gia cc loi i tng.

66
Phin bn 1.0
Bn mu tng dn (Graduated color map)

Khi cn hin th s lng i tng trn bn , c th chn phng php
mu tng dn. Mu tng dn l tp hp mt lot k hiu m mu sc thay i
ty theo gi tr ca thuc tnh. Thng thng, mu tng dn c dung
hin th d liu c cp bc (v s nh t 1 ti 10, t thp ti cao) hoc dng
s liu x l (nh di, t l, phn trm). Bn phn b dn c s dng
m nht khc nhau ca mu sc, ti nhng ni ng dn c mu sc s
m hn. m nht ca mu sc s t l vi mt dn c.

67
Phin bn 1.0
Bn k hiu tng dn (Graduated symbol map)

Mt cch khc th hin s lng ca i tng l thay i kch thc
k hiu ca i tng. Ging nh mu tng dn, kch thc k hiu tng dn
thng th hin k hiu c cp bc v s liu di dng x l. Tuy nhin thay
v dng mu sc phn bit s khc bit th ta li dng kch thc ca
k hiu. Khi s dng chc nng ny cn phi ch ti gii hn ca kch
thc k hiu. C khi nhng k hiu qu ln s che ph nhng k hiu khc
hoc kch thc k hiu qu nh cng khng phn bit c s khc nhau
gia cc i tng.

68
Phin bn 1.0
Th hin k hiu theo nhiu tham s (Multivariate map)

Khng ging nh bn ch th hin mt thuc tnh hoc c im ca
d liu chng hn tn hoc s lng. Bn th hin k hiu theo nhiu
tham s c th hin th hai thuc tnh hoc hn cng lc. Trong cng mt thi
im c th cho hin th thuc tnh theo kch thc k hiu v gi tr duy nht
cho tn ca mi i tng.

69
Phin bn 1.0
Bn kiu raster
Hu ht d liu a l thc t m c sn u di hnh thc nh raster.
nh raster c th hin th bt k i tng no. D liu raster lm vic trong
ArcMap thng l bn scan vo hoc nh v tinh b mt tri t. Cng c
th s dng nh hng khng lm d liu nn thc cho nhng d liu khc
hoc c th s dng nh v tinh cp nht d liu bng nh raster.
Bn kiu m hnh b mt (TIN)
Mt cch biu din s lin tc ca b mt, cao ca a hnh l hin th
b mt nh l mt bn a hnh ni. Kiu bn ny hin th cao bng
cch tng dn mu v nh bng nh hoc thung lng v sn i nh l
b ngoi b mt b phn chiu nh sng.
Bn s dng d liu CAD
Ta c th s dng trc tip bn v CAD trong ArcMap m khng cn
phi chuyn nhng d liu sang nhng nh dng GIS khc. C th iu
khin ArcMap v nhng i tng mt cch chnh xc, iu ny thun li cho
mt s t chc c sn d liu CAD.
5.2 HiDn thS tdt c cc _i tY`ng theo mt k hiu

Thng thng, cc i tng trong bn khng ch cho chng ta thy
v tr khng gian ca n. Bn tng qut v tr cc i tng cho php pht
hin ra nhng qui lut v phng hng gip chng ta ra quyt nh tt hn.
V d, mt doanh nhn c bn v tr cc khch hng, khi xem xt ni m
h sinh sng s gip cho nh khinh doanh ny quyt nh mc tiu qung
co.
Mt cch d dng nhn tng qut cc i tng l hin th chng vi
mt k hiu. Khi to mt lp mi mc nh ArcMap s v vi mt k hiu.
- Trong TOC, click phi chut trn layer mun v vi mt k hiu v
chn Properties.
- Chn Symbology.
- Chn Features, bi v trong Features ch c mt mc Single symbol
nn mc nh ArcMap s chn n.
- Chn vo button Symbol thay i k hiu hin th.
- Trong hp thoi Symbol selector, chn Symbol mi hay thay i
thuc tnh ca k hiu.
- hin th phn ch thch bn cnh k hiu trong TOC nhp ch thch
vo hp thoi The label appears next to the symbol in the table of
contents.
- thay i nhanh k hiu ca layer. Trong TOC, click chut trn k
hiu ny th s xut hin hp thoi Symbol selector.
- thay i nhanh mu ca k hiu. Trong TOC, click phi chut trn
k hiu s xut hin hp thoi Color selector.

70
Phin bn 1.0
5.3 HiDn thS _i tY`ng theo lo<i

Loi l tp hp cc i tng c cng mt gi tr thuc tnh. V d, da
vo d liu tha t vi mt gi tr thuc tnh cho php m t loi t s
dng, nh l nh , khu vc kinh doanh, khu vc cng cng. C th s dng
nhng k hiu khc nhau biu tng cho mi gi tr duy nht . Bng
cch ny s cho thy v tr ca i tng v loi ca chng.
Nhn chung, hin th bn loi ny cn phi c nhng loi thuc
tnh sau:
- Thuc tnh m t tn, kiu hay c trng ca i tng.
- Thuc tnh cha kch thc hoc s lng c phn nhm.
- Thuc tnh mang tnh duy nht nh ngha i tng, nh l tn ca
quc gia, tnh.
C th cho ArcMap ch nh k hiu cho mi loi trn lc mu sc
hoc ch nh dt khot mt k hiu cho mt gi tr thuc tnh.
v i tng vi nhng k hiu ch nh, cn phi to mt kiu k hiu
trc v cha tn ca k hiu sau khi thuc tnh hin th. V d, c mt d
liu phn loi ng chnh v ng ph. Ta s c nhng k hiu kiu
ng chnh v ng ph. ArcMap s kt hp chnh xc k hiu v thuc
tnh v chng. Nhng i tng no khng c k hiu tng ng s
khng c v. Hin th d liu theo cch ny s v cng mt k hiu trn
nhng bn khc nhau.
Layer hin th nhng gi tr duy nht
chn Properties.
- Chn Symbology.
71
Phin bn 1.0
Chn Categories, mc nh ArcMap s t ng chn Categories.

Chn vo mi tn x xung trong field Value chn trng cha gi tr
mun a vo bn .
Chn vo mi tn x xung trong Color scheme v chn lc mu.
Chn Add all values.
Nu mun m t thm cho k hiu chn Label trong ct Label, nhp
vo ch thch mi.
Layer hin th i tng theo k hiu ch nh trong style

chn Properties.
- Chn Symbology.
- Chn Categories, mc nh ArcMap s t ng chn Categories.
- Chn vo Match to symbols in a style.
- Chn vo mi tn x xung trong field Value chn trng cha gi tr
mun a vo bn .
- Chn mi tn x Match to symbols in style v chn Style c cha
nhng gi tr trng vi gi tr thuc tnh. Nu Style khng c hin th
trong thanh x c th dng button Browse tm n trn a.
- Chn Match symbol.
- thm thng tin ch thch, chn Label trn ct Label nhp ch
thch mi.

72
Phin bn 1.0
Sp xp nhng gi tr duy nht

chn Properties.
- Chn Symbology.
- Click chut vo ct gi tr hin th Menu.
- Chn Reverse sorting.

73
Phin bn 1.0
5.4 Qun l lo<i _i tY`ng

Nu th hin i tng theo loi th s loi i tng s c
hin th ln bn . Vic th hin nhiu loi i tng s cho
chng ta nhn thy v tm hiu nhng qui lut phn b i tng
trn bn .
Khi hin th d liu, c th iu khin v t chc vic phn loi i
tng. Nu mun hin th t loi th c th nhm hai i tng tng t nhau
thnh mt loi. V d, nhm hai loi t s dng chi tit thnh mt loi s
dng chung. Vic nhm cc loi lm cho qui lut hin th thm r rng. Tuy
nhin mt s thng tin s b mt i.
Mc d c th gim bt s loi bng cch nhm, nhng c th lm vic
c lp trn cc nhm xc nh.
Kt hp hai hay nhiu loi thnh mt
- Trong TOC, click phi chut trn layer ang v vi phn loi i tng
duy nht mun kt hp loi v chn Properties.
- Chn tab Symbology, s thy cc loi hin th pha di.
- Chn gi tr u ta mun kt hp, gi phm Ctrl hoc phm Shift
thm gi tr mun kt hp.
- Click phi trn cc gi tr v chn Group.
Tch loi kt hp thnh tng loi
- Trong hp thoi Layer Properties, click phi trn gi tr kt hp.
- Chn Ungroup.
T chc cc loi trong nhm
74
Phin bn 1.0
Trong TOC, click phi chut trn layer ang v vi phn loi gi tr duy
nht mun t chc loi v chn Properties.
Chn tab Symbology.
Chn gi tr u mun nhm li vi nhau. Gi phm Shift hoc Ctrl
chn thm gi tr.
Click phi trn gi tr c chn, tr ti Move to heading v click New
heading.
Nhp tn Heading mi.
5.5 Cc phY ng php lfp bn dC liu Snh lY`ng

D liu nh lng l d liu m t i tng v o lng gi tr nh
lng ln ca i tng. Khng ging nh d liu phn loi, gi tr hin
th l nhng gi tr duy nht nh l tn i tng, d liu nh lng m t
nhng con s, s m, s lng, t l, dy gi tr. V d d liu m t lng
ma, dn s.
Khi hin th gi tr nh lng, c th gn cho mi gi tr mt k hiu
hoc nhm cc gi tr trong cc lp mt k hiu khc nhau. Nu bn ch c
vi gi tr c th gn cho mi gi tr mt k hiu, trong trng hp d liu c
qu nhiu cc gi tr khc nhau phi nhm chng thnh nhng lp. V d nh
phn loi d liu l bn nhit c th thy trong cc bi bo. Thay v
hin th cc gi tr c lp, th bn nhit hin th di nhng dy nhit
. Mi dy i din cho mt khong nhit no .
Ta c th nh gii hn ca mi lp v im ngt, gi tr ln v nh
trong cc lp s quyt nh c i tng no thuc v lp v cch m
bn hin th. Khi thay i cc lp s to ra nhng kiu nhn khc nhau trn
bn . Ni chung mc ch l lm sao cc i tng c c tnh tng t
nhau s trong mt lp.
Hai nhn t chnh phn loi i tng l biu phn loi s s
dng v s lp s to. Nu bit r v d liu ca mnh th c th t phn loi
cc lp, nu khng th cho ArcMap phn loi v s dng lc chun.
C bn lc c s dng ph bin l im ngt t nhin, nh lng,
chia u v lch chun.
5.6 LY`c phn lo<i chuhn

im ngt t nhin
To mt nhm i tng trn nn tng cc gi tr trong t nhin. ArcMap
s xc nh nhng im ngt tt nht cho vic to cc nhm tng t nhau
v c s khc bit gia cc nhm l ln nht.
nh lng
Mi lp s cha bng nhau s lng cc i tng. Phn loi kiu ny
ph hp cho d liu phn phi tuyn tnh. Bi v s i tng trong mi nhm
s bng nhau nn bn kt qu c th b sai lch. Cc i tng tng t
nhau c th t lin k nhau trong mt lp hoc cc i tng c gi tr khc
bit nhau xa cng c th trong cng mt lp. Ta c th gim s sai lch ny
bng cch tng s lp.
Chia u
Biu phn loi ny chia gii hn ca thuc tnh d liu thnh nhng
phn bng nhau. V d i tng c thuc tnh c gii hn t 0 n 300
75
Phin bn 1.0
mun chia d liu ny thnh 3 nhm, mi nhm s m t d liu c kch

thc trong phm vi 100 vi cc lp 0-100, 101-200, 201-300. Kiu ny p
dng cho kiu d liu c gii hn tng t nhau nh t l phn trm hoc
nhit .
lch chun
Biu phn loi ny biu din kiu gi tr d liu bin thin theo gi tr
trung bnh. ArcMap s tnh c gi tr trung bn sau to ra nhng lp
ring bit bng cch cng hoc tr lch chun. C hai dy mu dung
nhn mnh gi tr trn di gi tr trung bnh.
5.7 HiDn thS _i tY`ng bing Snh lY`ng nhY s_ @m hoMc s_

lY`ng
Khi mun th hin thng tin c bao nhiu ci ti ni no th dng kiu
hin th gi tr nh lng. Gi tr ny c th l s m, t s nh phn trm
hoc cp hng cao, thp v trung bnh.
C th hin th s lng trn bn bng cch bin thin mu hoc kch
thc k hiu dng v i tng. V d c th tng sng ti ca mu
xanh tng ng vi lng ma trn tng i tng, hoc nhng vng trn
i din cho dn s ca thnh ph, vng trn ln th dn s ng.
Ni chung, cn phn loi d liu khi hin th n. D liu phn loi nhm
cc i tng c gi tr t ng t nhau v hin th chng cng mt k hiu.
C th t chn cc lp hoc ng dng mt s lc phn loi chun
lm iu ny mt cch t ng. Mt khi xc nh cc lp c th thm, xa
hoc xc nh li phm vi cc lp.
Cng c th normalize d liu trc khi hin th chng. Khi normalize d
liu, chia n vi mt gi tr thuc tnh khc c t l ca chng. Thng
thng th gi tr t l s d hiu hn l nhng gi tr th. V d chia tng s
dn trn din tch sinh sng c s ngi sinh sng trn mt n v din
tch, iu ny ni ln mt dn c. Chia doanh thu bn hng ca mt i l
trn tng s doanh thu bn hng ta c t l doanh thu ca mi i l.

-
Hin th s lng vi mu
Trong TOC, click phi trn layer mun thc hin v chn Properties.
Chn tab Symbology.
Click Quantities, ArcMap s t ng chn mu tng dn.
Click thanh x Value v chn field mun hin th s lng cho bn .
normalize d liu, chn trn thanh x Normalization chn field.
ArcMap s chia field ny vi gi tr to t l.
Chn Ramp mu trn thanh x Color ramp.
Click trn thanh x Classes v chn s lp mun phn loi.
Chn Classify.
Chn phng php phn loi trn thanh x Method phn loi i
tng.

76

-
Phin bn 1.0
To Ramp mu cho layer

Trong TOC, cho hin th hp thoi Properties ca lp mun thc hin.
Trong tab Symbology chn Quantities.
Nhp p chut trn biu tng trn cng trong List v chn Ramp
mu bt u.
Nhp p chut trn biu tng di cng trong List v chn Ramp
mu cui cng.
C th ty chn mu cho tt c cc biu tng trong List.
Click phi chut trn mt Symbol v chn Ramp color.
Cng c th lu li Ramp mu s dng n trn Layer khc bng
cch click phi chut trn thanh x Color ramp v chn Save lu
Ramp mu li.
5.8 HiDn thS _i tY`ng theo nhiLu dC liu thuc tnh

ArcMap cho php hin th k hiu bn kt hp hai phng php
phn loi v s lng. Bng phng php ny gip cho hin th nhiu thng
tin trn bn nhng i lc gy cho ngi c kh hiu.
- Trong TOC, click phi chut trn layer, chn Properties.
- Click Symbology.
- Chn Multiple attributes.
- Trn thanh x u tin, chn field mun hin th trn bn .
- Chn mt lc mu.
- Click Add all values.
- Chn Symbol size hoc Color ramp, ph thuc vo kiu bn mun
hin th.
- Click thanh x Value v chn field mun hin th vi s lng.
.
- Click

77
Phin bn 1.0
5.9 HiDn thS _i tY`ng bing biDu

-
Trong TOC, click phi chut trn layer, chn Properties.

Click Symbology.
Chn Charts v click Pie.
Chn Field trong Field selection. C th chn nhiu Field xem
quan h gia chng.
Click vo thanh x Color scheme chn lc mu.
Click vo Size.
Chn Variation type mun s dng.
Click OK.
5.10 S5 d7ng b k hiu cUa layer khc

-
Trong TOC, click phi chut trn layer, chn Properties.

Click Symbology.
Chn Import.
Click vo la chn u tin nhp vo k hiu t mt layer khc
trong bn hoc t mt file layer (*.lyr).
Chn layer trn thanh x Layer hoc c th chn Browser chn file
layer trn a.
Click OK.

78
Phin bn 1.0
6 Hin th nhn bn vi text v graphic

Bn truyn ti nhng thng tin v v tr khng gian ca i tng. Nu
ch hin th v tr khng gian ca mt im th s khng ni ln nhng c tnh
ca im ny. V d im ny c th l mt tr in, ci cy hoc l mt im
khng ch V th i lc, cn thm mt chui, i tng ha nh
polygon, line, circle m t thm thng tin, nhn mnh thng tin. V d c
th v mt polygon quanh khu vc nghin cu, hay gn thm mt chui ln
mt ng thng m t tn ng. Mc khc, c th s dng text v
graphic tng thm tnh trnh by ca bn , nh c th lm khung, thm
dng ch tiu m t ni dung bn . Nhng graphic ny s khng lin kt
vi bt c i tng bn no c, tc l n khng c lu tr ging nh
cc i tng khng gian trong cc layer mc d cch to n tng t nh
nhng i tng ny.
Dng chui lin quan n mt i tng trong bn c gi l nhn
(label). Nhn c th nhp bng tay nu bit i tng . Nhng ArcMap
cung cp cho chng ta mt cch hin th nhn t ng thng qua cc thuc
tnh trong bng. V d nh loi t trng, tn ng, loi s dng t. Nu
lm vic vi geodatabase, c th to mt lin kt ng gia nhn v i
tng. Bng cch ny, khi di chuyn i tng th nhn s di chuyn theo,
nu xa i tng th nhn cng b xa, nu thay i gi tr m nhn tham
chiu ti th gi tr ny cng c cp nht trong nhn.
Mt cch hin th nhn khc na l maptips v hyberlink. S dng
maptips hin th mt thuc tnh trong bng khi dng chut trn i tng.
S dng hyperlink hin th nh, ti liu, bn v thit k, on phim, trang
Web hoc bt k thng tin no c lu trn h thng hoc trn Internet.
6.1 VG iDm, Y]ng thcng, vng trn

im, ng, vng, vng trn hay hnh ch nht u l nhng hnh
dng ha dng lm ni bt i tng trn bn v to nhng thnh
phn ch thch bn khi xut ra giy. Mt khi thm mt i tng ha
trn bn th c th di chuyn, thay i kch thc, thay i mu sc, sp
xp n vi i tng ha khc.
Nu nh mun thm mt i tng ha nh l mt phn ca trang in
bn th thm n vo trong layout view. Nu mun graphic hin th trong d
liu khng gian th hy thm n vo trong data view. V d, mun v mt vng
79
Phin bn 1.0
trn quanh mt i tng im nh l mt vng m. Mc d c th v n

trong layout view, tt hn nn v trc tip n trong data view. Khi pan hoc
zoom i tng trong data view th trong layout view i tng cng pan
v zoom theo.
Nu nh mun iu khin graphic thun tin hn khi graphic c v
trn bn , c th to annotation. Mt annotation l mt graphic nh text,
line, polygon nhng khng phi l thnh phn bn nh thanh t l, tiu
.
Khi a mt graphic vo data frame, c th chn annotation target m
n thm vo. Mc nh, graphic s a vo bn , v th graphic lun c
hin th. C th to mt nhm annotation lm ni cho cc graphic thm
vo. Nhm annotation ny s dng t chc mt s lng ln graphic bi
v c th tt/m chng mt cch c lp. Nu mun s dng annotation trn
bn khc, c th lu n li trong geodatabase nh l mt lp i tng
annotation. Trong trng hp ny mi annotation phi c lin kt vi mt
i tng trn bn . Lp annotation to s hin th trong TOC nh mt lp.
To mt graphic
- Trn thanh cng c Draw, chn loi
graphic mun to.
- Di chuyn chut trn mn hnh bn ,
click v r chut ty theo loi graphic
mun v.
Thanh cng c Draw

Thay i kch thc graphic
-
Chn button Select graphic trn thanh cng c Draw v chn graphic
mun thay i.
Di chuyn chut trn nhng handle mu xanh s thy biu tng
chut thay i, ty theo biu tng chut m thay i cho ph hp.
Xa graphic
-
Chn button Select graphic trn thanh cng c Draw v chn graphic
mun thay i.
Nhn phm Delete trn bn phm.
Thay i mu hoc k hiu ca graphic

-
Chn i tng bng button

Select graphic.
Nhp p chut trn graphic
hin th hp thoi
Properties.
thay i mu t trong
graphic, Click Fill color v
chn mu mi.

80
Phin bn 1.0
Chnh sa cc nh ca graphic
-
S dng button Select graphic

chn graphic.
chnh sa cc vertex, nu button ny
Chn button Edit vertices
b m th khng th chnh sa c graphic ny.
Click phi trn line chn Add vertex thm vertex, hoc click phi
trn vertex xa vertex, dng chut di chuyn vertex.
Chn ni lu tr d liu cho annotation

-
Trn thanh cng c Draw, click Drawing v chn New annotation

target.
Nhp tn annotation.
nh nhm annotation
-
Trn thanh cng c Draw, click Draw v chn Active annotation

target.
Chn nhm mun thm graphic vo.
Tt c nhng nhm annotation nh ngha hin th nh l mt danh
sch. Nhng nhm ny s c lu vo trong ti liu bn .
Chuyn i tng trong layer thnh graphic

-
Click phi trn layer trong TOC mun chuyn sang graphic v chn
Convert features to graphics.
Chn chuyn tt c cc i tng hay ch nhng i tng c
chn.
Chn nhm annotation mun a graphic vo.
Khi Convert i tng trong layer sang graphic ta c th chnh sa
nhng i tng ny trn bn . S la chn ny thng dng thay
i v tr quan h cc i tng trong v bn , nh tng qut ha,
nhng khng mun chnh sa d liu ngun m n tham chiu.
6.2 Thm text

Text th hin tnh a dng ca bn . C th s dng text ch thch
nhng i tng bn . Thng tin v h ta m bn tham chiu, tiu
m t mc ch bn .
Ta c th tc ng n v tr t text trn bn bng nhiu cch. C
th t text dc theo mt ng thng, un ln trn mt ng cong, t
trong mt hp ghi ch c km theo mi tn ch v tr m t. Text cng c th
thay i font, kch thc, mu sc, kiu hin th nu thy cn thit.
Text lin quan n i tng bn th c thm vo trong data
frame cha i tng . Text dng hin th cc yu t bn nh tiu
, ch thch, h ta tham chiu c thm vo trong layout view.
Thm text dc theo mt ng nm ngang
-
Chn button Text

trn thanh cng c
Draw.
Click chut trn bn v nhp dng k t
vo.

81
Phin bn 1.0
Thm text dc theo mt ng

cong.
-
Trn thanh Draw bn cnh

chn vo button Splined text
.
Click chut trn bn
chn nhng vertex m Spline
i qua.
Nhp p khi mun kt thc
chn vertex.
Nhp vo dng chui mi.
Thm text trong mt ch thch (CallOut)

-
Trn thanh cng c Draw,

chn vo button Callout text
.
Click chut vo im trn bn
v nhp vo dng chui.
Click chut trn button Callout
text ln na c th chnh
sa cc vertex trn Callout
box cho thch hp.
Thay i font, mu v kch thc ca text

- Chn vo button Select graphics trn thanh Draw v chn i tng
text mun thay i.
- Chn nhng button thch hp thay i thuc tnh cn thit.
Thay i chui
- Chn vo button Select graphics
trn thanh Draw v nhp p
vo i tng text mun thay i.
- Nhp dng chui mi vo hp thoi Properties.
6.3 ChKn graphic

lm vic vi graphic phi chn n trc. Mi ln chn c th nh li
kch thc, mu, hnh dng. chn c nhiu hn mt graphic, cn phi
nh ngha mt kiu chn c th lm vic ging nh l mt nhm.
C th chn graphic vi cng c select graphics. Chn mt graphic c
lp bng cch ch vo chng v chn mt nhm bng cch r mt hnh ch
nht bao quanh n. Gi phm Shift trong khi chn s chn thm nhiu graphic
hoc xa chn khi graphic ang chn.
C th d dng nhn bit c graphic ang chn bi hnh ch nht
mu xanh c cc nt iu khin bao quanh n. Khi chn nhiu i tng s
thy mt trong s graphic c chn c mu xanh nht v s cn li l mu
82
Phin bn 1.0
xanh l cy. Graphic mu xanh nht s chi phi ti nhng graphic mu xanh
l cu khi s dng chc nng sp xp. C th i graphic chi phi bng cch
gi phm Ctrl v chn ln graphic ang chn khc mun tr thnh graphic chi
phi.
Chn mt graphic
-
Chn button Select graphic

trn thanh cng c Draw.
Di chuyn chut trn graphic mun chn v click vo n.
Chn tt c cc graphic
-
Trn menu Edit chn Select all elements.
6.4 Di chuyDn, xoay v s^p x@p thX tk cc graphic

Hu ht cng vic trong khi xy dng bn u i hi phi sp xp
th t cc graphic. V d, nh hng cho nhn xung quanh cc i tng
cho ph hp trong khung d liu bn hoc v tr ca cc i tng bn
nh tiu , khung trang tr, mi tn hng Bc trn trang in.
ArcMap cung cp mt s cng c cho php nh v tr v nh hng
graphic. C th dch chuyn graphic bng cch r chng bng chut hoc khi
cn v tr chnh xc hn, c th bt chng nhch ln, xung, qua tri, qua phi.
Cc graphic c th c nh v bng cch nhp vo ta ca chng. C
th dch chuyn mt graphic ln trn mt graphic khc, xoay n hoc lt
chng theo chiu ngang hay dc.
Dch chuyn mt graphic
- Chn graphic bng button Select graphic trn thanh Draw.
- Dng chut r graphic ny ti v tr khc.
Dch chuyn graphic mt khong cch nh
-
S dng button Select graphic chn graphic mun di chuyn

chng vi mt khong cch nh.
Trn thanh cng c Draw, click Drawing, ch vo Nugde v chn
hng mun dch chuyn graphic.
Cng c th dch chuyn graphic bng cch s dng cc phm mi
tn khi chn cc graphic.

83
Phin bn 1.0
nh v tr graphic bng ch nh ta
Chn graphic v nhp p

chut trn graphic s c
hin th hp thoi Properties.
Chn vo tab Size and
Position.
Nhp ta v tr ca graphic.
Trong layout view ta nhp theo gc di bn tri ca trang in, cn

trong data view ta nhp theo khng gian m d liu tham chiu.
Th t graphic
-
Chn graphic m ta mun t n nm trn hay nm di graphic khc.

Trn thanh cng c Draw, chn Drawing, ch vo Order v la chn
loi th t mong mun.
Xoay graphic
-
Chn graphic mun xoay.

Click cng c Rotate
trn thanh cng c Draw.
Khi chn chc nng ny, s thy mt du hnh ch X trong graphic.
chnh l tm quay, c th s dng chut dch chuyn tm quay
i ch khc.

84
Phin bn 1.0
- Chn v r chut quay graphic.

Nu mun quay graphic mt gc 90 th c th s dng chc nng Rotate
left trong button Draw.
Lt graphic
-
Chn graphic mun lt.

Trn thanh Draw, ch vo Rotate of flip v chn Flip horizontally
hoc Flip vertically.
Lm cho cc graphic c cng kch thc

- Chn cc graphic mun cho cng kch thc.
- Trn thanh cng c Draw ch vo Distribute v click Make same size.
Graphic s l graphic chn sau cng, tt c cc graphic khc s c cng
graphic ny.
Nhm cc graphic
Sau khi thc hin sp xp, canh hng cc graphic khng thay i cc
v tr ca chng, ta c th nhm chng li vi nhau. Khi cn thit dch chuyn
chng th v tr tng i gia chng khng thay i.
- Chn nhng graphic mun nhm.
- Trn button Drawing chn Group.
R nhm cc graphic
-
Chn nhm graphic mun r thnh nhng i tng ring r.

Trn thanh Drawing chn Ungroup.
6.5 HiDn thS nhn

Nhn l mt dng dng m t c t gn mt hay nhiu i tng
trn bn . Nhn gip cho ngi c bn d hiu hn.
C th t nhn cho nhng i tng bng nhng cch sau:
t nhn cho mt i tng mi
Phng php ny ch cho php thm mt nhn cho tng i tng.
- Trong TOC, click phi lp mun hin th
nhn chn Properties.
- Chn tab Labels.
- Chn trn thanh x Label field v click
Field mun s dng hin th nhn.
- Click OK.

85
Phin bn 1.0
Trn thanh cng c Draw, chn button

Label features , c th click mi tn
chn loi button hin th nhn.
Click Place label at position clicked
t nhn ti v tr click. Nu chn
Automatically find best placement th
ArcMap s t ng t nhn ti v tr tt
nht.
Click Choose a style chn mt Style
thch hp.
Click chut trn i tng mun hin th
nhn. ArcMap s hin th nhn ca n.
t nhn cho tt c cc i tng trong layer

Khi mun hin th nhn cho ton b cc i tng trn mt layer hay mt
vi layer, c th s dng chc nng hin th nhn ng ca ArcMap. Vi
nhn ng ArcMap s t ng t mt nhn trn mi i tng min l
khng gian hin th m khng phi chng lp ln nhau. S lng nhn s
tng khi phng to bn .
- Trong TOC, click phi trn layer mun hin th nhn v chn
Properties.
- Click tab Labels.
- nh du check vo hp kim Label features in this layer.
- Trn thanh x Label field v chn field mun s dng hin th
nhn.

86
Phin bn 1.0
t nhn cho mt phn i tng trong layer

C th hin th nhn cho mt phn i tng trong lp. V d trong mt
lp cc qun huyn, c th hin th nhn cho nhng qun huyn no c din
tch ln hn 1.600.000m. C th to nhng tp hp i tng bng cch
truy vn gi tr bng thuc tnh.
Properties.
- Click tab Labels.
- Chn trn mi tn Method v click Define classes of features and
label each class differently.

87
Phin bn 1.0
Trn thanh x Label field chn

field mun s dng lm nhn.
Chn SQL Query.
Chn trn hp thoi SQL
Query cc php ton to
cu truy vn i tng.
Click OK.
Chn Label styles chn
kiu hin th nhn mong mun.
Nu mun to nhn cho lp
khc c th nhp Add v nhp
tn lp i tng mi.
Tng t nh cc lp trn
chn cu truy vn v kiu cho
lp ny.

88
Phin bn 1.0
6.6 QuyLn Yu tin v Snh vS tr cUa nhn

Vi ArcMap c th to c nhiu nhn m khng chng lp ln nhau
trong khng gian ca bn . Do c th pan, zoom quanh bn v
ArcMap s t ng iu chnh nhn trong khng gian c trn bn .
Khi xem d liu di t l nh s thy t nhn hn l xem d liu t l
ln. tng kh nng hin th nhn trn nhng i tng c trng v loi
ca i tng, c th ng k nhng i tng ny vi quyn u tin cao
hn. V d khi thu nh mt bn xem tn ca cc ng cao tc m
khng cn phi xem tn cc ng ni b, nu hin th ton b c hai loi
ng ny s khng c khng gian hin th nhn. C th iu khin
th t u tin vic hin th nhn trn bn trong ArcMap.
ArcMap cng cho php iu khin v tr ca nhn quan h vi i tng.
V d nh l nhn nm trn, nm di i tng. V tr ca nhn cng l
thuc vo vic cho php nhn chng lp ln nhau hay khng. Khi cho php
nhn chng lp ln nhau, c th thy nhiu nhn hn trong khng gian t
chng.
nh quyn u tin hin th nhn
-
Trong TOC, click phi trn data frame cha layer mun hin th nhn
v chn Labeling.
Chn Label Priority Ranking.
Chn layer mun thay i quyn u tin hin th nhn.
Click button mi tn ln xung nh v tr u tin ca cc lp.
Click OK.

89

Phin bn 1.0
90
Phin bn 1.0
V tr ca nhn
Properties.
- Chn tab Label.
- Chn Label placement options.
- Chn kiu v tr hin th nhn, nhng la chn ny s thay i i vi
nhng kiu d liu khc nhau (im, ng, vng).
- Click OK.
Cho php nhn chng lp ln nhau

-
Trong TOC, click phi trn layer mun hin th nhn v chn
Properties.
Chn tab Label.
Click Conflict detection rules.
nh gi tr cho nhn v i tng. Mt i tng hoc nhn c gi tr
thp c th b chng bi mt i tng c gi tr cao hn.
6.7 Xy dkng chumi cho nhn _i tY`ng

Mi lp trn bn mun hin th nhn, c th chn mt hay nhiu trng
thuc tnh to chui mun hin th. Cng c th iu khin cch m nhn
xut hin trn bn . Nu nhn ca i tng c to t hai hay nhiu
trng, c th t chui ca trng ny bn cnh chui ca trng kia hoc
ci ny trn ci kia. C mt vi chc nng nng cao cho vic hin th nhn
91
Phin bn 1.0
phi lp trnh to dng chui nhn bng ngn ng VBScript hoc

JavaScript.
S dng nhiu hn mt trng to nhn
Trong TOC, click phi trn layer mun hin th nhn v chn Properties.
Chn tab Label.
Clicl Expression.
Nhp p Label fields chn field s dng gi tr ca n hin th nhn.
Click Verify kim tra dng chui nhp c thch hp hoc ng c php
khng.
To nhn bng cch s dng Script
Trong TOC, click phi trn layer mun hin th nhn v chn
Properties.
- Chn tab Label.
- Click Expression.
- nh du check vo hp kim Advanced.
- Chn biu thc bng ngn ng VBScript hoc JavaScript.
- Chn Verify kim tra c php nhp c ng khng.
V d on m vit bng VBScript
-
Function FindLabel ([Name], [CAPITAL], [POPULATION])

FindLabel = [Name] & vbNewLine & <BOL> & [POPULATION] &
<BOL>
End Function
Kt qu
White horse
15199
6.8 In bn vVi nhn

Vi nhn ng, ArcMap lun iu chnh kch thc ca nhn hin th
hu ht nhn trong khng gian sn c. ArcMap lun nh v tr ca nhn trong
qu trnh in nhm hin th ti a nhn m n c th hin th trong khng gian
sn c.
Mt vi bn , cn phi iu khin chnh xc v tr ca nhn trn i
tng. C th s dng Print preview xem bn trc khi in. Nu nhn
nhng v tr c th chp nhn c th c th in n ra bn v. Nu qu trnh
in vn khng th hin th chnh xc kch thc mong mun c th lm theo
nhng bc sau:
- S dng nhn ng nh v tr khi u cho nhn.
- Chuyn nhn ng thnh dng ch thch trn bn .
- Dch chuyn cc ch thch ny quanh i tng v tr ca n c
chnh xc hn.
- C th tm trong hp thoi Overflow labels cc nhn m ArcMap
khng th t trn bn do khng khng gian. T hp thoi ny
chn nhng nhn v t chng trn bn .
- Mt khi t v tr cc nhn trn bn chnh xc, c th in n. Nhn
m thy trn mn hnh nh th no th trong bn v in ra nh vy.

92
Phin bn 1.0
7 Thit k trang in
Trong khi xy dng mt d n v GIS th mt thnh phn quan trng
khng th thiu trong tt c cc chng trnh GIS l to trang in. Thit k
trang in (Layout) l mt cch hin th d liu dnh cho vic xut bn trong
ArcMap. Trong , cho php sp xp cc thnh phn ca bn nh thanh
tiu , thanh t l, ghi ch, ni dung bn trn mt trang o trong Layout
View trc khi xut n ra ngoi. Bn c xut ra c th c treo trn
tng, km theo bo co, a ln trang Web Ty theo mi dng cng vic
m cc thnh phn ca bn cng khc nhau, cho nn trong ArcMap cng
c mt s mu bn c chc nng nh mt khun mu s dng khi to
bn .
7.1 T<o v s5 d7ng bn mnu

Nu nh mun to mt lot bn c cu trc ging nhau v cc thnh
phn trn bn th s dng nhng khun bn mu (Template) ca
ArcMap. S dng khun mu cho php ta khng mt nhiu thi gian cho vic
thc hin th cng vic b tr li cc thnh phn chung trn cc bn . Nu
nh s dng mt khun mu bn , s to ra mt document khng tn v
tt c cc layout c lu trong template. Mc nh tt c cc template c
cha trong th mc \Bin\Template\. Khi cc t emplate cha trong th mc
ny th n s c hin th trong hp thoi New. Cc file template c phn
ui l (*.mxt).
M mt template khi khi ng ArcMap
- Khi ng ArcMap.
- Chn Start using ArcMap with a template trong hp thoi Startup.
- Chn OK, s thy hp thoi chn Template.

- Chn mt Template.
Trong trng hp mun to mt template mi khi khi ng ArcMap
ri, ta c th nhp trn thanh menu File v chn New.
93
Phin bn 1.0
- Nu nhp button New Map File , s to mt bn rng.

To template t mt bn
Ta c th lm c iu ny nu nh bn c xy dng da trn file
Normal. Mxt.
- Click menu File v chn Save As.
- Trong thanh x Save As Type chn ArcMap Templates.
- Nhp tn ca Template mi.
Mi folder trong th mc \Bin\Template\ s c hin th mt tab trong
hp thoi New. Qua , c th phn loi c cc loi template cho cc mc
ch khc nhau. Khi to mt folder mi tng ng trong hp thoi New cng
to mt Tab mi cng tn folder.
7.2 Snh cch hiDn thS trang

Khi mun in bn , ta s lm vic trong mt trang o ca layout view.
Vic nh cu hnh mt trang in rt quan trng v n nh hng n kch
thc i tng, k hiu, nhn, v text cng nh cc thnh phn khc ca
bn . nh trang in bao gm cc cng vic:
- Kch thc trang in
- Hng ca trang in
- My in
- Phn l ca trang in

94
Phin bn 1.0
Kch thc trang in

Trong layout view click phi trn trang o v chn Page Setup.
Trn thanh x Name, chn my in mun s dng.
Trn thanh x Printer Page Size chn kch thc trang giy ph hp
bn .
- Nu chn hp kim Same As Printer nhng thng s nh hng,
kch thc s c chn ging nh trong trang in.
- Trong khung Map Setup nu chn hp kim Scale map elements
proportionally to changes in page size th khi kch thc ca trang
o v trang in khng ph hp nhau cc i tng trong bn s co
gin cho ph hp kch thc mi.
Hng trang in
- Trong layout view click phi trn trang o chn Page Setup.
- Trong khung Map Size, chn Landscape hoc Portrait nh hng
trang in.
Hin th phn l trang in
- Hin th hp thoi Page Setup.
- Chn vo hp kim Show printer margins on layout.
Chn cht lng nh khi xut bn di dng nh
- Hin th hp thoi Page Setup.

-

95
Phin bn 1.0
Trong khung Map Setup, thanh trt chn Normal. Nu mun thay i
phn gii ca nh khi xut ra chn cc mc khc n gip cho
file in c kch thc nh v my in x l nhanh hn.
7.3 Thay :i layout

Mt cch nhanh thay i cch sp xp cc i tng trn bn l
thay i layout template. Vi cch ny, chn cch sp xp cc i tng bn
theo cc khun bn c sn m khng phi mt thi gian sp xp v
nh v tr chng li.
Khi thay i template, th trang in s ch cha nhng i tng bn
c nh ngha trong template. Ngoi ra, tt c cc i tng ca trang in s
c nh dng li theo nh ngha ca template.
Chn button Change Layout

trn Layout Toolbar.
Chn Template mun s dng.
Nu c nhiu hn mt data frame, chn Next sp xp cc v tr ca
cc data frame cho ph hp.
Chn data frame mun nh v tr trn bn .
Click Move up v Move down thay i v tr ca cc data frame
cha cc layer trong .

96
Phin bn 1.0
7.4 Snh d<ng data frame

nhn mnh d liu khng gian trn bn c th thm cc khung
vin, nn sau, bng. d dng xc nh v tr cc i tng khi xem bn
c th thm li cho bn . Li ny chia data frame theo kinh tuyn v v
tuyn, li chiu hay ch nh s hng, s ct trong data frame.

-
Thm khung vin cho data frame

Trong TOC, click phi data frame v chn Properties.
Chn tab Frame.
Click thanh x Border v chn mt k hiu khung vin.
Trn thanh x Color, chn mu cho khung vin.
Nhp X,Y nh khong cch khung vin vi cnh ca data frame.
Nhp s phn trm Rounding bo trn gc ca khung.

97

-
Phin bn 1.0
Thm nn cho data frame

Tng t nh to khung vin, trong hp thoi Properties.
Chn kiu mu nn, ta X,Y ca cnh, Rounding.
Xoay d liu trong data frame
Trn menu View, chn Data Frame Tools trong Toolbars.
Chn cng c Rotate Data Frame.
Click v r chut trn data frame xoay n. Khi xoay data frame
bng cng c ny s khng lm bin i d liu gc ca n. Nu mun
xoay data frame vi mt gc chnh xc, c th nhp n trn thanh
cng c Data Frame Tools.

98
Phin bn 1.0
Data Frame Tools
7.5 HiDn thS lYVi

v c li trong data frame, chn mt trong ba loi li:
Graticules: nu nh d liu bao ph mt vng rng ln ca b mt
tri t, hin th li di dng nhng ng tng trng cho kinh v .
Measured grids: nu nh d liu ch mt vng, nh l mt quc gia
c th hin th li tng trng cho h thng ta li chiu.
Reference grids: nu nh d liu ch l mt khu vc nh mang tnh
cc b, nh l mt khu vc nghin cu. Ta c th hin th li chiu
chia data frame thnh nhng vung bi nhng hng v ct.
-
Trong TOC, nhp p vo data frame mun hin th li.

Chn tab Grids trong hp thoi Data Frame Properties.
Chn New Grid, hp thoi Grids and Graticules Wizard s xut hin.
Chn Measured Grid.
Nhp tn ca li.
Chn Next.

99
Phin bn 1.0
Chn mt kiu hin th li trong khung Appearance.

Chn Properties nh h thng li chiu cho data frame nu
khng th chn cng li chiu ca data frame cng c.
Nhp khong cch gia hai ng thng, chn Next.
Kim tra li cc trc ta v nh cch hin th, chn Next.
Chn Measured Grid Border cn s dng.
Chn kiu Measured Grid l dng tnh hay l cp nht nu data
frame c thay i.
7.6 Thm data frame

Mt bn c th c hn mt data frame c sp xp trong mt trang.
Mt bn n gin thng ch c mt data frame. Khi thm mt data frame
c nhiu cch khc nhau nh bn tng quan hoc lng vo nhau cho
ngi c bn c th xem nhiu khu vc tham chiu m so snh vi
nhau.
Thm mt data frame mi
- Trn menu Insert v click Data Frame. Sau c th thm bt k d
liu no vo trong data frame mi.
Nhn i mt data frame
- Click Data Frame chn n.
- Click menu Edit v chn Copy.
- Click Menu Edit v chn Paste.
- Sau khi paste mt data frame mi s ln data frame c, r chut
trn n v a n ti v tr khc trn trang.
S dng mt data frame ch mt v tr ca mt data frame khc

100
Phin bn 1.0
Click ln Data Frame tng qut chn n.

Click phi trn Data Frame tng qut ny v chn Properties.
Chn tab Extent Rectangle.
Chn data frame chi tit trong danh sch Other data frames v click
mi tn Send n ti danh sch Show extent rectangle for these
data frames.
Chn Frame chn khung bao ngoi data frame.
Chn cc thng s cho data frame.

101
Phin bn 1.0
7.7 S5 d7ng cc _i tY`ng ghi ch trn bn

Mt vi i tng bn c quan h vi d liu trong data frame. Hng
Bc, thanh t l, ch t l, ghi ch cc i tng trong bn cn phi thm
vo m t chi tit d liu bn .
Tiu
Mt thnh phn quan trng khng th thiu trong bn l tiu . Tiu
s m t mc ch chung ca bn c xy dng.
- Trn menu Insert chn Title.
- Nhp Title trn bn .
- Ko th Title n v tr mong mun.
- Click p ln trn Title chn Properties nh li mt s thuc tnh
lin quan n cch hin th ca thanh tiu nh Fonts, c ch,mu
sc
Hng Bc
Hng Bc ch cho bit hng ca bn
- Click menu Insert v chn North Arrow.
- Chn kiu North Arrow.
- Click OK.
- Ko v th mi tn hng Bc ti mt v tr thch hp
Thanh t l
- Click menu Insert v chn Scale Bar.
- Chn mt Scale Bar.
- Click Properties, thay i cc thuc tnh ca Scale Bar nu mun.
- Ko thanh t l ti v tr thch hp.
Ch thch
- Trn menu Insert chn Legend. Hp thoi Legend Wizard s xut
hin.
- Mc nh, tt c cc Layer s c hin th. xa b mt k hiu
no, chn n v chn mi tn bn tri b i.
- S dng mi tn Up v Down sp xp li th t cc mc k hiu.
- Chn Next. Nhp tiu ca ghi ch v nh mt s thuc tnh ca
tiu ny nh l Font, kch thc, mu sc.
- Click Next. Chn Border v mn hnh nn cho ghi ch.
- Click Next. Chn mt mc k hiu trong danh sch cc k hiu
chnh sa k hiu ca n. C th nh thuc tnh k hiu nh mong
mun.
- Click Next. nh khong cch trng gia cc k hiu. Chn Finish.
- Click p ln trn Legend chn Properties nh li mt s thuc
tnh lin quan n cch hin th ca ch thch nh Fonts, c ch,mu
sc

102
Phin bn 1.0
Tiu
Hng Bc
Ch thch
Thanh t l
Chuyn cc i tng bn thnh cc graphic
- Click phi mt i tng, nh l ghi ch, v click Convert to
Graphics.
- Click phi trn Graphic v chn Ungroup. By gi c th chnh sa
cc i tng c lp trn trang in.
7.8 Lm vic vVi cc _i tY`ng graphic

Cc i tng graphic s a vo trong trang in c dng :
Trang tr mt bn .
Nhm cc thnh phn ca bn li vi nhau.
Xc nh bn .
Nhn mnh mt phn ca bn .
Thm mt i tng ha
Click thanh x graphic trn thanh cng c Toolbar.
Chn button New Rectangle.
Click v r chut to mt graphic mong mun.
C th nhp p chut hin th hp thoi Properties thay i
cc thuc tnh thch hp.
Thm mt nh
- Trn menu Insert v chn Picture.
- Chn mt Picture c sn trn a.
- Click Open.
- Click v r chut chn v tr mun t Picture.
Thm mt i tng
- Trn menu Insert chn Object.
- Chn Create New v ch nh kiu i tng mun chn hoc chn
Create from File ch nh mt file c sn mun Insert.
- Chn OK.

-

103
Phin bn 1.0
7.9 S^p x@p v nhm cc _i tY`ng trn bn

i khi c nhiu i tng bn mun canh hng trn bn . V d
mun cnh tri ca hai ch thch thng hng vi nhau, c th dng cng c
Align trong ArcMap. tng cng chnh xc khi chn cc i tng bn
c th dng cc cng c ca ArcMap nh thc thng, ng hng
dn, li.
Thc thng
- Trong layout view, click phi trn trang in.
- Chn Rulers v Snap to Rulers trong mc Rulers.
- Khi c thanh thc thng click phi trn n v chn Option.
- Trong hp thoi Option nh c n v o trn thanh thc thng v
khong cch nh nht.
ng hng dn
- Trong layout view, click phi chut trn trang in.
- Chn Guides v Snap to Guides trong Guides. Khi di chuyn i
tng trong trang in th nhng i tng ny c th truy bt vo nhng
ng thng ny.
- Trong layout view, click chut trn thanh thc thng chn v tr mun
t thanh thc thng. Lp tc c mt ng mu xanh nh ngang
qua v tr va chn.
- Khi a cc i tng gn cc ng hng dn ny lp tc n s
c truy bt vo ng hng dn.
- Khi mun b ng hng dn, click phi chut trn thanh thc
thng ti v tr mun b ng hng dn v chn Clear.
Li truy bt
- Trong layout view, click phi trn trang in.
- Chn Grid v Snap to Grid trong Grid. Lp tc trn mn hnh Layout
c xut hin nhng chm nh c th t. l nhng v tr m cc i
tng s truy bt vo.
- Trong hp thoi Option, nh khong cch gia hai hng, ct truy bt
im.
Canh hng cc i tng
- Click mt i tng bn chn n.
- Gi phm Shift v chn cc i tng khc. Nhng i tng ny s
c chn.
- Click phi trn mt i tng chn, chn Align Center trong Align.
Nhm cc i tng
- Chn mt i tng.
- Gi phm Shift v chn cc i tng khc.
- Click phi trn mt i tng v chn Group.
- Trong trng hp, mun b nhm cc i tng c th chn
Ungroup.
7.10 In bn
Mt khi to bn chc chn rng cc thng tin c sp xp hon
chnh. Ta c th xem bn in trc khi in.
Xem trc khi in
- Trn menu File chn Print Preview.
- Xem cc thng tin c chnh xc vi my in m ta chn.
104
Phin bn 1.0
- Nu khng ng c giy, chn Page Setup nh li c giy khc.

Xut bn ra nh
Mt khi to c bn , c th xut bn thnh nhng nh dng
khc cho nhng chng trnh ng dng khc c th s dng. ArcMap cung
cp cho nhng cng c xut bn thnh nhng nh dng sau:
-
EMF (Enhanced Metafiles)

BMP (bitmap)
EPS (Encapsulated PostScript)
TIFF (Tag Image File Format)
PDF (Portable Document Format)
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
CGM ( Computer Graphics Metafile)
AI (Adobe Illustrator Format)
xut bn sang nhng nh dng khc c th lm nh sau:

- Trn menu File v chn Export Map.
- Chn ni mun lu li file JPG.
- Trn thanh x Save As Type, chn JPEG.
- Click Option, chn phn gii ca nh. phn gii cng cao cht
lng nh cng tt v kch thc file cng ln.
- Click Export.
8 To mi k hiu bn
8.1 T<o mVi k hiu Y]ng
K hiu ng c dng th hin nhng i tng dng tuyn. V
d nh mng li giao thng, cp thot nc, ng bin hoc cc mng
li kt ni khc. ng cng c dng to ng bin ngoi cho
nhng k hiu khc nh polygon, point, label
Nhp p mt k hiu dng line trong TOC, hin hp thoi Symbol
Selector. Trong hp thoi ny nhp vo Properties, hin hp thoi
Symbol Property Editor.
To k hiu ng xe la:

105
Phin bn 1.0
Trong hp thoi Line Symbol Property Editor, trong thanh x Type,

chn Cartographic Line Symbol.
iu chnh rng l 0.5 Point.
Click button Add Layer.
Trong thanh x Type, chn Hash Line.
iu chnh rng l 0.5 Point.
Trong tab Template cho php iu chnh khong cch gia cc k
hiu.
8.2 T<o mVi k hiu vng (polygon)

K hiu polygon dng v nhng i tng dng a gic nh ng
bin gii quc gia, tnh, thnh ph, t s dng, mi trng sng. in k
hiu vo polygon c nhiu dng nh lp y, nh m hoc trong sut, in k
hiu ngu nhin hoc c th t.
To k hiu in polygon dng dc
- Trong hp thoi Fill Symbol Property Editor, click thanh x Type v
chn Gradient Fill Symbol.
- Trn thanh x Style chn Circular.
- iu chnh s khong mu trong Interval v phn trm dui mu t
u ti cui.
- Click trong thanh x Color Ramp chn mu in trong Polygon.
Trong trng hp mun to bng mu khc. C th click phi trong
thanh x Color Ram ny hin menu v chn Properties. Hp thoi
Edit Color Ramp s hin ln.

106
Phin bn 1.0
8.3 T<o mVi k hiu iDm

K hiu dng im dng v nhng i tng dng im, label, hay
nhng i tng ghi ch khc. Chng dng giao hi vi nhng k hiu
khc trang tr cho line symbol, to fill polygon v nn cho k hiu dng
ch.
To mt k hiu im t mt font True Type
- Trong hp thoi Marker Symbol Property Editor, chn thanh x Type
v chn Character Marker Symbol.
- Click thanh x Font chn ESRI Default Marker.
- Click trn thanh x Character chn k hiu bt k.
- iu chnh kch thc trong hp nhp Size.

107
Phin bn 1.0
Trn tab Mask chn Halo to qung sng xung quanh k hiu mu
ca qung sng ny c th chn trong button Symbol.
- iu chnh kch thc ca qung sng trong hp nhp Size.
Tng t, c th to mt k hiu im bng mt picture dng *.bmp hay
*.emf.
-
8.4 T<o mVi k hiu text

K hiu text dng v nhn v ghi ch, n gip nh ngha hay hiu
thm v d liu ca mnh. Text cng c th l tiu , m t, ghi ch, li
thoi, thanh t l, bng Ta c th to mt k hiu text n gin hoc thm
nhng thuc tnh to nhng k hiu text thch hp hn.
To text vi bng
- Trong hp thoi Text Symbol Property Editor, click tab General.
- Chn Font.
- Trn thanh x mu, chn mu.
- Click ln tab Advanced Text.
- Click ln thanh x mu chn mu cho bng.
- Nhp vo lch X v Y cho bng so vi bng gc.
- Click OK.
8.5 Lm vic vVi bng mu

Mu sc l mt trong nhng c tnh c bn ca tt c cc k hiu v
nhng thnh phn ca bn . C th to nhng b k hiu khc nhau da
trn bng mu ny. C th s dng nhng bng mu do to ra mt cch c
lp. Trong bng mu ny a vo nhng mu thng s dng ln trn cng
v chn nhng mu thng dng vic chn mu c thun li.
-
Mu c th nh ngha bng 5 cch:

RBG: Red (), Blue (xanh dng), Green (xanh l cy)

108
Phin bn 1.0
CMYK: Cyan (mu lc lam), Magenta ( ti), Yellow (vng), Black

(en)
- HLS: Hue (sc thi), Lightness ( nht), Saturation (bo ha)
- Gray: Gray (xm), Shade ( bng), Ramp (mc )
- Name: Tn mu do Arc/Info nh ngha
nh ngha bng mu mun s dng trong bn
Click menu Tools, ch vo Styles, v click Style Manager. Trong Style

Manager c nhiu Style la chn. Nu sa i Style no th s
lm vic trn Style .
- Click vo folder Color xem nhng mu trong n.
- Click phi trn ca s mu v chn New.
- Trong ca s mu hin ln la chn mt mu v click OK, sau
nhp tn ca mu va nhp.
nh ngha mu rng trong Style Manager
-
8.6 Mt mu rmng t<o ra mt k hiu trong su_t

-
Trong hp thoi Style Manager chn Style Color.

Click phi trong ca s cha mu. Chn New v chn Gray.
Click button Arrow v chn Advanced Properties.
Check vo Color is Null.
9 Lm vic vi d liu dng bng

Thng thng, i km vi d liu khng gian ca i tng l d liu
thuc tnh. Cc d liu thuc tnh ny l nhng thnh phn m t ca cc i
tng. Ti mt im nu ch nhn vo khng gian ca chng th khng phn
109
Phin bn 1.0
bit c im ny l im khng ch hay l im o v, nu nhn vo mt

mnh t trn bn s khng bit c ai l ch s dng ca mnh t .
Qua , ta thy rng d liu thuc tnh v d liu khng gian c mi quan h
mt thit vi nhau. D liu thuc tnh c lu tr di dng bng.
Bng l mt thnh phn c s d liu cha tp hp cc hng v ct, mi
hng hay mt record s i din cho mt i tng khng gian. Mi trng
(field) hay ct s i din cho mt thnh phn thuc tnh ca i tng .
Bng c cha trong c s d liu nh Arc/Info, Access, dBase, FoxPro,
Oracle, SQL Server
Ta dng bng xem xt gi tr thuc tnh ca cc i tng khng gian
trong ArcMap. T bng ny c th chn chng trong bn , hay c th cp
nht chng khi thay i v tr hnh hc ca chng, nh khi chia nh tha hay
thay i din tch ca n.
Cc thnh phn c bn ca bng
Field
Record
Selection
Menu
Mt bng thuc tnh bao gm cc hng v ct. Trong bng ny cho
php chn trc tip bng cch tr chut vo cc record. Mi record i din
cho mt i tng khng gian. Trong bng cn c mt h thng menu cung
cp nhng thao tc trn bng.
9.1 M bng thuc tnh cUa mt layer

xem thuc tnh ca mt layer cn phi m bng thuc tnh ca layer
. Mt khi m bng thuc tnh ri th mi c th chn v tm nhng thuc
tnh c trng cho mi i tng.
M bng
- Trn TOC, click phi chut trn layer mun m bng thuc tnh.
- Chn Open Attribute Table.
ng bng
- Chn nt Close trn gc trn bn phi ca mn hnh ng ca s
bng thuc tnh.
Thm bng
Khng phi tt c d liu dng bng lin quan vi mt layer phi c lu
tr trong bng thuc tnh. C th thm d liu dng bng ny trc tip vo
110
Phin bn 1.0
bn nh mt bng. Nhng bng ny khng hin th trn bn , nhng n

nm trn danh sch trong TOC ca tab Source. Thao tc trn nhng bng
ny ging nh trn nhng bng thuc tnh i tng khng gian.
Trong tab Source cho php thy c ng dn trn mi d liu. Mi khi
thm mt bng, c th click phi trn n la chn, copy, xa hay m n.
- Chn trn tab Source trn bng TOC.
- Chn button Add Data chn bng mun thm vo.
- Trong TOC, click phi chut chn Open m n.
9.2 HiDn thS dC liu d<ng bng

D liu dng bng c hin th nhiu ni trong ArcMap. Cc layer v
bng trong ArcMap cung cp d liu dng bng cho TOC, hp thoi Identify,
hp thoi Find, Legend. V vy cch hin th d liu dng bng rt quan trng,
cn phi iu chnh hin th giao din cho ph hp.
Khi chnh sa i tng, nhng thit lp v giao din hin th d liu
thuc tnh s khng hin ra trn hp thoi Attribute. Bi v hp thoi Attribute
c thit k hin th cc thit lp ca c s d liu hn l giao din thn
thin m ta mun hin th trong bn .
Thay i rng ca ct
t tr chut ti ch phn ct.
Click v r chut thay i rng ti v tr mong mun.
Sp xp li cc ct trong bng
Click vo tiu ca ct mun sp xp.
Click v r tiu ti v tr mong mun.
Th tiu ti v tr .
Gi c nh ct
Click vo tiu ca ct mun gi c nh.
Click phi trn ct va chn v chn Freeze/Unfreeze Column.
t b danh cho ct
Nu field nm trong mt layer th click phi chut trn tab Display v
chn Properties.
- Nu field nm trong mt bng c lp th click phi chut trn tab
Source v chn Properties.
- Click tab Field. Chn hng cha field mun thay i. Ti v tr Alias
tng ng, nhp vo b danh mun nh cho field.
nh cc field c hin th

-

111
Phin bn 1.0
Nu field nm trong mt layer th click phi chut trn tab Display v

chn Properties.
- Click tab Field. Chn hng cha field mun thay i. Ti v tr u ca
mi field, chn vo hp kim nh field mun hin th.
nh cch hin th d liu dng s
- Nu field nm trong mt layer th click phi chut trn tab Display v
chn Properties.
- Click tab Field. Chn hng cha field mun thay i. Chn button
hin th hp thoi Number Format.
- Chn kiu hin th mun nh trong field.
- Click OK.
9.3 iLu khiDn giao din cUa bng

nh kch thc v font ch ca text trong bng

Click Options di gc phi trong bng v chn Appearance.
Click vo thanh x Table Font v chn font mun hin th.
Click vo thanh x Table Font Size v chn kch thc mun hin th.
Click OK.
nh kch thc v font ch ca text cho tt c cc bng
Click vo menu Tool v chn Option.
Chn tab Table.
Click vo thanh x Table Font v chn font mun hin th.
Click vo thanh x Table Font Size v chn kch thc mun hin th.
Click OK.
nh mu chn cho bng

112
Phin bn 1.0
Click Options di gc phi trong bng v chn Appearance.

Trong thanh x Selection Color click vo mu mun s dng.
Trong thanh x Highlight Color click vo mu mun s dng khi chn
trong bng ch hin th cc i tng chn.
Click OK.
9.4 S^p x@p cc record

Sp xp li cc record cho php hnh dung cc thng tin mt cch c
qui lut hn. V d khi c mt s lng thng tin ln vic xem hest cc gi tr
thng tin s mt nhiu thi gian. Sau khi sp xp li cc thng tin theo gi tr
tng dn day gim dn, s thy c gi tr ln nht hay nh nht.
C th sp li da theo nhiu trng. Trong trng hp ny cn phi
sp xp li th t ca cc trng theo th t sp xp l t tri sang phi. Khi
sp xp li chng chn trng th nht sp xp, khi gp nhng gi tr
trng nhau trn trng th nht th s c sp xp tip tc trn trng th
hai.
Sp xp cc record theo mt trng
- Click trn tiu ca ct cn sp xp.
- Click phi chut trn trng ny chn kiu sp xp Sort
Ascending hoc Sort Descending.
Sp xp cc record theo nhiu trng
- Sp xp li cc trng theo th t u tin. Ct no sp xp trc s
bn tri ca ct sp xp th hai.
- Chn tiu ca ct th nht mun sp xp.
- Nhn Ctrl v chn tiu ca ct tip theo.
- Tng t, c th chn tt c cc ct mun sp xp.
- Click phi chut trn nhng ct sp xp v chn kiu sp xp Sort
Ascending hay Sort Descending.
9.5 ChKn _i tY`ng trong bng

C nhiu cch chn i tng trong ArcMap. Mt trong cc cch chn
i tng l thng qua bng thuc tnh. Ta c th trc tip chn i tng
trong bng, hoc c th chn thng qua mt vi iu kin truy vn. T nhng
record chn c th to mt layer hay bng mi.
Trc tip chn record trn bng
- M bng thuc tnh ca layer.
- Click vo cc ct bn tri ca bng chn i tng.
- Nu mun chn nhiu i tng lin tip th nhn phm Ctrl khi chn,
v khi chn nhng i tng ri rc th cng nhn phm Ctrl.
Click here
to select

113
Phin bn 1.0
Chn record trong bng theo nhng thuc tnh

- Click Options di gc phi trong bng Table mun thc hin truy
vn v chn Select By Attributes.
- Trn thanh x Method, chn phng thc chn i tng.
- Click p vo Field mun chn.
- Chn ton t Logic tng ng.
- Click vo button Get Unique Values, click p vo gi tr mun chn.
Hoc c th nhp gi tr trc tip vo biu thc.
- Click Verify kim tra li biu thc truy vn c hp l khng.
- Click Close.

-
Chn tt c record
Click Options v chn Select All.
B chn cc record
Click Options v chn Clear Selection.
Hon i record chn
Click Options v chn Switch Selection.
9.6 T<o bng mVi vVi cc record chKn

Trong ArcMap, ta c th xut cc record chn trong bng Table. Khi
cn chnh sa cc record m khng thay i ngun d liu ca n, c th
xut n sang mt bng mi. Ta c th to c mt s nh dng bng sau:
- dBase
- INFO
- Bng ca geodatabase
- File text
Xut i tng
114
Phin bn 1.0
M bng thuc tnh.

Click Options v chn Export.
Trn thanh x Export chn kiu xut i tng Selected Records
hoc All Records.
Click Browse chn th mc hay Geodatabase mun i tng
c xut lu vo.
Trn thanh x Save Type chn kiu nh dng mun xut d liu.
Nhp tn ca bng mun xut.
Click Save.
9.7 Thm v xa field, record

Khi m mt bng cn sp xp li th t cc ct. V d, c th tng hay
gim rng ca ct cho ph hp hay n i mt ct, sp xp li cc record
theo th t tng dn hay gim dn da trn mt hay nhiu ct. Ta c th
thm hoc xa ct nu c quyn truy cp v vit trn d liu . Khng
trong trng thi chnh sa ca ArcMap (Stop Editing) v khng c mt
chng trnh no truy cp ti bng ny.
Thm field (ct)
- Chn Options trn bng mun thm field.
- Chn Add Field.
- Nhp tn ca Field.
- Trn thanh x Type chn kiu d liu cn lu tr.
- nh cc thuc tnh ca field nu thy cn thit.
- Click OK.

-
Xa field (ct)
Click phi trn u ca field trong bng mun xa field.
Chn Delete Field.
Chn Yes cho hp thoi mun xc nhn bn c mun xa field.

115
Phin bn 1.0
Trong qu trnh thc hin thao tc chnh sa trn bng, c th chnh sa

bng bng nhiu cch. C th to mt record mi hay xa mt record c
sn, chnh sa nhng gi tr trn nhng record, copy hay paste cc gi tr
gia cc record. lm iu ny cn phi chn Start Editing trn thanh
cng c Editor.

-
Thm record (hng)

Chn Start Editing trn thanh cng c Editor.
M bng mun thm Record.
Chn vo button Move to End . Khi , s thy mt Record trng
c t ng thm vo.
Record trng
Move to End

-
Xa Record
Sau khi Start Editing trn thanh cng c Editor.
Click phi trn Record mun xa v chn Delete.
Copy v Paste gi tr
Chn gi tr trn bng mun copy.
Click phi chut trn gi tr mun copy v chn Copy.
Click phi chut trn mun paste gi tr v chn Paste.
9.8 Tnh ton trn field

Nhp gi tr mi bng keyboard khng phi l cch duy nht chnh
sa d liu. C mt s trng hp phi thc hin tnh ton gi tr trn mt
trng hoc c th chnh sa ng lot trn mt s record nh trc.
Tnh ton gi tr trn field cng cho thc hin cng vic tnh ton bng
cch s dng nhng cu lnh ca VBScript chn lc d liu trc khi tnh
ton. Cng c th lu li cch la chn trn mt file khc nhng project c
th s dng.

116
Phin bn 1.0
Tnh ton n gin

- Chn nhng Record mun cp nht.
- Click phi trn tiu ca field mun thc hin tnh ton. Chn
Calculate Value, hp thoi Calculate Value s c hin ra.
- Chn mt field khc trn bng nu nh mun tnh ton record ca
trng ny bng mt trng khc. T nhng gi tr trng ny cng
c th thc hin mt s hm to mt gi tr mi. Khi thc hin tnh
ton, ty theo loi d liu chn kiu hm.
Tnh ton phc tp

- Chn trng mun thc hin tnh ton.
- Nu mun tnh ton trn mt s record th chn n. Ngc li ArcMap
s tnh ton ton b cc record.
- Click phi trn tn field v chn Calculate Values.
- Chn vo hp kim Advance.
- Nhp nhng cu lnh VBScript vo trong hp Text.
- Nhp vo gi tr hoc bin m nhng Record Select c chn bng.
9.9 Join v Relate

Phn ln cc d liu c t chc di dng nhiu bng lin kt vi
nhau. Cc bng ny c xy dng theo nhng i tng lin quan ca c
s d liu. Mc du, c th xu dng tt c c s d liu trong mt bng.
iu ny lm cho d liu tr nn d tha v chim dung lng rt ln. V th
vi cc bng ring bit nhau khi cn thit ch cn join chng li vi nhau
chn thng tin.

117
Phin bn 1.0
Join c xy dng trn nguyn tc gi tr ging nhau c c trn c

hai bng. Tn field c th khc nhau nhng gi tr trong n phi ging nhau.
C th join d liu bng cc gi tr dng string ti string, s ti s. Khi join th
gi tr trong nhng ct Join khng c thay i. Ta ch c th thay i gi tr
trong bng ngun v n s t ng cp nht trong bng join.
Khi join i tng s thit lp cc quan h gia cc gi tr trong bng.
Quan h ny c th l mt mt, nhiu mt.
Ta c th ni cc d liu t nhng d liu c sn trong ArcMap. C hai
loi join :
- V tr
- Thuc tnh
Khi cc layer trn bn khng chia s nhau cc field chung th c th
thc hin join chng li vi nhau bng khng gian. Ci ny gi l join theo v
tr. Ta c th join theo nhiu cch :
- Tm i tng gn nht ca i tng ny.
- Tm i tng nm trong i tng ny.
- Tm i tng giao vi i tng ny.
Bn cnh join cn c mt dng quan h khc na l relate. Khng ging
nh join, relate khng ni d liu trong hai bng li vi nhau. N ch n gin
to mt mi quan h gia hai bng bng cch chn i tng c gi tr ging
nhau trong hai bng m thi. V d : mi tnh trong mt quc gia c th c
nhiu phng, qun huyn, khi chn i tng tnh th theo quan h tt c
cc qun huyn trong tnh s c chn.
Relate c th to quan h gia cc bng theo quan h mt nhiu hoc
nhiu nhiu
Join gi tr gia hai bng
- Click phi trn Layer hoc bng mun join, chn Joins and Relates
v click Join.
- Chn Join attributes from a table trong thanh x u tin.
- Click trn thanh x th hai chn Field ca Layer m Join s ni gi
tr ti.
- Click trn thanh x th ba chn bng s Join.
- Trn thanh x th t, chn field ca bng s Join.
- Click OK.

118

Phin bn 1.0
119

-
Phin bn 1.0
Xa b join
Click phi trn Layer mun b Join. Tr chut ti Joins and Relates.
Tr chut ti Remove Joins v chn Join mun xa.
To relate gia hai bng
Click phi trn Layer hoc bng mun to Relate, chn Joins and
Relates v chn Relate.
Trn thanh x u tin, chn Field to Relate.
Trn thanh x th hai, chn Layer hoc bng s Relate.
Trn thanh x th ba, chn Field trong Layer hoc bng s Relate.
Nhp tn Relate trong hp thoi.
Click OK.

120
Phin bn 1.0
Truy cp i tng qua relate

M bng m nh Relate.
Chn nhng Record mun hin th Relate.
Click vo menu Options, tr chut v Relates v chn Relate cn
thit.
Qun l join v relate
- Click phi chut trn Layer hoc bng mun qun l Join v Relate,
chn Properties.
- Chn tab Joins & Relates.

-
10 To biu cho d liu thuc tnh

Biu dng hin th thng tin v cc i tng bn v quan h
gia chng mt cch thu ht, d hiu hn. N c th hin th thm thng tin
v i tng trn bn hoc hin th vi cng mt thng tin nhng vi
nhng cch khc nhau. Biu c b sung trn bn bi v n c th
truyn t nhng thng tin. M hiu nhng thng tin c th mt nhiu
thi gian tm tt v tng kt. V d, c th nhanh chng so snh s lng
nhng i tng vi nhng thuc tnh c trng. Thng tin hin th trn biu
c ly trc tip t bng thuc tnh trong d liu a l ca ta, mt khi
to c biu c th d dng in n hay a n vo bn .
10.1 KiDu biDu

C th chn loi biu mt chiu hay hai chiu. Mt vi biu hin
th thng tin dng ny tt hn dng kia, nn cn dng chng cho ph hp.
Mi biu c hin th thuc tnh c th chnh sa li khi thy cn. Cn phi
th nghim hin th thng tin trn nhiu loi kiu biu khc nhau chn
kiu hin th m thng tin truyn t hiu qu nht.
121
Phin bn 1.0
10.2 T<o biDu

to mt biu cn phi quyt nh loi biu m ta thy cn. Ta
c th hin th ton b i tng hoc ch mt phn i tng c chn.
Mt s biu c gii hn s lng i tng hin th. Mt khi, ng biu
th khng th chnh sa n c na. Trong mt biu th c th hin th
hn mt field gi tr, th t chn ca field s tng ng khi hin th trn biu
.
Trong mt vi trng hp c th to mt biu th hai gi l biu
chng lp, nm trn mt biu chnh khc. Mt biu chng lp l biu
dng ng m s dng trc X cng vi biu chnh.
- Click trn menu Tools v chn Graphs.
- Click Next.
- Trn thanh x Layer/Table chn bng hay lp mun to Graph.

122
Phin bn 1.0
Nu mun to biu cho nhng i tng chn Use Selected Set.

Chn kiu biu mun hin th.
Sau cc trc X,Y tng ng vi cc trc. Chn Create biu
c to.
Sau khi to c biu , nu mun to mt biu ph ln biu
sn c c th click phi trn Graph Viewer v chn Properties.
Chn tab Overlay. Tab Overlay ch s dng vi mt s dng biu
nh Line, Bar, Area, High-low-close, v Candlestick graphs.
10.3 HiDn thS biDu

Trong khi ang lm vic vi biu trong bn , c th chn xem
chng trong mt ca s bn cnh ca s ArcMap. Biu l mt i tng
ng, chng c th t ng cp nht nu thay i i tng c chn trong
layer.
Thm th trong layout
- Click phi chut trn thanh tiu ca ca s biu v chn Show
on Layout.
Cp nht biu khi i tng chn thay i
- Click phi trn thanh tiu ca ca s biu v chn Reload
Automatically.
- Khi Reload Automatically c chn, th s cp nht khi no thay
i i tng c chn. Ngc li nu khng chn s c mt biu
tnh.
10.4 ChWnh s5a biDu

C th chnh sa hu ht cc thuc tnh lin quan n hin th biu
hiu qu. V d c th chn li kiu d liu, thm tiu , tn h trc, thay i
mu ca biu . Phi hiu chnh tt c cc thuc tnh ca biu trc khi
ng ca s Graph Viewer.
123
Phin bn 1.0
Khi ng biu c th lu biu trn a, nhng khng th thay i

c cch hin th ca n. lm c iu ny phi to li biu .

-
Thay i kiu biu

Click phi trn thanh tiu ca ca s th v chn Properties.
Chn tab Type.
Chn kiu biu mun s dng.
Thm ghi ch cho biu
Chn tab Appearance.
Chn Show Legend v chn mt v tr Legend.
iu khin cc trc X,Y,Z ca th
Chn tab Appearance.
Chn Advanced Options.
Chn tab Axis.
Chn trc mun thay i. nh v tr ca trc.
nh t l, gii hn, gc ta .
Ty chn, chn vo hp kim hin th cc im TIC v li trn th.

124
Phin bn 1.0
10.5 Qun l biDu

Trong bn c th cha vi biu . gip qun l chng, c th s
dng Graph Manager. Vi hp thoi ny c th m mt biu , a n vo
trong layout xa n, i tn n.
M mt biu
- Trn menu Tool, chn Manage trong Graph.
- Chn biu mun m.
- Chn Open.
Xa mt biu
- Trn menu Tool, chn Manage trong Graph.
- Chn biu mun m.
- Chn Remove.
10.6 LYu v m biDu

Nu mun to mt bn copy ca biu to trn bn v t n trn
mt bn khc, lu n li trn a. Khi no cn thit th s dng n, c th
m n trn mt bn khc v t n ni thch hp.
Tt c cc thuc tnh nh cho biu s c gi nguyn khi lu n
trn a. Khi m n ln trong mt bn no khc, ArcMap s hi ni lu
tr cc lp lin quan n th. Nu khng chn, ArcMap s vn hin th,
nhng khng thay i c cc i tng trong th.
Lu biu
- Click phi trn thanh tiu ca ca s th v chn Save.
- Chn ni mun lu v nhp tn ca biu .
- Click Save.
M biu
125
Phin bn 1.0
Click phi trn thanh tiu ca ca s th v chn Load.

Chn ni m c lu biu v chn n.
Click Open.
10.7 Xudt biDu

Khi mun s dng biu sang nhng chng trnh khc. C th xut n
thnh mt file vi nh dng: Bitmap (*.bmp), JPEG (*.jpg), GIF (*.gif), v
Windows metafile (*.wmf). C th copy v paste biu trong Window nh l
mt file Bitmap.
- Click phi trn thanh tiu ca ca s th v chn Export.
- Chn v tr mun lu.
- Nhp tn ca th.
- Chn kiu d liu xut.
- Click Save.
11 To bo co
Mt bo co hin th thng tin vi dng bng v i tng th thu ht hn.
Bo co c xut pht t bng thuc tnh trn bn . C th chn field
mun hin th v cch hin th chng. Mt khi to bo co c th n trong
phn trang in hay xut sang mt nh dng khc nh PDF.
11.1 T<o bo co
Mt bo co cho php t chc v hin th d liu dng bng lin h vi
i tng khng gian. C th in bo co ny hoc trnh by n trong layout.
C th la chn vic hin th ton b i tng hay ch mt phn khi hin th.
Mt bo co th c nhiu thuc tnh khi to n. Thuc tnh ny c th l font,
kch thc font, mu sc hay l kiu bo co mun to.
C hai phng php to bo co:
S dng nhng cng c to bo co c sn ca ArcMap
S dng cng c ny c th to ra nhng bo co m lu trc tip trong
bn . Mt khi to c bo co, c th a n vo trang in bn v in
n ra ngoi.
S dng Seagates Crystal Report 8
ArcMap cng kt hp vi Seagates Crystal Report 8. Seagates Crystal
Report 8 to nhanh chng cc bo co c kiu trnh by a dng trong bn
hay phn pht sang cc chng trnh khc.
- Trn menu Tools chn Report.
- Trn tab Fields, chn thanh x Layer/Table v chn bng hay layer
mun to report.
chn
- Trong list Available Fields click p hoc chn button
Field no mun n hin th trong bo co, nu mun chn tt c cc
Field hin th trong bo co th chn button
. Use Selected
Set c nh du check khi c vi i tng c chn.
- Chn mi tn ln xung nh th t ca cc field.
- Chn tab Display.
- Chn Settings v chn Elements.
- Chn vo hp kim Title thm title vo report.
- nh cc thuc tnh hin th chui v kiu tiu ca bo co.
126
Phin bn 1.0
Chn Show Settings xem bo co.

Chn Generate Report.
v tr trn cng ca Report Viewer, chn Add thm bo co vo
trang in.
11.2 Lm vic vVi field

Cc thng tin hin th trong bo co nn tng chnh l cc field c
chn. Khi chn cc field ny c th nh th t ca cc field xut hin trong
bo co. Tn ca cc field hin th trong bo co cng tn vi tn ca n
trong d liu. Tuy nhin thng thng cc tn ca field c vit tt hay kh
hiu m t thuc tnh nh trong field. C th thay th tn ca field vi mt
dng m t lm r ngha ca cc thuc tnh hn.
Hin th tn field
- Chn tab Display trong hp thoi Report Properties.
- Chn Elements.
- Chn vo hp kim Field Names hin th tn field trong bo co.
Tn ca field s hin th trn cng cc gi tr i vi bo co dng
bng hoc bn tri cc gi tr trong bo co dng ct.
- Chn thuc tnh Section v chn mi tn chn Top of Report hoc
Top of Each Page.
t b danh (Alias) ca field
- Click Fields v chn field mun t b danh.
- Click p vo thuc tnh Text v nhp b danh cho field. B danh ca
field ch xut hin trong bo co.
127

-
Phin bn 1.0
nh rng hin th ca field

Chn tab Display trong hp thoi Report Properties.
Click Fields v chn Field mun nh rng hin th.
Click p vo thuc tnh Width v nhp rng mun hin th.
Tng khong cch gia cc field trong bo co
Chn tab Display trong hp thoi Report Properties.
Chn Elements.
Chn vo hp kim Field Names.
Click p Spacing v nhp vo khong cch ngang bng inch.
11.3 T: chXc dC liu trong bo co

Mt chc nng tin tin ca vic hin th bo co trong ArcMap l c th
sp xp cc record gi tr tng dn hay gim dn, nhm cc record li vi
nhau v thc hin cc php tnh thng k tm tt a cc gi tr ny vo
bo co.
Sp xp cc record
- Click tab Sort trong hp thoi Report Properties.
- Chn Field sp xp trong ct Sort.
- Chn Ascending (tng), Descending (gim), hay None.
- Nu mun sp xp cc field khc, c th click chng v chn phng
php sp xp. ArcMap s sp xp cc field theo gi tr th t (Order)
chn.
Nhm cc record
- Chn tab Group trong hp thoi Report Properties.
- Click p vo Field mun s dng nhm cc d liu.
128
Phin bn 1.0
Click Grouping Interval v chn phng php nhm d liu.

Chn Ascending hoc Descending cho phng php sp xp.
Chn vo hp kim Include Group Fields lp li gi tr nhm
trong hin th bo co.
Tnh cc gi tr thng k
- Chn tab Summary trong hp thoi Report Properties.
- Chn mi tn trn thanh x Available Sections v chn Section
mun thc hin thng k thm vo trong bo co.
- Chn cc hp kim trn cc trng gi tr mun tnh.
-
11.4 Thm _i tY`ng vo bo co

gip to bo co c thu ht, ArcMap cung cp cng c thm
cc i tng nh tiu , s trang, ngy hin hnh, nh, li ch thch cui
trang trong bo co.
Thm tiu
- Chn Elements.
- nh du check vo hp kim Title.
- Click p vo Text v nhp vo tiu ca bo co.
- Sau , c th chn cc thuc tnh hin th cho tiu hin th nh th
no trong bo co nh l font, kch thc, mu nn
Thm s trang
- Chn Elements.
- nh du check vo hp kim Page Numbering.
- Chn vo Section v chn vo mi tn ca thanh x chn Top of
Page hoc Bottom of Page.
- Chn Font v kch thc ca chui hin th s trang.
Thm li ch thch cho mi trang
- Chn Elements.
- nh du check vo hp kim Page Footnote or Report Footnote.
- Click p vo Text v nhp li ch thch cho mi trang.
- Chn cc thuc tnh Font, kch thc, mu cho li ch thch.
11.5 iLu khiDn cch hiDn thS bo co

Xem bo co
- Chn Show Settings trong hp thoi Report Properties. Hp thoi s
gin rng hin th cho xem trc bo co.
- Mt khi chnh sa cc thuc tnh ca bo co, chn Update Settings
cp nht nhng thay i trn hp thoi.
T bng record trong bo co
- Chn Report.
- Click Record.
- Chn Shade Records, trn thanh x chn kiu t bng.
- Chn Shade Color chn mu t bng.

129
Phin bn 1.0
11.6 LYu v m bo co
Nu mun copy mt bo co to trn bn v m n trong mt bn
khc c th lu n li thnh mt file trn a. Sau c th m n ln trn
mt bn khc v t n mt v tr thch hp. Khi lu mt bo co thnh
mt file th to mt bo co tnh, khng lin kt vi d liu to bo co.
Khng th chnh sa bo co ny.
Ngoi ra c th xut nhng bo co ny sang nhng nh dng khc
nh:

-
Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF)

Rich Text Format (RTF)
Plain text (TXT)
Lu thnh mt file
Click Save trong hp thoi Report Properties.
Click trn thanh x Save v chn v tr mun Save bo co trn a.
Nhp tn bo co.
Chn Save.
M mt file bo co
Click Load trong hp thoi Report Properties.
Click trn thanh x Look in tm v tr file bo co.
Chn bo co.
Chn Open.
Xut bo co thnh nh dng khc
Click Generate Report trong hp thoi Report Properties.
M ca s Report Viewer v chn Export.
Click trn thanh x Save v chn v tr mun Save bo co trn a.
Nhp tn ca bo co.
Chn kiu nh dng ca bo co s xut ra.
Chn Save.

130
Phin bn 1.0
12 Truy vn d liu bn
Thng thng khi xem bn th khng thng tin cho cng vic, cn
phi thc hin truy vn da trn thuc tnh v khng gian gii quyt vn
. Chc nng truy vn l mt chc nng khng th thiu c trong bt k
mt chng trnh GIS no. Vic truy vn s cho nhng thng tin chn lc
trong mt khi lng thng tin khng l. ArcMap cung cp cho nhng cng
c a dng duyt bn v ly nhng thng tin cn thit.
i tng c th c tm bng cch tm tn ca chng hoc s dng
nhng biu thc SQL vi mt s iu kin chn thng tin. Cng c th tm
nhng i tng thng qua quan h ca chng vi nhng i tng khc v
cng c th kt hp truy vn thuc tnh ln khng gian thc hin nhng
tm kim phc tp.
Mt khi tm c nhng i tng, c th hin th thuc tnh v thng k
chng, to bo co, to th hoc xut chng sang mt lp khc.
12.1 ChKn _i tY`ng trn bn

i tng c th c chn bng cch click vo chng hoc c th r
chut to thnh mt hp ch nht bao quanh chng. Trc khi chn i
tng cn phi thit lp phng thc chn, lp chn i tng. iu ny s
thun tin cho vic chn khi cc i tng chng lp ln nhau hoc chng
qu gn nhau. Cng c th chn i tng bng cch chn nhng record
trong bng thuc tnh. Khi chn i tng th nhng record trong bng tng
ng vi i tng s c ni bt.
Trc khi chn i tng, cn phi thit lp cc lp s chn. Chn trn
menu selection, trong menu x xung chn Set Selectable Layers v chn
nhng lp mun chn. Trong thanh menu ny chn phng thc chn bng
cch click vo Interactive selection Method, sau chn Create New
Selection hay phng thc khc.
- Create New Selection: to la chn mi.
- Add to Current Selection: thm i tng chn trn nhng i tng
chn hin hnh.
- Remove from Current Selection: b chn i tng trn nhng i
tng chn hin hnh.
- Select from Current Selection: chn t nhng i tng chn hin
hnh.
Chn i tng trn bn
- Click button Select Features trn thanh cng c Tools.
- Chn i tng bng cch click chut trn chng.
- chn thm i tng c th nhn phm Shift trong khi chn chng.
- b chn c th chn phng thc chn Remove From Current
Selection trn menu Selection.
Chn bng cch v hp ch nht quanh i tng
chn i tng cn ch nh r cch tng tc chn i tng bng
cch trn thanh menu Selection chn Option.
- Chn button Select Features trn thanh cng c Tool.
- V mt hp quanh i tng mun chn, nu mun chn thm i
tng th gi phm Shift.

131
Phin bn 1.0
Chn i tng trn bng thuc tnh

- M bng thuc tnh bng cch click phi chut trn lp i tng trong
TOC v chn Open Attribute Table.
- Chn i tng trn bng bng cch click phi chut trn bn tri
ngoi cng ca Record.
- chn thm i tng, gi phm Ctrl khi chn. b chn i tng
cng gi phm Ctrl v click i tng mt ln na.
Khi chn i tng, s thy c mt ng vin mu xanh chung quanh
i tng chn. Mc nh ArcMap s chn l mu xanh, c th thay i mu
ca i tng c chn trong hp thoi Selection Option, mu c chn
trong hp thoi ny p dng cho tt c cc lp. Ngoi ra, cng c th nh
mu chn cho tng lp bng cch:
- Click p vo lp mun thay i mu c chn.
- Trong hp thoi Layer Properties chn tab Selection.
Trong tab ny c 3 mc chn
- Mc u tin l s dng mu mc nh chn trong hp thoi
Selection Option.
- Mc th hai cho php chn mu xung quanh i tng khi lp c
chn.
- Mc cui cng cho thay i mu ca i tng khi chn.

132
Phin bn 1.0
Mt khi chn i tng, c th phng i chng xem r hn hoc xem

thuc tnh hay thng k chng. Qua , c th xut nhng bo co hay to
biu cho nhng i tng c chn.
-
xem nhng i tng c chn, click phi trn Layer ca chng

trong TOC. Trong menu x xung s thy mc Selection, trong mc
ny chn Zoom to Selected Features.
xem bng thuc tnh ca nhng i tng chn. Click phi chut
chn Open Attribute Table, trn hp thoi ny chn button
Selected.
12.2 Xudt _i tY`ng Y`c chKn

C th xut nhng i tng c chn thnh mt lp mi. Cho d d
liu hin thij di nhng nh dng nh th no i na cng c th copy n
thnh mt shapefile mi hay a n vo trong geodatabase.
-
Chn i tng trn lp bng cc phng php chn.

Click phi chut trn lp mun xut v chn Export Data trong Data.
Trong hp thoi Browse c th chn ni lu gi file mun Export.
Nu mun file xut ra l mt shapefile c th ch ra mt th mc. Nu
mun xut mt geodatabase th ch mt geodatabase c sn.
12.3 T<o lin k@t dC liu vVi _i tY`ng

Ngoi vic hin th d liu kiu khng gian trn bn ArcMap cn cung
cp cho mt s cch hin th thng tin trn bn bng cch s dng MapTip
v Hyperlink.

133
Phin bn 1.0
Vi MapTip l mt khung text nh s c hin th khi a chut trn

i tng. Thng tin hin th c nh l mt trng no trong bng
thuc tnh.
Vi Hyperlink cho php hin th thng tin cha trong nhng ti liu hay
dng mt trang Web. C th xem ti liu ny ging nh xem bn hoc c
th la chn cch lu lin kt ny.
Hin th MapTip
- Click phi chut trn Layer mun hin th MapTip v chn Properties.
- Chn tab Display v nh du check vo Show MapTip.
- Click tab Field.
- Click ln thanh x Primary display Field chn Field mun hin th
MapTip. Click OK.
- Khi di chuyn chut trn nhng i tng trn bn s thy khung
Text hin th Field c chn.
To Hyperlink
to mt Hyperlink c hai cch:
Cch th nht l thng tin Hyperlink s c lu trong document ca bn
- S dng cng c Identify click ln i tng bt k. Trong hp thoi

Identify click phi chut v chn Add Hyperlink.
- Trong hp thoi Add Hyperlink chn Link to a Document hay Link to
URL v chn ti liu tng ng.
Cch th hai l thng tin Hyperlink s c lu trong mt field thuc tnh
bn . Vi cch ny ch cn nhp ng dn ti ti liu hay mt trang Web
no trong mt field trong bng thuc tnh ca bn .
Hin th Hyperlink
- Trong TOC, chn Layer v hin th hp thoi Properties.
- Click tab Display.
- nh du vo hp kim Support Hyperlinks using Field click trn
thanh x chn Field s hin th Hyperlink.
- La chn mt trong hai cch hin th Hyperlink hay Document.
- Sau khi click OK chn button Hyperlink trong thanh cng c Tool.
- Click chut trn mt i tng bt k trong lp i tng s hin th
c ti liu tng ng.
12.4 Tm _i tY`ng thng qua biDu thXc truy vdn SQL

SQL l mt ngn ng chun trn my tnh dnh cho vic truy cp v
qun l c s d liu. Trong ArcMap n c dung qun l d liu thuc
tnh ca i tng thng qua hp thoi Query Builder. SQL trong ArcMap ch
cho php chn i tng ch khng thc hin cc biu thc chn, cp nht,
xa. T rong hp thoi Query Builder ch xy dng biu thc Where trong cu
lnh SQL.
C php ca chui cu lnh SQL ph thuc vo i tng chng ta truy
vn. Nu chng ta truy vn d liu trn d liu Shapefile, Coverage, bng
Info, bng dBase tn Field phi c nhp trong biu thc SQL bng mt
cp du nhy i, v d: AREA; nu s dng cu SQL trn Personal
geodatabase data, field phi c nhp l [AREA]; nu s dng cu SQL
trn ArcSDE geodatabase data, field phi c nhp l AREA.

134
Phin bn 1.0
Click Selection trn thanh menu, chn Select By Attributes.

Trn thanh x Layer chn Layer cha i tng mun chn.
Trn thanh x Method chn phng thc chn.
Click p Field thm tn Field trong biu thc truy vn.
Click vo mt ton t thm n vo biu thc truy vn.
Click Get Unique Values xem gi tr trong Field Selection. Click
p gi tr thm n vo biu thc truy vn.
- Click Verify kim tra vic nhp biu thc truy vn c hp l.
- Click Apply.
Nu mun s dng biu thc truy vn ny cho nhng trng hp sau c
th save n li trong a cng. Khi cn thit c th load n ln.
-
12.5 Tm _i tY`ng thng qua quan h khng gian

Vi hp thoi Select By Location c th thc hin truy vn i tng
thng qua quan h ca chng vi i tng khc. V d, c th chn cc h
nm trong vng l hoc chn tt c cc khch hng nm trong vng bn knh
20km quanh khu vc kho hng.
C mt s phng php thc hin truy vn khng gian:
- Intersect
- Are within a distance of
- Completely contain
135
Phin bn 1.0
Are completely within

Have their center in
Share a line segment with
Click Selection, chn Select by Location.

Trn thanh x chn cch i tng c chn.
Chn cc Layer mun chn.
Chn cch chn i tng.
Trn thanh x chn Layer m mun s dng chn i tng.
Nu mun s dng Buffer th nhp vo khong cch.
Click Apply.
12.6 T<o vng m

Vi vng m trong ArcMap, c th thc hin mt s thao tc:
- Chn i tng nm trong vng Buffer.
- S dng mt lp thuc tnh quyt nh khong cch Buffer.
- To nhiu vng m vi mt khong cch c nh.
- To vng m trong v ngoi i tng.
a Buffer Wizard vo menu Tools
- Click menu Tools v chn Customize.
136
Phin bn 1.0
Click tab Commands.

Chn Tools trong danh sch Categories.
Click Buffer Wizard trong danh sch Command v r n ti thanh
menu Tools hoc c th chn mt v tr bt k trn cc thanh Toolbar
t Command ny.
Click Close.
To buffer i tng vi mt khong cch ch nh

- M Buffer Wizard.
- Chn Layer mun to Buffer. Nu mun Buffer ht cc i tng
trong Layer th khng chn vo hp kim Use only selected features.
Ngc li nu mun to Buffer cho i tng c chn trn Layer
th chn vo hp kim ny.
- Click Next.
- Nhp vo s vng mun to.
- Nhp vo khong cch vi n v m c chn thch hp.
- Click vo kiu to vng bin chung cho i tng chng lp ln nhau.
- Click vo kiu xut ra ca Buffer l Graphic hoc mt Layer mi.
- Click Finish.

137
Phin bn 1.0
To buffer i tng s dng field nh khong cch

- M Buffer Wizard.
- Chn Layer mun to Buffer. Nu mun Buffer ht cc i tng
trong Layer th khng chn vo hp kim Use only selected features.
Ngc li nu mun to Buffer cho i tng c chn trn Layer
th chn vo hp kim ny.
- Click Next.
- Chn Field trong thanh x Base on a Distance from an Attribute.
- Click vo kiu to vng bin chung cho i tng chng lp ln nhau.
- Click vo kiu xut ra ca Buffer l Graphic hoc mt Layer mi.
- Click Finish.
12.7 Lin k@t dC liu theo quan h khng gian

Thng thng, gia cc lp trn bn c quan h khng gian vi
nhau. Ta c th s dng quan h ny ni cc thuc tnh vi nhau.
Vi quan h khng gian, Join c thuc tnh i tng theo cc quan
h sau:
- Mt i tng gn vi mt i tng khc.
- i tng nm trong i tng khc.
- i tng giao vi i tng khc.
- C bao nhiu i tng point nm trong polygon.
Join theo quan h i tng nm trong i tng khc
- Click phi trn Layer mun Join thuc tnh, tr chut ti Joins and
Relates v chn Join.
- Trn thanh x u tin chn Join data from another layer based on
spatial location.
- Trn thanh x Layer chn tn Layer mun Join thuc tnh. Nu Layer
khng c trn bn th c th nhp Browse tm n trn a.
- Nhp vo tn ca Layer Shapefile xut ra ngoi.

138
Phin bn 1.0
12.8 T<o lVp cUa nhCng _i tY`ng Y`c chKn

-
S dng cng c chn i tng chn i tng trn bn .

Trn TOC ca ArcMap chn Layer mun to Layer cc i tng
c chn. Click phi chut tr chut ti Selection v chn Create
Layer from Selected Features.

139

Tai Lieu Huong Dan Su Dung ArcMap

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tai Lieu Huong Dan Su Dung ArcMap

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ARCGIS 9.

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Gii thiu ArcMap ...................................................................................................... 5

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Qun l biu ............................................................................................... 125

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

1 Gii thiu ArcMap

1.1 Cc khi ni m c bn trong ArcMap

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

bn hay khng. Th t ca cc layer trong TOC cng rt quan trng. Layer

1.2 Khi ng ArcMap

T menu Start ca mn hnh Window chn Programs ArcGIS

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Splash screen c th tt, n s khng hin th mi khi khi ng

Sau khi splash screen hin th ngi s dng s thy hp thoi

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

o M bn ang thc hin ngy hm trc.

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

- Chn vo thanh expand (thanh x) Look in tm ni lu tr d liu.

1.4 Table of contents (TOC)

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Trong TOC nhp vo hp kim trc tn ca mi layer. Layer s xut

Hin th k hiu ca layer

1.5 Data View v Layout View

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Khi mun in bn ra giy, xut ra bo co, hoc a ln trn Web, cn

chuyn qua li gia

1.6 Xem bn 

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

1.7 S5 d7ng Bookmarks

To bookmarks khng gian t hp thoi Identify

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

To bookmarks t hp hi thoi Find

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

S dng bookmarks khng gian

1.8 C5a s: phng <i v c5a s: t:ng qut

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Ca s phng i lm vic ging nh mt knh lp. Khi a ca s ny

1.9 Tm ki@m thng tin trn bn 

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Hin th Map Tips

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Click vo tab Fields.

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Phng H thng thng tin a l

Ti liu hng dn s dng ArcMap

Tm i tng thng qua cc thuc tnh

trn thanh cng c Tools.

Xc nh khong cch trn bn

Click button Measure

Phng H thng thng tin a l

1.1 Cc khi nim c bn trong ArcMap

1.2 Khi ng ArcMap

1.6 Xem bn

1.9 Tm ki@m thng tin trn bn

2.1 T<o bn

2.2 Thm dC liu kiDu Coverage, Shapefile, Geodatabase

2.3 Thm bn vG CAD

2.4 ng k tKa cho file CAD

2.5 Thm dC liu bL mMt (TIN)

2.6 Thm dC liu d<ng tKa X,Y vo bn

2.7 H tr7c tKa

3.1 Thay :i dng m t layer

3.3 Xa layer trn bn

3.5 HiDn thS thuc tnh cUa layer

3.6 HiDn thS layer trong mt giVi h<n tW l