BI TP PHN TCH 2 - 2012 1. Nguyn nhn s xut hin ph t ngoi, kh kin, ph hng ngoi, ph hunh quang ? 2.

Trnh by nh lut Lambert Beer v cc yu t lm sai lch i vi nh lut, cc iu kin ng dng nh lut m bo chnh xc ? 3. Trnh by cc k thut nh lng trong ph UV-VIS 4. Trnh by s thit b cc thnh phn chnh ca my quang ph UV-VIS 5. Trnh by c s l thuyt ca vic nh tnh bng ph hng ngoi, nh lng bng ph hunh quang ? 6. u nhc im ca phng php UV-VIS ? 7. Trnh by cch nguyn t ha mu trong ph nguyn t ? 8. Nguyn tc ca cc phng php AAS, AES, ICP ? 9. Cch xc nh hiu sut chit trong chit n v chit lp ? 10. Phn loi cc phng php sc k ? 11. Tnh s a l thuyt, chiu cao a l thuyt, phn gii trong sc k 12. Phng trnh Van Deemter v gii thch ngha ca phng trnh ? 13. Trnh by s thit b cc thnh phn chnh ca my sc k kh v gii thch ? 14. Trnh by v sc k bn mng ? 15. Trnh by s thit b cc thnh phn chnh ca my sc k lng v gii thch ? 16. Cc u nhc im ca cc phng php phn tch sc k ? 17. Trnh by cc loi in cc c dng trong phng php o th ? 18. Tnh nng ca cc cht trong phng php o th ? 19. Xc nh im kt thc trong phng php chun o th ? 20. S thit b v nguyn tc ca phng php cc ph, nu cc phng trnh Heyrobxky v Ilcovich, gii thch ngha ca cc i lng v ca phng trnh ? 21.10,00 mL mu cha benzen c pha long thnh 250,0 mL vi hexan v dung dch to thnh c hp th 0,364 ti 204 nm trong cuvet 5,00 cm. Nu hp th phn t l 7,9.103, tnh nng ca benzen (C6H6) trong dung dch ban u vi n v mg/mL ? 22.Aminoaxit tyrosine c nh hp th ti 290 nm. Sau khi x l thch hp mt mu nng 0,2162 gam tch tyrosine, th tch mu l 250,0 mL. Dung dch ny c hp th 0,118 trong cuvet 2,00 cm. Mt mu tyrosine tinh khit (MW = 181), cn nng 126,4 mg, c ha tan thnh 100,0 mL dung dch. Ly 10,00 mL dung dch ny, pha long thnh 250,0 mL, c hp th 0,473 ti 290 nm trong cuvet 1,00 cm. Tnh % ca tyrosine trong mu ? 23.200 mL mu nc ging c x l vi lng d hydroxylamine hydrochloride kh Fe 3+ thnh Fe2+. Sau khi thm m axit acetic/natri acetate, thm lng d 4,7 -diphenyl-1,10phenanthroline v thm nc n th tch 250,0 mL. Dung dch ny c truyn quang l 63,1% ti cc i hp th 533 nm. Dung dch khc c chun b bng cch ha tan 0,0725 gam dy Fe tinh khit trong axit, c x l tng t v th tch cui cng l 1,00 L. 10,00 mL dung dch ny c pha long thnh 100,0 mL, c hp th 0,288 trong cng cuvet nh php o ban u. Tnh ppm Fe trong nc ging ? 24.Niken to mt phc vi 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) dng NiL 2. Mt dy dung dch c nng niken bit c x l vi mt lng d PAN c hp th o c ti 575 nm nh sau:

CNi (ppm) 0.20 0.35 0.50 0.65 0.80 0.95

A575 0.172 0.300 0.438 0.557 0.694 0.830

Mt mu 10,00 mL c x l tng t v c pha long thnh 25,00 mL c hp th 0,417. Tnh ppm ca niken trong mu t ng chun vi s liu cho ? 25.Florua c th c xc nh bi kh nng phn hy phc mu Zr-eriochrome cyanine R, ZrL2: ZrL2 + H2O + 2F- ZrOF2 + 2HLKhi mt mu 10,00 mL (t trng d = 1,00g/mL) cha F - c thm vo 25,00 mL ZrL 2, hp th ca phc ny gim t 0,800 xung 0,379 trong cuvet 1,00 cm. Nu hp th phn t ca ZrL2 l 2,17.105, hy tnh ppm F- trong mu ? 26.50,00 mL mu cha ion photphat v c c x l vi lng d natri molipdat trong axit percloric, kt qu to thnh mt hp cht gi l 12-molipdophotphoric axit (MPA): H3PO4 + 12 MoO42- + 24 H+ H3PMo12O40 + 12 H2O MPA c tch khi natri molipdat d bng cch chit trong n-butanol. Dch chit c lc vi NaOH, lm phn hy MPA bi phn ng ngc vi phn ng trn v cc ion n gin c chuyn vo pha nc, nh mc bng nc ct thnh 25,00 mL. hp th ca dung dch ny l 0,663 trong cuvet 1,00 cm ti 210 nm l bc sng m ti ch c MoO 42- hp th. Nu hp th phn t ca Na 2MoO4 l 1,6.103 v t trng ca mu ban u l 1,00 g/ml, hy tnh ppm P trong mu ? 27.Bilirubin trong huyt thanh hp th mnh ti 461 nm nhng hon ton khng hp th ti 551 nm. Mt khc hp th do hemoglobin v c ca dung dch cng ti cc bc sng trn. Do phng php n gin xc nh bilirubin l da trn hiu s hp th ti hai bc sng ny. 20 L mu mu c pha long thnh 1,00 mL vi dung dch m natri citrat pH 8,8, c hp th 0,871 v 0,637 ti cc bc sng tng ng 461 v 551 nm. Khi 20,00 L bilirutin chun (50,0 g/mL) c x l tng t, hp th o c l 0,337 v 0,014 ti 461 v 551 nm. Tnh nng ca bilirutin trong huyt thanh vi n v l g/mL? 28.Phc ca Cu2+ vi 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline c hp th phn t 7,95.10 3 ti 455 nm. Nu mt mu cha khong 0,1% Cu v th tch cui cng cha tt c lng mu l 250 mL th khi lng mu ti thiu v ti a l bao nhiu gi cho hp th o c trong khong 0,2 0,8 trong cuvet 2,00 cm ? 29.Natri nitrit thng c thm vo tht ngn phn ng oxi ha lm cho tht vn c mu ti khng b ti. Gi s bn ang lp k hoch xy dng phng php o quang xc nh nitrit trong tht da trn phn ng to mu vi N-1-naphthylenediamine v axitsulfanilic ( = 2,0.104). Nu mu c pha long n 250 mL v hp th c o

trong cuvet 1,00 cm th bn cn ngh khi lng cn bao nhiu cho nng trung bnh ca mu khong 1300 ppm NO2- s c hp th khong 0,4 ? 30.Glucose trong huyt thanh c xc nh bng phng php trc quang bng cch to phc c mu vi o-tolidine. Su mu huyt thanh 50,0 L ging nhau c x l vi cc nng thay i ca glucose v thng qua quy trnh phn tch, cho kt qu sau: Lng glucose c thm vo (g) 0 10 25 40 60 75 hp th (A) 0.230 0.272 0.340 0.416 0.507 0.568

Chun b mt ng chun thm chun v tnh nng ca glucose trong mu huyt thanh vi n v l mg/100 mL ? 31. hp th phn t ca cc phc NiL2 v ZnL2 ti cc nh hp th tng ng l: 553 nm NiL2 ZnL2 1,22.103 0 637 nm 4,73.102 6,29.103

Mt mu nng 412,6 mg c ha tan, x l vi lng d L v c pha long thnh 50,00 mL. Dung dch ny c hp th trong cuvet 1,00 cm l 0,416 v 0,923 ti 553 nm v 637 nm tng ng. Tnh % Ni v %Zn trong mu ? 32.Gi s cht phn tch A c th c chun vi cht chun T cho sn phm P theo phng trnh: A + T = P Mi cht ch hp th trong min quang ph c c ch di y: Cht A T P Bc sng b hp th (nm) 275-450 400-600, 700-800 250-325, 500-700

Hy phc ha ng chun ( hp th A theo th tch cht chun thm vo) khi hp th c o ti mi bc sng sau: a/ 300 nm; b/ 375 nm; c/ 425 nm; d/ 550 nm; e/ 650 nm; f/ 750 nm Gi s rng hp th phn t ca cc cht l ging nhau ti cc bc sng ny.

33.Cn 2 pht 24 s cho mt cht tan c ra gii khi ct sc k n nng cc i ca n. Tnh th tch lu ca n nu tc dng pha ng l 24,0 mL/pht ? 34.Tnh th tch lu mong mun cho mt cht tan m h s phn b ca n l 0,68 trn mt ct cha 58,0 mL pha tnh v 6,3 mL pha ng ? 35.Cn 16,4 s cho mt cht tan hon ton khng b lu gi trn pha tnh ca mt ct c ra gii n nng cc i ca n. Thi gian lu ca mt cht tan s l bao nhiu nu h s phn b ca n trn ct ny l 1,24 ? Gi thit rng tc dng pha ng l khng i v bng 25,0 mL/pht v th tch ca pha tnh l 7,30 mL ? 36.H s phn b ca cht tan l bao nhiu nu thi gian lu ca n l 128 s trn ct c cho bi 35 ? 37.Gi s 2 thi gian lu cn thit khc nhau t nht l 5,0 s ngn cn s xen ph ca cc peak. Tnh hiu s nh nht cho php ca cc h s phn b nu th tch ca pha tnh l 6,02 mL v tc dng l 30,0 mL/pht ? 38.S a l thuyt ca ct phi l bao nhiu cho rng nn ko di ca 2 peak i xng (tR,1 = 83,4 s v tR,2 = 86,6 s) khng xen ph nhau ? 39.Mt ct to ra peak ra gii sau 148 s c rng ti bn chiu cao peak l 3,30 s. a/ Tnh s a l thuyt trong ct ? b/ Tnh chiu cao mt a l thuyt nu chiu di ct l 0,5 m ? 40. rng ti bn chiu cao peak ca mt cht tan l bao nhiu nu thi gian lu ca n l 213 s trn mt ct c s a l thuyt l 4,5. 105 ? rng nn chn peak l bao nhiu ? Nu rng ca peak cht tan l 6,5 mm ti bn chiu cao peak th rng ti chn peak l bao nhiu ? 41.Mt ct 20 m c chiu cao a l thuyt l 0,70 mm. Nu tc dng pha ng l 32,5 mL/pht, hy tnh rng chn peak (s) ca mt peak cht tan c thi gian lu c cho sau y: a/ 38 s; b/ 1 pht 4 s; c/ 3 pht 28 s; d/ 0,0833 gi 42.Tnh chiu cao ca mt a l thuyt cho mt ct di 2,5 m c hot ng ti tc dng pha ng 9,7 cm/s nu A, B, C trong phng trnh van Deemter l 0,037 cm; 0,29 cm2/s v 0,0093 s, tng ng ? 43.Tnh chiu cao a l thuyt cho ct sc k c m t trong bi 42 nu tc dng pha ng tng ln thnh 12,0 cm/s ? 44.Tnh phn gii RS cho vic tch cc cp peak sau: a/ tR,A = 283 s; tR,B = 291 s; WA = 4,6 s; WB = 6,5 s b/ tR,A = 161 s; tR,B = 163 s; WA = 3,1 s; WB = 2,9 s c/ tR,A = 145 s; tR,B = 151 s; W1/2,A = 3,5 s; W1/2,B = 3,6 s 45.Chiu cao ca ct cn thit to ra phn gii 1,0 gia 2 nh cht tan l bao nhiu nu h s phn b cho hai cht tan l 1,83 v 1,97; th tch pha tnh v pha ng l 74,1 mL v 7,6 mL tng ng; v chiu cao ca mt a l thuyt l 0,174 cm ?

46.Hai cht tan vi t s phn b l 1,47 v 1,86 c tch ra trn mt ct m t s th tch ca pha tnh v pha ng (Vs/Vm) l 13,6. a/ Cn c bao nhiu a l thuyt m bo phn gii R = 1,35 ? b/ Chiu cao ca ct l bao nhiu m bo nh cu a nu H = 0,250 cm ? 47.Mt cht tan m h s phn b ca n l 2,63 c thi gian lu 116 s trn mt ct vi gi tr Vs/Vm = 6,37. Thi gian lu ca mt cht tan l bao nhiu nu h s phn b ca n l 2,31? 48.a/ Cho mt ct c s a l thuyt l 2,00.10 4, tnh rng chn peak ca mt peak nu thi gian lu ca n l 3,50 pht ? b/ Lp li tnh ton trong phn a/ cho cht tan m thi gian lu ca n l 3,00 pht ? c/ S dng gi tr trung bnh ca hai rng chn peak tnh s peak ti a c th nhn c sao cho khng c s xen ph chn peak gia thi gian 3,00 v 3,50 pht ? 49.Sc sc k kh ca mt hn hp cha ch cc ng v ortho, meta v para ca cresol c 3 nh m cc din tch tng ng ca chng l 24.6, 30.8 v 9.3. Gi s rng detector nhy tng ng vi cc ng v. Hy tnh % mi ng v trong hn hp ? 50.Bromobenzene trong mt mu c xc nh bi mt k thut chun ni. Mt dy cc cht chun, c chun b bng cch trn cc th tch khc nhau ca bromobenzene tinh khit vi 1,00 L n-propylbenzene , cho cc kt qu sau: Th tch ca Din tch peak n-propylbenzene bromobenzene (l) Bromobenzene 0.50 0.74 4.07 1.00 1.50 4.11 2.00 2.87 3.94 3.50 5.17 4.06 5.00 7.25 3.99 Khi 5.00 L mu (khng cha n-propylbezene) c trn vi 1.00 L n-propylbenzene v c ghi sc k, t s din tch peak ca bromobenzene vi n-propylbenzene l 0.873. Chun b mt ng chun ni chun v tnh % theo th tch ca bromobenzene trong mu ? 51.By phn ging nhau ca mt cht c ghi sc trn cng mt ct ti cc tc dng pha ng khc nhau, cho cc kt qu sau: Tc dng Thi gian lu (cm.s-1) (s) 1 7.0 625 2 10.0 438 3 15.0 292 4 25.0 175 5 40.0 110 6 60.0 73 7 80.0 61 a) Chun b mt th van Deemter b) Xc nh tc chy ti u ? c) Tnh s a l thuyt ti tc chy ti u ? Mu rng peak ti bn chiu cao (s) 7.9 5.2 3.2 1.9 1.2 0.8 0.7

52.Mt in cc chn lc ion F - kt hp in cc so snh c chun ha dng dung dch chun bng cch ha tan 391,6 mg NaF thnh 1000 mL dung dch. Khi c nhng vo dung dch ny, hiu in th gia cc in cc l -108 mV. Khi c nhng vo 50,00 ml nc thi t qu trnh sn xut, c hiu in th l -123 mV. Tnh nng ca F - trong nc thi di dng ppm F-. 53.Nc thi t mt nh my sn xut axit sulfuric c kh nng b nhim bn ch. 50 ml mu nc thi c iu chnh n pH = 5 v nhng in cc ch th Pb v in cc so snh calomen vo dung dch. Hiu in th gia hai in cc ny l -0,118 V. Sau khi thm 5,00 ml dung dch chun Pb2+ 5,00x10-3M, hiu in th l -0,109 V. Tnh nng mol ca ch trong mu nc thi ?