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Cotter Joints
Cotter joints are used to fasten rigidly two circular rods which are subjected to tensile or compressive loads along their axes. A cotter is a flat wedge link piece of steel of rectangular cross section which is inserted through the rods perpendicular to their axes .It is uniform in thickness but tapering in width on one side only. Usually the taper is 1 in 30. For steeper tapers, arrangement like a set-screw is provided for keeping the cotter from slackening. The leading end of the cotter are made narrow to facilitate easy entry into the slot. This joint in not suitable where the member are subjected to rotation.

Thus they differ from key joints which are used to fasten shafts and hubs subjected to torsional stress.
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Cotter joints with socket and spigot ends for circular bars

Slots are wider than the cotter. Cotter pulls the rod and socket tightly together Clearance: must be provided for adjustment.(2 to 3 mm) Proportions: cotter thickness = (1/3)diameter of rod cotter width = rod diameter

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Cotter joint with a gib

Gib and cotter joints are used for rods of square or rectangular cross section .the end of one rod fits the end of the other rod which is made in the form of a strap. A gib is used along with the cotter to make this joint. Gib is likely a cotter but with two gib heads at its ends . The thickness of the gib and cotter are same.
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Gib and cotter joint for rectangular rods

One bar end is made in the form of a strap. A gib is used along with the cotter.
Gib is like a cotter but with two gib heads at its ends . The thickness of the gib and cotter are the same.

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Gib and cotter joint or rectangular rods

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Sleeve and cotter joint

The enlarged ends of the rods butt against each other with a common sleeve over them. The rod ends are enlarged to take care of the weakening effect caused by slots. Unit VI 16

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Knuckle joint

Two or more rods subjected to tensile and compressive forces are fastened together Their axes are not in alignments but meet in a point The joint allows a small angular moment of one rod relative to another

It can be easily connected and disconnected

Applications: Elevator chains, valve rods, etc.

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Knuckle joint

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Knuckle joint

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