CNG N TP HC K II (HA HC 11) I. KIN THC C BN 1. I CNG V HP CHT HU C - c im hp cht hu c.

- Khi nim ng ng, ng phn (ng phn cu to, ng phn lp th) - Xc nh CTGN v CTPT hp cht hu c. 2. HIROCACBON NO - Khi nim, ng phn, danh php, tnh cht ho hc, iu ch, ng dng ca ankan. - Khi nim, ng phn, danh php, tnh cht ho hc ca xicloankan, ch n phn ng cng m vng. 3. HIROCACBON KHNG NO - Khi nim, ng phn, danh php, tnh cht ho hc, iu ch, ng dng ca anken, ankaien, ankin. - Quy tc Maccopnhicop. 4. HIROCACBON THM - ng ng, ng phn, danh php ca ankylbenzen. - Tnh cht ho hc ca benzen, ankylbenzen (toluen, etylbenzen, cumen), stiren, naphtalen. - Quy lut th vng benzen. 5. DN XUT HALOGEN, ANCOL, PHENOL - ng phn, danh php, tnh cht ho hc ca dn xut halogen (phn ng th v phn ng tch, quy tc Zaixp) - ng ng, ng phn, phn loi, danh php ca ancol. - Lin kt hiro v tnh cht vt l ca ancol (ch tonc, tos ca ancol so vi cht khc) - Tnh cht ho hc ca ancol, phenol, glixerol iu ch, ng dng. 6. ANEHIT, XETON - Tnh cht ho hc iu ch, ng dng ca anehit-xeton. II/ BI TP : 1. T LUN : Dng 1: S chuyn ho: Bi 1: Thc hin cc chui phn ng sau: a. Natri axetat metan axetilen benzen clobenzen natri phenolat phenol axit picric. b. CaCO3 CaO CaC2 C2H2 C4H4 C4H6 cao su buna + Br (1:1) H SO d ,170 C A1, A2. buta-1,3-ien c. Butan-1,4-iol butan propen PP Br SO d ,170 C + NaOH ,t + CuO ,t ancol anlylic. D B H d. Xiclopropan A B Cl , as ,1:1 + NaOH ,t + CuO ,t A1 A2 A3 e. Heptan toluen 0 + NaOH ,t c , p ,1:1 H O Cl , Fe B1, B2 c B3, B4 CO , B5, B6. Bi 2: Hon thnh dy bin ha (ghi r iu kin nu c) AgCCAg CHCH CH3CHO CH3COONa CH2=CHCl PVC Al4C3 CH4 C2H2 CH3COOCH=CH2 PVA CaC2 C4H4C4H10C3H6CH3-CH(OH)-CH3CH3-CO-CH3 C4H6 cao su Buna- S C6H6 C6H6Cl6 C6H5CH3 TNT C6H5BrC6H5ONaC6H5OHAxit picric(2,4,6-trinitrophenol) C2H4 C2H5OH C2H5Cl C2H4 C2H4(OH)2
2 4 o

CH3COOC2H5

CH3CHOCH3COOH C2H5 O-C2H5 CH3COONH4 CH3COONa

Dng 2: iu ch: Bi1: T kh thin nhin v cc cht v c cn thit hy iu ch: P.E, P.V.C, P.P ,benzen, thuc tr su 666, ancol etylic, etyl axetat, phenol, axit picric, cao su buna, polipropilen, poli vinyl axetat, etyl benzen, polistiren, TNT, ancol etylic; propan-2-ol; glixerol, cao su isopren; cao su clopren; propan-1,2-iol; propan-1,3-iol; ancol benzylic; axeton, anehit axetic Bi 2: T benzen, etilen cng cc cht v c v kin cn thit c , hy vit phng trnh ha hc iu ch: PS (polstiren) v TNB (1,3,5-trinitrobenzen), TNT (2,4,6trinitrotoluen),bromnitrobenzen(o,m,p) Dng 3: So snh cc loi hp cht Bi 1: - So snh cu to v tnh cht ca ankan v xicloankan. - So snh cu to v tnh cht ca anken v ankin. - So snh cu to v tnh cht ca ancol etylic v phenol Bi 2: So snh nhit si, tan ca : a) C2H5OH , C4H9OH , C2H2OC2H5. b)CH3COOH , C2H5OH ,CH3CH=O c) ietylete, axit axetic, ancol etylic, etylclorua. d) CH3OH, C2H5OH, CH3OCH3 , H2O Dng 4: Nhn bit 1) axetilen, etilen, CO2, etan. 2) but-1-in, but-2-in ,metan. 7) benzen, xiclohexan, xiclohexen 3) benzen, toluen v stiren 8) etylbenzen, vinylbenzen, vinylaxetilen 4) axetilen, metan v etilen 9) phenol, etanol, etylclorua 5) benzen, hex-1-en v hex-1-in. 10) etanol, glixerol, benzen 6) ancol etylic, axit axetic, anehit axetic, 11) phenol, etanol, vinylclorua, benzen phenol 12) etanol, glixerol, benzen, phenol Dng 5: Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra gia cc cp cht sau (ghi r iu kin phn ng nu c): Bi 1 C , xt ,t 1, C2H6 + Cl2 askt 2, C3H8 500 3, CH3COONa + NaOH CaO t , xt 4, CH3 CH=CH2 + HBr 5, CH2=CH2 + dd KMnO4 6, n CH3 CH=CH2 Pd / PbCO 3,t 1500 C ,l ln HgSO 7, CHCCH3 + H2 8, CHCH + H2O 9, CH4 t , xt 2 SO 4 ,140C PVC 10, CHCH + AgNO3 + NH3 11, CH2=CHCl 12, C2H5OH H 13, C2H5OH + Na 14, C 2H5OH 2 SO 4 ,170C H 15, C3H5(OH)3 + Cu(OH)2 Bi 2: a. Cho propan ln lt tc dng vi Cl 2, Br2 theo t l 1:1; un nng khng c oxi c mt xc tc o 500 C v phn ng t chy. b. Cho propen ln lt tc dng vi H 2 (xt?), HBr; H2O, xc nh sn phm chnh, phn ng trng hp, dung dch KMnO4 nhit thng. c. Cho propin ln lt tc dng vi H2 (Ni, to hoc Pd/PbCO3, to); HCl (1:1 v 1:2); H2O; AgNO3/NH3. d. Toluen ln lt tc dng vi dung dch Br 2, dung dch KMnO4 nhit thng v un nng, Cl2 (as hoc bt st, to theo t l mol 1:1) e. Cho secbutyl clorua ln lt tc dng vi dung dch KOH, t o; KOH, ancol, to. g. Ancol etylic ln lt tc dng vi Na, NaOH, HBr; CuO (t o), H2SO4 c 140oC v 170oC); phn ng t chy; phn ng ln men gim. h. Phenol ln lt tc dng vi K, KOH, KHCO3; HBr; dung dch Br2. i. Axetalehit ln lt tc dng vi H 2, O2 (Mn2+ xt); dd AgNO3/NH3. Qua cc phn ng trn kt lun g v tnh cht ca anehit?
4

B. BI TP I. Bi ton lp cng thc phn t da vo sn phm Bi 1. Tm cng thc phn t hp cht hu c trong cc trng hp sau: t chy hon ton 10 gam hp cht sinh ra 33,85 gam CO2 v 6,94 gam H2O. T khi hi i vi khng kh l 2,69. t chy 0,282 gam hp cht v cho cc sn phm sinh ra i qua cc bnh ng CaCl2 v KOH thy bnh CaCl2 tng thm 0,194 gam, cn bnh KOH tng 0,80 gam. Mt khc, t chy 0,186 gam cht sinh ra 22,4 ml kh nit (ktc), phn t cht ch cha mt nguyn t nit. Bi 2. t chy hon ton 7,2 gam cht hu c A thy to thnh 11,2 lt CO2 v 10,8 gam H2O. Bit t khi ca A so vi khng kh bng 2,48. Tm cng thc phn t ca A. Vit cc ng phn ca A v gi tn. Tm cng thc cu to ng ca A bit khi A tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l 1 : 1 (c nh sng) sinh ra mt sn phm duy nht. Gi tn sn phm Bi 3. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h thu c 70,4 gam CO2 v 39,6 gam H2O. Tnh gi tr a v thnh phn % v khi lng ca hai ancol trong hn hp, bit t khi hi ca mi ancol so vi oxi u nh hn 2. Bi 4: t chy m gam hn hp 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu oc 4,48 lt CO2 ktc v 4,95 gam H2O. Tm CTPT, CTCT ca 2 ancol. Bit rng khi oxi ho 2 ancol ny u thu c sn phm c phn n trng gng Tnh m v % khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp? II. Bi ton hn hp: Bi 5. Cho 2,24 lt mt hn hp kh X (ktc) gm C2H6, C3H8, C3H6 sc qua nc brom d thy khi lng bnh tng thm 2,1 gam. em t chy kh cn li thu c mt lng CO2 v 3,24 gam H2O. Tnh % th tch mi kh trong hn hp X. Dn lng CO2 trn vo bnh ng 200ml dung dch KOH 2,6M. Xc nh nng mol/lt ca cc cht trong dung dch sau phn ng. Bi 6. Cho 3,36 lt hn hp gm mt ankan v mt anken i qua nc brom thy c 8 gam brom tham gia phn ng. Khi lng ca 6,72 lt hn hp l 13 gam. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon. t chy 3,36 lt hn hp th thu c