GSTT.

VN

MT S BI TON HIDROCACBON HAY V KH GSTT GROUP Cu 1: Khi nung butan vi xc tc thch hp thu c hn hp T gm CH4, C3H6, C2H4, C2H6, C4H8, H2 v C4H10 d. t chy hon ton hn hp T thu c 8,96 lt CO2 (o ktc) v 9,0 gam H2O. Mt khc, hn hp T lm mt mu va ht 12 gam Br2 trong dung dch nc brom. Hiu sut phn ng nung butan l A. 45%. B. 75%. C. 50%. D. 65%. p n B

n CO2 = 0,4(mol);n H2O = 0,5(mol) n C4H10 = 0,1(mol) n Br2 = 0,075(mol) n anken = 0,075(mol)
C 1 mol C4H10 cracking th to ra 1 mol anken do : Vy H = 75%. = 0,075(mol)

Cu 2. Thc hin phn ng crackinh butan thu c mt hn hp X gm cc ankan v cc anken. Cho ton b hn hp X vo dung dch Br2 d thy c kh thot ra bng 60% th tch X v khi lng dung dch Br2 tng 5,6 gam v c 25,6 gam brom tham gia phn ng. t chy hon ton kh bay ra thu c a mol CO2 v b mol H2O. Vy a v b c gi tr l: A. a = 0,9 mol v b = 1,5 mol B. a = 0,56 mol v b = 0,8 mol C. a = 1,2 mol v b = 1,6 mol D. a = 1,2 mol v b = 2,0 mol p n B Cch1:

nBr =
2

25,6 0,16 = 0,16 (mol) nanken = 0,16 (mol) nX = = 0,4 (mol) nankan = 0,24 (mol) 160 40%

Do phn ng cracking to 1 ankan v 1 anken, s mol ankan mi to ra bng s mol ( ) ankan ban u b cracking nn ta c t C4H10 ban u to ra 0,96 mol CO2; 1,2 mol H2O Gi cng thc anken to ra l
manken = 0,16.14n

= 5,6 n= 2,5

t anken s thu c 0,4 mol CO2 v 0,4 mol H2O. Vy t hn hp kh bay ra (hn hp cc ankan) s thu c : nCO = 0,96 - 0,4 = 0,56 (mol); nH O = 0,12 - 0,4 = 0,8 (mol)
2 2

Cch 2: Ta tm c cng thc chung ca cc ankan to thnh sau phn ng cracking l C1,5H5 Hn hp kh bay ra gm 0,08 mol C4H10 d v 0,16 mol C1,5H5. Cu 3: un nng 10,71 gam hn hp X gm propyl clorua v phenyl clorua vi dung dch NaOH long, va v un nng, sau thm tip dung dch AgNO3 n d vo hn hp

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sau phn ng thu c 8,61 gam kt ta, cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Khi lng phenyl clorua c trong hn hp X l: A. 4,0 gam. B. 2,71 gam. C. 4,71 gam D. 6,0 gam. p n D Khi un hn hp vi NaOH long, nng, ch c propyl clorua b thy phn to thnh NaCl. Kt ta thu c l AgCl: n AgCl = n propylclorua = 0,06(mol) mpropylclorua = 4,71(g) mphenylclorua = 6(g) Ch : iu kin xy ra phn ng thy phn ca dn xut halogen - Cht c dng R C C C X ; R C6 H 4 C X phn ng d, ch cn un nng vi H2O - Cc cht c dng R C C C X : phn ng vi NaOH long , un nng - Cc cht c dng R C C X ; R C6 H 4 X :phn ng kh,cn NaOH c, cao Cu 4. t chy hon ton 8,0 gam hn hp X gm hai ankin (th kh nhit thng) thu c 26,4 gam CO2. Mt khc, cho 8,0 gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d n khi phn ng hon ton thu c lng kt ta vt qu 25 gam. Cng thc cu to ca hai ankin trn l A. CHCH v CH3-CCH. B. CHCH v CH3-CH2-CCH. C. CHCH v CH3-CC-CH3. D. CH3-CCH v CH3-CH2-CCH. p n B
nCO = 0,6(mol) nC = 0,6(mol) mC =7,2(g) mH = mX - mC = 0,8(g) nH = 0,8(mol)
2

cao, p sut

1 nankin = nCO2 - nH2O = nC - nH =0,2(mol) C =3 2 Do X gm v 1 ankin khc c s C >3 Loi A, C. Li c tc dng vi AgNO3 to kt ta, CH3CCCH3 khng tc dng. M 2 cht ny li l ng phn nn p n B s cho khi lng kt ta ln hn p n C.

Cu 5. un nng m gam hn hp X gm C2H2, C2H4 v H2 vi xc tc Ni n phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt (ktc) hn hp Y (c t khi so vi hir bng 8). t chy hon ton cng lng hn hp X trn, ri cho sn phm chy hp th hon ton trong dung dch nc vi trong d th khi lng kt ta thu c l A. 20 gam B. 40 gam C. 30 gam D. 50 gam ( th hn hp Y ch c C2H2, C2H4 v C2H6 nn Sau phn ng s c hn hp Y gm a ) .

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Hn hp trc v sau theo bo ton C u c