chn on sm ung th http://72.14.235.104/search?q=cache:http://vietbao.vn/Suc-khoe/Can-chan-doan-som-ungthu/40012445/248/ Mc bnh ung th khng c ngha l chm ht.

Ngy nay, vi nhng thnh tu mi ca y hc, nhiu loi ung th hon ton c th iu tr khi nu c pht hin sm. Ung th - cn c gi l k st nhn giu mt - ch honh hnh c khi cn trong bng ti. Mt trong nhng vn quan trng i vi ngi bnh ung th nc ta hin nay l lm sao sm li c k st nhn giu mt ny ra nh sng.

BS Phan Thanh Hi, gim c Trung tm Chn on y khoa (Medic), TP.HCM : Du n ung th + c bit Medic hin nay c cc xt nghim (XN) tm du n ung th. Xin bc s gii thch r thm v khi nim du n ung th? - Du n ung th, dch t ch cancer markers, l du hiu sinh hc c trong mu ngi bnh ang c t bo ung th pht trin. Vn l lm sao pht hin cht ny vn c tit ra t khi t bo hnh thnh nn khi ung th khi khi u cn nh, em so vi nng c trong c th con ngi bnh thng - c xc nh l nng bnh thng ca mt nhm ngi bnh thng, khng b ung th. V vy, ngha ca du n ung th l nng ca cht sinh hc trong mu (thng l protein) c tit ra nhiu hn so vi ngi bnh thng. + Khi pht hin c du n ung th th bnh ang trong giai on no? C trng hp no chm bnh nhng xt nghim cho kt qu m tnh khng? - Du n ung th l ch bo, nh l du n ca bc chn ung th m ta ln theo tm ra ung th u, c hay khng. V du n l nh lng cht sinh hc trong mu nn c th thay i theo tng ngi, tui, chng loi... V vy cc test kit nh lng du n ung th phi da theo nhy ca test kit, nng gii hn m tnh xc nh khi no l test dng tnh. V l nh lng nn n ty thuc s t bo ung th tit ra... Khi s t bo ng th nng cao, v cn mt yu t rt quan trng l t bo ung th c tit ra cht khng! V vy, khi pht hin nng cao cha hn l ung th, cn xt nghim m tnh (v nng t) cng cha hn l khng c ung th m c th giai on sm. Cho nn ch n on ung th phi c bc s c trnh chuyn khoa bn lun da theo bi cnh lm sng. Du n ung th c cc ngha + Pht hin, nh hng, ch bo nghi ng ung + Xc nhn bn cht khi + nh lng loi ung + Theo di kt qu iu tr sau m, sau ha tr, x + Tm ti pht, di cn... mt trng hp ung th sau iu tr sau: th u th tr...

+ Xt nghim ny c gip pht hin sm hn nhng phng php khc nh PAP (trong pht hin ung th c t cung- t cung), ni soi (cc loi ung th d dy, trc trng...) hay X quang...?

xt nghim du n ung th vi 17 du n bao gm:

Trung bnh mi nm VN c khong 100.000 ngi mc ung th mi, trn 50% s ny n vin giai on mun. Ph n thng mc cc loi ung th v, d dy, ph qun phi, c t cung, i trc trng, hu hng, bung trng, gan, mu, ming, tuyn gip... Tr em thng b ung th mu,

- Cc phng php u c u im ring ca n. Du n ung mt, gan, hu hng, no, m lin th l mt xt nghim mu lm nhanh, gn, c gi tr tham kt, xng, ph qun phi, tinh kho v phi hp vi cc phng php khc mi c ngha hon, trc trng... pht hin.

+ Xin bc s cho bit nhng ngi no cn lm loi xt nghim ny? Ngi c nhiu kh nng mc bnh (nh c ngi thn trong gia nh b ung th...) hay tt c mi ngi u nn lm? Tr em c cn xt nghim ny? C cn xt nghim nh k? - Nhng ngi cn lm xt nghim ny gm: Mun pht hin sm (tng i): lm khi khm sc khe nh k, nht l la tui c t l ung th cao (trn 50 tui). Nhng ngi ny nn lm xt nghim mt nm/ln. Khi c du hiu lm sng bt thng: gy m, ri lon tiu ha, tiu tin... Ngi c ngi thn trong gia nh b ung th (c xem l trong nhm c nguy c cao). Tr em khng cn lm nh k m ch lm khi c du hiu lm sng. + c bao nhiu ngi n lm xt nghim ny ti Medic? Nhng ngi ny thng tui no, thuc gii no nhiu nht? Xt nghim l do bc s ch nh hay t lm?

nam gii, loi ung th dn u v s lng ngi mc l ung th ph qun phi, k l d dy, gan, trc trng, vm, tuyn tin lit, bng quang, thn... Ph n H Ni c t l mc ung th v cao (19,6/100.000 dn so vi 13,6/100.000 dn TP.HCM theo thng k ca Bnh vin K trung ng). Trong khi cc nhm nguy c cao TP.HCM c t l ph n b ung th c t cung cao gp bn ln t l ny H Ni. Nguyn nhn ca tnh trng ny c gii thch bi mt nghin cu v t l nhim trng HPV (nguyn nhn hng u gy ung th c t cung) trong huyt thanh ph n TP.HCM cng cao gp bn ln ph n H Ni. Mt khc, t l ny cng c lin quan mt thit vi li sng ca ngi dn tng a phng: no ph thai nhiu cng s kch ng ung th pht trin, t cho con b...

- Ti Medic hin ch c nhng ngi c yu cu v c s am hiu n lm xt nghim du n ung th. Chi ph cn (Ngun t liu: Bnh vin K trung cao, khong 50.000 ng/xt nghim, nu lm ht cc du ng) n khong 500.000 ng. Va qua c mt s trng hp au lng. Nh mt bnh nhn trn 50 tui l tng gim c mt cng ty ln, b vim gan siu vi B lu ngy m khng quan tm o du n ung th gan (AFP). n khi ngi bnh ho ra mu mi pht hin l ung th gan th di cn ln phi, o AFP > 1.000ng/ml (bnh thng AFP < 10ng/ml). Lc ng i nc ngoi cha tr v cng khng sng qu su thng. Ch v bc s chm sc sc khe ca ng khng bit n hay khng mun tm ra bnh! Trn thc t, tuy xt nghim du n ung th c tm ra c nhiu vn sm nhng cng c th gy hoang mang cho nhiu bnh nhn, v h khng bit gii thch, x tr ra sao khi ch bo l dng tnh m i tm ung th th khng thy. Nhiu ngi lnh cng tr nn bnh v b

m nh. V vy xt nghim du n ung th phi c mt BS chuyn khoa ung bu lng gi, phn tch v t vn n ni n chn. Trong tng lai, cc xt nghim du n ung th c khuynh hng pht trin n vic tm ra trong cc gen ca t bo cc sai lon ca chui gen. s l ch bo pht hin ung th rt sm so vi k thut hin nay. + T thc t ny, xin bc s cho mt li khuyn? - Thi hu hiu nht cho phng chng ung th l i din vi s tht, ch ng pht hin v ung th l k st nhn giu mt. n khi k st nhn l din th ta khng cn c hi thot him. Khi c kt qu xt nghim dng tnh cn bnh tnh, lm li mt ln na vo thng sau. So hai kt qu v tm mt bc s chuyn khoa ung bu t vn. Hoc c th gi v e -mail t vn (min ph) ca Medic (ttmedic @hcm.vnn.vn.) theo mu sau: Tn h, tui, c triu chng g bt thng? Kt qu xt nghim du n ung th ln 1, ln 2... Cc trang web tham kho: www.spendloveresearch.org/resea/researchpages/tumor cancer types.htm; www.iptcancer.com 9 du hiu bo ng v ung th Ngi no c mt trong chn du hiu bo ng v ung th nn n gp bc s chuyn khoa ung bu ngay v cng sm cng tt: 1.Vt lot lu lin;
2. Ho dai dng, tc ngc, iu tr khng ;

3. Chm tiu, kh nut; 4. Thay i thi quen bi tit phn, nc tiu; 5. U v hay trn c th; 6. Hch to ln khng bnh thng; 7. Chy mu, dch bt thng m o ngoi k kinh; 8. tai, nhn lch; 9. Gy st, thiu mu khng gii thch c. Ngoi chn du hiu cnh bo trn, nn i khm nh k mt nm mt ln nhm pht hin cc ung th thng gp nh ung th v, c t cung n gii, phi, gan, d dy, i trc trng, vm... nam gii.

10 xt nghim du n ung th 1. Du n AFP (Alpha Feto Protein): l cht protein c bo thai. Nu pht hin c trong mu ngi bnh th c th c hai l do, l ung th gan (HCC) nguyn pht v ung th tinh hon ( n ng). 2. Du n CEA (Carcino Embryonic Antigen): l cht protein tit ra t t bo ung th ng tiu ha (d dy, rut..) v cung phi. 3. Du n CA 19-9: ch nh cho ung th ty v ng tiu ha. 4. CA 15-3: ch nh cho mt s ln loi ung th v. 5. CA 125: ch nh cho ung th bung trng.
6. HCG (human Chorionic Gonatropine): tm trong ung th nhau Tin s ON HU NGH, (v thai trng) hay tinh hon. ph gim c Bnh vin K trung

ng 7. PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen): xc nhn ung th Ung th khng phi l nh tin lit tuyn. mnh. Nhiu nc trn th gii nh M, cc nc Bc u gim 8. Ferritine: trong bnh l ung th hch. c t l mc mi, gim t l t 9. SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma): trong loi ung th t vong do ung th v bit cch bo vy nh ung th c t cung, ung th phi t bo vy, phng bnh hoc pht hin cha tr sm. Ti cc nc pht ung th ming... trin nh M, Nht, t l bnh nhn ung th c iu tr khi hon 10. Cc du n khc (t thng dng hn): ton ln n 50-60%. T l ny VN thp hn hn: 30-40%. a) TGA (Calcitonin Thyroglobuline Antigen ): tm ung Nguyn nhn ch yu khng phi th tuyn gip. l thiu phng tin, my mc cha tr hay trnh ca bc s, m b) NSE (Neuron Specific Endolase): trong ung th t bo do bnh thng ch c pht hin phi nh. khi giai on mun. c) PAP (Prostate Acid Phosphatase) trong vim tin lit tuyn. Ngi n xt nghim khng cn nhn i. C th ly mu bt c lc no, do vy nn n vo bui chiu ti s vng ngi hn v khng phi ch i. C th t xin lm xt nghim khng cn ch nh ca bc s.