50(602) IEC

Uy ban k thut in Quc t (IEC)

n phm 50 (601) - 1985

T ng k thut in Quc t
Chng 602: Pht, truyn ti v phn phi in Pht in
Mc lc

Trang
Li ni u.............................................................................................
Li ta...................................................................................................
Tit
Tit 602-01 Cc nh my pht in..................................................................4
Tit 602-02 Lp t v thit b pht in........................................................13
Tit 602-03 Vn hnh cc nh my pht in..............................................27

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U ban K thut in Quc t

T ng k thut in quc t
Chng 602: Pht, truyn ti v phn phi in - Pht in
Li ni u
1. Cc quyt nh hoc tha thun chnh thc ca IEC v cc vn
k thut c son tho bi cc y ban k thut, trong c i
din ca cc y ban Quc gia ang c quan tm c bit n vn
ny, th hin s nht tr Quc t cao v cc ch c cp.
2. Cc quyt nh hoc tha thun ny l nhng khuyn ngh
s dng quc t v c cc U ban Quc gia chp nhn theo
ngha .
3. xc tin s thng nht Quc t, IEC by t mong mun tt
c cc y ban Quc gia nn chp nhn khuyn ngh ca IEC nh l cc
qui nh quc gia ca mnh trong chng mc cc iu kin quc gia cho
php. Bt k s khc bit no gia khuyn ngh ca IEC v qui nh
quc gia tng ng, cn c nu r trong chng mc cho php trong
cc quy nh ny.
Li ta
n phm ny hp thnh chng th hai ca mt tp hp nm chng
ca t ng k thut in quc t (IEV) dnh cho sn xut, truyn ti v
phn phi in theo th t sau:
Chng 601: tng qut.
Chng 602: Sn xut.
Chng 603: K hoch ho v qun l cc li.
Chng 604: Vn hnh.
Chng 605: Cc trm bin p.
Nhng chng ny c nhm 25 duyt li ln xut bn th hai ca
IEV nm1965 v c chun b k t nm 1968, bi nhm lm vic
1/WGP 601 m th k ln lt l U ban Quc gia ca Lin X m
nhim v ri, k t 1986, l U ban Quc gia c.
Thut ng trong chng 602 <<Pht in>> c thu hp c thc
trong phm vi hn ch. Nhng thit b sn xut c xem xt ch yu
theo chc nng chng m nhim v ch la chn mt t thut ng cn
cho nhng ngi lm k hoch v vn hnh li. Chng 602 ch cn

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l ch yu mt chng k thut in loi tr, cng nhiu cng hay, tt

c chi tit cu trc trong nh ngha cc thit b.
Mt d tho th nht, ti liu 1 (IEV 602) (Th k) 1156 c a
ra xem xt vo thng hai 1980. Sau mt hi ngh m rng ca nhm lm
vic WG 601 hp Pari t 01 n 03/10/1980, mt d tho th hai, ti
liu 1(IEV 602) (vn phng trung tm) 1152 c trnh ln cc U
ban Quc gia c chp nhn theo quy tc su thng vo thng
Ging nm 1981.
Cc U ban Quc gia cc nc sau y b phiu thun cho n phm:
c
Ai Cp
Rumani
Lin X
B
Hoa K
Vng Quc Anh
Brazin
Php
Thu in
Canada
Israel
Thu S
Cng Ho Triu Tin
Italia
Tip
Chng 602: pht, truyn ti v phn phi in
pht in
Tit 602-01 Cc nh my pht in

602-01-01
nh my pht in.
Mt thit b c mc ch pht in v bao gm cc cng trnh k thut
dn dng, thit b chuyn i nng lng v tt c cc thit b ph tr
cn thit

602-01-02
h thng pht in.
Tp hp cc phng tin pht in trong mt h thng.
Ghi ch.- Ngi ta cng c th coi ch mt phn
nhm nht nh (v d h thng pht nhit in)

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602-01-03
s lp t thu in.
Mt s xp xp c th t cc cng trnh dn dng, my mc v thit b
nhm mc ch ch yu l chuyn i th nng ca nc thnh in
nng

602-01-04
nh my thu in.
Mt nh my in trong ng nng ca nc c chuyn thnh
in nng

602-01-05
nh my in dng chy.
Mt nh my thu in dng dng chy ca sng, thi gian lm y h
cha thc t l khng ng k.

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602-01-06
nh my in tch nc.
Mt nh my thu in m thi gian lm y h nc da vo nhng
dng chy ca nc tch li cho php gi nc trong mt thi gian
nhiu nht khng qu mt vi tun.
Ghi ch: c bit, nh my in u nc cho php dng chy
c tr li trong thi gian ti thp c th vn hnh tua bin trong
thi gian ti cao trong cng ngy hay nhng ngy sau .

602-01-07
nh my in h cha.
Mt nh my thu in m h cha c thi gian tch y bi nc chy
nhiu hn mt vi tun
Ghi ch.- Mt nh my h cha thng cho php
tch nc trong thi gian nc cao c th vn
hnh tua bin sau ny trong thi gian ti cao
602-01-08
nh my in thu triu.
Mt nh my in dng chnh lch cao ca nc do thu triu

602-01-09
tch nc bng bm.
Vn hnh bng cch a nc ln bng bm v gi li dng v sau
cho mt hoc nhiu cng trnh thu in pht in.

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602-01-10
nh my in tch nc bng bm.
Mt nh my in dng mt b cha cao v mt b cha thp cho php
thc hin cc chu k pht v bm lp li

602-01-11
ct nc th ca nh my thu in.
Chnh lch cao gia cc mc nc thng lu v h lu trong cc
iu kin quy nh

602-01-12
ct nc tinh ca nh my thu in.
Ct nc th ca nh my thu in tr i chiu cao tng ng vi
tn tht thu lc khng k n nhng tn tht thu lc trong tua bin

602-01-13
dung lng nc c ch ca mt h cha.
Th tch nc ca h cha gia mc thp nht v cao nht cho php
vn hnh bnh thng mt h cha

602-01-14
kh nng nng lng mt h cha.
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Lng in nng s c sn xut bi mt hoc nhiu nh my pht

in c cung cp bi mt h cha trong trng hp x ht dung
lng nc c ch

602-01-15
d tr nc c ch ca mt h cha.
Khi lng nc cha trong h trong mt thi gian nht nh trn
mc thp nht cho php vn hnh bnh thng

602-01-16
d tr nng lng ca mt h cha.
Lng in nng c th c sn xut bi cc nh my in c cung
cp bi mt h cha trong trng hp x ht nc d tr c ch

602-01-17
h s lm y h cha.
T s ca d tr in nng ca mt hoc nhiu h cha, ti mt thi
im cho, vi kh nng nng lng ca chng

602-01-18
lu lng nc v.
Khi lng tng cng ca nc chy qua mt thit din cho ca
dng nc trong mt khong thi gian cho

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602-01-19
kh nng nng lng (ca mt hay nhiu cng trnh thu in).
Lng in nng m lu lng nc v, c hiu chnh bi cc iu
kin thng ngun, c th sn xut ra c trong nhng iu kin ti
u trong khong thi gian cho

602-01-20
kh nng nng lng trung bnh (ca mt hay nhiu cng trnh
thu in).
Trung bnh ca kh nng nng lng ca mt hay nhiu cng trnh thu
in trong mt thi k pht trin nht nh, c xc nh trong cng
mt thi k v cho cng nhiu nm cng tt

602-01-21
h s kh nng nng lng (ca mt hay nhiu cng trnh thu
in).
T s ca kh nng nng lng qua mt thi gian cho vi kh nng
nng lng trung bnh trong cng mt thi gian

602-01-22
nh my nhit in.

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10

Mt nh my in trong in nng c sn xut ra bng cch

chuyn i t nhit nng
Ghi ch.- nhit nng c th nhn c t cc
ngun khc nhau

602-01-23
nh my nhit in kiu c.
Mt nh my nhit in trong nhit nng nhn c t t than
hay hydro-ccbon

602-01-24
in v nhit hn hp.
Vic sn xut nhit c dng cho nhng mc ch khng in v cho
sn xut in nng

602-01-25
tch lu kh nn.

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11

S vn hnh qua kh c nn, lm lnh v lu gi trong bnh cha

t nhin

602-01-26
nh my in kh nn.
Mt nh my in c trang b tua bin kh s dng kh nn lu gi

602-01-27
nh my in (nhit) nguyn t.
Mt nh my nhit in trong nhit nng thu c nh phn ng
nguyn t

602-01-28
nh my in a nhit.
Mt nh my nhit in trong nng lng nhit c trch ra t cc
vng thch hp ca v tri t

602-01-29
nh my in mt tri.
Mt nh my in sn xut in nng t bc x mt tri trc tip nh
hiu ng quang in, hay gin tip bi s bin i nhit

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12

602-01-30
nh my in gi.
Mt nh my in trong nng lng gi c chuyn i thnh in
nng

602-01-31
nh my in nhit t-thu-ng.
nh my in TTD.
Mt nh my nhit in sn xut ra in nng nh tc ng ca mt
trng in t trn mt dng plasma.

602-01-32
nh my in gradien nhit bin hay i dng.
Mt nh my nhit in sn xut ra in nng nh s khc nhau gia
cc nhit b mt ca i dng/bin v nhit su hn

602-01-33
pin nhin liu.
Mt my pht in s dng ho nng trc tip bng ion ho v oxy ho
nhin liu

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13

Tit 602-02 Lp t v thit b pht in

602-02-01
nhm my pht in.
Mt nhm cc my quay chuyn i nhit nng hoc c nng thnh
in nng

602-02-02
nhm ng c.
Mt nhm cc my quay bin i in nng thnh c nng

602-02-03
t my thu in.
Mt t my pht in gm mt tua bin thu lc ni c kh vi mt my
pht in

602-02-04
t my thu in thun nghch.
Mt t my quay m bo chc nng kp sn xut in hoc bm

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14

602-02-05
p.
Mt cng trnh gi nc chy vo phc v cho nhng mc ch xc
nh.

602-02-06
p kiu trng lng
Mt p c xy bng b tng v/hay n m s n nh c m bo
bng trng lng ca n

602-02-07
p kiu vm.
Mt p bng b tng v/hay n c un cong chuyn phn ln p
xut nc ln tng chng mt bn

602-02-08
p t.
Mt p bng t nn m qu na tng th tch to thnh bi cc vt
liu ht mn nn chc

602-02-09
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15

ng ng chu p.
Mt ng ng dn nc c p xut ti tua bin

602-02-10
h trn;
Mt h cha nc c b mt h lm gim hu qu ca sng p xut sc
trong ng ng chu p

602-02-11
tua bin kiu xung.
Mt tua bin trong mt cht lng tc ng ch yu bng ng nng
ca n

602-02-12
tua bin kiu phn lc.
Mt tua bin trong mt cht lng tc ng va bng ng nng va
bng p xut ca n

602-02-13
tua bin Pelton.
Mt tua bin kiu xung thu lc thng vn hnh t mt thc nc cao
vi lu lng nh
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16

602-02-14
tua bin Francis.
Mt tua bin thu lc kiu phn lc c nhng cnh hng c nh
thng vn hnh nhng thc nc c chiu cao trung bnh hay thp
vi lu lng trung bnh

602-02-15
tua bin Kaplan.
Mt tua bin thu lc kiu phn lc loi trc m rto c nhng cnh
hng iu chnh c, vn hnh vi lu lng cao

602-02-16
t my loi bc kn.
Mt t my thu in c v bc kn cha my pht in v tua bin
c t chm trong dng chy

602-02-17
tua bin - cnh qut.
Mt tua bin kiu Kaplan vi nhng cnh hng khng iu chnh c,
ph hp vi chiu cao ct nc khng thay i
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17

602-02-18
h cha nc b.
Mt h cha iu chnh lu lng nc ca sng v cc nh my
thu in h lu

602-02-19
t my nhit in.
Tp hp to thnh mt n v vn hnh thng bao gm mt ni hi,
mt t my pht nhit in, mt my bin p v cc thit b ph tr ca
chng

602-02-20
t my nhit in.
Mt t my pht gm mt ng c nhit s cp ni c vi mt hoc
nhiu my pht in

602-02-21
t my tua bin my pht.
Mt t my nhit in trong ng c s cp l mt tua bin hi
Ghi ch:- Trong lnh vc sn xut in nng, vic
thc t loi tr s dng cc my pht dng xoay
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18

chiu gii thch ngha hn ch hn ca thut ng

dng trong ting Php

602-02-22
t my ng c t trong.
Mt t my nhit in trong ng c s cp l mt ng c t
trong

602-02-23
t my tua bin kh.
T my nhit in trong ng c s cp l mt tua bin kh

602-02-24
t my ngng t.
Mt t my tua bin-my pht trong tua bin l loi ngng t

602-02-25
t my ngng t vi thit b lm nng li.
Mt my ngng t vi thit b lm nng li hi nc sau khi gin n
ln u trong tua bin

602-02-26
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19

t my i p.
T my tua bin -my pht trong tua bin l loi i p

602-02-27
my pht in chnh.
My pht in m in nng sn xut ra c chuyn ton b hoc mt
phn vo h thng hoc trc tip n ngi s dng

602-02-28
my pht in t dng.
Mt my pht in m in nng sn xut ra c cung cp cho nhng
cng vic t dng trong nh my in

602-02-29
nhng thit b t dng ca mt t hp
Bt k thit b t dng chuyn dng cho nh my v cn thit cho s
vn hnh ca n
V d : my nghin, my bm tun hon, qut thng gi

602-02-30

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20

cc thit b t dng chung.

Tp hp cc thit b t dng chung cho t hp v cho nh my in
V d: chiu sng, my nn kh

602-02-31
T my bin p - my pht in
my bin p hp b .
Mt my bin p u vo cc ca my pht in qua n cng xut ra
ca my pht in c truyn ti vo h thng

602-02-32[33]
my bin p t dng ca mt n v.
[ca mt nh my in].
My bin p dng cung cp in cho cc cng vic t dng ca
mtt hp
[ca mt nh my in]

602-02-34
ni hi.
Mt thit b m chc nng l lm cho nc bc hi di p xut, to
qu nhit v, trong mt vi trng hp lm nng li hi nc

602-02-35
ni hi tun hon t nhin.

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21

Mt ni hi trong s tun hon c to ra bi i lu v trong

bao hi tch trng thi nc ra khi trng thi hi

602-02-36
ni hi tun hon cng bc .
ni hi mt ng.
Mt ni hi mch h trong nc bm vo b bc hi, v hi c
qu nhit trong cng mt ng

602-02-37
ni hi tun hon iu khin.
Mt ni hi loi tun hon t nhin trong tc tun hon nc
c tng bi mt bm

602-02-[38][39] [40]
ni hi kiu nhin liu phun [ni hi cht t kh ][ni hi cht t
lng ].
Mt ni hi c thit k cho loi nhin liu dng bi

602-02-41

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22

ni hi t trung gian
Ni hi t bng than, than nghin c lu gi trc khi a vo
bung t

602-02-42
ni hi t trc tip
Mt ni hi than bt trong than nghin c a thng ngay vo l

602-02-43
ni hi tng si.
Mt ni hi trong than nghin c duy tr l lng bi mt lung kh
nng ln trong khi t chy.

602-02-44
hi qu nhit.
Hi nhit cao hn nhit bo ho ti mt p xut cho

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23

602-02-45
b qu nhit.
Mt b phn ca ni hi ti hi sn xut ra c qu nhit

602-02-46
thit b lm nng li.
Mt b phn ca ni hi trong hi ht ra ca b phn p lc-cao
c qu nhit li

602-02-47
tua bin hi.
Mt tua bin m cht lng lm quay l hi.

602-02-48
tua bin hi ngng t.
Mt tua bin dng bnh ngng t lm lnh bng nc lm lnh hi
thot ra

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24

602-02-49
tua bin hi ngng t c rt hi.
Mt tua bin hi ngng t c rt mt phn ng k hi cho cc nhu
cu khc ngoi sn xut in

602-02-50
xi-lanh (ca mt tua bin hi).
Mt trong nhng phn thn my tua bin hi trong t phn ln cc
b phn tnh
Ghi ch 1- trong mt tua bin c ba xi-lanh, theo
p xut hi vo,
c:
xi-lanh H.P (p xut cao)
xi-lanh I.P (p xut trung bnh)
xi-lanh L.P (p xut thp)
2- Trong mt ngha rng hn, c tp hp
ca thn (casing) v rto (rotor) c th c gi l
xi-lanh (cylinder)

602-02-51
truyn ng trc chung.
Mt tp hp cc rto ghp trn cng mt trc

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25

602-02-52
t my mt trc.
Mt b gm tua bin hi nhiu xi-lanh v mt my pht trn mt ng
truyn ng trc chung

602-02-53
t my nhiu trc
Mt hp b gm tua bin hi c nhiu xi-lanh vi nhng trc tch ring
mi ci ko mt my pht chnh

602-02-54
b iu tc.
Mt thit b iu chnh hi vo ca tua bin nhm duy tr tc quay
mt tr s yu cu

602-02-55
b chng vt tc.
Mt thit b m chc nng l ng hi vo ca tua bin nhm mc ch
hn ch tc quay khi bt thnh lnh mt ti

602-02-56
b ngng t.
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26

Mt thit b trao i nhit, l ngun lnh trong mt chu trnh hi kn

v lm ngng t hi thot ra ca tua bin

602-02-57
thp lm lnh.
Mt thit b trao i nhit ca nc/khng kh c tc dng lm lnh
nc tun hon ca b ngng t trong mt mch kn

602-02-58
thp lm lnh kh.
Mt cu trc trong b ngng t lm lnh nc khng trc tip tip
xc vi khng kh

602-02-59
thp lm lnh m.
Mt cu trc trong b ngng t lm lnh nc trc tip tip xc vi
khng kh

602-02-60
thp lm lnh thng gi cng bc.
Mt thp lm lnh trong dng khng kh c tng mt cch nhn
to
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27

Tit 602-03 Vn hnh cc nh my pht in

602-03-01
khi ng lnh t my nhit in.
Qu trnh m t my pht c tng tc , my c ho vo h thng
v mang ti sau mt thi gian di khng vn hnh

602-03-02
khi ng nng t my nhit in .
Qu trnh m mt my pht c tng tc , my c ho vo h
thng v mang ti sau thi gian ngn khng vn hnh khng thay i
qu nhiu tnh trng nhit ca tua bin

602-03-03
ph ti an ton ti thiu ca mt t my .
Mc cng xut m mt t my khng th duy tr vn hnh lin tc thp
hn m khng c nguy him x ra, t nht, cho mt trong cc b phn
ca n

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28

602-03-04
cng xut pht ra th ca mt t my.
Cng xut in sn xut ti cc cc ca my pht chnh v ph ca t
my

602-03-05
cng xut th pht ra bi mt nh my in.
Cng xut in sn xut ti cc cc ca cc my pht chnh v ph ca
mt nh my in

602-03-06
cng xut tinh pht ra bi mt t my pht.
Cng xut pht ra th tr cng xut in tiu th bi cc cng vic t
dng lin kt -

602-03-07
cng xut pht ra tinh ca mt nh my in.
Cng xut pht ra tr cng xut tiu th bi cc cng vic t dng lin
kt v tr
nhng tn tht ca cc my bin p lin kt

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29

02-03-08[09]
cng xut ti a ca mt t hp [mt nh my in].
Cng xut ti a c th c sn xut bi mt n v [mt nh my
in], ch vn hnh lin tc vi tt c cc thnh phn ca n u
trong trng thi hot ng
Ghi ch:- Cng xut c th l th hoc tinh

602-03-10
kh nng qu ti .
Ti cao nht c th c duy tr trong mt thi gian ngn

602-03-11[12]
cng xut sn sng ca mt t hp [ca mt nh my in ].
Cng xut ti a mt t hp [mt nh my in] c th vn hnh
lin tc nhng iu kin thc t
Ghi ch :- cng xut ny c th tinh hoc th.

602-03-13
nhu cu cng xut ca mt h thngCng xut phi c cung cp cho mt h thng p ng nhu cu

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30

602-03-14
cng xut d phng ca mt h thng.
chnh lch gia cng xut tng sn sng ca h thng v nhu cu
cng xut ca h thng

602-03-15
d tr quay ca h thng.
chnh lch gia cng xut tng sn sng ca tt c cc my pht
in ni vo h thng v ti thc t ca chng

602-03-16
d phng nng .
Cng xut tng sn c ca cc my pht sn sng khi ng ng
nhanh vo h thng

602-03-17
d phng ngui .
Cng xut tng sn sng ca cc my pht d phng m vic khi ng
c th ko di vi gi

602-03-18
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nng lng buc phi dng .

Nng lng s cp m s tiu th ca n khng th c chm tr v
n s b lng ph nu khng bin i thnh in
V d : nng lng dng chy ca sng

602-03-19[20]
xut tiu hao nhit trung bnh th[tinh] ca mtt hp
Trong mt thi gian cho, t s ca nhit nng ca cht t tiu th
vi in nng th [tinh] sn xut bi mt t hp trong cng mt thi
gian

602-03-21[22]
hiu xut nhit th[tinh] ca mt t hp
Trong mt thi gian cho, t s ca in nng th [tinh] pht ra bi
mt t hp vi nhit nng ca cht t tiu th trong cng mt thi gian
bi cng mt t hp

602-03-23
ti kinh t ca mt t my

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50(602) IEC

32

Ti tng ng vi im t thiu ca ng cong biu th quan h ca

xut tiu hao nhit vi ph ti

602-03-24
h s ti ca mt t my
T s ca nng lng sn xut bi mt n v trong mt thi gian
cho vi nng lng s sn xut c nu vn hnh ti cng xut ln
nht trong cng thi gian .

602-03-25[26]
thi gian s dng cng xut ti a ca mt t my [nhiu t my ] .
Thng s ca nng lng sn xut bi mt t my [ nhiu t my ]
trong mt thi gian cho vi dung lng ti a tng ng.

602-03-27
h s s dng cng xut ti a ca mt t my .
t my n v trong mt thi gian cho vi nng lng n s pht ra
nu n chy cng xut ln nht trong cng thi gian

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50(602) IEC

33

602-03-28
cch ly mt t my
Bin php khn cp bao gm tch mt t my duy tr vic cp in
cho cc t dng ca chnh n

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