Chng 5 THIT B PHANH HM

Khi nim chung

B phn khng th thiu trong c cu nng. Cng dng:

Dng vt nng v tr mong mun. Gi vt nng trng thi treo, khng ri khi khng mong mun.

5.1. Mmen phanh yu cu

Cn bng mmen trn trc t phanh
Tt Tt

Mmen phanh yu cu khi h ln hn khi nng Chn phanh theo QPAT:Tph = n.T*t HSAT n chn t 1,5 2,5 theo CLV

Tph T Q Phanh khi nng Q

Tph T

Phanh khi h
* * + T Tph= Tt

Tph= T- Tt

QDo * T t1 =

ngha ca HSAT:

2auo

Tnh n ti

5.2. C cu bnh cc
Cc vn chung
S cu to chung
Lso

Tnh ton c cu bnh cc: phng cc dng hng gy mt an ton:

Gy con cc Gy rng bnh cc Dp mp rng

Con cc

Bnh cc

Phng php tnh chung

Chn trc s rng Tnh chn mun Tnh kim nghim

Tnh ton bnh cc

b Ft s h

Tnh theo bn dp q = Ft / b [q] vi Ft = 2T / D = 2T / (m.z) ; b = m. chn trc , z tnh mun m, sau chn m tiu chun Kim nghim bn un = Mu / Wu = Ft.h / (b.s2 / 6) []

Cc thng s bnh cc
Vt liu bnh cc + Gang xm + Thp c + Thp CT3 rn + Thp 45 rn = b/m [q], N/mm 1,6 - 6,0 150 1,5 - 4,0 300 1,0 - 2,0 350 1,0 - 2,0 400 [], MPa (*) 30 80 100 120

(*) ng sut un cho php ly thp i tnh n ti trng ng khi c cu lm vic (**) Ti trng ng xut hin do hin tng bnh cc b quay ngc li di tc dng ca trng lng vt nng trc khi n khp ht vi con cc v b gi li. hn ch ti ng cn gim bt qung ng ny: gim bc rng (do gim mun -> yu) hoc lp nhiu cc "lch pha" nhau

Tnh ton con cc

Kim nghim v bn Con cc c tnh nh thanh chu nn lch tm bi lc vng Ft:

e Ft

c d

= n + u = = Ft / (cd) + Ft.e /(dc2/6) [*]

Con cc ch lm bng thp,

5.3. Phanh m
Phanh m n gin

a
c N

Fms n

l a c F K

Kh nng phanh tnh t iu kin cn bng lc trn tay phanh v iu kin phanh: N.a = F.c + K.l Fms = k.F vi Fms = N.f Suy ra: K = (F / l ).(k.a / f c) vi lc vng F = 2T / D. * gim lc phanh yu cu K => cc gii php: + tng D, l, gim a: th sao? + tng c: th sao? (K < 0 )

c'

Phanh 2 m kiu l xo
4 K 7 F 6 K K 3 K 5

Nguyn l lm vic * lu cng dng ca cc chi tit

10 N l

11 N

u nhc im v phm vi s dng Tnh ton phanh tng t phanh 1 m * Kh nng phanh * bn lu

9 e 1 2 a

5.4. Phanh ai

F a pmax S 1 (S 2 ) S1
a

a S2 (S1 ) K S2 l

Kh nng phanh: S1 / S2 = efa v S1 - S2 = Ft = 2Tph / D => K = S2.a / l = Ft.a / [l.(efa - 1)] * Nu i chiu mmen: S2 - S1 = Ft v S2 / S1 = efa => K' = S2.a / l = Ft.a.efa / [l.(efa - 1)] bn lu: pmax = 2Smax / (D.b) [p]

5.4. Phanh p trc

Phanh nn
(2) D2 D D1 (1) (3)

* Lc phanh yu cu N.f = Fms = Ft = 2Tph/D K = N.sin

K = 2Tph.sin / (D.f)

* bn mn

5.4. Phanh p trc

Phanh a
(2) D2 D D1 (1) (3)

C th coi l trng hp c bit ca phanh nn ( = 90o) K = 2Tph / (D.f) tng kh nng phanh: dng phanh nhiu a K = 2Tph / (D.f.z)

5.6. Phanh t ng
V sao gi l phanh t ng?

Lc trong c cu c s dng lm lc phanh M men phanh t iu chnh theo ti Phanh t ng c mt ma st khng tch ri Phanh t ng c mt ma st tch ri.

Phn loi

u nhc im v PVSD tng loi phanh

Phanh t ng c mt ma st khng tch ri

Cu to c im cu to Nguyn l hot ng Tnh t ng ca phanh:

Fa2 Ft3

* Lc phanh l lc dc trc trn trc vt * Lc phanh c t l

Tnh t ng ca phanh t ng c mt ma st
khng tch ri

phanh hot ng tt cn tho mn iu kin: K c Kyc, trong Kyc l lc phanh yu cu

Gi tr Kc v Kyc tnh nh sau:

Kc = Fa2 Ft3 = 2Ttg/D3 = Q.D0 p tg / (a.D3) t l thun vi Q Kyc = 2.Tph sin/ D.f = 2.n.T*t sin / D.f Kyc= 2.n.QDo.. sin / (2auo.D.f) t l thun vi Q, trong : D3 - ng knh bnh vt; D - ng knh phanh (phanh nn); n h s an ton phanh; Do - ng knh tang cun cp...

Khi tng ti Q th lc phanh yu cu Kyc tng, nhng lc phanh do c cu to ra K cng tng => loi phanh ny c

Phanh t ng c mt ma st tch ri

Cu to c im cu to Nguyn l hot ng Tnh t ng ca phanh:

1 3 4 2 5 6

* Lc phanh l lc dc trong b.t. vt ai c * Lc phanh c t l

Tnh t ng ca phanh t ng c mt ma st tch

ri

phanh hot ng tt cn tho mn iu kin: K c Kyc, trong Kyc l lc phanh yu cu

Gi tr Kc v Kyc tnh nh sau:

Kc = QD0 / [au0(d2tg(+) + f.D)] t l vi ti Q (xut pht t iu kin Tbr = Tr + TT - vn c ai c th m men trn bnh rng cn thng ma st trn ren v ma st mt t) Kyc = ... = 2.n.QDo. / (2auo.D) t l thun vi ti Q

Khi tng ti Q th lc phanh yu cu Kyc tng, nhng lc phanh do c cu to ra Kc cng tng => loi phanh ny c kh nng t iu chnh lc phanh theo ti => khng s qu ti v v th HSAT phanh kiu ny thng ly b (n 1,2)

5.7. Tay quay an ton

L loi tay quay kt hp phanh hm, m bo gi vt an ton khng ri khi khng c lc tc ng ln n.

Tay quay an ton kiu I kt hp phanh t ng c mt ma st tch ri. Tay quay an ton kiu II kt hp phanh ai.

5.7. Tay quay an ton (tip)

Kiu I Kiu II

Cu to c im cu to u nhc im v PVSD.

next