Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh

Chng 1: Gii thiu s qua v nh my thy in Ha Bnh

1. Gii thiu chung Nh my thy in Ha Bnh l mt qun th kin trc ha quyn gia thin nhin v con ngi. Mt cng trnh cng nghip khng l ca ngnh in lc Vit Nam, l cng trnh thy in a chc nng bao gm cc nhim v: Chng l, pht in, ti tiu, giao thng thy m trn th gii cha c cng trnh thy in no c nhiu chc nng n nh vy. y l ni sn xut v cung cp ngun nng lng ch yu cho h thng in lc ca c nc phc v c lc cho s nghip cng nghip ha hin i ha t nc. L mt biu tng ca tnh hu ngh gia nhn dn, chnh ph hai nc Vit Nam v Lin X (c)

Nh my thy in Ha Bnh l mt cng trnh in lc ln nht Vit Nam hin nay, nm trong bc thang cc nh my thy in trn h thng sng D. Thy in Ha Bnh l mt t hp cng trnh ngm c thit k thi cng xy dng trong lng ni. Vi quy m ln gm: 8 t my c cng sut lp t 1920MW, thit b my mc hin i, thuc th h mi. Cng vi cng trnh l h thng h cha, p t v h thng trn x l vi 12 ca x y v 6 ca x mt 2. Mt s ct mc quan trng ca nh my V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 1

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh - Thng 5/1971, B Chnh tr quyt nh xy dng nh my thy in Ha Bnh, chn uyn Ha Bnh xy dng cng trnh u tin trong quy hoch v khai thc sng - Thng 10/1971 ti H Ni, Vit Nam v Lin X k tuyn b chung v s hp tc nghin cu, thit k lp lun chng kinh t k thut, chun b cc iu kin cn v tin hnh khi cng xy dng cng trnh thy in trn sng - Ngy 6/1/1979 khi cng tng th cng trnh thy in Ha Bnh, lp thnh tch cho mng ln th 62 cch mng thng Mi Nga v k nim ln th nht hip c hu ngh gia Vit Nam v Lin X - Ngy 10/12/1982, ch tch hi ng b trng (nay l chnh ph) quyt nh t tn cng trnh thy in Ha Bnh l Cng trnh Thanh nin cng sn - Ngy 12/1/1983 ngn sng t I. - Ngy 9/11/1986 th tng Phm Vn ng b vin ra lnh ngn sng t II - Ngy 30/12/1988, t my s 1 ha li in quc gia - Ngy 04/11/1989, t my s 2 ha li in quc gia - Ngy 27/3/1991, t my s 3 ha li in quc gia - Ngy 19/12/1991, t my s 4 ha li in quc gia - Ngy 15/1/1993, t my s 5 ha li in quc gia - Ngy 29/6/1993, t my s 6 ha li in quc gia - Ngy 07/12/1993, t my s 7 ha li in quc gia - Ngy 04/4/1994, t my s 8 ha li in quc gia - Ngy 20/5/1994, trm 500kV u ngun ti Ha Bnh a vo vn hnh - Ngy 27/5/1994, h thng ng dy 500 kV chnh thc vn hnh truyn ti kp thi ngun in t Ha Bnh vo cung ng cho cc tnh min Trung v min Nam - Ngy 20-12-1994: Khnh thnh nh my thu in Ho Bnh 3. Mt s cng trnh chnh ca nh my 3.1. H thng cng trnh thy cng 3.1.1. p t H thng cng trnh thy cng p t c khi lng 22 triu m3, di 743m, cao 128m, mt p rng 15m, chiu rng chn p khong 900m. Tt c c p treenn hm sng c tng Aluvi dy 70m, di li dp bng t st l mt mn chng thm c to ra bng khoan phun dy 30m 3.1.2. Cng trnh x trn chng l - Cng trnh x nc vn hnh l p b tng cao 70m, rng 106m c 2 tng: Tng di c 12 ca x y c kch thc 6x10m. Tng trn c 6 ca x mt V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 2

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh kch thc 15x15m. Nng lc nc x ti a 35.400m3/s khi h cha mc nc gia cng - Ton b h thng nc x chy trn mi dc b tng rng 106m, di 400m, cao 70m. Pha cui c 7 mi phng nc, c tc dng lm gim ng nng ca dng chy, phng ra xa vo h tiu nng h lu, chng xi mn chn p

Hnh nh ca p t v ca x l 3.2. Ca nhn - thot nc 3.2.1. Ca nhn nc Cao 70m, di 204m, rng 27m gm 8 ng dn nc vo cho 8 t my, mi ng c ng knh 8m vi dc l 45. Di cc ca nhn nc u c h thng li chn rc c tc dng ngn rc khng cho vo tua bin lm h hng thit b. Ngoi ra cn c 16 van sa cha s c tng ng cho 8 t my. Cc van ny c iu khin bng 4 b truyn ng thu Ca nhn nc lc t ti cao 119m, mi b cho 4 xi lanh ca 4 cch phai sa cha s c tng ng vi 2 t my V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 3

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh Cc thng s: - ng knh trong xi lanh 450mm - ng knh cn xi lanh thu lc 220mm - Lc nng cch phai 300.103kg - Lc gi cch phai 250.103kg - p lc lm vic ca du trong xi lanh khi nng 261kG/cm3 - Hnh trnh y ca pttng 11,5m - Hnh trnh cng tc ca pttng 11,15m - Tc chuyn ng ca xi lanh: + Khi nng 0,37m/pht + Khi h 2,23m/pht - Thi gian nng mt cch phai: 30 pht . - Thi gian h mt cch phai: 5 pht . - Loi du s dng T22 hoc T 30 . - Th tch ton b xi lanh 13m3 Cm my bm t diu khin PHAIP-32/320-T3 c p lc nh mc l 320kG/cm3. Dng ng c in iu khin c cng sut 22kW, vi tc quay 1470vng/pht. c tnh k thut ca cc ca van sa cha s c gm chiu cao 10m, chiu ngang 4m, ti trng chnh ln ca van l 2303.103kg, lc nng tnh ton 290.103kg, trng lng 1 ca van l 92261kG. Nc c vo tour-bin bng 8 ng dn p lc ti cc t my, v thot ra bng cc ng dn p lc nc ra. 3.2.2. Ca thot nc Nc t ca nhn nc chy vo cc ng ng theo tng t my quay tua bin v c thot ra bng 2 h thng: - My 1, my 2 thot ra theo hai ng tuy nn ra h mng h lu - 6 my cn li c hai my thot theo mt ng tuy nn dn nc ra h lu, mi tuy nn c ng knh 12m Ca thot nc 3.3. H cha nc H cha nc ca thy in Ha Bnh c dung tch 9.45 t m3 trong dung tch phng l l 6 t m3, dung tch khai thc nng lng l 5.65 t m3. i i vi vic sn xut in, v ma kh nh my cn phi duy tr x xung h lu vi lu lng dng chy khng nh hn 680m3 m bo ngun nc ti tiu cho sn xut nng nghip vng h lu sng v sng V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 4

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh Hng, ng thi ngn khng cho nc mn xm nhp cc ca sng, tng cng din tch canh tc cho nhn dn H cha nc Ha Bnh c mt thong ln nht l 308 km2 khi mc nc h dng cao 120m. Chiu di h 230km ko di ti bin gii Trung Quc, rng trung bnh khoang 1000m, su khong 50-60m. - Chiu cao ln nht: Hmax = 117m (khi dung tch cha >10 t m3) - Mc nc dn bnh thng: 115m - Mc nc cht ca h: 80m - Mc nc nh nht ca h: 75m - Mc nc gia cng: 120m - Mc nc cho php dng: 117m

Hnh nh h Ha Bnh chp t v tinh 3.4. Khu vc gian my (cng trnh ngm) Tng din tch cng trnh thy in Ha Bnh l 1.796.300 m2 Trong : - Cng trnh chnh: 1.700.000 m2 - Cng trnh ph tr: 96.300 m2 V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 5

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh Cng trnh ngm nm su trong ni vi din tch: 77.426m2 vi chiu di ng hm cc loi ~18km Gian my cch nh ni: 190m vi chiu di 240m, rng 19.5m cao 50.5m tiu tn 665.000m3 b tng ct thp C 8 t my, mi t my cng sut 240MW, tng cng sut lp t 1920MW. Cc bung thit b in v phng iu khin trung tm c ni vi gian my, song song vi gian my l cc gian bin p mt pha gm 24 my, mi my c dung lng 105MVA c u li vi nhau bng 8 khi theo 8 t my dng nng in p t 15.75kV ln 220kV. Sn lng in trung bnh hng nm l 8.16 t kwh

Hnh nh gian my vi 8 t my 3.5. i tng nim i tng nim c t cch pha h lu cch cng trnh thy in Ha Bnh khong 300m. i tng nim c thit k thi cng nh mt hnh thp, kt cu bn trong l biu tng ca tuabin t my, tin snh c 6 cch vn rng, cc hng mc chi tit c b cc hi ha, mang m bn sc ca hai dn tc, hai nc Vit Nam Lin X (trc y), Vit nam Nga (hin nay)

V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 6

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh i tng nim c xy dng ghi nh cng lao ca tp th cn b cng nhn vin ngi Vit Nam cng nh cc chuyn gia Lin X c khc phc mi kh khn gian kh ca thi k qu , chng chi vi kh hu khc nghit ca vng rng ni Ha Bnh, quyt tm xy dng thnh cng cng trnh thy in Ha Bnh. y cn l ni vinh danh 168 CBCNVC (trong c 11 chuyn gia Lin X) ng xung v cng trnh thy in Ha Bnh, v dng in ngy nay ca t quc.

i tng nim 168 CBCNVC

3.6. Khu qun th nh bo tng v bc th th k Nh bo tng l ni lu gi nhiu hin vt quan trng trong cc thi k xy dng v khai thc hiu qu cng trnh. y mi ngi c th thy c din bin cc cng vic trong qu trnh xy dng coog trnh bng cc hnh nh hin thc, cc m hnh my thit b thi cng, my cng c sa bn ton nh cng trnh, m hnh t my thy lc. c bit l hnh nh cc ng ch lnh o ca ng v Nh nc trong qu trnh ch o v thi cng cng trnh cng vi nhng ct mc lch s ca nh my y cn l ni lu gi bc th th k gi cho hu th mai sau c t trong khi b tng hnh chp ct i din c trng cho hng vn khi b tng c trng lng hng chc tn c nhng ngi th lao ng a xung lng sng ch ng con sng 3.7. Tng i ch tch H Ch Minh Tng i c xy dng trn i ng tng trn cao 185.6m. Tng i do tc gi, nh iu khc Nguyn V An ging vin trng i hc Kin Trc H Ni thit k. Phn sn i do chnh kin trc s ngi Nga SER REB RI AN SKI thc hin. Phn thit k chng st do ngnh h thng in khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN thit k.

V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 7

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh Tng Bc cao 13.5m (tnh t dp cao su n nh u), b tng (phn sng nc my tri) cao 4.5m. Ton b khi tng cao 18m vi trng lng khong 400 tn cht liu lm bng b tng siu cao b tng Granit hng do vin vt liu xy dng nghin cu v thc hin theo yu cu cng trnh. Tng i c khi cng v xy dng vo ngy 08/1/1996 kt thc phn thi cng ngh thut cng ng vo ngy 08/1/1997 Tng i H Ch Minh 4. S qua v cc nhim v ca nh my thy in Ha Bnh 4.1. Nhim v chng l cho ng bng Bc B T khi a cng trnh thy in Ha Bnh i vo qun l, vn hnh, mi nm h cha nc Ha Bnh ct c t 4-6 trn l ln, c lu lng nh l t 5.000 22.650m3/s, m bo an ton cho vng h lu sng , sng Hng v th H Ni. c bit nh my thy in Ha Bnh ct trn l ln thng 8/1996 vi lu lng nh l 22.650m3/s. Vi nh l lc nh my ch x xung h lu 8.876m3/s, ct c 13.774m3/s (lu lng ny c gi li trn h) lm gim c mc nc ti Ha Bnh 2.2m, ti H Ni 0.8m ti thi im nh l. Dy l trn l ln nht sau 50 nm tr li y. Nh my thy in Ha Bnh ct l tht s c hiu qu m bo kinh t, an ton, V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 8

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh Khng nhng th, h cha nc Ha Bnh gp phn iu ha kh hu cho c mt vng rng ln thuc cc tnh Lai Chu, Sn La, Ha Bnh v mt s tnh ln cn khc, gip nhng ni ny c mt kh hu n ha, mt m. 4.2. Pht in Ngay t khi t my s 1 ho mng li in quc gia (31/12/1988), nh my thu in bt u nng cao n nh, an ton v kinh t ca h thng in. V ngy 14/4/1994, vic a t my 8 ho li quc gia a cng sut lp t ca nh my ln ng vi thit k l 8x240 = 1920MW, vi vic ng in chnh thc cho h thng ti in siu cao p 500kV BcNam (27/5/1994) hnh thnh nn h thng quc gia thng nht, truyn ti in nng t min Bc vo min Trung v min Nam, trong ngun in ch lc l nh my thu in Ho Bnh. Nm 1994 in nng nh my chim gn 50% tng cng sut v 65% tng sn lng h thng in, tnh t ngy t my 1 a vo vn hnh ti nay nh my thu in Ho Bnh sn xut c 124 t kWh in. Sn lng in ca nh my hng nm chim t trng cao nht trong li in. 4.3. Giao thng vn ti Ci thin vic i li bng ng thy c thng v h lu. Nm 2004 cng trnh tng i chin thng in Bin Ph c vn chuyn ch yu bng con ng ny. Cn gi y vic ch nguyn vt liu xy dng thy in Sn La cng ch yu bng cc phng tin i trn h Ha Bnh 4.4. Ti tiu chng hn cho ng bng Bc B p thy in Ha Bnh c vai tr rt quan trng trong vic cung cp nc cho sn xut nng nghip vng h lu trong c ng bng sng Hng, nht l trong ma kh. Khng nhng iu tit mc nc sng m n cn c vai tr y nc mn ra xa khi cc ca sng, gip ngi dn ven bin ln bin v c thm din tch t canh tc

V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 9

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh

Chng 2: Gii thiu v cc thit b trong nh my thy in Ha Bnh

1. Cc thit b chnh 1.1. Tuabin Nh my thu in Ho Bnh c my pht kiu trc ng. y tuorbin trc ng kiu PO-115/810/B567,2. Cc thng s: - ng knh bnh xe cng tc: 567,2cm - Ct nc tnh ton: 88m - Ct nc lm vic cao nht l: 109m - Ct nc lm vic thp nht l: 65m - Lu lng nc qua tuabin cng sut nh mc v ct nc tnh ton l: Q = 301,5m3/sec - Tc quay nh mc l: 125vng/pht - Tc quay lng tc: 240vng/pht - Hiu sut ti a ct p nh mc: = 95% - Trng ti tnh ton ti a trn : 16,1 tn 1.2. B iu tc thy lc B iu tc thu lc dng iu khin tour-bin, n l b iu tc thu lc kiu P21-150-11B cng thit b du p lc MHY-12,5/I-40-12,52HBT. iu tc c tc dng iu chnh tn s quay v iu khin tour-bin thu lc hng tm, hng trc cc ch khc nhau,ng thi dng iu chnh ring v iu chnh theo nhm cng sut hu cng ca t my. Cn thit b du p lc dng cung cp du T -30-OCT9972-74 hoc du tng ng c p lc cho h thng iu chnh thu lc ca tour-bin thu lc. Cc s liu k thut: - ng knh quy c ca ngn ko chnh: 150mm - p lc lm vic ca du trong h thng Iu chnh: 40kG/cm3 - Nhit du ca h thng iu chnh: +10 +50 0C - Trng lng t iu tc: 1610kG 1.3. My pht ng b ba pha My pht ng b dng trong nh my thu in Ho Bnh l my kiu trc ng, c stato u hnh Y, dy qun hnh sng 2 lp, c 3 u dy trung tnh v 3 u dy chnh, Z = 576, s rnh cho 1 cc v 1 pha g = 4, c 4 nhnh song song tng nhnh a = 4, bc qun 1-15-25. Mt vi s liu : - Cng sut biu kin Sm = 266,7MVA V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 10

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh - Cng sut hu cng nh mc Pm = 240MW - in p stator nh mc Um = 15,75kV - Dng stator nh mc Im = 9780A - Dng kch thch nh mc Ikm = 1710A - Tc quay nh mc nm = 125vng/pht - Tc quay lng tc nl = 240vng/pht - in p rto ph ti nh mc U = 430V - Cosm 0,9 - Khi lng lp rp rto l 610.103kg - Khi lng ton b my pht l 1210.103kg - in p pht ln thanh ci l 15,75kV. 1.4. My bin p Nh my thu in Ho Bnh c hai trm in: trm 220kV v trm 500kV. My bin p (m.b.a) dng trong nh my ny l loi m.b.a 1 pha 2 cun dy kiu O-105000/220-85TB3 u ni 3 pha v lp t vo kh my pht. Cc thng s ca m.b.a: - Cng sut nh mc ca m.b.a Sm = 105MVA - Cng sut nh mc ca nhm 3 pha Snm = 315MVA 24 kV - in p nh mc pha cao p Ucm = 23 - in p nh mc pha h p Uhm = 15,75kV - Dng in nh mc pha cao p Icm = 751,5A - Dng in nh mc pha h p Ihm = 6666A Cc m.b.a khi c h thng lm mt du, nc kiu (tun hon cng bc du v nc), du nng ca m.b.a t lp trn i vo u ht ca bm ri qua van 1 chiu i vo b lm mt du, y du bao quanh cc dn ng(trong c nc tun hon) v c lm ngui i qua li lc vo tng hm di ca m.b.a, mt phn du i qua b lc ht m thng xuyn trng thi lm vic. Nhm m.b.a 3 pha c 4 b lm mt du, mi pha c 1 b lm mt lm vic v 1 b d phng chung cho c 3 pha, s cho php thay th b lm mt lm vic ca bt k pha no bng b lm mt d phng, mi b lm mt lm vic c 2 bm du, mt bm lm vic v mt bm d phng. chuyn cng sut t cc my bin th chnh gian bin th ngm ca nh my n trm chuyn tip ngi ta dng du p lc MBDTK1x625/220 c tit din li cp l 625mm2, in p 220kV, 3 si ca 3 pha u t trong ng thp ng knh 219mm, du np vo ng c kh kh loI R-5A vi p lc t 11 16kG/cm2. Thit b p lc b xung du p V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 11

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh lc (AY) dng duy tr p lc du trong cc ng cp du p lc trong cc gii hn quy nh, thit b ny c lp t cao 31m trong nh hnh chnh sn xut AK v AY2 c t trong cc bung ring bit nhau, c hai t my bm u c ni ln h thng gp chung 2 phn on, cc ng ng dn du cho cc ng ng dn cp cng c u ni vi h thng ng gp , kh kh trong ng dng thit b kh kh. Thit b AY c hai b cha dung tch 4m3 cha du cp c kh kh v c duy tr chn khng bng bm chn khng, cc bm du s t ng duy tr p lc du trong ng ng gp t 13,5 15,5kG/cm2, nu p lc tt xung 12,5kG/cm2 th bm du d phng lm vic v c tn hiu. 1.4.1. Trm phn phi 220/110/35kV Ti trm chuyn tip thc hin khi ghp i 2 b MF-MBA ri a ln thanh ci 220kV v cc ph ti. Phn 220kVdng cc my ct khng kh SF6 loi S1-245-f3 c cc thng s chnh sau: - in p nh mc: 245kV - Dng in nh mc: 3150A - Dng in ct nh mc: 40kA - p lc kh SF6: 6,8Bar

Trm phn phi 220kV lin lc OPY-220 v cung cp cho ph ti ng dy 110kV v t dng chnh ca nh my ngi ta dng 2 m.b.a t ngu 3 pha 3 cun dy ATTH-63000/220/110-85T1 c b iu chnh in p di ti v cc thng s sau. - Cng sut dnh mc m.b.a Sm = 63MVA - in p nh mc pha cao p Ucm = 230kV - in p nh mc pha trung p Utm = 121kV - in p nh mc pha h p Uhm = 38,5kV - Dng in nh mc pha cao p I cm = 185A - Dng in nh mc pha trung p Itm = 301A - Dng in nh mc pha h p Ihm = 480a - S t u dy ca nhm bin p YTN0/0-11 - S nc ca b iu chnh di ti A8.1.5 V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 12

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh thao tc ng ct cc mch in li in 110kV ngi ta dng cc my ct kh SF6 ca Trung Quc c k hiu ELF-SL-2-II vi kiu truyn ng 3 pha v thao tc bng kh nn, mi my ct c 1 my nn kh ring. 1.4.2. Trm bin p 500kV Ti trm 500kV c 6 m.b.a t ngu1 pha 500/225/35kV ca nh ch to Jeumont Scheider Trafnomrs c cc thng s sau: - Cng sut nh mc m.b.a: 150/150/50MVA - in p nh mc pha cao p:

500 225 / / 35 kV 3 3
- Dng in nh mc: 519,6/1154,7/1428,6A - S t u dy ca nhm bin p: Y0/Y0/-11 Trm bin p 500kV

Trm bin p ny s dng my ct kh SF6 c 1 b truyn ng dng kh nn, mi my ct c 1 my nn kh ring. Cc thng s ca my ct: Loi my ct 245-MHMe-1P 550-MHMe-4Y 550-MHMe-1P/S Um (kV) 230 500 500 Umaxcho php (kV) 245 550 550 Im (A) 2000 2000 1000 Ict nh mc (kA) 31,5 40 40 Pkh SF6 (Bar) 6 6 6 Pkh iu khin(Bar) 19 19 19 My ct loi 245-MHMe-1P dng a in p 220kV cung cp cho m.b.a tng p ca trm bin p 500kV Ho Bnh, l my ct 221, 222, 200, cn loi my ct 550-MHMe-4Y dng cung cp in p 500kV ln V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 13

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh ng dy siu cao p Bc-Nam, l cc loi my ct 571 v 572, loi my ct 550-MHMe-1P/S dng ni tt t b ca ng dy siu cao p 500kV ti trm bin p Trm 500 kV Ho Bnh. T dng ca nh my t trm phn phi 220/110/35kV xung gian my c bo m cung cp t cc ngun in p khc nhau vi in p trung gian 6kV qua cc KTex cung cp cho cc ph ti 0,4kV gm: - Hai m.b.a 3 pha 2 cun dy TD61 v TD62 kiu TMH-6300/35-74-T1 u vo pha h p ca 2 m.b.a t ngu trm phn phi OPY220/110/35kV. y l ngun t dng chnh ca nh my, n cung cp in ti trm phn phi 6kV KPY6-2, sau cung cp ti KPY6-1 v KPY6-3. - Hai m.b.a 3 pha 2 cun dy TD91 v TD 92 kiu TMH-6300/35-71-T1 u vo pha h p ca m.b.a MF_MBA khi ca t my 1 v 8 lm ngun d phng cho TD61 hoc TD62, chng cp in cho KPY6-1 v KPY6-3 gian my ri c th cp ngc ln OPY. - Mt my pht in dizel cng sut 1050kW cao 95m OPY u vo KPY6-2 OPY phng trng hp s c mt in t dng cho nh my do r li. Cn t dng phn trm bin p 500kV Ho Bnh c cung cp trc tip ti ch t pha h p ca hai m.b.a t ngu 500/225/35Kv qua hai m.b.a h p t 35kV xung 0,4kV loi TM c cng sut 560kVA. 2. Cc thit b ph H thng nc lm mt ring ca mi t my ly t bung xon cao 6,2m, lm mt cho t my bao gm c h thng lm mt bin i Thyristor ca t my vi cc thng s sau: - Cc b lm mt kh cho my pht 760m3/h - Cc b lm du cho my pht 250m3/h - Cc b lm du cho hng my pht 40m3/h - Cc b lm du cho hng tua bin 36m3/h - Cc b lm mt bin i Thyristor 15m3/h - Cc b lm mt du h thng iu chnh 11m3/h H thng lm mt nhm cc my bin th 1 pha ly t bung xon ln cao 9,8m vi kh nng m bo cung cp nc khong 120 150m3/h. Nh my thu in ny cn c h thng kh nn h p dng cung cp kh nn p lc 8kG/cm2 cho cc b phn tiu th nh: - H thng phanh cc t my. - Cc ng h thu kh gim st v Iu khin cc trm bm kh phn nc qua t my, cc my bm tiu nc, thI nc sau lm mt my bin th khi v cc hm cp trong gian my. - Cc dng c lm bng kh nn dng trong cng tc sa cha thit b. V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 14

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh Trm kh nn gian my c t hai my nn kh h p kiu B2-10/9M04 v hai bnh cha kh, mi bnh c th tch 10m 3, p lc nh mc 8kG/cm2, cc thng s chnh ca my nn ct kh h p l: - Tc quay 727vng/pht - Cng sut c in 75kW - Nng sut nn kh 12m3/pht - p lc d sau cp 1 22,5 kG/cm2 - p lc d sau cp 2 8 kG/cm2 - ng knh xi lanh cp 1 330mm - ng knh xi lanh cp 2 200mm - Lm mt kh nn bng nc. Ngoi ra nh my thu in Ho Bnh cn c h thng kh nn cao p dng cung cp kh nn p lc 40kG/cm2. V h thng kh nn OPY dng cung cp kh nn cho cc my ct khng kh OPY-220kV, OPY-110kV. H thng ngun in 1 chiu c cung cp bi 108 c quy phc v cho cc mch iu khin, rle bo v tn hiu v cung cp nh sng khi s c mt in t dng nh my. H thng c quy c cc thng s sau: Kiu c quy dng trong trm lm vic ch phng CK-14 - Dung lng nh mc (Ah) 540 - Dng trc p ln nht I3 (A) 126 - Dng in bo m phng nhanh trong 10 h 50(A) - Dng in bo m phng nhanh trong 1 h 259(A) - Dung tch bo hnh trong 1h phng (Ah) 259 - Dng phng trong 2h (A) 154 - Dung tch bo hnh trong 2h phng(Ah) 308 - Dng phng nhanh trong 3h(A) 126 - Dung tch bo hnh trong 3h (Ah) 378 - in p nh mc ca 1 bnh c quy (V) 2,15 m bo cho nh my hot ng bnh thng th cn c nhiu thit b h tr khc nh h thng nc sn xut, h tng nc sinh hot, cc trm bm kh phn nc qua ca cc t my, bm tiu nc, bm thi nc sau cu ho. 3. Phng iu khin trung tm

V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 15

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh C th ni y l c quan u no ca nh my. y c h thng my tnh, h thng n tn hiu, h thng camera, gip ngi k s c th quan st v ch o ton b nh my. C th ng m t my, pht hin li tng t my ch o ngi sa cha. Vn hnh 1 t my

Phng iu khin trung tm 4. H thng t dng trong nh my T dng ca nh my phn t trm phn phi 220/110/35KV xung gian my c m bo cung cp t cc ngun khc nhau vi in p trung gian 6KV cung cp cho cc ph tI 0.4KV gm : - 2 my bin p 3 pha 2 cun dy TD61 v TD62 u vo pha h p ca 2 my bin p t ngu trm phn phi OPY220/110/35KV. y l V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 16

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh nhun t dng chnh ca nh my, n cung cp in ti trm phn phi 6KV KPY6-2 cao 105m v sau ti KPY6-1 cao 15,5m gian my v KPY6-3 cao 9,8m gian my. - 2 my bin p 3 pha 2 cun dy TD91 v TD92 u vo pha h p ca my bin p khi ca t my 1 v 8 lm ngun d phng cho TD61 v TD62, chng cp in cho KPY6-1 v KPY6-3 gian my ri c th cp ngc ln OPY. - Mt my pht in iezen cng sut 1050KW t ti cao 95 OPY u vo KPY6-2 OPY d phng trng hp s c mt in t dng nh my do d li. - Phn t dng trm bin p 500KV Ho Bnh c cung cp trc tip ti ch t pha h p ca 2 my bin p t ngu 500/225/35KV qua 2 my bin p h p t 35KV xung 0.4KV loi TM c cng sut 560KVA, U N = 4%.

V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 17

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh

Chng 3: Tnh hnh sn xut in nng v kh nng lm vic ca nh my trong h thng in

1. Tnh hnh sn xut in nng Nh trnh by trn nh my thu in Ho Bnh c cng sut tng l 1920MW, vic sn xut in nng nh 8 t my pht (dng my pht ng b ba pha trc ng) c t trong gian my. H thng sn xut in ca nh my c t trong lng ni, tng s phng lm vic v vn hnh ca nh my l khong gn 1000 phng ln nh. S lng cng nhn vin lm vic trong nh my l trn 720 ngi. Cc my pht ng b pht in ln thanh ci nh vic bin i thu nng thnh c nng v h thng kch t mt chiu (108 bnh c quy). Thanh ci c mc in p l 15,75kV, lng in sn xut ra c phn lm hai lung phn phi: Phn phi ngoi tri v phn phi trong gian my t dng. Phn phi ngoi tri gm hai trm 220kV v 500kV c truyn ti ln li in quc gia. Do nh my c t trng ln, kh nng thch ng trong mi s thay i ca ph ti v cng sut hu cng cng nh v in p. H thng iu khin nhm v t my theo cng sut hu cng (PMA) v in p (PH) ca nh my m bo cho nh my lm vic tt nhim v iu tn ca h thng. 2. Kh nng lm vic ca nh my 2.1. Quy trnh vn hnh, gim st, iu khin, bo dng mi t my

v phi hp cc t my. S ni dy:

Nh my c 8 t my c ni thnh 4 khi. Mi t my c mt b 3 my bin p 1 pha tng p t 15.75kV ln 220kV, mt ng cp du p lc 220kV ni t trong nh my (hm) ra trm chuyn tip v ln OPY220, t OPY220 c 2 ng ni ln OPY500 v 2 ng ni sang OPY110. * S trm OPY220 l s kiu 1,33 (4 my ct vi 3 phn t). Vi ch kt dy bnh thng th:- My ct 240, 260 ng cp in cho ng dy 270 Ho Bnh- 270 9.2 thanh Ho v 271 E23.1 Ninh Bnh. - My ct 231, 251 ng cp in cho ng dy 271 Ho Bnh 272 E23.1 Ninh Bnh v 276 E1.4 H ng. - My ct 232, 252 ng cp in cho ng dy 272 Ho Bnh 271, 272 E4.4 Vit Tr . - My ct 233, 253 ng cp in cho ng dy 273 Ho Bnh 271,272 E1.6 Chm. V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 18

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh - My ct 234, 254 ng cp in cho ng dy 274 Ho Bnh 274 E10.5 Xun Mai. - My ct 235, 255 ng cp in cho ng dy 275 Ho Bnh 273 E1.4 H ng. - My ct 237,257 ng cp in my bin p t ngu AT1 cp in cho t dng v sang thanh ci 1 110kV. - My ct 238, 258 ng cp in my bin p t ngu AT2 cp in cho t dng v sang thanh ci 2 110kV. * S trm OPY500 l s kiu t gic ch c 2 my ct 571,572 ng nhn in t 2 MBA T1 v T2, cp in cho ng dy 500kV Ho Bnh H Tnh. 2 MBA T1 v T2 nhn in t OPY220 qua cc my ct 221 v 222. Lc cao im cng sut li truyn theo chiu t H Tnh Ho Bnh. S trm OPY110 l s mt thanh gp phn on bng dao cch ly gm: - My ct 171,172 ng cp in cho trm Ho Bnh thi cng E10.1. - My ct 173 ng cp in cho ng dy NMT ho Bnh - Lng Sn Mc Chu Sn La - Tun Gio - in Bin. 2.2. Phn phi in nng sn xut Do nh my thu in Ho Bnh l nh my c t trng ln trong h thng in, kh nng thch ng trong mi s thay i ca ph ti v cng sut hu cng cng nh in p. h thng iu khin nhm t my theo cng sut hu cng v in p ca nh my m bo cho nh my lm vic tt nhim v iu tn ca h thng in. Cng vi vic a vo ng dy siu cao p 500KV Bc Nam vo vn hnh vi kh nngtruyn ti cng sut ln t ra vn l khi ng dy 500KV ang mang ti ln m b s c th c th e do ti s n nh ca h thng do tn s tng cao. Nh my thu in Ho Bnh cng c trang b cc thit b t ng chng s c nhm ngn nga v khcng sut phc cc s c c lin quan n s thay i v ch lm vic khng cho php ca h thng in. Chnh v vy m khi ng dy 500KV b ct s c hoc do 1 nguyn nhn no khc, khi phc hi li phi quan tm ti 1 iu rng in p 500KV, 220KV khng c tng qu gii hn cho php ca cc thit b trong sut qu trnh. in p l : 550KV cho ton ng dy, 242KV ti Ho Bnh v Ph Lm v cc gii hn khc trong h thng in. Do ng dy 500KV c dung lng np ln, ch c b mt phn nh khng b, v vy, in p s tng mt cch ng k khi ng in cho ng dy 500KV. Ngoi ra cn phi m bo rng cng sut v cng do ng dy 500KV sinh ra c th hp th c bi cc my pht ng b thu in Ho Bnh V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 19

Bo co thc tp nhn thc - Nh my Thy in Ha Bnh trc khi ng in t Ho Bnh v ca cc my pht ti Tr An, Th c, B Ra trc khi ng in t Ph Lm. Nu d tr cng sut v cng khng m bo s dn ti hin tng qu in p khi ng dy dy c ng in . 3. Vai tr ca k s t ng ha C th ni k s in ni chung v k s TH ni ring c vai tr rt quan trng trong hot ng ca nh my. iu ny l d hiu v nh my l 1 nh my pht in. Phn ln cn b cng nhn vin phc v trong nh my u l cc k s ngnh in thuc nhiu chuyn ngnh khc nhau nh h thng in, o lng, iu khin, t ng ha, thit b in. Vi trnh chuyn mn ha ngy cng cao nh hin nay th cc k s t ng ha l lc lng chnh thit k cc h thng iu khin qu trnh vn hnh nh my v gp sc trong vic vn hnh cc my mc thit b t ng ha trong nh my.

V Mnh Tun - TH3 K51 khoa in trng H Bch Khoa HN 20