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CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V MNG VIN THNG......................4
II K THUT MNG LI VIN THNG..................................5
1 Cu hnh mng li:......................................................5
2 nh s:.......................................................................7
3 nh tuyn:..................................................................8
4.Tnh cc:....................................................................8
5.Cc dng ca h thng tnh cc:...................................9
3.Phng php thc dng:..............................................11
IV MNG S LIN KT A DCH V:....................................11
V K THUT GHP KNH PHN CHIA THEO THI GIAN.........13
2. H thng ghp knh TDM............................................14
VI K THUT GHP KNH PCM...........................................16
2. Sp xp nh thi cho cc mng s:.............................22
3 khi nim v hin tng trt:.....................................23
4. Mng ng b............................................................24
5. n v ng b ca tng i.......................................26
CHNG II :TRNG CHUYN MCH S................................27
I TRNG CHUYN MCH KHNG GIAN S( S )...................27
1 Khi nim :.................................................................27
2 Cu trc v nguyn tc hot ng:...............................27
II TRNG CHUYN MCH THI GIAN S (T).......................29
1.Khi qut....................................................................29
2.Cu trc trng chuyn mch thi gian:.......................30
3.Nguyn tc hot ng.................................................31
4.Thc t:......................................................................31
III TRNG CHUYN MCH GHP:......................................32
1.Trng chuyn mch T-S.............................................32
2. Trng chuyn mch S-T............................................33
3. Trng chuyn mch T-S-T..........................................33
4.iu khin khi chuyn mch:......................................34
I Chuyn mch thng bo:.................................................38
II Chuyn mch gi: ( PACKET SWTCHING)..........................38
III Mng chuyn mch gi:................................................39
1.Nt mng:..................................................................39
2. Cc thu bao u cui:...............................................40
3. Cc thit b PAD.........................................................41
IV Cc ch lm vic ca mng chuyn mch gi:............41
1. Khi qut chung:........................................................41
2 Ch hot ng khng to cu ni:............................41
3. Ch hot ng mch o..........................................41
V S c v khc phc........................................................42
1. Qu trnh pht tin c bn:...........................................42
2 Cc li........................................................................42
VI ng gi thng tin:.......................................................43
1. Cu trc gi...............................................................43
2.Cc phng php kim tra li:......................................44
NGUYN KIU TAM
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TTBGCM &T
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TTBGCM &T
CHNG 1: TNG
PTCCN&DN
a. Thit b u cui:
Dng giao tip :
Mng v ngi, mng v my mc
Mc ch :
Chuyn i thng tin sang tn hiu in
Trao i cc tn hiu iu khin vi mng
b.Thit b truyn dn:
Thit lp ng truyn dn: ng truyn c chia s
Mng li c s dng tinh t
Chia lm 2 loi: tng i ni ht v tng i chuyn tip
c Thit b truyn dn:
Ni cc tng i vi nhau
Ni tng i vi thu bao.
c chia thnh 2 loi:
-Thit b truyn dn thu bao.
NGUYN KIU TAM
TTBGCM &T
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TTBGCM &T
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c Mng hn hp:
NGUYN KIU TAM
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PTCCN&DN
2 nh s:
Thi k nhn cng khng cn s in thoi
Thi chuyn mch t ng, thu bao phi quay s la chn bn c gi v dng
tnh cc
Nhng yu cu c bn ca vic nh s:
1. i vi ngi dng n phi d nh ,d s dng
2. Khng cn thit thay i trong mt thi gian di
3. nh tuyn v tnh cc mt cch d dng
4. a ra cc dch v mi mt cch d dng
2.1 H thng nh s m v ng:
1 H thng nh s ng:
Ton b mng li coi nh 1 vng nh s.cc s c ch nh thng nht cho
cc thu bao trong mng
Mi thu bao c s ring ca mnh vi cc ch s khc nhau
2 H thng nh s m:
Mng li c sp xp nh mt khi tp kt ca nhiu vng nh s ng
Trong h thng ny,cc thu bao thuc cc vng nh s khc nhau c kt ni
bng cch thm tin t trung k hay m trung k trc s ng
2.2 Cu to s:
2.2.1 S quc gia:
2.2.2 S quc t:
TTBGCM &T
PTCCN&DN
3 nh tuyn:
Trong mng li phm vi rng, 2 tng i c kt ni qua tng i chuyn
tip:c nhiu ng kt ni gia chng , chn la 1 ng gi l nh tuyn
Cc tuyn c la chn mt cch lun phin:t xa ti gn
4.Tnh cc:
L phng php tnh cc thu bao ca cc dch v vin thng.Cc iu kin sau
phi tho mn:
1. Tnh cc d hiu, v hp l
2. H thng gi cc n gin
3. Chp nhn c t chi ph dch v
4. Thit b tnh cc n gin:
H thng c bn xc nh cc dng vin thng, phng php tnh ton v gi cc
c gi l h thng gi cc.C th chia lm 3 dng:
a. H thng gi cc ngang bng,h thng gi cc c o,h thng kt hp
H thng gi cc ngang bng:thu nhp n nh, khng cn cc thit b o,tnh
ton ho n n gin,khi s dng lu lng t c th phn nn
H thng gi cc c o:c tnh ton theo lu lng: trch nhim ngi s
dng cng bng hn,cn c cc thit b o cho cc cuc gi, khi khng c cuc
gi chi ph l 0.
H thng kt hp 2 phng php trn; da trn chi ph thit b cng cc lu
lng
b. Tnh cc:
Da trn thi gian cng vi khong cch.khi gi cc cuc gi ti mt khong
cch no cho mi thi gian T giy c c nh l a,th cc cuc gi c
tnh nh sau:
Cc cuc gi = (a *thi gian cuc gi)/T
Bng cch thay i a hay T , ta c 2 phng php
1. Phng php tnh cc thi gian c nh
2. Phng php o nhp chu k
NGUYN KIU TAM
TTBGCM &T
PTCCN&DN
3 H thng ng b tng h:
ng h bin i c lp ti mi trmc iu khin tng h bi tn hiu
ng h ca cc trm khcto ra tn hiu thng nht chung cho tt c cc trm
trong mng
u: khng cn ng h tin cy cao, khng cn phn cp
Nhc : khi c 1 ng h b h nh hng ton b mng li
NGUYN KIU TAM
TTBGCM &T
PTCCN&DN
Khi c s c kh cch ly li
III S HO MNG
C 3 phng php: chng ln ,c o,thc dng
1. Phng php chng ln:mng s xy dng ngoi mng tng t, 2 mng
kt ni ti cc cng A/D
u im:c th a ra dch v im ni im
Gim gi tr cht lng do ting vng
C th a ra dch v ISDN khp c nc
Khuyt: nhiu vn u t trong giai on u
Mng phi xy dng trn ton quc
Chi ph mng s cho mi thu bao cao
Khai thc , bo dng cho mng v thit b c yu cu
2.Phng php c o:
Tt c cc thit b tng t c thay bng thit b s ho
u: c th lp t tng i chc nng mi, a ra dch v v tuyn
Chi ph thu bao thp
Xy dng mng s khng cn s ho knh
Khu vc s ho khng cn bo dng v khai thc
Khuyt: thnh lp khu vc s ho 1 cch t do,dch v im ni im v truyn
dn b hn ch
Vi h thng analog phi b tho b
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2 c im ca ISDN:
S lin kt dch v
tiu chun ho quc t
tiu chun ho giao din ngi s dng
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a. H thng ly mu:
Tin trnh ly mu bao gm:
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1.iu ch xung m:
Mc ch: l phng php thng dng nht
C th truyn dn qua h thng truyn dn s
Bao gm 3 tin trnh: ly mu ,lng t v m ho
2 Cc qu trnh iu ch xung m:
a. Ly mu:
tit kim bng thng :bng tn c gii hn 300-3400hz
Tc ly mu l 8khz
ng vi tn s nyquist ln n 4khz
To nn cc xung iu bin c khong cch gia cc xung l 125s
b. Lng t ho:
NGUYN KIU TAM
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c. M ho:
Mi mc lng t c ch nh 1 s nh phn->h thng s 8 bit cho 256 mc
Bit u tin qui c o :m hoc 1: dng, 7 bit cn li biu din ln
Mi mu PAM biu din cho 1 knh c m ho PCM 8 bit.
Gii m c thc hin ti thit b cui ca h thng PCM
B gii m gm 1 dy 8 chuyn mch dng
B m ho xp x lin tip c s dng rng ri
NGUYN KIU TAM
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3.1.2 ng b khung:
Trong h thng PCM 30, mu 7 bit 0011011 gi l tn hiu ng b khung FAS
cha trong cc TS0 ca cc frame l
ng b khung t c khi tun t :FAS-NON.FAS-FAS thc hin trong 3
khung lin tip
NGUYN KIU TAM
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3.2.3 CCS
Bit u tin ca cc khung chn k tip c dng truyn trn h thng T1
H tr 1 kh nng bo hiu 4kbps
T1 i lc c xem nh h thng nonclear
H thng T1 mang 1 knh CCS 64kbps v 23 knh thoi 64kbps vi s hot ng
ca knh clear
VII NG B MNG
1 Cc phng php nh thi phn b
1.nh thi trn mng s:
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4. Mng ng b
4.1 Cc h thng ng b khng bnh ng
4.1.1 H thng ng b ch t
4.1.2 H thng ng b ch t phn cp
4.2 Cc h thng ng b bnh ng
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5. n v ng b ca tng i
Xt cc thnh phn trong mt n v ng h trong tng i s SPC
Cha cc ngun nh thi v thit b to dao ng+thit b ng b mng-c
thit k bo v cao v s c -t lit ton b h thng
Phn b cc dng sng khc nhau n cc thit b nh cc si cp thng 3 si cp
cho 1 tuyn-an ton, nh thi cho cc rack thit b c cc bus c phn b
bn trong
Chiu di cp gii hn cc tn s cao
CU HI N TP
1. Cc b phn cu thnh mng vin thng.
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b. THEO CT
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3.Nguyn tc hot ng
3.1 iu khin u ra: Ghi tun t-c c iu khin-SWRR
Khi c yu cu kt ni:-ghi TT a ch vo RAM a ch, ghi TT thoi vo RAM
tin, c TT thoi t RAM tin
3.2 iu khin u vo
Ghi c iu khin-c tun t-RWSR
Khi c yu cu kt ni:-ghi TT a ch vo RAM a ch, ghi TTthoi vo RAM
tin, c TT thoi t RAM tin
4.Thc t:
Gm SM RAM 32 ngn nh, CM RAM 32 ngn nh, dy iu khin
R/W( 5dy),b la chn dng bin i thng tin a ch trn cc dy a ch thnh
cc tn hiu thch hp trn SM
NGUYN KIU TAM
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B m khe thi gian: m tun hon cc khe thi gian trn 1 tuyn PCM a
ch c cho cc CM v cc a ch ghi cho cc SM
Nhn xt: c th thit lp tuyn ni gia 1 u vo bt k vi 1 u ra bt k s
khe thi gian u vo cng ln thi gian chuyn mch dnh cho 1 tuyn ni cng
nh, ngc li tc lm vic ca RAM chuyn mch( time access ).Ta c
cng thc: T= ( 125.10)=N.(8/P).A.tc
T khong thi gian ca 1 khung tn hiu s
N s ng PCM c kh nng u ni, P s bit c chuyn mch song song,A s
ln truy nhp thng l 2,tc thi gian ca mt chu trnh c
- Theo pp SWRR:
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Cc tuyn xuyn qua khi chuyn mch c 2 hng:n hng v song hng
4.1 mc iu khin khi CM KT S
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CU HI N TP
Cc loi trng chuyn mch-m t v ni r nguyn l
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Mt t chc chuyn mch thi gian c dng cho chuyn mch gi: gm 1 knh
truyn di dng vng(bus) t tn hiu c a vo hay ly ra ty thuc vo 1
vi loi chun
Cc mch ni n c th l mt di thu bao : tc 56kps hay 64 kps n cc
ng tm xa chun ( T3 ) tc 44 mbps
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1.Nt mng:
L nhng tng i hay thit b chuyn mch gi.Cc nod kt ni thu bao vo mng,
cc ng dy trung k
C cc chc nng sau:iu khin cc port ng dy,truyn a d liu ngi
dng,chuyn i giao thc s dng trong mng v lin kt vi cc mng khc
Ty thuc vo v tr c cc node l: truy xut cc b thu bao,node trung k trung
chuyn cho nhng node mng khc,node ca cng
Mng chuyn mch gi c th c nhng kt ni lin mng :
NGUYN KIU TAM
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3. Cc thit b PAD
L cc thit b ng gi v tch gi
Ni cc u cui NPT vomng chuyn mch gi
Cc u cui l cc thit b lm vic theo phng thc k t:tng k t truyn
c x l nh l mt n v d liu truyn
Cc thit b lm vic theo phng thc gi li x l cc gi nh l cc d liu
ring r
PAD thng c s dng u ni cc thit b u cui..
PAD cn c mt s giao tip k t bt ng b 1 pha ,bn kia l giao tip gi
3. Ch hot ng mch o
Vi ch c lp cu ( virtual circuit) cc ng ni lun l phi c thit lp
trc khi cc gi gi i
c im chnh l s nh tuyn gia cc trm c thit lp chuyn d liu
NGUYN KIU TAM
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TTBGCM &T
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V S c v khc phc
2 Cc li
nh th t gi l 1 trong cc nhim v ca giao thc mng
Kh nng khng pht hin c s mt gi v kh nng nhn i gi khi mun
truyn thnh cng
Gi tin b mt
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Nhn i gi tin:
VI ng gi thng tin:
1. Cu trc gi
khc phc cc li v truyn nhn chnh xc:cn c s phi hp vi cc chin
lc qun l ton cc:mi gi tin phi cha phn thng tin h tr gi l thng tin
dn ng ( overhead)
C nhiu dng ty thuc vo kiu mng v k thut c dng
Bn tin c chiu di L
Chia n ra thnh cc n v nh c chiu di ti a l M ( SEGMENT)
Bn trong mng trn cc ng dy cc node trao i vi nhau cc n v nh chia
t cc segment gi l gi (PACKET) c chiu di ti a l N
NGUYN KIU TAM
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Ta c LMN
Th tc mng qui nh M=N ,thuc lp giao thc 1 seg ment
c dng trn datagram
Nu M>N c nhiu th tc gi tin trn mt segment dng trong ch cu o
Trong bt k cc trng hp n v d liu m thu bao s dng giao tip vi cc
node chuyn mch l cc gi tin
Thng tin ca giao thc
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Cu trc frame c dng c lin quan n hot ng thng dng giao thc HDLC
khung d liu phi cha bit iu khin hot ng ghp knh
C 2 dng khung
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XII IP ( a ch ha)
1. Nguyn tc :
S a ch ha nh danh cc trm ch
( host) trong lin mng l a ch 32 bit.
c tch thnh 4 vng, ph bin l dng thp phn, c chm phn tch vng
Mc ch l nh danh cho mt host bt k
Ngi ta chia IP lm 5 lp: A,B,C,D,E
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CU HI N TP
Trng chuyn mch gi cu trc v cc hin tng
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2.
Cu trc t bo ATM
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3. ATM l phng php hng u ni,sao cho hng truyn ti thng tin
thc hin c nh thit lp knh o
C hai dng cu trc format tiu : UNI v NNI
Cc trng s liu trong tiu t bo ATM
GFC : iu khin lung chung
VCI : tn knh o
VPI : tn ng o
PT: kiu trng tin ngi dng
CLP : u tin tn tht t bo
HEC:iu khin li tiu
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S dng 4 c ch:
Chuyn mch dng chung b nh
Chuyn mchdng chung mi trng mi gii
Chuyn mch trn c s b tr cc b m
Chuyn mch ma trn khng gian
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CU HI N TP
1. L thuyt chung v chuyn mch ATM
2.Cu trc t bo ATM
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I S KHI
2. Khi bo hiu
2.1 Chc nng:
Bo hiu thu bao tng i
Bo hiu tng i - thu bao
Bo hiu trung k: CAS ,CCS
2.2.Yu cu:
C kh nng tng thch vi cc tng i khc
3. Khi iu khin
3.1 Chc nng:
Phn tch x l cc thng tin t khi bo hiu a ti thit lp hoc gii phng
cuc gi
NGUYN KIU TAM
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1. i vi cuc gi ni b
2.i vi cuc gi ra
CU HI N TP
Tng i SPC-s khi v nguyn l hot ng ca cc khi
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2.Chc nng
bo v qu
p(o)
3.chc nng
cp dng
chung(R)
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IV KT CUI TRUNG K S
1. S khi
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I S khi:
Khithm
thmnhp
nhp
Khi
DLU
DLU
DLUC
DLUC
Khibo
bohiu
hiu
Khi
knhchung
chung
knh
Khiiu
iukhi
khi
Khi
LTG
LTG
LTG
LTG
GP
GP
Chuynmch
mch
Chuyn
SN
SN
GP
GP
CCNC
CCNC
CCNP
CCNP
CCNC
CCNC
EM
EM
CP
CP
OMT
OMT
MB
MB
SGC
SGC
CCG
CCG
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8.
B x l iu phi CP
L b phn u no ca tng i, thc hin cc nhim v chnh ca b x l iu
phi v x l cuc gi. Ngai ra n cn thc hin cc chng trnh bo dng v
bo an h thng, ghi cc.
9.
10.
Cc ng dy thu bao.
ng truy cp c s ISDN.
ng trung k s.
ng trung k Analog.
Mng s liu ( S liu gi trong nhng dch v gia tng VAS ).
Trung tm vn hnh v bo dng
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2. S khi DLU
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3.
Gi tn hiu chung.
Nhn xung quay s.
Chuyn tn hiu DTMF nhn t thu bao.
Ngn cch dng DC vi tn hiu thoi.
M ha v gii m tn hiu thai.
Giao tip vi lung 4096 kbit/s.
Testing
5. SLMD ( Subseriber Line Module Digital )
SLMD dng kt ni ng dy s. Mi SLMD c 8 mch thu
bao s v c iu khin bi mt b x l.
NGUYN KIU TAM
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Thng qua NT ( Network Terminal ) mi SLCD cung c mt Ba
( Basic Access ) cho cc thit b u cui ISDN.
D liu truyn gia NT v SLCD bng cp i xng c tc 160
Kbit/s trong 144 Kbit/s l tin tc ngi dng v 16 Kbit/s dng
cho ng b, gim st v chun on.
6.
7.
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9. Nhim v ca DIUD
Nhn v chuyn cc thng tin thoi t v n SLM.
Ly ra cc thng tin iu khin cho DLUC t knh 16 ca PDC do LTGB gi n
v np cc thng tin iu khin vo knh 16 ca PDC ri gi n LTGB.
Dng cc tn hiu t PDC cho vic ng b xung ng h.
Thc hin vic kim tra gim st v d tm li.
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1.S khi
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10.
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CU HI N TP
1.S khi v nguyn l hot ng ca cc khi
2. Cu trc phn mm ca b x l iu phi
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