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S GD T NGH AN thi vo THPT nm hc 2012 - 2013

chnh thc Mn thi: Ton


Thi gian 120 pht
Ngy thi 24/ 06/ 2012
Cu 1: 2,5 im:
Cho biu thc A =
1 1 2
.
2 2
x
x x x
| |
+
|
+ \ .

a) Tm iu kin xc nh v t gn A.
b) Tm tt c cc gi tr ca x
1
2
A >
c) Tm tt c cc gi tr ca x
7
3
B A = t gi tr nguyn.
Cu 2: 1,5 im:
Qung ng AB di 156 km. Mt ngi i xe my t A, mt ngi i xe p t B.
Hai xe xut pht cng mt lc v sau 3 gi gp nhau. Bit rng vn tc ca ngi I xe
my nhanh hn vn tc ca ngi I xe p l 28 km/h. Tnh vn tc ca mi xe?
Cu 3: 2 im:
Chjo phng trnh: x
2
2(m-1)x + m
2
6 =0 ( m l tham s).
a) GiI phng trnh khi m = 3
b) Tm m phng trnh c hai nghim x
1
, x
2
tha mn
2 2
1 2
16 x x + =
Cu 4: 4 im
Cho im M nm ngoi ng trn tm O. V tip tuyn MA, MB vi ng trn (A,
B l cc tip im). V ct tuyn MCD khng I qua tm O ( C nm gia M v D), OM
ct AB v (O) ln lt ti H v I. Chng minh.
a) T gic MAOB ni tip.
b) MC.MD = MA
2

c) OH.OM + MC.MD = MO
2

d) CI l tia phn gic gc MCH.

---------------------------------------------Ht-------------------------------------





S GIO DC V O TO
H NAM

CHNH THC
K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT
NM HC 2012 2013
Mn: Ton
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Ngy thi : 22/06/2012


Cu 1 (1,5 im) Rt gn cc biu thc sau:

a) A 2 5 3 45 500
8 2 12
b) B 8
3 1
= +


Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Gii phng trnh: x
2
5x + 4 = 0
b) Gii h phng trnh:
3x y 1
x 2y 5
=

+ =


Cu 3: (2 im)
Trong mt phng to Oxy cho Parabol (P) c phng trnh: y = x
2
v ng thng
(d) c phng trnh: y = 2mx 2m + 3 (m l tham s)
a) Tm to cc im thuc (P) bit tung ca chng bng 2
b) Chng minh rng (P) v (d) ct nhau ti hai im phn bit vi mi m.
Gi
1 2
y , y l cc tung giao im ca (P) v (d), tm m
1 2
y y 9 + <
Cu 4: (3,5 im)
Cho ng trn tm O, ng knh AB. Trn tip tuyn ca ng trn (O) ti A ly
im M ( M khc A). T M v tip tuyn th hai MC vi (O) (C l tip im). K CH
vung gc vi AB ( H AB e ), MB ct (O) ti im th hai l K v ct CH ti N. Chng
minh rng:
a) T gic AKNH l t gic ni tip.
b) AM
2
= MK.MB
c) Gc KAC bng gc OMB
d) N l trung im ca CH.
Cu 5(1 im)
Cho ba s thc a, b, c tho mn a 1; b 4; c 9 > > >
Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc :
bc a 1 ca b 4 ab c 9
P
abc
+ +
=

Ht
H v tn th sinh:..S bo danh:..
Ch k ca gim th 1:Ch k ca gim th 2:.
S GIO DC V O TO K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT
TP. NNG Nm hc: 2012 2013
CHNH THC MN: TON
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Ngy thi 22/06/2012

Bi 1: (2,0 im)
1) Gii phng trnh: (x + 1)(x + 2) = 0
2) Gii h phng trnh:
2 1
2 7
+ =

x y
x y

Bi 2: (1,0 im)
Rt gn biu thc ( 10 2) 3 5 = + A
Bi 3: (1,5 im)
Bit rng ng cong trong hnh v bn l mt parabol y = ax
2
.
1) Tm h s a.
2) Gi M v N l cc giao im ca ng thng
y = x + 4 vi parabol. Tm ta ca cc im M v N.
Bi 4: (2,0 im)
Cho phng trnh x
2
2x 3m
2
= 0, vi m l tham s.
1) Gii phng trnh khi m = 1.
2) Tm tt c cc gi tr ca m phng trnh c hai nghim x
1
, x
2
khc 0 v tha iu kin
1 2
2 1
8
3
=
x x
x x
.
Bi 5: (3,5 im)
Cho hai ng trn (O) v (O) tip xc ngoi ti A. K tip tuyn chung ngoi BC, B e (O),
C e (O). ng thng BO ct (O) ti im th hai l D.
1) Chng minh rng t gic COOB l mt hnh thang vung.
2) Chng minh rng ba im A, C, D thng hng.
3) T D k tip tuyn DE vi ng trn (O) (E l tip im). Chng minh rng DB = DE.

-------------------------------





















0 1 2
2
y=ax
2

y
x

GI BI GII:
Bi 1:
1) (x + 1)(x + 2) = 0 x + 1 = 0 hay x + 2 = 0 x = -1 hay x = -2
2)
2 1 (1)
2 7 (2)
+ =

x y
x y

5y 15 ((1) 2(2))
x 7 2y
=

= +


y 3
x 1
=



Bi 2: ( 10 2) 3 5 = + A = ( 5 1) 6 2 5 + =
2
( 5 1) ( 5 1) + = ( 5 1)( 5 1) + = 4
Bi 3:
1) Theo th ta c y(2) = 2 2 = a.2
2
a =
2) Phng trnh honh giao im ca y =
2
1
2
x v ng thng y = x + 4 l :
x + 4 =
2
1
2
x x
2
2x 8 = 0 x = -2 hay x = 4
y(-2) = 2 ; y(4) = 8. Vy ta cc im M v N l (-2 ; 2) v (4 ; 8).
Bi 4:
1) Khi m = 1, phng trnh thnh : x
2
2x 3 = 0 x = -1 hay x = 3 (c dng ab + c = 0)
2) Vi x
1
, x
2
= 0, ta c :
1 2
2 1
8
3
=
x x
x x

2 2
1 2 1 2
3( ) 8 = x x x x 3(x
1
+ x
2
)(x
1
x
2
) = 8x
1
x
2

Ta c : a.c = -3m
2
s 0 nn A > 0, m
Khi A > 0 ta c : x
1
+ x
2
= 2 =
b
a
v x
1
.x
2
=
2
3 =
c
m
a
s 0
iu kin phng trnh c 2 nghim = 0 m m = 0 A > 0 v x
1
.x
2
< 0 x
1
< x
2

Vi a = 1 x
1
= ' ' A b v x
2
= ' ' + A b x
1
x
2
= -
2
2 ' 2 1 3m A = +
Do , ycbt
2 2
3(2)( 2 1 3 ) 8( 3 ) + = m m v m = 0

2 2
1 3 2 + = m m (hin nhin m = 0 khng l nghim)
4m
4
3m
2
1 = 0 m
2
= 1 hay m
2
= -1/4 (loi) m = 1
Bi 5:











1) Theo tnh cht ca tip tuyn ta c OB, OC vung gc vi BC t gic COOB l hnh
thang vung.
2) Ta c gc ABC = gc BDC gc ABC + gc BCA = 90
0
gc BAC = 90
0

Mt khc, ta c gc BAD = 90
0
(ni tip na ng trn)
Vy ta c gc DAC = 180
0
nn 3 im D, A, C thng hng.
3) Theo h thc lng trong tam gic vung DBC ta c DB
2
= DA.DC
Mt khc, theo h thc lng trong ng trn (chng minh bng tam gic ng dng) ta c
DE
2
= DA.DC DB = DE.
---------------------------------------


B
C
E
D
A
O
O
S GIO DC V OTO
QUNG TR
THI CHNH THC
K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT NM HC 2012-2013
KHA NGY : 19/6/2012
MN : TON
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

Cu 1:(2 im)
1.Rt gn cc biu thc (khng dng my tnh cm tay):
a) 2 50 - 18
b)
1
1
1
1
1
1

|
|
.
|

\
|
+
+

=
a
a a
P , vi a>0,a= 1
2.Gii h phng trnh (khng dng my tnh cm tay):

=
= +
5 2
4
y x
y x

Cu 2:(1,5 im)
Gi x
1
, x
2
l hai nghim ca phng trnh 0 3 5
2
= x x .Khng gii phng trnh,
tnh gi tr cc biu thc sau:
a, x
1
+ x
2
b,
2 1
1
x x +
c,
2
2
2
1
x x +
Cu 3:(1,5 im)
Trn mt phng ta , gi (P) l th hm s
2
x y =
a, V (P)
b, Tm ta giao im ca (P) v ng thng d: y = -2x+3
Cu 4:(1,5 im)
Hai xe khi hnh cng mt lc i t a im A n a im B cch nhau
100km. Xe th nht chy nhanh hn xe th hai 10km/h nn n B sm hm 30 pht,
Tnh vn tc mi xe.
Cu 5:(3,5 im)
Cho ng trn (O). ng thng (d) khng i qua tm (O) ct ng trn ti
hai im A v B theo th t, C l im thuc (d) ngoi ng trn (O). V ng
knh PQ vung gc vi dy AB ti D ( P thuc cung ln AB), Tia CP ct ng trn
(O) ti im th hai l I, AB ct IQ ti K.
a) Chng minh t gic PDKI ni tip ng trn.
b) Chng minh CI.CP = CK.CD
c) Chng minh IC l phn gic ca gc ngoi nh I ca tam gic AIB.
d) Cho ba im A, B, C c nh. ng trn (O) thay i nhng vn i qua
A v B. Chng minh rng IQ lun i qua mt im c nh.

-------------------------HT------------------------------
H v tn th sinh:....................................................
S bo danh:...........................................

S GD&T
VNH PHC
************
CHNH THC
K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT NM HC 2012-2013
THI MN : TON
Thi gian lm bi 120 pht (khng k thi gian giao )
Ngy thi: 21 thng 6 nm 2012

Cu 1 (2,0 im). Cho biu thc :P=
2
3 6 4
1 1 1
x x
x x x

+
+

1. Tm iu kin xc nh ca biu thc P.
2. Rt gn P
Cu 2 (2,0 im). Cho h phng trnh :
2 4
ax 3 5
x ay
y
+ =


1. Gii h phng trnh vi a=1
2. Tm a h phng trnh c nghim duy nht.
Cu 3 (2,0 im). Mt hnh ch nht c chiu rng bng mt na chiu di. Bit rng
nu gim mi chiu i 2m th din tch hnh ch nht cho gim i mt na. Tnh
chiu di hnh ch nht cho.
Cu 4 (3,0 im). Cho ng trn (O;R) (im O c nh, gi tr R khng i) v im
M nm bn ngoi (O). K hai tip tuyn MB, MC (B,C l cc tip im ) ca (O) v tia
Mx nm gia hai tia MO v MC. Qua B k ng thng song song vi Mx, ng
thng ny ct (O) ti im th hai l A. V ng knh BB ca (O). Qua O k ng
thng vung gc vi BB,ng thng ny ct MC v BC ln lt ti K v E. Chng
minh rng:
1. 4 im M,B,O,C cng nm trn mt ng trn.
2. on thng ME = R.
3. Khi im M di ng m OM = 2R th im K di ng trn mt ng trn c
nh, ch r tm v bn knh ca ng trn .
Cu 5 (1,0 im). Cho a,b,c l cc s dng tha mn a+ b + c =4. Chng minh rng :
3 3 3 4 4 4
2 2 a b c + + >
- Ht -
Cn b coi thi khng gii thch g thm !
H tn th sinh:SBD:.


S GD&T VNH
PHC
************
CHNH THC
K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT NM HC
2012-2013
P N THI MN : TON
Ngy thi: 21 thng 6 nm 2012
Cu p n, gi im
C1.1
(0,75
im)
Biu thc P xc nh

=
= +
=

0 1
0 1
0 1
2
x
x
x

=
=

1
1
x
x


0,5


0,25
C1.2
(1,25
im)
P=
) 1 )( 1 (
) 4 6 ( ) 1 ( 3 ) 1 (
) 1 )( 1 (
4 6
1
3
1 +
+ +
=
+

+
+
x x
x x x x
x x
x
x x
x


) 1 (
1
1
) 1 )( 1 (
) 1 (
) 1 )( 1 (
1 2
) 1 )( 1 (
4 6 3 3
2
2 2
=
+

=
+

=
+
+
=
+
+ + +
=
x voi
x
x
x x
x
x x
x x
x x
x x x x

0,25

0,5

0,5
C2.1
(1,0
im)
Vi a = 1, h phng trnh c dng:

=
= +
5 3
4 2
y x
y x

=
=

=
=

=
=

=
= +

2
1
5 3 1
1
5 3
7 7
5 3
12 3 6
y
x
y
x
y x
x
y x
y x

Vy vi a = 1, h phng trnh c nghim duy nht l:

=
=
2
1
y
x

0,25


0,25

0,25

0,25
C2.2
(1,0
im)
-Nu a = 0, h c dng:

=
=

=
=
3
5
2
5 3
4 2
y
x
y
x
=> c nghim duy nht
-Nu a 0 = , h c nghim duy nht khi v ch khi:
3
2

=
a
a

6
2
= a (lun ng, v 0
2
> a vi mi a)
Do , vi a 0 = , h lun c nghim duy nht.
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht vi mi a.
0,25



0,25

0,25
0,25
C3
(2,0
im)
Gi chiu di ca hnh ch nht cho l x (m), vi x > 4.
V chiu rng bng na chiu di nn chiu rng l:
2
x
(m)
=> din tch hnh ch nht cho l:
2 2
.
2
x x
x = (m
2
)
Nu gim mi chiu i 2 m th chiu di, chiu rng ca hnh ch
nht ln lt l: 2
2
2
x
va x (m)
khi , din tch hnh ch nht gim i mt na nn ta c phng
trnh:
2 2
1
) 2
2
)( 2 (
2
x x
x =
0,25


0,25


0,25



0,25
0 16 12
4
4 2
2
2
2 2
= + = + x x
x
x x
x

.=> 5 2 6
1
+ = x (tho mn x>4);
5 2 6
2
= x (loi v khng tho mn x>4)
Vy chiu di ca hnh ch nht cho l 5 2 6 + (m).
0,25


0,5

0,25
C4.1
(1,0
im)
1) Chng minh M, B, O, C cng thuc 1 ng trn
Ta c:
0
90 = ZMOB (v MB l tip tuyn)
0
90 = ZMCO (v MC l tip tuyn)
=> ZMBO + ZMCO =
= 90
0
+ 90
0
= 180
0

=> T gic MBOC ni tip
(v c tng 2 gc i =180
0
)
=>4 im M, B, O, C cng thuc 1 ng trn


0,25

0,25
0,25

0,25
C4.2
(1,0
im)
2) Chng minh ME = R:
Ta c MB//EO (v cng vung gc vi BB)
=> ZO
1
= ZM
1
(so le trong)
M ZM
1
= ZM
2
(tnh cht 2 tip tuyn ct nhau) => ZM
2
= ZO
1

(1)
C/m c MO//EB (v cng vung gc vi BC)
=> ZO
1
= ZE
1
(so le trong) (2)
T (1), (2) => ZM
2
= ZE
1
=> MOCE ni tip
=> ZMEO = ZMCO = 90
0

=> ZMEO = ZMBO = ZBOE = 90
0
=> MBOE l hnh ch nht
=> ME = OB = R (iu phi chng minh)



0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25
C4.3
(1,0
im)
3) Chng minh khi OM=2R th K di ng trn 1 ng trn c nh:
Chng minh c Tam gic MBC u => ZBMC = 60
0

=> ZBOC = 120
0

=> ZKOC = 60
0
- ZO
1
= 60
0
- ZM
1
= 60
0
30
0
= 30
0

Trong tam gic KOC vung ti C, ta c:
3
3 2
2
3
:
30
0
R
R
Cos
OC
OK
OK
OC
CosKOC = = = =
M O c nh, R khng i => K di ng trn ng trn tm O,
bn knh =
3
3 2 R
(iu phi chng minh)


0,25
0,25


0,25

0,25
C5
(1,0
im)
( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 3 4 4 4
3 3 3
4 4 4
4 4 4 4 4 4
4 4 4
4
a b c
a b c a a b c b a b c c
a b c
a b c
+ +
= + + + + + + + +
> + +
= + +
=

Do ,
3 3 3 4 4 4
4
4 4
2 2
4 2
a b c + + > = =

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25
Ch : -Cu 4, tha gi thit tia Mx v im A gy ri.
-Mi cu u c cc cch lm khc
cu 5

M
O
B
C
K
E
B

1
2 1
1
Cach 2: t x =
4 4 4
= = a; y b;z c => x, y , z > 0 v x
4
+ y
4
+ z
4
= 4.
BT cn CM tng ng: x
3
+ y
3
+ z
3
> 2 2
hay 2 (x
3
+ y
3
+ z
3
) > 4 = x
4
+ y
4
+ z
4

x
3
( 2 -x) + y
3
( 2 -y)+ z
3
( 2 -z) > 0 (*).
Ta xt 2 trng hp:
- Nu trong 3 s x, y, z tn ti it nht mt s 2 > , gi s x 2 > th x
3

2 2 > .
Khi o: x
3
+ y
3
+ z
3
> 2 2 ( do y, z > 0).
- Nu c 3 s x, y, z u nh 2 < th BT(*) lun ung.
Vy x
3
+ y
3
+ z
3
> 2 2 c CM.
Cach 3: C th dng BT thc Csi kt hp phng php lm tri v nh gi cng
cho kt qu nhng hi di, phc tp).
S GD V O TO K THI TUYN SINH VO 10 THPT NM HC 2012-2013
KLK MN THI : TON
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht,(khng k giao )
Ngy thi: 22/06/2012


Cu 1. (2,5)
1) Gii phng trnh:
a) 2x
2
7x + 3 = 0. b) 9x
4
+ 5x
2
4 = 0.
2) Tm hm s y = ax + b, bit th hm s ca n i qua 2 im A(2;5) ; B(-2;-3).
Cu 2. (1,5)
1) Hai t i t A n B di 200km. Bit vn tc xe th nht nhanh hn vn tc xe
th hai l 10km/h nn xe th nht n B sm hn xe th hai 1 gi. Tnh vn tc
mi xe.
2) Rt gn biu thc:
( )
1
A= 1 x x ;
x 1
| |
+
|
+ \ .
vi x 0.
Cu 3. (1,5 )
Cho phng trnh: x
2
2(m+2)x + m
2
+ 4m +3 = 0.
1) Chng minh rng : Phng trnh trn lun c hai nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
vi mi
gi tr ca m.
2) Tm gi tr ca m biu thc A =
2 2
1 2
x x + t gi tr nh nht.
Cu 4. (3,5)
Cho tam gic ABC c ba gc nhn ni tip ng trn tm O (AB < AC). Hai tip
tuyn ti B v C ct nhau ti M. AM ct ng trn (O) ti im th hai D. E l trung
im on AD. EC ct ng trn (O) ti im th hai F. Chng minh rng:
1) T gic OEBM ni tip.
2) MB
2
= MA.MD.
3)

BFC MOC = .
4) BF // AM
Cu 5. (1)
Cho hai s dng x, y tha mn: x + 2y = 3. Chng minh rng:
1 2
3
x y
+ >
Bi gii s lc:
Cu 1. (2,5)
1) Gii phng trnh:
a) 2x
2
7x + 3 = 0.
A = (-7)
2
4.2.3 = 25 > 0
A = 5. Phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit:
1
2
7 5
x 3.
4
7 5 1
x
4 2
+
= =

= =

b) 9x
4
+ 5x
2
4 = 0. t x
2
= t , k : t 0.
Ta c pt: 9t
2
+ 5t 4 = 0.
a b + c = 0 t
1
= - 1 (khng TMK, loi)
t
2
=
4
9
(TMK)
t
2
=
4
9
x
2
=
4
9
x =
4 2
9 3
= .
Vy phng trnh cho c hai nghim: x
1,2
=
2
3

2) th hm s y = ax + b i qua hai im A(2;5) v B(-2;-3)
2a b 5 a 2
2a b 3 b 1
+ = =


+ = =


Vy hm s cn tm l : y = 2x + 1
Cu 2.
1) Gi vn tc xe th hai l x (km/h). k: x > 0
Vn tc xe th nht l x + 10 (km/h)
Thi gian xe th nht i qung ng t A n B l :
200
x 10 +
(gi)
Thi gian xe th hai i qung ng t A n B l :
200
x
(gi)
Xe th nht n B sm 1 gi so vi xe th hai nn ta c phng trnh:
200 200
1
x x 10
=
+

Gii phng trnh ta c x
1
= 40 , x
2
= -50 ( loi)
x
1
= 40 (TMK). Vy vn tc xe th nht l 50km/h, vn tc xe th hai l 40km/h.
2) Rt gn biu thc:
( ) ( )
1 x 1 1
A 1 x x x x
x 1 x 1
| |
| | +
= + = + |
|
|
+ + \ .
\ .

=
( )
x
x x 1
x 1
| |
+ |
|
+
\ .
= x, vi x 0.
Cu 3. (1,5 )
Cho phng trnh: x
2
2(m+2)x + m
2
+ 4m +3 = 0.
1) Chng minh rng : Phng trnh trn lun c hai nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
vi mi
gi tr ca m.
Ta c
2
2
(m 2) m 4m 3 1 ' ( A = + =

> 0 vi mi m.
Vy phng trnh cho lun c hai nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
vi mi gi tr ca m.
E
F
D
A
M
O
C
B
2) phng trnh cho lun c hai nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
vi mi gi tr ca m.
Theo h thc Vi-t ta c :
1 2
2
1 2
x x 2(m 2)
x .x m 4m 3
+ = +

= + +



A =
2 2
1 2
x x + = (x
1
+ x
2
)
2
2 x
1
x
2
= 4(m + 2)
2
2(m
2
+ 4m +3) = 2m
2
+ 8m+ 10
= 2(m
2
+ 4m) + 10
= 2(m + 2)
2
+ 2 2 vi mi
m.
Suy ra minA = 2 m + 2 = 0 m = - 2
Vy vi m = - 2 th A t min = 2
Cu 4.
1) Ta c EA = ED (gt) OE AD ( Quan h gia ng knh v dy)

OEM = 90
0
;

OBM = 90
0
(Tnh cht tip tuyn)
E v B cng nhn OM di mt gc vung T gic OEBM ni tip.
2) Ta c

1
MBD
2
= s

BD( gc ni tip chn cung BD)


1
MAB
2
= s

BD ( gc to bi tia tip tuyn v dy cung chn cung BD)


MBD MAB = . Xt tam gic MBD v tam gic MAB c:
Gc M chung,

MBD MAB = MBD A ng dng vi MAB A
MB MD
MA MB
=
MB
2
= MA.MD
3) Ta c:

1
MOC
2
=

BOC=
1
2
s

BC ( Tnh cht hai tip tuyn ct nhau);

1
BFC
2
= s

BC(gc ni tip)

BFC MOC = .
4) T gic MFOC ni tip (

F C + = 180
0
)

MFC MOC = ( hai gc ni tip cng
chn cung MC), mt khc

MOC BFC = (theo cu 3)

BFC MFC = BF // AM.
















Cu 5.
( )
2
2 2
a b a b
x y x y
+
+ >
+

Ta c x + 2y = 3 x = 3 2y , v x dng nn 3 2y > 0
Xt hiu
1 2
3
x y
+ =
2
1 2 y 6 4y 3y(3 2y) 6(y 1)
3
3 2y y y(3 2y) y(3 2y)
+
+ = =

0 ( v y > 0 v 3 2y
> 0)

1 1
3
x 2y
+ > du = xy ra
x 0, y 0 x 0, y 0
x 1
x 3 2y x 1
y 1
y 1 0 y 1
> > > >
=

= =

=

= =





S GIO DC V O TO
HI DNG


K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT CHUYN
NGUYN TRI NM HC 2012- 2013
Mn thi: TON (khng chuyn)
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Ngy thi 19 thng 6 nm 2012
thi gm : 01 trang

Cu I (2,0 im)
1) Gii phng trnh
1
1
3
x
x

= + .
2) Gii h phng trnh
3 3 3 0
3 2 11
x
x y

+ =

.
Cu II ( 1,0 im)
Rt gn biu thc
1 1 a + 1
P = + :
2 a - a 2 - a a - 2 a
| |
|
\ .
vi a > 0v a 4 = .
Cu III (1,0 im)
Mt tam gic vung c chu vi l 30 cm, di hai cnh gc vung hn km nhau 7cm.
Tnh di cc cnh ca tam gic vung .
Cu IV (2,0 im)
Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho ng thng (d): y = 2x - m+1 v parabol (P):
2
1
y= x
2
.
1) Tm m ng thng (d) i qua im A(-1; 3).
2) Tm m (d) ct (P) ti hai im phn bit c ta (x
1
; y
1
) v (x
2
; y
2
) sao cho
( )
1 2 1 2
x x y + y 48 0 + = .
Cu V (3,0 im)
Cho ng trn tm O ng knh AB. Trn ng trn ly im C sao cho AC < BC
(C= A). Cc tip tuyn ti B v C ca (O) ct nhau im D, AD ct (O) ti E (E= A) .
1) Chng minh BE
2
= AE.DE.
2) Qua C k ng thng song song vi BD ct AB ti H, DO ct BC ti F. Chng
minh t gic CHOF ni tip .
3) Gi I l giao im ca AD v CH. Chng minh I l trung im ca CH.
Cu VI ( 1,0 im)
Cho 2 s dng a, b tha mn
1 1
2
a b
+ = . Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc

4 2 2 4 2 2
1 1
2 2
Q
a b ab b a ba
= +
+ + + +
.

----------------------------Ht----------------------------

H v tn th sinh. S bo danh...
Ch k ca gim th 1: . Ch k ca gim th 2:


CHNH THC
S GIO DC V O TO
HI DNG
K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT CHUYN
NGUYN TRI NM HC 2012 - 2013
HNG DN V BIU IM CHM MN TON (khng chuyn)
Hng dn chm gm : 02 trang
I) HNG DN CHUNG.
- Th sinh lm bi theo cch ring nhng p ng c yu cu c bn vn cho im.
- Vic chi tit im s (nu c) so vi biu im phi c thng nht trong Hi ng chm.
- Sau khi cng im ton bi, im l n 0,25 im.
II) P N V BIU IM CHM.
Cu Ni dung
im
Cu I (2,0)

1
1 1 3( 1)
3
x
x x x

= + = +
0,25
1 3 3 x x = + 0,25
2 4 x =
0,25
1) 1,0 im
2 x = .Vy phng trnh cho c mt nghim x = -2 0,25
3 3 3 0(1)
3 2 11 (2)
x
x y

+ =

T (1)=> 3 3 3 x =
0,25
<=>x=3 0,25
Thay x=3 vo (2)=>3.3 2 11 y + = <=>2y=2 0,25
2) 1,0 im
<=>y=1 . Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim (x;y)=(3;1) 0,25
( )
1 1 a +1
P= + :
2- a 2 a 2- a a a
(
(
(



0,25
1+ a 2
=
a (2 ) a +1
a a
a


0,25
( )
( )
a a 2
=
a 2- a


0,25
Cu II (1,0)
a 2
=
2- a

=-1
0,25
Gi di cnh gc vung nh l x (cm) (iu kin 0< x < 15)
=> di cnh gc vung cn li l (x + 7 )(cm)
V chu vi ca tam gic l 30cm nn di cnh huyn l 30(x + x +7)=
232x (cm)
0,25
Theo nh l Py ta- go ta c phng trnh
2 2 2
x + (x + 7) = (23 - 2x) 0,25
2
x - 53x + 240 = 0 (1) Gii phng trnh (1) c nghim x = 5; x =
48
0,25
Cu III (1,0)
i chiu vi iu kin c x = 5 (TM k); x = 48 (khng TM k)
Vy di mt cnh gc vung l 5cm, di cnh gc vung cn li l
12 cm, di cnh huyn l 30 (5 + 12) = 13cm
0,25
Cu IV (2,0)

V (d) i qua im A(-1; 3) nn thay x = -1 v y = 3 vo hm s y = 2x
m + 1 ta c 2.(-1) m +1 = 3
0,25
-1 m = 3 0,25
1) 1,0 im
m = -4 0,25
Vy m = -4 th (d) i qua im A(-1; 3) 0,25
Honh giao im ca (d) v (P) l nghim ca phng
trnh
2
1
x 2 1
2
x m = +
0,25
2
x 4 2 2 0 (1) x m + = ; (d) ct (P) ti hai im phn bit nn (1) c
hai nghim phn bit ' 0 6 2 0 3 m m A > > <
0,25
V (x
1
; y
1
) v (x
2
; y
2
) l ta giao im ca (d) v (P) nn x
1
; x
2
l
nghim ca phng trnh (1) v
1 1
y =2 1 x m + ,
2 2
y =2 1 x m +
Theo h thc Vi-et ta c
1 2 1 2
x + x = 4, x x = 2m-2 .Thay y
1
,y
2
vo
( )
1 2 1 2
x x y +y 48 0 + = c ( )
1 2 1 2
x x 2x +2x -2m+2 48 0 + =
(2m - 2)(10 - 2m) + 48 = 0
0,25
2) 1,0 im
2
m - 6m - 7 = 0 m=-1(tha mn m<3) hoc m=7(khng tha mn
m<3)
Vy m = -1 tha mn bi
0,25
Cu V (3,0)

V ng hnh theo yu cu chung ca bi

0,25
VBD l tip tuyn ca (O) nn BD OB => ABD vung ti B 0,25
V AB l ng knh ca (O) nn AE BE 0,25
1) 1,0 im
p dng h thc lng trong ABD (

0
ABD=90 ;BE AD) ta c BE
2
=
AE.DE
0,25

C DB= DC (t/c hai tip tuyn ct nhau), OB = OC
(bn knh ca (O))
=> OD l ng trung trc ca on BC =>

0
OFC=90 (1)
0,25
C CH // BD (gt), m AB BD (v BD l tip tuyn ca (O)) 0,25
=> CH AB =>

0
OHC=90 (2)
0,25
2) 1,0 im
T (1) v (2) ta c
0
OFC+ OHC = 180 => t gic CHOF ni tip
0,25
C CH //BD=>

HCB=CBD (hai gc v tr so le trong) m
BCD cn ti D =>

CBD DCB = nn CB l tia phn gic ca

HCD
0,25
do CA CB => CA l tia phn gic gc ngoi nh C ca
ICD
AI CI
=
AD CD
(3)
0,25
3)1,0 im
Trong ABDc HI // BD =>
AI HI
=
AD BD
(4)
0,25
E
I
F
D
H
A
O
C
B
E
D
A
O
C
B
T (3) v (4) =>
CI HI
=
CD BD
m CD=BD CI=HI I l trung im ca CH
0,25
Vi 0; 0 a b > > ta c:
2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2
( ) 0 2 0 2 a b a a b b a b a b > + > + >
4 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 a b ab a b ab + + > +
( )
4 2 2
1 1
(1)
2 2 a b ab ab a b
s
+ + +

0,25
Tng t c
( )
4 2 2
1 1
(2)
2 2 b a a b ab a b
s
+ + +
. T (1) v (2)
( )
1
Q
ab a b
s
+

0,25
V
1 1
2 2 a b ab
a b
+ = + = m 2 1 a b ab ab + > >
2
1 1
2( ) 2
Q
ab
s s .
0,25
Cu VI
(1,0)
Khi a = b = 1 th
1
2
Q = . Vy gi tr ln nht ca biu thc l
1
2

0,25



S GIO DC V O TO
TUYN QUANG

chnh thc
THI TUYN SINH VO LP 10 THPT
Nm hc 2011 - 2012
MN THI: TON
Thi gian: 120 pht (khng k thi gian giao )


c 01 trang

Cu 1 (3,0 im)
a) Gii phng trnh:
2
6 9 0 x x + =

b) Gii h phng trnh:
4 3 6
3 4 10
x y
y x
=

+ =


c) Gii phng trnh:
2
6 9 2011 x x x + =

Cu 2 (2,5 im)
Mt ca n chy xui dng t A n B ri chy ngc dng t B n A ht tt c 4
gi. Tnh vn tc ca n khi nc yn lng, bit rng qung sng AB di 30 km v
vn tc dng nc l 4 km/gi.
Cu 3 (2,5 im)
Trn ng trn (O) ly hai im M, N sao cho M, O, N khng thng hng. Hai
tip tuyn ti M , N vi ng trn (O) ct nhau ti A. T O k ng vung gc
vi OM ct AN ti S. T A k ng vung gc vi AM ct ON ti I. Chng
minh:
a) SO = SA
b) Tam gic OIA cn
Cu 4 (2,0 im).
a) Tm nghim nguyn ca phng trnh: x
2
+ 2y
2
+ 2xy + 3y 4 = 0
b) Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A. Gi I l giao im cc ng phn gic trong.
Bit AB = 5 cm, IC = 6 cm. Tnh BC.

---------Ht -------
Hng dn chm, biu im
MN THI: TON CHUNG
Ni dung
im
Cu 1 (3,0 im)
a) Gii phng trnh:
2
6 9 0 x x + =
1,0
Bi gii: Ta c
' 2
( 3) 9 0 A = = 0,5
Phng trnh c nghim:
6
3
2
x

= = 0,5
b) Gii h phng trnh:
4 3 6 (1)
3 4 10 ( 2)
x y
y x
=

+ =


1,0
Bi gii: Cng (1) v (2) ta c: 4x - 3y + 3y + 4x = 16 8x = 16 x = 2
0,5
Thay x = 2 vo (1): 4. 2 3y = 6 y =
2
3
. Tp nghim:
2
2
3
x
y
=

0,5
c) Gii phng trnh:
2
6 9 2011 x x x + =
(3)
1,0

Bi gii: Ta c ( )
2
2
6 9 3 3 x x x x + = =

0,5
Mt khc:
2
6 9 0 2011 0 2011 3 3 x x x x x x + > > > =

Vy: (3) 3 2011 3 2011 x x = = . Phng trnh v nghim
0,5

Cu 2 (2,5 im )Mt ca n chy xui dng t A n B ri chy ngc dng
t B n A ht tt c 4 gi. Tnh vn tc ca n khi nc yn lng, bit rng
qung sng AB di 30 km v vn tc dng nc l 4 km/gi.
2,5
Bi gii: Gi vn tc ca ca n khi nc yn lng l x km/gi ( x > 4) 0,5
Vn tc ca ca n khi xui dng l x +4 (km/gi), khi ngc dng l x - 4
(km/gi). Thi gian ca n xui dng t A n B l
30
4 x +
gi, i ngc dng
t B n A l
30
4 x
gi.
0,5
Theo bi ra ta c phng trnh:
30 30
4
4 4 x x
+ =
+
(4) 0,5
2
( 4) 30( 4) 30( 4) 4( 4)( 4) 15 16 0 1 x x x x x x x + + = + = =
hoc x = 16. Nghim x = -1 <0 nn b loi
0,5
Vy vn tc ca ca n khi nc yn lng l 16km/gi. 0,5
Cu 3 (2,5 im) Trn ng trn (O) ly hai im M, N sao cho M, O, N
khng thng hng. Hai tip tuyn ti M , N vi ng trn (O) ct nhau ti
A. T O k ng vung gc vi OM ct AN ti S. T A k ng vung
gc vi AM ct ON ti I. Chng minh: a) SO = SA. b) Tam gic OIA cn








A
S
O
N
M
I



0,5
a) Chng minh: SA = SO
1,0
V AM, AN l cc tip tuyn nn:

MAO SAO = (1)
0,5
V MA//SO nn:

MAO SOA = (so le trong) (2)
T (1) v (2) ta c:

SAO SOA = ASAO cn SA = SO (.p.c.m)
0,5
b) Chng minh tam gic OIA cn
1,0
V AM, AN l cc tip tuyn nn:

MOA NOA = (3)
0,5
V MO//AI nn:

OAI MOA= (so le trong) (4)
T (3) v (4) ta c:

IOA IAO = AOIA cn (.p.c.m)
0,5
Cu 4 (2,0 im).

a) Tm nghim nguyn ca phng trnh: x
2
+ 2y
2
+ 2xy + 3y 4 = 0 (1)
1,0
Bi gii: (1) (x
2
+ 2xy + y
2
) + (y
2
+ 3y 4) = 0
(x

+ y)
2
+ (y - 1)(y + 4) = 0
(y - 1)(y + 4) = - (x

+ y)
2
(2)
0,5
V - (x

+ y)
2
s 0 vi mi x, y nn: (y - 1)(y + 4) s 0 -4 s y s 1
V y nguyn nn y e { } 4; 3; 2; 1; 0; 1
Thay cc gi tr nguyn ca y vo (2) ta tm c cc cp nghim nguyn (x; y)
ca PT cho l: (4; -4), (1; -3), (5; -3), ( -2; 0), (-1; 1).
0,5
b) Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A. Gi I l giao im cc ng phn gic
trong. Bit AB = 5 cm, IC = 6 cm. Tnh BC.

































5
x
6
D
B
A
C
I
E

Bi gii:
Gi D l hnh chiu vung gc
ca C trn ng thng BI, E l
giao im ca AB v CD. ABIC
c

DIC l gc ngoi nn:

DIC =

0 0
1
( ) 90 : 2 45
2
IBC ICB B C + = + = =
DIC A vung cn DC = 6 : 2
Mt khc BD l ng phn gic
v ng cao nn tam gic BEC
cn ti B EC = 2 DC = 12: 2
v BC = BE
Gi x = BC = BE. (x > 0). p dng nh l Pi-ta-go vo cc tam gic vung
ABC v ACE ta c: AC
2
= BC
2
AB
2
= x
2
5
2
= x
2
-25
EC
2
= AC
2
+ AE
2
= x
2
-25 + (x 5)
2
= 2x
2
10x
(12: 2 )
2
= 2x
2
10x
x
2
- 5x 36 = 0
Gii phng trnh ta c nghim x = 9 tho mn. Vy BC = 9 (cm)





O,5
Ch : p n ch trnh by 1 cch gii i vi mi bi ton. Cc cch gii khc
nu ng vn cho im ti a.
S GIO DC V O TO K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT
H NI Nm hc: 2012 2013

CHNH THC Mn thi: Ton
Ngy thi: 21 thng 6 nm 2012
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Bi I (2,5 im)
1) Cho biu thc
x 4
A
x 2
+
=
+
. Tnh gi tr ca A khi x = 36
2) Rt gn biu thc
x 4 x 16
B :
x 4 x 4 x 2
| |
+
= +
|
|
+ +
\ .
(vi x 0; x 16 > = )
3) Vi cc ca biu thc A v B ni trn, hy tm cc gi tr ca x nguyn gi tr ca
biu thc B(A 1) l s nguyn
Bi II (2,0 im). Gii bi ton sau bng cch lp phng trnh hoc h phng trnh:
Hai ngi cng lm chung mt cng vic trong
12
5
gi th xong. Nu mi ngi lm
mt mnh th ngi th nht hon thnh cng vic trong t hn ngi th hai l 2 gi. Hi nu
lm mt mnh th mi ngi phi lm trong bao nhiu thi gian xong cng vic?
Bi III (1,5 im)
1) Gii h phng trnh:
2 1
2
x y
6 2
1
x y

+ =


2) Cho phng trnh: x
2
(4m 1)x + 3m
2
2m = 0 (n x). Tm m phng trnh c
hai nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
tha mn iu kin :
2 2
1 2
x x 7 + =
Bi IV (3,5 im)
Cho ng trn (O; R) c ng knh AB. Bn knh CO vung gc vi AB, M l mt
im bt k trn cung nh AC (M khc A, C); BM ct AC ti H. Gi K l hnh chiu ca H
trn AB.
1) Chng minh CBKH l t gic ni tip.
2) Chng minh

ACM ACK =
3) Trn an thng BM ly im E sao cho BE = AM. Chng minh tam gic ECM l
tam gic vung cn ti C
4) Gi d l tip tuyn ca (O) ti im A; cho P l im nm trn d sao cho hai im P,
C nm trong cng mt na mt phng b AB v
AP.MB
R
MA
= . Chng minh ng thng PB i
qua trung im ca on thng HK
Bi V (0,5 im). Vi x, y l cc s dng tha mn iu kin x 2y > , tm gi tr nh nht ca
biu thc:
2 2
x y
M
xy
+
=
.Ht
Lu : Gim th khng gii thch g thm.

H v tn th sinh: ..S bo danh: ..
Ch k ca gim th 1: Ch k ca gim th 2:



GI P N
Bi I: (2,5 im)
1) Vi x = 36, ta c : A =
36 4 10 5
8 4 36 2
+
= =
+

2) Vi x >, x = 16 ta c :
B =
x( x 4) 4( x 4) x 2
x 16 x 16 x 16
| |
+ +
+
|
|
+
\ .
=
(x 16)( x 2) x 2
(x 16)(x 16) x 16
+ + +
=
+

3) Ta c:
2 4 2 2 2
( 1) . 1 .
16 16 16
2 2
x x x
B A
x x x
x x
| |
+ + +
= = =
|
|

+ +
\ .
.
( 1) B A nguyn, x nguyn th 16 x l c ca 2, m (2) = } {
1; 2
Ta c bng gi tr tng ng:
16 x
1
1
2
2
x 17 15 18 14
Kt hp K 0, 16 x x > = , ( 1) B A nguyn th } {
14; 15; 17; 18 x e
Bi II: (2,0 im)
Gi thi gian ngi th nht hon thnh mt mnh xong cng vic l x (gi), K
12
5
x >
Th thi gian ngi th hai lm mt mnh xong cng vic l x + 2 (gi)
Mi gi ngi th nht lm c
1
x
(cv), ngi th hai lm c
1
2 x +
(cv)
V c hai ngi cng lm xong cng vic trong
12
5
gi nn mi gi c hai i lm
c
12
1:
5
=
5
12
(cv)
Do ta c phng trnh

1 1 5
x x 2 12
+ =
+

2 5
( 2) 12
x x
x x
+ +
=
+

5x
2
14x 24 = 0
A = 49 + 120 = 169,
,
13 A =
=>

= =
7 13 6
5 5
x (loi) v
+
= = =
7 13 20
4
5 5
x (TMK)
Vy ngi th nht lm xong cng vic trong 4 gi,
ngi th hai lm xong cng vic trong 4+2 = 6 gi.
Bi III: (1,5 im) 1)Gii h:
2 1
2
6 2
1
x y
x y

+ =

, (K: , 0 x y = ).
H
4 2 4 6 10
4 2 4 1 5
2
2 1
2 1 2 1 2 6 2 1
2 2
1 2
x
x x y
x x x
y
y
x y x y
x y

+ = = + = + =


=


+ = =


+ = + =
=


.(TMK)
Vy h c nghim (x;y)=(2;1).

2) + Phng trnh cho c A = (4m 1)
2
12m
2
+ 8m = 4m
2
+ 1 > 0, m
Vy phng trnh c 2 nghim phn bit m
+ Theo L Vi t, ta c:
1 2
2
1 2
4 1
3 2
x x m
x x m m
+ =

.
Khi :
2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
7 ( ) 2 7 x x x x x x + = + =
(4m 1)
2
2(3m
2
2m) = 7 10m
2
4m 6 = 0 5m
2
2m 3 = 0
Ta thy tng cc h s: a + b + c = 0 => m = 1 hay m =
3
5

.
Tr li: Vy....







Bi IV: (3,5 im)












1) Ta c

0
90 HCB = ( do chn na ng trn k AB)

0
90 HKB = (do K l hnh chiu ca H trn AB)
=>

0
180 HCB HKB + = nn t gic CBKH ni tip trong ng trn ng knh HB.
2) Ta c

ACM ABM = (do cng chn

AM ca (O))
v

ACK HCK HBK = = (v cng chn

HK .ca trn k HB)


Vy

ACM ACK =
3) V OC AB nn C l im chnh gia ca cung AB AC = BC v

0
90 sd AC sd BC = =
Xt 2 tam gic MAC v EBC c

A
B
C
M

H
K
O
E
MA= EB(gt), AC = CB(cmt) v

MAC =

MBC v cng chn cung

MC ca (O)
MAC v EBC (cgc) CM = CE tam gic MCE cn ti C (1)
Ta li c

0
45 CMB = (v chn cung

0
90 CB = )
.

0
45 CEM CMB = = (tnh cht tam gic MCE cn ti C)
M

0
180 CME CEM MCE + + = (Tnh cht tng ba gc trong tam gic)

0
90 MCE = (2)
T (1), (2) tam gic MCE l tam gic vung cn ti C (pcm).






















4) Gi S l giao im ca BM v ng thng (d), N l giao im ca BP vi HK.
Xt APAM v A OBM :
Theo gi thit ta c
. AP MB AP OB
R
MA MA MB
= = (v c R = OB).
Mt khc ta c

PAM ABM = (v cng chn cung

AM ca (O))
APAM A OBM
= = = 1
AP OB
PA PM
PM OM
.(do OB = OM = R) (3)
V

=
0
90 AMB (do chn na trn(O))

=
0
90 AMS
tam gic AMS vung ti M.

+ =
0
90 PAM PSM
v

+ =
0
90 PMA PMS

= = PMS PSM PS PM (4)
M PM = PA(cmt) nn

= PAM PMA
T (3) v (4) PA = PS hay P l trung im ca AS.
V HK//AS (cng vung gc AB) nn theo L Ta-lt, ta c: = =
NK BN HN
PA BP PS
hay =
NK HN
PA PS

m PA = PS(cmt) = NK NH hay BP i qua trung im N ca HK. (pcm)


A
B
C
M

H
K
O
S
P
E
N

Bi V: (0,5 im)

Cch 1(khng s dng BT Co Si)
Ta c M =
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
( 4 4 ) 4 3 ( 2 ) 4 3 x y x xy y xy y x y xy y
xy xy xy
+ + + +
= = =
2
( 2 ) 3
4
x y y
xy x

+

V (x 2y)
2
0, du = xy ra x = 2y
x 2y
1 3 3
2 2
y y
x x

s > , du = xy ra x = 2y
T ta c M 0 + 4 -
3
2
=
5
2
, du = xy ra x = 2y
Vy GTNN ca M l
5
2
, t c khi x = 2y





Cch 2:
Ta c M =
2 2 2 2
3
( )
4 4
x y x y x y x y x
xy xy xy y x y x y
+
= + = + = + +
V x, y > 0 , p dng bdt Co si cho 2 s dng ;
4
x y
y x
ta c 2 . 1
4 4
x y x y
y x y x
+ > = ,
du = xy ra x = 2y
V x 2y
3 6 3
2 .
4 4 2
x x
y y
> > = , du = xy ra x = 2y
T ta c M 1 +
3
2
=
5
2
, du = xy ra x = 2y
Vy GTNN ca M l
5
2
, t c khi x = 2y
Cch 3:

Ta c M =
2 2 2 2
4 3
( )
x y x y x y x y y
xy xy xy y x y x x
+
= + = + = +
V x, y > 0 , p dng bdt Co si cho 2 s dng
4
;
x y
y x
ta c
4 4
2 . 4
x y x y
y x y x
+ > = ,
du = xy ra x = 2y
V x 2y
1 3 3
2 2
y y
x x

s > , du = xy ra x = 2y
T ta c M 4-
3
2
=
5
2
, du = xy ra x = 2y
Vy GTNN ca M l
5
2
, t c khi x = 2y
Cch 4:
Ta c M =
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2
4 3
3 3
4 4 4 4 4
4 4
x x x x x
y y y y
x y x x
xy xy xy xy xy xy y
+ + + + +
+
= = = + = +
V x, y > 0 , p dng bdt Co si cho 2 s dng
2
2
;
4
x
y ta c
2 2
2 2
2 .
4 4
x x
y y xy + > = ,
du = xy ra x = 2y
V x 2y
3 6 3
2 .
4 4 2
x x
y y
> > = , du = xy ra x = 2y
T ta c M
xy
xy
+
3
2
= 1+
3
2
=
5
2
, du = xy ra x = 2y
Vy GTNN ca M l
5
2
, t c khi x = 2y





S GIO DC V O TO K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT
TP.HCM Nm hc: 2012 2013
CHNH THC MN: TON
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Bi 1: (2 im)
Gii cc phng trnh v h phng trnh sau:
a)
2
2 3 0 = x x

b)
2 3 7
3 2 4
=

+ =

x y
x y

c)
4 2
12 0 + = x x

d)
2
2 2 7 0 = x x

Bi 2: (1,5 im)
a) V th (P) ca hm s
2
1
4
= y x
v ng thng (D):
1
2
2
= + y x
trn cng
mt h trc to .
b) Tm to cc giao im ca (P) v (D) cu trn bng php tnh.
Bi 3: (1,5 im)
Thu gn cc biu thc sau:
1 2 1
1
= +
+
x
A
x x x x x
vi x > 0;
1 = x

(2 3) 26 15 3 (2 3) 26 15 3 = + + B

Bi 4: (1,5 im)
Cho phng trnh
2
2 2 0 + = x mx m
(x l n s)
Chng minh rng phng trnh lun lun c 2 nghim phn bit vi mi m.
Gi x1, x2 l cc nghim ca phng trnh.
Tm m biu thc M =
2 2
1 2 1 2
24
6

+ x x x x
t gi tr nh nht
Bi 5: (3,5 im)
Cho ng trn (O) c tm O v im M nm ngoi ng trn (O). ng thng MO
ct (O) ti E v F (ME<MF). V ct tuyn MAB v tip tuyn MC ca (O) (C l tip
im, A nm gia hai im M v B, A v C nm khc pha i vi ng thng MO).
Chng minh rng MA.MB = ME.MF
Gi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca im C ln ng thng MO. Chng minh t gic
AHOB ni tip.
Trn na mt phng b OM c cha im A, v na ng trn ng knh MF; na
ng trn ny ct tip tuyn ti E ca (O) K. Gi S l giao im ca hai ng
thng CO v KF. Chng minh rng ng thng MS vung gc vi ng thng KC.
Gi P v Q ln lt l tm ng trn ngoi tip cc tam gic EFS v ABS v T l
trung im ca KS. Chng minh ba im P, Q, T thng hng.










BI GII
Bi 1: (2 im)
Gii cc phng trnh v h phng trnh sau:
a)
2
2 3 0 = x x
(a)
V phng trnh (a) c a - b + c = 0 nn
(a)
3
1
2
= = x hay x

b)
2 3 7 (1)
3 2 4 (2)
=

+ =

x y
x y

2 3 7 (1)
5 3 (3) ((2) (1) )
=

+ =

x y
x y

13 13 ((1) 2(3))
5 3 (3) ((2) (1) )
=

+ =

y
x y


1
2
=

y
x

c)
4 2
12 0 + = x x
(C)
t u = x2 > 0, phng trnh thnh : u2 + u 12 = 0 (*)
(*) c A = 49 nn (*)
1 7
3
2
+
= = u
hay
1 7
4
2

= = u
(loi)
Do , (C) x2 = 3 x =
3

Cch khc : (C) (x2 3)(x2 + 4) = 0 x2 = 3 x =
3

d)
2
2 2 7 0 = x x
(d)
A = 2 + 7 = 9 do (d) x =
2 3


Bi 2:
a) th:











Lu : (P) i qua O(0;0),
( ) ( ) 2;1 , 4; 4

(D) i qua
( ) ( ) 4; 4 , 2;1

b) PT honh giao im ca (P) v (D) l
2
1 1
2
4 2
= + x x
x2 + 2x 8 = 0
4 2 = = x hay x

y(-4) = 4, y(2) = 1
Vy to giao im ca (P) v (D) l
( ) ( ) 4; 4 , 2;1
.
Bi 3:Thu gn cc biu thc sau:
1 2 1
1
= +
+
x
A
x x x x x

2
2
1

= +

x x x x x
x x x


2 2
( 1) 1

= +

x x
x x x
2 1
1
1
(
= +
(


x
x x

2 ( 1)
( 1)

x x
x x

2
=
x
vi x > 0;
1 = x

(2 3) 26 15 3 (2 3) 26 15 3 = + + B

1 1
(2 3) 52 30 3 (2 3) 52 30 3
2 2
= + +

2 2
1 1
(2 3) (3 3 5) (2 3) (3 3 5)
2 2
= + +

1 1
(2 3)(3 3 5) (2 3)(3 3 5) 2
2 2
= + + =


Cu 4:
a/ Phng trnh (1) c = m2 - 4m +8 = (m - 2)2 +4 > 0 vi mi m nn phng trnh
(1) c 2 nghim phn bit vi mi m.
b/ Do , theo Viet, vi mi m, ta c: S =
2
b
m
a
=
; P =
2 =
c
m
a

M =
2
1 2 1 2
24
( ) 8

+ x x x x
=
2 2
24 6
4 8 16 2 4

=
+ + m m m m

2
6
( 1) 3

=
+ m
. Khi m = 1 ta c
2
( 1) 3 + m
nh nht
2
6
( 1) 3
=
+
M
m
ln nht khi m = 1
2
6
( 1) 3

=
+
M
m
nh nht khi m = 1
Vy M t gi tr nh nht l - 2 khi m = 1

Cu 5




V ta c do hai tam gic ng dng MAE v MBF
Nn
MA MF
ME MB
=

MA.MB = ME.MF (Phng tch ca M i vi ng trn tm O)


Do h thc lng trong ng trn ta c MA.MB = MC
2
, mt khc h thc lng trong
tam gic vung MCO ta c MH.MO = MC2

MA.MB = MH.MO nn t gic AHOB


ni tip trong ng trn.
Xt t gic MKSC ni tip trong ng trn ng knh MS (c hai gc K v C
vung).Vy ta c : MK2 = ME.MF = MC2 nn MK = MC. Do MS chnh l ng
trung trc ca KC nn MS vung gc vi KC ti V.
Do h thc lng trong tam gic MCS ta c MC2 = MV . MS => MA.MB = MV.MS
nn S,V thuc ng trn tm Q .
Tng t vi ta cng c MC2 = MV.MS = ME.MF nn S, V thuc ng trn tm P t
dy chung SV vung gc ng ni tm PQ v l ng trung trc ca VS (ng
ni hai tm ca hai ng trn). Nn PQ cng i qua trung im ca KS (do nh l
trung bnh ca tam gic SKV). Vy 3 im T, Q, P thng hng.

























S GIO DC O TO K THI VO LP 10 CHUYN LAM SN
THANH HO NM HC 2012 - 2013
CHNH THC Mn thi : TON
( gm c 01 trang) (Mn chung cho tt cc th sinh)
Thi gian lm bi :120 pht (Khng k thi gian giao )
Ngy thi : 17 thng 6 nm 2012
Cu 1: (2.0 im ) Cho biu thc :
1 1 1
4
1 1 2
a a
P a
a a a a
| |
+
= +
|
|
+
\ .
, (Vi a > 0 , a =1)
1. Chng minh rng :
2
1
P
a
=


2. Tm gi tr ca a P = a
Cu 2 (2,0 im ) : Trong mt phng to Oxy, cho Parabol (P) : y = x
2
v ng thng (d) : y = 2x
+ 3
1. Chng minh rng (d) v (P) c hai im chung phn bit
2. Gi A v B l cc im chung ca (d) v (P) . Tnh din tch tam gic OAB ( O l gc to
)
Cu 3 (2.0 im) : Cho phng trnh : x
2
+ 2mx + m
2
2m + 4 = 0
1. Gii phng trnh khi m = 4
2. Tm m phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit
Cu 4 (3.0 im) : Cho ng trn (O) c ng knh AB c nh, M l mt im thuc (O) ( M khc
A v B ) . Cc tip tuyn ca (O) ti A v M ct nhau C. ng trn (I) i qua M v tip xc vi
ng thng AC ti C. CD l ng knh ca (I). Chng minh rng:
1. Ba im O, M, D thng hng
2. Tam gic COD l tam gic cn
3. ng thng i qua D v vung gc vi BC lun i qua mt im c nh khi M di ng trn
ng trn (O)
Cu 5 (1.0 im) : Cho a,b,c l cc s dng khng m tho mn :
2 2 2
3 a b c + + =

Chng minh rng :
2 2 2
1
2 3 2 3 2 3 2
a b c
a b b c c a
+ + s
+ + + + + +

------------------------ Ht ------------------------
BI GII
CU NI DUNG IM
1. Chng minh rng :
2
1
P
a
=


1 1 1
4
1 1 2
a a
P a
a a a a
| |
+
= +
|
|
+
\ .

( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )( )
2 2
1 1 4 1 1
1
.
2 1 1
a a a a a
P
a a a a
+ + +
=
+

( )( )
2 1 2 1 4 4 1
.
2 1 1
a a a a a a a
P
a a a a
+ + + +
=
+

4 1 2
.
1 1 2
a a
P
a a a a
= =

(PCM)

1.0
1
2. Tm gi tr ca a P = a. P = a
=>
2
2
2 0
1
a a a
a
= => =

.
Ta c 1 + 1 + (-2) = 0, nn phng trnh c 2 nghim
a
1
= -1 < 0 (khng tho mn iu kin) - Loi
a
2
=
2
2
1
c
a

= =
(Tho mn iu kin)
Vy a = 2 th P = a
1.0
1. Chng minh rng (d) v (P) c hai im chung phn bit
Honh giao im ng thng (d) v Parabol (P) l nghim ca phng trnh
x
2
= 2x + 3 => x
2
2x 3 = 0 c a b + c = 0
Nn phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit
x
1
= -1 v x
2
=
3
3
1
c
a

= =

Vi x
1
= -1 => y
1
= (-1)
2
= 1 => A (-1; 1)
Vi x
2
= 3 => y
2
= 3
2
= 9 => B (3; 9)
Vy (d) v (P) c hai im chung phn bit A v B
1.0
2
2. Gi A v B l cc im chung ca (d) v (P) . Tnh din tch tam gic OAB (
O l gc to )
Ta biu din cc im A v B trn mt phng to Oxy nh hnh v

1
D C
B
A
9
3 -1
0

1 9
. .4 20
2 2
ABCD
AD BC
S DC
+ +
= = =
1.0
. 9.3
13, 5
2 2
BOC
BC CO
S = = =
. 1.1
0, 5
2 2
AOD
AD DO
S = = =
Theo cng thc cng din tch ta c:
S
(ABC)
= S
(ABCD)
- S
(BCO)
- S
(ADO)

= 20 13,5 0,5 = 6 (vdt)
1. Khi m = 4, ta c phng trnh
x
2
+ 8x + 12 = 0 c A = 16 12 = 4 > 0
Vy phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit
x
1
= - 4 + 2 = - 2 v x
2
= - 4 - 2 = - 6
1.0
3
2. Tm m phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit
x
2
+ 2mx + m
2
2m + 4 = 0
C D = m
2
(m
2
2m + 4) = 2m 4
phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit th D > 0
=> 2m 4 > 0 => 2(m 2) > 0 => m 2 > 0 => m > 2
Vy vi m > 2 th phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit
1.0
1
2
N
K
H
D
I C
O
A B
M

1. Ba im O, M, D thng hng:
Ta c MC l tip tuyn ca ng trn (O) MC MO (1)
Xt ng trn (I) : Ta c

0
90 CMD = MC MD (2)
T (1) v (2) => MO // MD MO v MD trng nhau
O, M, D thng hng
1.0
2. Tam gic COD l tam gic cn
CA l tip tuyn ca ng trn (O) CA AB(3)
ng trn (I) tip xc vi AC ti C CA CD(4)
T (3) v (4) CD // AB =>

DCO COA = (*)
( Hai gc so le trong)
CA, CM l hai tip tuyn ct nhau ca (O)

COA COD = (**)
T (*) v (**)

DOC DCO = Tam gic COD cn ti D
1.0
4
3. ng thng i qua D v vung gc vi BC lun i qua mt im c nh khi
M di ng trn ng trn (O)
* Gi chn ng vung gc h t D ti BC l H.

0
90 CHD = H e (I) (Bi
ton qu tch)
DH ko di ct AB ti K.
Gi N l giao im ca CO v ng trn (I)
1.0
=>

0
90
can tai D
CND
NC NO
COD

=
=


Ta c t gic NHOK ni tip
V c

2 1
H O DCO = = ( Cng b vi gc DHN)

0
180 NHO NKO + = (5)
* Ta c :

NDH NCH = (Cng chn cung NH ca ng trn (I))

( )
CBO HND HCD = = ADHN ACOB (g.g)
...
...
HN OB
HD OC
OB OA HN ON
OC OC HD CD
OA CN ON
OC CD CD

= =
`

= =

)
M

ONH CDH =
ANHO ADHC (c.g.c)

0
90 NHO = M

0
180 NHO NKO + = (5)

0
90 NKO = , NK AB NK
// AC K l trung im ca OA c nh (PCM)
5
Cu 5 (1.0 im) : Cho a,b,c l cc s dng khng m tho mn :
2 2 2
3 a b c + + =

Chng minh rng :
2 2 2
1
2 3 2 3 2 3 2
a b c
a b b c c a
+ + s
+ + + + + +

* C/M b :
( )
2
2 2
a b
a b
x y x y
+
+ >
+
v
( )
2
2 2 2
a b c
a b c
x y x x y z
+ +
+ + >
+ +
.
Tht vy
( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2
2 2
2 2
0
a b
a b
a y b x x y xy a b ay bx
x y x y
+
+ > <=> + + > + <=> >
+

(ng) PCM
p dng 2 ln , ta c:
( )
2
2 2 2
a b c
a b c
x y x x y z
+ +
+ + >
+ +

* Ta c :
2 2
2 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 a b a b a b + + = + + + > + +
, tng t Ta c:
2 2 2
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
a b c a b c
A
a b b c c a a b b c c a
= + + s + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +

1
(1)
2 1 1 1
B
a b c
A
a b b c c a
| |
s + +
|
+ + + + + +
\ .


Ta chng minh 1
1 1 1
a b c
a b b c c a
+ + s
+ + + + + +


( )
( )( )
( )
( )( )
( )
( )( )
2 2 2
3
1 1 1 2
1 1 1
1 1 1
2
1 1 1
1 1 1
2
1 1 1
1 1 1
2 (2)
1 1 1 1 1 1
B
a b c
a b b c c a
b c a
a b b c c a
b c a
a b b c c a
b c a
a b b b c c c a a

+ + s
+ + + + + +

+ + s
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + >
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + >
+ + + + + + + + +


1.0
* p dng B trn ta c:

( )
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
2
3
3
1 1 1 1 1 1
a b c
B
a b b b c c c a a
+ + +
>
+ + + + + + + + + + +


( )
2
2 2 2
3
3 (3)
3( ) 3
a b c
B
a b c ab bc ca a b c
+ + +
>
+ + + + + + + + +

* M:

( )
( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2
2 2 2
2 3( ) 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 6 6 6 6
2 2 2 2 2 2 6 6 6 6 ( : 3)
2 2 2 6 6 6 9
3
3
3( )
a b c ab bc ca a b c
a b c ab bc ca a b c
a b c ab bc ca a b c Do a b c
a b c ab bc ca a b c
a b c
a b c
a b c ab bc ca a b c
( + + + + + + + + +

= + + + + + + + + +
= + + + + + + + + + + + =
= + + + + + + + + +
= + + +
+ + +

+ + + + + + + +
2 (4)
3
=
+

T (3) v (4) (2)
Kt hp (2) v (1) ta c iu phi chng minh.
Du = xy ra khi a = b = c = 1

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