BI TP CHNG HALOGEN

Bi 1: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng thc hin cc bin i di y v ghi r iu kin phn ng (nu c): a) Cl2 HCl Cl2 NaCl Cl2 CaOCl2 CaCl2 AgCl Cl2 Br2 I2 NaI NaNO3. b) Na NaCl HCl FeCl2 FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 FeCl3 FeCl2 ZnCl2 AgCl Ag. c) CaCO3 CaCl2 NaCl NaOH NaClO Cl2 NaClO NaClO3 NaCl Cl2 KClO3 O2. d) CaF2 HF F2 OF2 CuF2 HF SiF4. e) Br2 PBr3 HBr Br2 HBrO3 KBrO3 KBr AgBr Br2 Bi 2: Hy cho bit tn ca cc cht A, B, C bit chng tham gia cc phn ng c ghi bng cc s sau: A + H2 B A + H2O B + C A + H2O + SO2 B + C B + Bi 3: Cho cc ho cht: NaCl (r), MnO2 (r), NaOH (dung dch), H2SO4 (dung dch c), Ca(OH)2 (r). T cc ho cht c th iu ch c cc cht sau y hay khng? Nu c hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng. a) Nc Gia-ven; b) Kali clorat; c) Clorua vi; d) Oxi; e) Lu hunh ioxit. Bi 4: Trnh by phng php ho hc nhn bit cc kh sau ng trong cc bnh ring bit mt nhn: a) HF, HCl, HBr, HI b) HCl, HBr, HI, Cl2, CO2, N2 Bi 5: Nhn bit cc dung dch sau bng phng php ho hc: a) NaCl, NaNO3, BaCl2, BaNO3. b) NaF, NaCl, NaBr, NaI. c) HCl, H2SO4, HI, NaCl, KBr, NaOH, Ba(OH)2. Bi 6: C 3 bnh khng nhn, mi bnh ng mt trong cc dung dch NaCl, NaBr, NaI. Ch dng 2 thuc th (khng dng AgNO 3) lm th no xc nh dung dch cha trong mi bnh? Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Bi 7: Khng dng thm thuc th, hy nhn bit cc dung dch sau: a) MgCl2, Na2CO3, HCl, Pb(NO3)2. b) MgSO4, Na2CO3, HCl, NaOH, BaCl2. c) Na2CO3, H2SO4, BaCl2, KOH.

Bi 8: Chia mt dung dch nc brom c mu vng thnh 2 phn. Dn kh A khng mu i qua phn mt th dung dch mt mu. Bn kh B khng mu i qua phn hai th dung dch sm mu hn. Hy cho bit kh A v kh B c th l nhng cht g? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Bi 9: Bng th nghim no c th kim tra c kh nit c ln hay khng tp cht sau: a) Clo; b) Hiro clorua? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. Bi 10: Cho cc cht: brom, clo, hiro clorua, iot, bc bromua, natri clorua. Hy chn trong s cc cht trn: a) Mt cht lng nhit thng. b) Mt cht c trong nc bin. c) Mt cht kh mu lc d) Mt cht b phn hu bi nh sng mt tri. e) Mt cht kh khng mu to khi trong khng kh m. f) Mt hp cht c dng bo qun thc phm. g) Mt cht kh khi tan trong nc tc dng dn vi nc to ra hai axit. h) Mt cht rn khi c nung nng bin thnh kh mu tm. i) Mt cht kh ty trng giy mu m. Bi 11: Nhng phn ng ho hc no c th xy ra khi cho kh flo i qua dung dch kali bromua trong nc? Bi 12: Cho kh clo i qua dung dch natri bromua ta thy dung dch c mu vng. Tip tc cho kh clo i qua ta thy dung dch mt mu. Ly vi git dung dch sau th nghim nh ln giy qu tm th giy qu ho . Hy gii thch cc hin tng v vit cc phng trnh phn ng. Bi 13: iu ch HCl, ngi ta cho NaCl tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c. Ti sao khng dng phng php tng t iu ch HBr, HI. Ngi ta iu ch HBr v HI bng cch no? Bi 14: a) V sao khng th iu ch flo t florua bng phn ng ca florua vi cht oxi ho m phi dng phng php in phn. b) iu ch flo ngi ta phi in phn dung dch kali florua trong hiroflorua lng c lm sch nc. V sao phi trnh s c mt ca nc. Bi 15: Lm th no chng minh rng trong NaCl c tp cht l NaI? Lm th no loi b tp cht . - Brom c ln mt t tp cht l clo. Lm th no thu c brom tinh khit. Vit phng trnh phn ng.

Bi 16: Kh oxi iu ch bng cch nung kali clorat vi xc tc MnO 2 thng cha tp cht clo (ti 3%). Theo em c th dng cch no thu c oxi khng ln kh clo. Gii thch. Bi 17: Nu iot c ln tp cht l natri iodua th cch n gin nht c iot tinh khit l lm nh th no? Bi 18: Ngi ta c th iu ch brom bng cch cho axit sunfuric c tc dng vi hn hp rn KBr v MnO2. a) Vit phng trnh phn ng v cho bit vai tr ca tng cht trong phn ng. b) Tnh khi lng ca mi cht cn dng iu ch 32 gam Br2. Bi 19: Cht A l mui canxi halogenua. Cho dung dch cha 0,200 gam A tc dng vi lng d dung dch bc nitrat th thu c 0,376 gam bc halogenua. Hy xc nh cng thc cht A. Bi 20: Cho 69,6 gam mangan ioxit tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl c. Ton b lng clo sinh ra c hp th ht vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 4M. Hy xc nh nng mol ca tng cht trong dung dch thu c sau phn ng. Coi th tch dung dch khng thay i. Bi 21: Cho 10,0 lit H2 v 6,72 lit Cl2 (u ktc) tc dng vi nhau ri ho tan sn phm vo 385,4 gam nc, thu c dung dch A. Ly 50,0 gam dung dch A cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 (d), thu c 7,175 gam kt ta. Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng gia H2 v Cl2. Bi 22: Khi b nung nng, kali clorat ng thi phn hu theo hai cch: a) To ra oxi v kali clorua; b) To ra kali peclorat v kali clorua. * Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. * Tnh xem c bao nhiu % v khi lng kali clorat phn hu theo phn ng (a) v phn ng (b), bit rng khi phn hu 73,5 gam kali clorat thu c 33,5 gam kali clorua. Bi 23: Thm 78 ml dung dch bc nitrat 10% (khi lng ring 1,09 g/ml) vo mt dung dch c cha 3,88 gam hn hp kali bromua v natri iodua. Lc b kt ta. Nc lc phn ng va vi 13,3 ml dung dch axit clohiric nng 1,5 mol/l. Hy xc nh % khi lng tng cht trong hn hp mui ban u v tnh th tch hiro clorua (ktc) cn dng to ra lng axit clohiric dng. Bi 24: Ho tan hon ton hn hp kh gm hiro clorua v hiro bromua vo nc ta thu c dung dch cha hai axit vi nng % bng nhau. Hy tnh % theo th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh ban u. Bi 25: Cho mt lng halogen tc dng ht vi magie ta thu c 19 gam magie halogenua. Cng lng halogen tc dng ht vi nhm to ra 17,8 gam nhm halogenua. Hy xc nh tn v khi lng halogen ni trn.

Bi 26: Cho mt lng halogen X2 tc dng vi mt lng va kim loi M c ho tr I, ngi ta thu c 4,12 gam hp cht A. Cng lng halogen tc dng ht vi nhm to ra 3,56 gam hp cht B. Cn nu cho lng kim loi M ni trn tc dng vi lu hunh th thu c 1,56 gam hp cht C. Hy xc nh tn cc nguyn t X v M, t vit cng thc cc cht A, B v C. Bi 27: Cho 25 gam nc clo vo mt dung dch c cha 2,5 gam KBr ta thy dung dch chuyn sang mu vng. a) Gii thch hin tng b) Sau th nghim nu ta c cn dung dch th cn li 1,61 gam cht rn khan. Gi s ton b clo trong nc clo d phn ng, hy tnh nng % clo trong nc clo. c) Tnh khi lng tng cht trong cht rn khan thu c. Bi 28: C 185,40 gam dung dch axit clohiric 10,00%. Cn ho tan thm vo dung dch bao nhiu lit kh hiro clorua (ly ktc) thu c dung dch axit clohiric 16,57%. Bi 29: A v B l hai dung dch axit clohiric c nng khc nhau. Trn ln 1 lit A vi 3 lit B ta c 4 lit dung dch D. trung ho 10 ml dung dch D cn 15 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1 M. Trn 3 lit A vi 1 lit B ta c 4 lit dung dch E. Cho 80 ml dung dch E tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 (ly d) thu c 2,87 gam kt ta. Tnh nng mol ca cc dung dch A, B, D, E . Bi 30: Hn hp rn A cha kali bromua v kali iodua. Cho hn hp A vo nc brom (ly d). Sau khi phn ng xong, lm bay hi dung dch v nung nng ta c sn phm rn khan B. Khi lng ca B nh hn khi lng ca A l m gam. Cho sn phm B vo nc clo (ly d), sau khi phn ng xong, lm bay hi dung dch v sy kh ta c sn phm rn khan C. Khi lng ca C nh hn khi lng ca B l m gam. Tnh % khi lng tng cht trong A. Bi 31: Ho tan 7,8 gam hn hp gm Al v Mg bng dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng, khi lng dung dch tng thm 7,0 gam. Xc nh khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u. Bi 32: Ho tan hon ton 23,8 gam hn hp mt mui cacbonat kim loi ho tr I v mt mui cacbonat kim loi ho tr II trong dung dch HCl th to thnh 4,48 lit kh (ktc). em c cn dung dch sau phn ng th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan? Bi 33: Cho 10,4 gam hn hp MgCO3 v CaCO3 tc dng vi lng va dung dch HCl 14,6%, thu c 2,688 lit CO2 (ktc). a) Tnh % khi lng mi mui trong hn hp ban u. b) Tnh nng % cc mui trong dung dch sau phn ng. Bi 34: Cho 2 kim loi A, B u tc dng c vi dung dch HCl. Ho tan 5,1 gam hn hp 2 kim loi A, B bng mt lng va dung dch HCl

cn 500 ml. Sau phn ng, c cn dung dch, thu c 22,85 gam mui khan. a) Tnh nng dung dch HCl dng. b) Tnh th tch H2 (ktc) thu c th nghim trn. Bi 35: Hn hp A gm Mg v Zn. * Th nghim 1: Cho 2,02 gam hn hp A vo cc ng 200 ml dung dch HCl. Sau phn ng, c cn, thu c 4,86 gam cht rn khan. * Th nghim 2: Cho 2,02 gam hn hp A vo cc ng 400 ml dung dch HCl nh trn. Sau phn ng, c cn, thu c 5,57 gam cht rn khan. a) Tnh th tch kh (ktc) bay ra th nghim 1. b) Tnh nng mol ca dung dch HCl dng. c) Tnh % khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp A. Bi 36: Hn hp A gm 3 mui NaCl, NaBr, NaI. Cho 5,76 gam hn hp A tc dng vi lng d dung dch brom, c cn dung dch sau phn ng, thu c 5,29 gam mui khan. Ho tan 5,76 gam hn hp A vo nc ri cho lng kh clo sc vo dung dch. Sau mt thi gian, c cn dung dch th thu c 3,955 gam mui khan, trong c cha 0,05 mol ion clorua. Tnh % khi lng mi mui trong hn hp A.