Bi tp 1

Cu hi: Bm ht nc t ging vi cao t bm h = 4m; ng ht c ng knh d =

150mm; Chiu di ng t mt ging
2 pck
;
n ca vo bm: l= 10m; Ct p chn khng
ti ca vo bm: hck= 4,5m. Cho 1= 2= 1;
2
u
h
pa= 10 5N/ m2; n= 10 4 N/m3; H s ma st
pa
= 0,03. H s tn tht cc b ti van v ch 1
1
2

b un: v = 6; u = 0,2; g = 10 m/s

d
v
Tnh lu lng ca bm Q =?
p n:
Vit phng trnh Becnuli cho hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:
p1
v12
p2
v 22
Z1 + + 1
= Z2 +
+ 2
+ h w1 2 (1)

2g

2g
Chn mt chun l mt thong ca ging, ta c:Z1= 0; Z2=h;
Mt khc ta c: v1= 0 so vi v2; hd =
hw1-2= hd+ hc=

l v22
v 22
( v + u )
h
=
; c
d 2g
2g

v 22
l v 22 v 22
l
+ ( V + u ) hay h w1 2 =
( + V + u )
d 2g 2g
2g d

Gii phng trnh (1) theo p sut tuyt i: p 1 =p a ; p 2 = pa pck

pa p2
v 22 v 22 l
0+
+0=h+
+ ( + V + u )
n
2g 2g d
pa p2
h)2g
(hck h)2g
0,5.20

2
n
v =
=
=
= 1,09(m/s)
l
l
(2 + 6 + 0,2 + 1)
( + V + u + 1) ( + V + u + 1)
d
d
(

v = 1,09 = 1,04

(m/s)
Lu lng ca bm:

d
0,15
3
Q = v 2 . = v 2 . = 1,09.3,14.
= 0,019( m / s )
2
2

Cu hi 2: Nc chy trong ng c ng knh d 1= 200mm; d2= 80mm; p k o chnh

y thu ngn v nc. Bit chnh mc thu ngn trong p k l
h = 200mm. n = 10 4 N/m 3
Cho bit 1= 2= 1; g = 10 m/s2;
n (nc) = 1; tn (th. ngn) = 13,6..
dt =0,38(ch nu khng cho th b qua)

B
A

h1
Xc nh lu lng Q trong ng ng.

d1

p dng phng trnh Becnuli cho

h
2
d2
2

hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:

h2

p1
v12
p2
v 22
Z1 + + 1
= Z2 + + 2
+ h w12
n
2g
n
2g

(1)

Chn mt chun l mt ct nm ngang i qua trc ng ta c: Z1=Z2=0; ;

v2

Mt khc, theo bi ra, ta c: =1= 2=1; hw1-2= t . 2 2g ,

p1 p2 v22
v12
=
.(
1
+

Thay cc gi tr vo phng trnh (1) ta c:

t
n
2g
2g

(2)

Mt khc theo phng trnh c bn ca thy tnh ta c:

p1= pA+ n.h1; p2= pB+ n.h2; m pA= pB+ tnh;
Suy ra: p1- p2 = pA+ nh1 - (pB+ nh2) = pB+ tnh+ nh1 - (pB+ nh2)
= tnh - n( h2- h1) = tnh - n.h = h( tn - n)
p

1
2
Chia hai v cho n ta c: = h.
n
n

( tn n )
= h(tn- 1) = 12,6.h
n

(3)

.d12
2
v2 12
4 = d1
=
=
Theo phng trnh lin tc: v1. 1= v2. 2 hay
;
v1 22 .d 22 d 22
4

suy ra:

d 22
v1 = v 2 2
d1

(4)

v22
v22 d 24 v22
d 24
(
1
+

.
=
(
1
+

)
Thay (3) v (4) vo (2) ta c: 12,6h=
t
t
2g
2 g d14 2 g
d14

v2 =

Vy:

12,6h.2 g
d4
(1 + t 24 )
d1

Thay s:

v2 =

12,6.0,2.2.10
80 4
(1 + 0,38
)
200 4

=6,1 (m/s)

.d 22
3,14.(8.102 )2
Q = v2
= 6,1.
= 0,0306 m3/s =30,6 l/s
4
4
2

Cu hi 3: Mt qut gi c lu lng Q = 300m3/h; u ng y ng knh

d1 = 200mm c p sut d p1=981N/m2;
u ng loe ng knh d2 = 300mm.
d1
d2
Xc nh p sut khng kh u ng loe?
Cho = 1; pa= 9,81.10 4N/ m2;
g = 9,81m/s2; kk = 11,77 N/m3
B qua tn tht v nn ca khng kh
p n:
- Vit phng trnh Becnuli cho mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:
p1
v12
p2
v 22
Z1 +
+ 1
= Z2 +
+ 2
+ hw12 (1)
kk
2g
kk
2g
- Chn mt chun qua trc ng loe: Z1= Z2= 0; 1 = 2 = 1 (2)
hw12 =0;
Mt khc theo bi ra ta c:
Q=300m 3 / h = 0,083m 3 / s ;
1 = 200mm = 0,2m; d 2 = 300mm = 0,3m
Lu lng qua ng loe: Q = v1 .1 = v2 .2

v1 =

Q
Q
4Q
Q
Q
4Q
=
=
v2 =
=
=
2
1 .( d1 ) 2 d1 v
2 .( d 2 ) 2 d 2 2 (3)
2
2

- Gii phng trnh (1) theo p sut d.

Thay (2), (3) vo phng trnh (1) ta c:
0+

p1
p2
(4Q ) 2
(4Q ) 2
+ 1.
=
0
+
+
1
.
+0
2
kk
kk
( d 2 2 ).2 g
( d 1 ) 2 .2 g

p1 16Q 2 1
1
p2 = kk . +
.
4 . Thay s vo ta c:
2 4
kk 2 g. d 1 d 2
981
16.(0,083) 2
p2 = 11,77.
+
2
11,77 2.9,81.(3,14)

1
1
.

= 984,36( N / m 2 )
4
4
0,3
0,2

Vy p sut khng kh u ng loe p2= 984,36(N/m2)

Cu hi 4: Mt lu lng k c m hnh nh
hnh v c lp trong mt ng ng dn

2
d

du ho (d = 0,8); D = 90mm; d = 40mm;

chnh ct thu ngn h = 160mm; = 1;
h s tn tht cc b c= 0,12; g = 10m/s2;

1 B 2
h
A

Hi: Tn tht ct p hc=? v lu lng Q =?

- Vit phng trnh Becnuli cho hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:

p1
v12
p2
v 22
Z1 + + 1
= Z2 +
+ 2
+ h w1 2 (1)

2g

2g
- Chn mt chun qua trc ng: Z1= Z2= 0 (2)
- Gi h 1 l khong cch t mt chun n mt thong A
h 2 l khong cch t mt chun n mt thong B
p 1 =p A - h 1 d ; p 2 =p B - h 2 d ; p A = p B + h tn
tn d
tn d
p p2
p 1 - p 2 =h( tn - d ) v 1
= h(
)= h
(3)
d
d
d
- Mt khc,theo phng trnh lin tc: v 1 .
1 = v 2 .
2
2
4
2

d
d
v 2
v1= v 2 2 = v 2 2 suy ra: v12= v22
; hw12 = c .
(4)
4
2g
1
D
D
- Gii phng trnh(1) theo p sut tuyt i: Thay (2), (3) v (4) vo (1) ta c:
2

2
p1
v2 .d 4
p2
v2
v22
p1 p2 v 2
v 2 2 v 2 2 .d 2

=
+ c.

0 + + 1. 4
= 0+
+ 1.
+ c.
+0
d d 2g
2 g 2 g.D 4
d
D .2 g
d
2g
2g

h tn d
2
4
2
tn d v 2
d
d
v 2
=
Hay h
= 1 + c 4
, thay s vo ta c:
2g
D
2g
d
d4
1 + c 4
D

tn d
13,6 0,8

h
0,16

2
2
d
v 2
0,8
v 2

= 2,37( m )

=
, thay s ta c 2 g =
0,04 4
2g
d4
1 + 0,12

1 + c 4
4
0
,
09
D

Tn tht ct p: hw12

v 22
= c.
= 0,12.2,37 =0,2844 m ct du.
2g

- T phng trnh (4) ta c v2=

2

Lu lng

2 g.hw12

2.10.0,2844
= 6,885( m / s ) =
0,12

2.2,35.10

d
0,04
3
3
Q = v 2 . = v 2 . = 6,885.3,14.
= 8,652.10 ( m / s )
2
2

Cu hi 5: Bnh A cha nc, c gn p

k AK, ni vi bnh B cha khng kh
bng ng o p c hai loi cht lng l
thu ngn v cn. Cho bit:
c (cn) = 0,8; tn (th. ngn) = 13,6;

pAK (bit)

pB (tm)

kk

c
n

2
3

h1 1

n = 1; pAK (d)= 0,25 at; h2= 200 mm;

h1 =150 mm; h = 250 mm.
Hi: p sut trong bnh B bng bao nhiu at?

4
h2

tn

p n:
Do khng kh c trng lng ring nh nn p sut trong bnh B l p 4 (tnh theo p sut d)
p dng phng trnh c bn thu tnh vit cho bnh A v bnh B ta c:
p 4 = p3 tn .h2 ; p3 = p2 + c .h1 ; p2 = p1 tn .h1 ; p1 = p AK + n .( h1 + h )

Cng v vi v ca cc phng trnh trn ta c:

p4 + p3 + p2 + p1 = p3 tn .h2 + p2 + c .h1 + p1 tn .h1 + p AK + n ( h + h1 )
p4 = p AK tn ( h1 + h2 ) + h1 + n ( h + h1 )

cl
Theo nh ngha ta c: cl = tn = n . tn ; c = n . c
n

p4 = p AK n [ tn .(h1 + h2 ) + c .h1 + (h + h1 )]

p4= 0,25.9,81.10 4 -9,81.10 3 [13,6.(0,15 + 0,2)- 0,8.0,15 -(0,25+0,15)] =

-1,70694.10 4 ( N / m 2 ) = 0,174at .
(Du - cho ta bit trong bnh B c p sut chn khng, tr s: p4= 0,174at)

2 pck
;

Cu hi 6: Bm ht nc t ging ln vi
lu lng Q = 15 l/s; ng ht c ng
knh d = 100mm; cho = 1;

pck=6.104 N/m2; pa = 9,81.104N/m2;

g = 9,81m/s2;

n = 104 N/m3.

pa

B qua tn tht. Hi:

cao t bm h bng bao nhiu?
p n:
- Vit phng trnh Becnuli cho hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:

p1
v12
p2
v 22
Z1 + + 1
= Z2 + + 2
+ h w12
n
2g
n
2g
- Chn mt chun qua mt thong: Z1= 0; Z2= h; v1= 0 so vi v2; p1= pa;
hw1-2 = 0; = 1; Ta c:

p1 p2
v22
p1 p2 v22
0+
+ 0 = h + 2
+0 h=

n n
2g
n n 2g
- Bit:

p1 p2 pck 6.104
hck =
=
=
;
n
n
104

v2 =

4.Q 4.15.103
=
=1,9 m/s;
.d 22 3,14.(0,1)2

- Thay vo ta c:

v:

v22
= 0,18
2g

h = h ck 0, 02 = 5,82

Cu hi 7: Hai b cha nc c ni vi nhau bng mt ng dn t chy (c gi l ng

Xiphng). Bit cc cao: h0= 3m; h1 =4,5m; h2 =2m; ng knh ng d =150mm; tn tht
t mt ct 0-0 n 1-1: h w 0-1 = 0,6m; t mt ct 1-1 n 2-2: h w1-2 =
1p

p ck
ti mt ct 1-1;
pa

0
- Tnh lu lng Q qua ng xiphng.

-Xc nh ct p chn khng

h
0

v2
;
2g

1k
h

d
2

p n:
p dng phng trnh Bcnuli cho hai mt ct 0-0 v 1-1:
Z0 +

pa

p0
v2
p
v2
+ 0 . o = Z 1 + 1 + 1 . 1 + hw01 (1)
n
2g
n
2g

Chn mt chun l y bnh 2, ta c: Z1= h1= 4,5m; Z0 = h0 = 3m; v0=0 (so vi v1), v1=v
Theo bi ra, ta c: hw = 0,6(m),0 = 1 = 2 = 1 ;
Gii phng trnh (1) theo p sut tuyt i, ta c p0=pa; p1=pa-pck
Thay cc gi tr vo phng trnh (1) ta c:
0 1

3+

2
pa
p pck v
+ 0 = 4,5 + a
+
+ 0,6
n
n
2g

v2
pck
= 2,1 +
( 2)
n
2g

p dng phng trnh Bcnuli cho hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:

Z1 +

p1
v2
p
v2
+ 1. 1 = Z 2 + 2 + 2 . 2 + hw12
n
2g
n
2g

(3)

Chn mt chun l y bnh 2, ta c: Z1= h1= 4,5m; Z2 = h2 = 2m; v2=0 (so vi v1), v1=v
Theo bi ra, ta c:

hw12 =

v2
, 0 = 1 = 2 = 1 ;
2g

Gii phng trnh (3) theo p sut tuyt i, ta c p2=pa; p1=pa-pck

Thay cc gi tr vo phng trnh (3) ta c:
2
2
pa pck v
pa v
4,5 +
+
=2+
+
n
2g
n 2g

pck
= 2,5
n

(m ct nc)

(4)

Thay (4) vo (2) v ly g=10 m/s2, ta c:

2,5 = 2,1 +

v2
v2 = 8 v = 2 2
2g

(m/s)

Lu lng Q chy qua ng c xc nh theo biu thc:

Q = v. = v.

d 2
4

= 2 2.

3,14.0,152
= 0,05
4

(m3/s) = 50 (l/s)

Cu hi 8: Trn trc mt ng thng ng c lp

pa

pa

mt ng Pit A o ct p ton phn, c tr

h2

h1

s: h1= 250mm v mt ng o p B o p

sut tnh c tr s h2= 200mm. Cho rng vn

A

tc trung bnh trong ng ti mt ct o bng

2
0,84 vn tc o c (v = 0,84.u); D = 0,3m;
g = 10 m/s2 Xc nh lu lng nc trong ng?
- Phng trnh Becnuli cho dng nguyn t qua hai mt ct 1-1 v mt ct 2-2:
Z1 +

p1 u 21
p u22
+
= Z2 + 2 +
(1)
n 2g
n 2g

Chn mt chun qua tm dng chy: Z 1 = Z 2

Mt khc ta c: u 1 = 0, u2

= 0 (2)

= u (3)

p1 = pa + n .h1 ; p2 = pa + n .h2 p1 p2 = n (h1 h2 )

p1 p2
= h1 h2 = h (4)
n

Gii phng trnh (1) theo p sut tuyt i v thay (2), (3), (4) vo ta c:
0+

p1
p u2
p p2 u 2
+0 = 0+ 2 +
1
=
= h u = 2 g.h
n
n 2g
n
2g

Thay s ta c

h = h1 h2 = 0,25 0,2 = 0,05( m ) u = 2.10.0,05 = 1( m / s )

Vn tc trung bnh trong ng v=0,84.u=0,84(m/s)

-Lu lng Q = v. =

v.

D 2
4

= 0,84.

3,14.0,32
= 0,0594( m 3 / s ) = 59,4( l / s )
4

2 pck
;

Cu hi 9: Bm ht nc t ging ln vi lu
lng Q = 15 l/s; ng ht c ng knh

2
h

d = 100mm; cho = 1; pa= 9,81.104 N/ m2;

g = 9,81m/s2;

n= 104 N/m3. B qua tn tht.

pa

Khi cho h = 4,5m th pck ti mt ct 2-2 bng bao nhiu?

p n:
- Vit phng trnh Becnuli cho hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:
p1
v12
p2
v 22
Z1 + + 1
= Z2 + + 2
+ h w12
n
2g
n
2g
- Chn mt chun qua mt thong: Z1= 0; Z2= h; v1= 0 so vi v2;
4.Q 4.15.103
v2 =
=
= 1,9 m/s; p1= pa; hW1-2= 0; = 1;
.d 22 3,14.(0,1)2
- Thay vo p.t Becnuli trn, ta c (tnh theo a.s tuyt i):
p p2
p
v2
p
1,92
0+ a
+ 0 = ck = h + 2 suy ra: ck = 4,5 +
= 4,5 + 0,18 = 4,68
n
2.9,81
n

2g
Vy: pck= 4,68.104 N/ m2

M, m

Cu hi 10: khc vch trn p k, ngi ta t

cc qu cn ln pt tng nh hnh v. Khi lng
a v pitng l M = 5000 g; khi lng cc qu
9
H
D

cn: m = 1500 g; ng knh pittng: D = 12 cm.

Cht lng trong xi lanh l nc: n = 104 N/m3 ;g = 10m/s2
Ct p H ng ng vi vch ch trn p k bng
bao nhiu? (p k ch p sut trn b mt cht lng).
p n:
- Lc tc dng ln pittng P = G = (M+m).g = p.
trong : l tit din pittng, = (D / 2)2
(M+m): tng khi lng ln pittng; g = 10 m/s2;
p: p sut trn b mt cht lng.
p =

( M + m).g (5 + 1,5).10.4
2
= 3,14.0,122 = 5750,2( N / m ) cng l gi tr c c trn p k. p k ch a.s

d.
- Vy, ct p tng ng vi p s l: p = n.H ; suy ra:
p

H = =
n

5750,2
=0,57502 (m)
104

pa
AK

Cu hi 11: Bnh cha xng c p k AK c ni vi mt ng o p nhiu loi cht lng, mt

phn cch cc loi cht lng c cao nh hnh v. Cho bit t trng cc cht lng nh sau:
n(nc)= 0= 3=1; kk (kh. kh) = 1= 6 0 (so vi nc); tn (thu
2= 4= 13,6;
1 pngn)=
a
3

H
p6 (tm)
5
x (xng) = 5 = 0,7;
(bit)
6
2 atmotphe (at); - Ct p xng H = ? 2 z
Hi: - p k AK c s ch
z6 bao nhiu
z4 1,6

z2 1,8

z5 1,0
z3
4

10

z1 0,
2
2

Do khng kh c trng lng ring nh nn s ch p k AK l p sut trong bnh xng l p 6

(tnh theo p sut d)
p dng phng trnh c bn thu tnh vit cho bnh xng v ng o p ta c:
p6 = p5 5 ( z 6 z 5 ); p5 = p4 + 4 ( z 4 + z 5 );
p 4 = p3 3 ( z 4 z 3 ); p3 = p 2 + 2 .( z 2 z 3 )
p 2 = p1 1 ( z 2 z1 ); p1 = 0 ( z 0 z1 )

Cng v vi v ca cc phng trnh trn ta c:

p 6 + p 5 + p 4 + p 3 + p 2 + p1 = p 5 5 ( z 6 z 5 ) + p 4 + 4 ( z 4 + z 5 ) + p 3 3 ( z 4 z 3 ) + p 2 + 2 ( z 2 z 3 ) +

+ p1 1 ( z 2 z1 ) + 0 ( z 0 z1 )
p6 = 5 ( z 6 z5 ) + 4 ( z 4 + z5 ) 3 ( z 4 z 3 ) + 2 ( z 2 z 3 ) 1 ( z 2 z1 ) + 0 ( z 0 z1 )

cl
Theo nh ngha ta c: cl = tn = 2 = 4 = n . tn ; x = 5 = n . x ; kk = 1 = 6 = n . kk = 0
n

p6 = n . 5 ( z6 z5 ) + n . 4. ( z4 + z5 ) n . 3 .( z4 z3 ) + n . tn ( z2 z3 ) n .1.( z2 z1 ) + n . 0 .( z0 z1 )

Thay s vo ta c: p 6 = 32,14. n = 32,14.10 4 = 3,214 (at)

- Ct p xng H c tnh t y bnh c su 2m so vi mt thong trong bnh nn khi
- vit p.t c bn thu tnh theo a.s d p6 ta c:
p

32,14.

32,14

6
n
p6 = 5(H-z6) H = + z 6 = . + z 6 = 0,7 + 2 = 48( m)
5
n
5

11

Cu hi 12: Bnh A cha nc, ni vi mt ng o

p ch u cha thu ngn. Ban u, chnh

ct thu ngn l h, khi h ng o p xung mt
B

khong a mm, chnh thu ngn l h+h.

Cho: n= 1; Tn = 13,6.

h
X a

Hi: Quan h h theo a: h = f(a)?

pa

A
h/2

p n:

h+h

Tn

Sau khi h ng o p, ta c:
p A( tri ) = p B + n . X = p B + n .(a +
p A( phai ) = pa + tn .( h + h)

T (1), (2)

p B + n .(a +

h.( tn

Mt khc, ta li c:

h
)
2

(1)
(2), tnh theo p sut tuyt i

h
) = pa + tn .(h + h)
2

n
) = pB pa + n .a tn .h
2

(3)

p B = pa + tn .h

Thay (4) vo (3) h.( tn

(4)

n
) = n .a
2

1
h.(tn ) = a
2

h =

a
1
(tn )
2

a
13,1

(mm)

12

Bi tp 13:
F2
Cu hi: Xc nh lc Q tc dng ln cn pt
a
P
Q
tng mt my p thu lc sinh ra mt lc
nn ln vt P = 30.000 N.Cho bit: Vt p
b
F1
v pt tng nng 2000 N; ng knh pt
tng d = 5cm; ng knh pittng tr ca
T
G
my p D = 30cm; chiu di tay n a=25cm;
khong cch im t b = 5cm;
BT1.6
ma st ca pittng tr T = 5% tng lc F2.
p n:
Tng hp lc nn F2 tc dng ln vt P gm c: lc nn P, trng lng ca vt P v piston 2
l G, lc ma st ca piston 2 l T.
Do , tng hp lc nn F2 l:
F2 = P + T + G.
- Theo bi ra: T =5% F2. Vy F2 = P + G + 0,05 F2.
P+G
Hay: F2(1- 0,05) = P + G F2 =
;
0,95
- Theo nh lut Pascan: p =

F1 d 2
F2 F1
d2
=
=
=
suy ra:
Rt ra: F1 = 2 .F2 .
F2 D 2

D

- T hnh v, theo nguyn l n by, lc t l nghch vi cnh tay n:

b
b d2
b d2 P +G
Q.a=F1.b Q = .F1 = . 2 .F2 = . 2 .
;
a
a D
a D 0,95

0, 05 0, 052 30000 + 2000

.
.
= 187( N )
- Thay s vo ta c: Q =
0, 25 0,32
0,95

13

Cu hi 14: Mt ca van tho nc (A)hnh ch nht cao a = 0,4m;

rng b = 1m trong b cha nc c su H = 4m.
Cho n = 104 N/m3;
Hi: p lc nc v chiu su im t p lc ln (A)?

pa

p n:
Theo hnh v v gi thuyt bi ra, mt thong b thng vi kh
tri nn p lc tc dng ln van A l p lc d, do ta tm c
p lc d P theo cng thc:
P = pc. A
Trong : p sut tc dng ln trng tm C: pc=n.hc; din tch van A l: A=a.b
su t mt thong ti trng tm C l: hc = H - a/2

hc hd
A
a

P = n .( H a / 2).a.b = 104.( 4 0,4 / 2).0,4.1 = 1,52.104 ( N ) = 15,2( kN )

im t ca lc tc dng ln van A hp vi van A mt gc =900 v cch mt thong mt

Jc

khong yD=hD =hc + h . ; Jc: m men qun tnh ca A i vi trc ngang qua trng tm C ca
c
A
van A.
Do tit din van A l hnh ch nht nn ta c:
yD= hD =hc +

Jc =

a 3 .b
; A = a.b
12

a 3 .b
a
a2
0,4
0,4 2
=H +
=4
+
= 3,803( m )
0,4
12.hc .a.b
2 12.( H a )
2
12( 4
)
2
2

14

pa

Cu hi 15: Mt b nc c hai mt thng ng hnh thang kch

thc a = 10m; b = 20m; su nc h = 9m; Cho n = 104 N/m3.

hC

hD

Hi: p lc nc v chiu su im t p lc ln mt thng ng?

a

p n:

Theo hnh v v gi thuyt bi ra, mt thong b thng vi kh tri nn p lc tc dng ln ca van

l p lc d, nn ta tm c p lc d P theo cng thc: P = pC. ;
Trong p sut ti trng tm C l:
su trng tm h C =
Vy:

pC = n.hC;

h
h.a
a+b
+
h;
; din tch tit din: =
3 3(a + b)
2

h
h.a
a+b
P = n[ +
]
h
3 3(a + b) 2

9.10
10 + 20
4 9
]
9 = 3,924.135.104= 5,297. 106 N
- Thay s ta c: P = 10 [ +
3 3(10 + 20)
2
im t ca lc tc dng ln van hp vi van mt gc =900 v cch mt thong mt khong
JC
JC
h 2 (a 2 + 4.a.b + b 2 )

yD = h D = h C +
=
, trong :
h C . 6.h (a 2 + 3.a.b + 2.b 2 )
h C .
Thay s vo ta c: yD= hD = 4 +1,3 = 5,3m

15

Cu hi 16: Xc nh p lc nc ln mt ca

pa

van hnh tr, ng knh d = 3m; b =5m;

hC

su H = 4,2m; pa=1at;
Px

(-) O
d

Pz

- p lc nc ln mt cong xc nh theo cng thc: P = PX2 + PY2 + PZ2

(1)

(cc gi tr u tnh theo a.s d) trong : PY= 0 ; PX= pCx. x

Vi: x: din tch hnh chiu ca van ln mt phng Oyz
pCx: p sut ti trng tm Cx ca x

p Cx = n. h Cx = n (H d+ d/2)= n (H d/2); x = b.d;

Px = n ( H d / 2).b.d = 104.(4,2 3 / 2).5.3 = 40,5.104 ( N ) = 405( kN )

Ta li c:

1 d 2
d 2
3,14.32
Pz = n .VVAL = n . .
.b = n .
.b = 104.
.5 = 17,7.10 4 ( N ) = 177( kN )
2 4
8
8

Thay cc gi tr ca PX, PY, PZ vo phng trnh (1), ta c:

P = 4052 + 02 +1772 = 195354 = 441( kN )

- Phng ca P hp vi Ox mt gc v i qua tm O,
P

177

z
tan = P = 405 = 0,437
x

= 23030'

16

Cu hi 17:
Xc nh v tr trc quay O
ca van phng hnh ch nht t
m khi su h1> 2m. Cho: h2= 1,2m.

pa
h1

pa
P1
a1

Ti v tr h1=2 (m), ca van vn ng yn.

Gi O l im t ca trc quay:

P
a2

a
B

h2

M0 = P.x = 0.
Do hp lc P 0 nn x = 0, do O l im t ca hp lc P.
Ta c: M0 = P1.(a-a1)-P2.(a-a2) = 0
Li c: P1 =

p C1 .1 = n .

(1)

h1
h2
.h1 .b = n . 1 .b
2
2

Trong : b l chiu rng ca van.

Li c: a1=h1-hD1; yD1 = yC1 +

J C1
= h D1
y C1 .1

J C1 =

h D1 =

h1
+
2

h13 .b
12

h13 .b
h h 2h
= 1 + 1= 1
h
2 6
3
12. 1 .h1 .b
2

a1 = h1

2.h1 h1
=
3
3

Hon ton tng t, ta c:

h22
P2 = n
.b;
2
h
a2 = 2
3

Thay cc gi tr trn vo (1), ta c:

a=

1 h13 h23
3 h12 h22

Thay s vo ta c:
1 2 3 1,2 3
a= . 2
= 0,82( m )
3 2 1,2 2

17

Cu hi 18:

pa

Xc nh p lc nc ln mt ca van
hnh cung trn bn knh R = 1,5m;

A
hC

(-)

b = 8m; su H; Trc quay O nm

H
PX

trn mt thong ko di v hp vi
phng ngang mt gc = 600
n

x
PZ

p n:
p lc nc ln mt cong xc nh theo cng thc: P = PX2 + PY2 + PZ2 (1)
(tnh theo a.s d) trong : PY= 0; PX= pCx. X
Vi: x: din tch hnh chiu ca van ln mt phng Oyz
pCx: p sut ti trng tm Cx ca x
H
pCx= n. hCx; hCx=
2

pC x = n .

X = b.H; H= Rsin =Rsin600

H
2

Px = n .

H
1,5. sin 600
. H .b = 104.
.1,5 sin 600.8 = 6,75.104 ( N ) = 67,5( kN )
2
2

Ta li c:

H
.OB ).b
360
2

R. sin
60
1,5. sin 60
=n (
..R 2
. R. cos).b = 104.(
.3,14.1,52
.1,5. cos 60).8
360
2
360
2
Pz = 5,52.104 ( N ) = 55,2( kN )
Pz = n .VVAL = n .( S ABC .b) = n .( SOAC SOBC ).b = n (

..R 2

Thay cc gi tr ca PX, PY, PZ vo phng trnh (1), ta c:

P = 67,52 + 02 + 55,2 2 = 7603,29 = 87,2( kN )

- Phng ca P hp vi Ox mt gc v i qua tm O,
P

55,2

z
tan = P = 67,5 = 0,82
x

= 39017'

18

Cu hi 19: Hai lung cht lng c ng knh

1
l d1, d2 chuyn ng ngc chiu
d1

cng vi vn tc v. Hy lp biu

thc lin h gia gc vi ng1

O

knh hai lung cht lng trn.

d2

Chn chiu trc ngang Ox theo hng dng chy t tri sang phi. 3
p sut d ti cc mt ct bng 0.
Vit phng trnh ng lng cho cc dng chy gii hn bi cc mt ct 1-1, 2-2, 3-3:
(1)
F = .Q3 .v + .Q3 .v ( .Q1.v + .Q2 .v )
Mt khc, ta c: 2Q3=Q1+Q2
Chiu (1) ln phng Ox ta c:
2..Q3 .v. cos Q1v + Q2 v = 0
2Q3. cos Q1 + Q2 = 0
(Q1 + Q2 ) cos Q1 + Q2 = 0
Q2 .(1 + cos ) = Q1 (1 cos )

Ta li c: Q1=F1.v= v

d12
4

Q1
(1 + cos )
=
( 2)
Q2
(1 cos )

; Q2=F2.v= v

d 22
4

; thay vo phng trnh (2) ta c:

(1 + cos )
d
1 =
(1 cos )
d2

19

Cu hi 20: Mt tia cht lng l tng c ng knh l d 0, phun thng ng vi vn tc v0

vo mt tm cong gm hai cung trn ni vi nhau ti im 0 1 v ng yn v tr cn bng

di tc dng
ca dng tia (hnh v). Gc gia phng
ca v0 vi vn tc ca ra v2 l ; khi
lng ca tm l m. Tm chiu
cao h tia ca dng phun nng

2
v2

tm chn ln v tr cn bng. Cho = 1500;

2

v0=9,81m/s; d0=0,05m; m = 25kg; g=9,81m/s ;

01 v1
v0

v2

h
0

0
d0

= 1000kg/m3; v1 = v2;

p n:
p dng phng trnh Becnuli cho on ng cong gii hn bi hai mt ct 0-0 v 1-1, ta c:
Z0 +

p0
v2
p
v2
+ 0 . o = Z1 + 1 + 1. 1 + hw01
n
2g
n
2g

(1)

Chn mt chun l mt ct 0-0, ta c : Zo = 0, Z1 = h.

Theo bi ra ta c 0 = 1 = 1 ; hw0-1 = 0 ;
p0 = p1 = pa.
T , phng trnh (1) c vit li nh sau :
o +

pa
v2
p
v2 v2
v2
+ 1. o = h + a + a . 1 h = 0 1
n
2g
n
2g
2g

(2)

tm c h trong phng trnh (2) ta phi tm v1.

p dng phng trnh ng lng cho on cht lng gii hn bi hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2, ta c :
P = 2. .Q2 .v 2 +2. .Q2 .v 2 1. .Q1 .v1
(3)
Trong : P l ngoi lc m tm chn tc dng ln dng tia ;
Q2 l lu lng ra mi nhnh, Q1 l lu lng vo : Q1=2Q2
Trong trng hp cn bng th : P = G
(4)
Chn trc Oz c chiu hng ln trn nh hnh v.
Chiu phng trnh (3) c kt hp vi (4) ln trc Oz
G = 2 2. .Q2 .v 2 . cos( ) 1. .Q1 .v1
G = 1Q1. .v1 2.2 .Q2 ..v 2 . cos (5)

Ly 1 = 2 = 1 , phng trnh (5) c vit li :

G = Q1. .v1 2.Q2 ..v 2 . cos

(6)
20

Do Q1=2Q2=Q v v1=v2 nn t phng trnh (6) ta c:

G = Q..v1 (1 cos ) v1 =

G
m. g
=
Q..(1 cos ) Q..(1 cos )

(7)

Thay (7) vo (2) ta c:

h=

Mt khc ta c : Q= v 0 .0 = v0 .

2

1 2
m. g
.v 0

2g
Q..(1 cos )

d 02
4

(8)

(9)

Thay (9) vo (8), ta c :

2

1 2
m. g

h=
. v0

2
2g

0
v .
..(1 cos )
0

(10)

Thay s vo phng trnh (10), ta c

2

1
25.9,81

h =
.9,812
=2,53( m )

2
2.9,81
9,81. 3,14.0,05 .1000.(1 cos150)

Cu hi 21: Mt ng dn nm ngang c ng knh d1= 500mm, dp2=2 250mm,

2

du chuyn ng trong ng vi lu lng

3

Q = 0,45m /s. p1= 40 kN/m (d). Cho

v2

1
v1

p1
1

x
F

21

 = 450. Xc nh cng v hng

ca lc nm ngang ln on ng cong.
B qua tn tht. Cho du c d= 0,85
p n:
Vit phng trnh ng lng cho on cht lng gii hn bi hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:, ta c:
G + F + P1 + P2 = 2 ..Q.v2 1..Q.v1
(1)
(coi 1= 2= 1)
Chiu phng trnh (1) ln phng Ox ta c :
P1 + P2 cos + Fx = .Q.v2 . cos + .Q.v1
Fx = P1 P2 cos .Q.v2 . cos + .Q.v1

(2)

Chiu phng trnh (1) ln phng Oy ta c :

P2 sin + Fy = .Q.v2 . sin
Fy = P2 sin + .Q.v2 . sin

Vit phng trnh Becnuli cho hai mt ct 1-1, 2-2, ta c:

p1
v12
p2
v 22
Z1 + + 1
= Z2 +
+ 2
+ h w1 2

2g

2g

(3)
(4)

Chn mt chun l mt phng nm ngang i qua tm ca ng, khi :

Z1 = Z2 = 0
Mt khc, ta c: 1 = 2 = 1 ; hw1-2 = 0, p1d = 40 kN/m2.
Thay vo phng trnh (4), ta c:
0+

p1
v2
p
v2

+ 1. 1 = 0 + 2 + 1. 2 + 0 p2 = p1 + d .( v12 v22 )
d
2g
d
2g
2g

(5)

Mt khc ta c:
v1 =

4Q
4Q
; v2 = 2
2
d1
d 2

(6)

d
Ta li c: d = d = d . n
n

(7)

Thay (6), (7) vo phng trnh (5) ta c:

p2 = p1 +

d . n 42.Q 2 4 2.Q 2
0,85.104 16.0,452
16.0,452
.( 2 4 2 4 ) = 40 +
(

) = 6,52 (kN/m2)
2 g .d1 .d 2
2.10
3,14 2.0,54 3,14 2.0,254

p lc:
P1 = p1.1 = p1.

d12
3,14.0,52
= 40.
= 7,854( kN )
4
4

P2 = p2 .2 = p2 .

d 22
3,14.0,252
= 6,52.
= 0,32( kN )
4
4

22

Thay cc gi tr P1 , P2 v = 45 ,
o

d . n
g

0,85.104
= 850( kg / m 3 ) vo
10

phng trnh (2), (3)

ta c:
Fx = 7,854.103-0,32.103.cos45850.0,45.

16.0,452
3,14 2.0,254

.cos45+850.0,45.

16.0,452
3,14 2.0,54

= 6030 (N) =6,03 (kN)

3

Fy = 0,32.10 .sin45+850.0,45.

16.0,452
3,14 2.0,254

F=

sin45= 2710 (N) = 2,71 (kN)

Fx2 + Fy2 = 6,032 + 2,712 = 6,61( kN )

Lc cht lng tc dng ln thnh R = -F (c hng ngc vi F) v c gi tr l 6,61 (kN) v

to vi trc Ox 1 gc
tan =

Fy
Fx

2,71
= 0,449 = 24,20
6,03

Cu hi 22: Xt mt ng ng dn du nm ngang di l = 1000m, ng knh ng d =

75mm, trong du c nht ng = 0,2. 10-4m2/s v t trng du d = 0,8. Hi: 1)
du chy vi vn tc v = 0,4m/s th chnh p sut gia hai u ng ng phi bng
bao nhiu?
2) Mun tng vn tc dng du ln thnh 1m/s th chnh p sut ni trn phi tng ln
bao nhiu ln?
p n:

23

v.d 0,4.0,075
=
= 1500 < 2300: Chy tng.

0,2.10 4
64
H s ma st xc nh theo cng thc Nicurat: =
Re
2
2
l v 2 64 l v
=
- Thay vo cng thc ac-xi: h d =
.
d 2g Re d 2g
y l chnh p p/d cn tm.
- Xc nh trng thi chy: Re =

- Thay s vo ta c:

hd =

64 1000 0, 42
= 4,65 m ct du.
1500 0, 075 2.9,81

i sang tmtphe: p = d .h d = 0,8.9,81.103.4,65 = 0,364.104 = 0,364 at

v.d 1.0,075
=
2) Khi tng v ln gi tr: v = 1m/s th Re =
= 3750.

0,2.10 4
So snh vi Reght= 27(d/)8/7= 27(75.10-3/5.10-4)8/7 = 8285,6. (Tra bng ra = 0,0005)
- Ta thy 2000 < Re = 3750 < 8285,6 nn trng thi chy l ri thnh trn, s dng cng thc

0,3164
0,3164

=
ta
c:
= 0,04 .
3750 0 , 25
Re 0, 25
l v 22
1000 12
= 0, 04
- Vy: h d =
= 27,8 m ct du
d 2g
0, 075 2.9,81
Blaziuyt: =

Vy, khi tng vn tc t 0,4 m/s ln 1m/s, chnh p tng ln:

27,8: 4,65 6 ln

Cu hi 23: Mt ng dn nc tit din thay i t ngt: d = 50mm; D= 100mm; lu

2
lng Q = 16m3/h; p k o chnh cho gi tr
1
h = 173mm; ( = 1,6.9,81.103N/m3). Xc nh
d
D
h s tn tht t m dm ; So snh vi kt qu
tnh theo cng thc l thuyt. Cho
1
3
3
n= 9,81.10 N/m ; =1;
2
B
Gi : Tnh dm theo cng thc l thuyt:
h
dm=(

2
D2
2
- 1) = ( 2 - 1) 2= (22- 1) 2= 9
1
d

24

- Chn mt chun l mt phng nm ngang i qua tm ng.

- Xc nh dm:Vit phng trnh Becnuli cho hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:
p1
v12
p2
v 22
Z1 + + 1
= Z2 +
+ 2
+ h w1 2 ;Z1= Z2= 0;

2g

2g
1=2 = 1; p1 = pB h1.n; p2 = pA h2.n; pA = pB + h.tn;=> p2 = pB + h.tn- h2.n;
h= h1 - h2
n
p1 p 2
) = -h(-1);
Suy ra:
= - h.(
n
n
v12 v 22
p p1

hW = 2
Thay vo p.t Becnuli ta c:
= h(- 1); vi = 1,6
2g 2g
n

2 D2
=
Mt khc, theo phng trnh lin tc: v1= v2.
.v2
1 d 2
suy ra:

v 22
D4
v =v
; h W = dm .
2g
d4
2
1

2
2

v 22 D 4
(
1 dm ) = h(- 1);
- Suy ra:
2g d 4

- Bit v 2 =

rt ra: dm =

D4
h ( 1).2g
1
4
d
v 22

4.Q
4.Q 2
D4
2 .D 4 .2.g
2
v
=
(
)
hay 2
thay vo: dm = 4 1 h ( 1)
.D 2
.D 2
d
16.Q 2

Thay s vo, ta c: dm= 8,64.

- Tnh theo cng thc l thuyt ta c:

2
D2
2
dm=(
- 1) = ( 2 - 1) 2= (22- 1) 2= 9
1
d
Cu hi 24: Xc nh lu lng nc chy ra
khi bnh (H = 0,5m) theo mt ng c kho

pa

( kh = 4), ng knh ng d =12mm; B qua tn

tht dc ng. H s tn tht t b ra: dt =0,5

d
dt

kh

p n:
p dng phng trnh Becnuli cho hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2, ta c:
p1
v12
p2
v22
Z1 + + 1 .
= Z2 +
+ 2.
+ hw1 2
n
2g
n
2g

1
2
2

(1)

Chn mt chun l mt phng i qua trc ng, ta c : Z2 = 0, Z1 = H.

25

Theo bi ra ta c

0 = 1 = 1

; v1= 0 so vi v2; h w12 = hdt+ h kh=

v 22
(dt + kh ) ; p1= p2 = pa;
2g

Thay vo phng trnh (1), ta c:

2

v
p
p
v2
H + a + 0 = 0 + a + 1. 2 + 2 (dt + kh )
n
n
2 g 2g
H =
v2 =

v22
(1 + dt + kh )
2g

2 Hg
=
(1 + dt + kh )

2.0,5.10
= 1,35
(1 + 0,5 + 4)

(m/s)

Lu lng Q chy ra khi bnh c xc nh theo biu thc:

Q = v. = v.

d 2
4

= 1,35.

3,14.0,012 2
= 1,526.10 4
4

Cu hi 25: Nc t bnh kn 1
(p1d = 0,2 at) xung bnh h 2.
1
Xc nh lu lng Q, bit
H1= 10m; H2= 2m; nc chy ra
khi bnh theo mt ng c kho
( kh = 4), ng knh ng ln
D = 200mm; ng nh d=100mm;
Bn knh cong R= 100mm ( tra cong) .
B qua tn tht dc ng.
Tra bng cho: vao = 0,5;
dm =(1-

(m3/s)

p1d

vao

cong

H1

dt
cong

dm

kh

2
) ; dt = 0,37; kh = 4; ra = 1; cong =0,29; = 1H2

pa

cong
ra

p n:
26

p dng phng trnh Becnuli cho hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2, ta c:

Z1 +

p1
v2
p
v2
+ 1. 1 = Z 2 + 2 + 2 . 2 + hw12
n
2g
n
2g

(1)

Chn mt chun qua y bnh 2: Z1= H1= 10m; Z2=H2= 2m; v1= v2= 0 so vi v ng; Mt khc
tnh theo p sut tuyt i ta c:
p1=pa+p1d= 1+0,2=1,2at; p2 = pa= 1at; = 1 = 2= 1
8

hw12 = i .

Tn tht:

i =1

v2
2g

Trong
8

i =1

= vao+ cong + dm + dt + cong + kh + cong + ra. (theo dng chy)

Theo bi ra, ta c dm=(1-

2
1
d2
) =(1- 2 )2=(1- 4 )2 =0,5625

Thay s:

i =1

=0,5 + 3. 0,29 + 0,5625 + 0,37 + 4 + 1=7,3025.

Thay cc gi tr vo phng trnh (1), ta c:

10 +

1,2.9,81.104
1.9,81.104
v2
+0 = 2 +
+ 0 + 7,3025.
3
3
9,81.10
9,81.10
2.10

v = 5,23 (m/s)

Lu lng Q c xc nh theo biu thc:

Q = v. = v.

d 2
4

= 5,23.

3,14.0,12
= 0,041
4

(m3/s)

27

Bi 26: ngi ta ni p k vo 1 bnh cha nc (h.v). p k ch PAK = 1,6.105 N/m2, tng ng

vi ct p: h = 2m, cho n =1. (p k ch p sut trn b mt cht lng)
1. Tnh p sut d ti y bnh pd
2. Cho p0 = 1,8.105 N/m2, pa = 105 N/m2, H = 1,5m. Lc p k ch bao nhiu at?

Gii:
v p k ch p sut d pAK = 1, 6.10 N / m = 1, 63(at ) p dng pt thy tnh p sut d ti y .bnh
5

l pd = p Ak + n .h m n =

pd = 1, 63 + n .2 = 1,8(at ) vy p sut d trong bnh l 1,8 (at)

10
10

- v P0 l p sut tuyt i ti mt thong nn p sut ti y bnh tnh theo P0 l

pdt = p0 + n .H = p0 +

n
1
.H = 1,8 + .1,5 = 1,95( at ) (trong p0 = 1,8.105 N / m 2 = 1,8(at ) v
10
10

pa = 105 n / m 2 = 1(at ) ) luccs Pt tnh theo p k l

1
pdt = p0 + p Ak + n .h p Ak = pdt pa n .h = 1,95 1 .2 = 0, 75(at ) vy p k ch 0,75 (at)
10

28

Bi 27: cho b cha nc dc ni vi mt ng ng knh D, u ng c vi F, ng knh d.

Bit hE=10m; hF=hS=30m; g=10m/s2; =1; hw=0; D=8cm; d=4cm; n=104N/m3.
Hi 1)VS=? ; 2) QF=?; 3)PE=?,PS=? ; 4) v ng nng,ng o p?

Gii:
pA
VA2
pF
VF2
pt becnuli cho 2 m/c AA v FF Z A + + A = Z F + + F + hwA F (1) chn mt chun o-o

2g

2g

iqua tm m/c FF vy ZF=0; VA=0; ZA=hF=30m; hwA-F=0; A=F=1 tnh theo p sut d nn
p A = pa = 0; pF = 0 ( chy t do) t (1)
v2F
v2
+ 0 F = 30 vF = 2 g.30 = 2.10.30 = 24,5( m / s)
2g
2g
2
3,14
d2
4.102 ) = 0, 0307 m3 / s = 31(l / s )
(
*) theo pt lin tc QF = VF .F trong F = F QF = 24,5.
4
4
30 + 0 + 0 = 0 + 0 +

*) pt becnuli cho 2 m/c AA v EE; AA v SS

pA
VA2
pE
VE2
- tm PE m/c AA v EE Z A + + A = Z E + + E + hwA E chn mt chun qua m/c EE

2g

2g
pE vE2

10
+
0
+
0
=
0
+
+
A=E =1; hwA-E=0; zE=0;PA=VA=0; zA=hE=10
ta xc nh VE theo pt lin
2g

tc QE = VE .E ; QF = VF .F VE .E = VF .F VE = VF

F
d2 / 4
d
= VF
= VF thay s
2
E
D /4
D

29

Bi 28: mt ng dn nm ngang c k d1=50mm; k ch thu hp ngi ta ni 1 ng nh cm

vo bnh h cha nc. Xc nh chiu cao h nc c th len c ng ng . cho bit p
sut d ti m/c trc ch co hp p1=0,784N/cm2; lu lng trong ng nm ngang Q=2,7l/s; b qua
tn tht.

Gii:
2
1

p1
V
p2
V22
pt becnuli cho 2 m/c 1-1 v 2-2 Z1 + + 1 = Z 2 + + 2 + hw12 (1) chn mt chun i qua

2g

2g
tm ng ta c z1 = z2 = 0;1 = 2 = 1; hw1 2 = 0 ; t cng thc tnh lu lng ta c
Q = v1.1 v1 =

Q
4Q 4.2, 7.103
4Q
4.2, 7.103
=
=
=
1,37(
m
/
s
)
v
=
=
= 5,5(m / s)
tng
t
ta
c
2
1 d12 3,14.0, 052
d 22 3,14.0, 0252

Thay tt c cc s liu vo pt bec ta c

7840 1,37 2
p
5,52
p
7840 1,37 2
5,52
+
= 2+
2 =
+

9810 2.9,81 2.9,81

9810 2.9,81 2.9,81

p2
= 0, 674(m) vy ti m/c 2-2 c p sut chn khng v c ct p ti l

p
h = 2 = 0, 674 (m ct nc)

30

Bi 29: nc chy t bnh h ra ngoi qua 1 ng nm ngang. Bit H=1m; d1= 75mm;
d2=100mm; d3=50mm; b qua tn tht dc ng.tra bng cho vao=0,5; = 1;
dm

2
3 d32 1

=
= ): 1) xc nh lu lng Q qua ng; 2) v ng nng v
= 1 ; dt = 0,37 (t s
2 d 22 4

ng o p; 3) nu b on ng d3 th ng nng v ng o p c g thay i.

p0
V02
p3
V32
Gii: phng trnh becnuli cho 2 mt ct 0-0 v 3-3 Z 0 + + 0 = Z 3 + + 3 + hw03 (1)

2g

2g
Chn mt chun qua trc ng ta c z0 = H = 1m; z3 = 0; v0= 0(so vi v3); P0=P3=Pa=1 at

P0 d= P3 d= 0; tn tht hw03 = vao

2

v02
v2
v2
+ dm 0 + dt 3 (2) trong h s t m
2g
2g
2g

2
2
p0
V02
p3
V32
d 0, 075

1
+
+

=
Z
+
+

+ hw 03 ; ta c
dm = 1 = 1 12 = 1
=
0,19
(3)
0
3
3

2g

2g
0,12
d2

v2
v2
v11 = v33 v1 = v3 3 (= 0, 44) (4) t (2);(3);(4) hw03 = (0,5 0 + 0 + 0,37 3 ) = 0,5 3 (5) khi ph1
2.g
2.g

ng trnh (1) s tr thnh (tnh theo p sut d) (1) 1 + 0 + 0 = 0 + 0 +

v3 =

v32
v2
+ 0,5 3
2g
2g

2.g
2.10
d2
=
= 3, 6( m / s ) Q=v3 .3 = 3, 6. 3 = 71.103 ( m3 / s) = 7,1(l / s)
1,5
1,5
4

2) v ng nng v ng o p:
- hw1 = vao

v12
1,58
= 0, 063 (m/ct nc)
c v1 = 0, 44.v3 = 1,58(m / s) hw1 = 0,5
2g
2.10

- bc nhy th 2 so vi ng ngang l tng

v12
1,58
= 0,19
= 0, 024 (m/ct nc) hw12 = hw1 + hw 2 = 0, 063 + 0, 024 = 0, 087
2g
2.10
v2
3, 62
= 0,33(m)
- t (5) hw03 = 0,5 3 = 0,5
2.g
2.10
hw 2 = dt

31

3
v2
v12
v2
= 0,9(m / s) 2 = 0, 041(m) v 3 = 0, 66(m)
= 0,127 v v2 = v3
2
2g
2g
2g
p0
V02
p2
V22
3) phng trnh becnuli cho 2 mt ct 0-0 v 2-2: Z 0 + + 0 = Z 2 + + 2 + hw02 (1) tnh

2g

2g
2
2
2
v2
v1
v1
v12

1
=
+
h

h
=

=
0,
69
theo p sut d
(3)
w 0 2 (2) ta tinh tn tht
w02
vao
dt
2g
2g
2g
2g
v2
v2
v1 = 1, 78.v2 (4) t (2);(3);(4) 1 = 0,31 (5) ; t (4) v (5) 1 = 0,98 (6)
2g
2g
v2
v2
hw1 = vao 1 = 0,5.0,98 = 0, 49 v hw0 2 = 0, 69 1 = 0, 69.0,98 = 0, 67 do ng o p nm di mt
2g
2g

- t (6)

chun nn c p sut chn khng

32