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The experience acquired by Soletanche Bachy from more than 150 jet grouting projects employing different systems

in a variety of soils throughout the world is an assurance of robust optimised design using this technique

Expert Solutions in

EUROPE
l l l l l l l l l Autria Belgium Czech Republic Denmark Eire France Germany Hungary Monaco l l l l l l l l l Norway Poland Portugal Rumania Russia Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland l The Nertherlands l United Kingdom l Ukraine

INTERNATIONAL
l l l l l l l l l Argentina Australia Brazil Caribbean Chile China Colombia Ecuador Egypt l l l l l l l l l French Guiana Guadeloupe Guatemala Hong Kong India Indonesia Iran Ivory Coast Korea l l l l l l l l l La Reunion Madagascar Malaysia Mexico Morocco Panama Puerto Rico Senegal Singapore l l l l l l l South Africa Taiwan Thailand United States Venezuela Vietnam West Indies

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Ralisation A. Hourdel Direction de la Communication 08/2002

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Head Office: 6, rue de Watford - 92000 NANTERRE - FRANCE Tl.: +33 (0)1.47.76.42.62 - Fax: +33 (0)1.47.75.99.10 http://www.soletanche-bachy.com

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The process
The jet grouting process consists of breaking up the soil with a high pressure jet in a predrilled borehole and mixing the loosened soil with a self-hardening grout to form columns, panels and other structures in the ground. The choice of the most appropriate system and operating parameters is dictated by: the type and geotechnical properties of the soil to be treated, the radius of action of the jet needed to achieve the required size of the mixed-in-place structure, the desired mechanical post-treatment soil properties, the site constraints and its environment.

Project design
The design of a jet grouting project involves a number of steps, in which iterations may help optimise the design: determination of general geometry and strength of the structure (and permeability if applicable), determination of jet details (geometry, arrangement) with reference to geotechnical and hydrogeological characteristics of the ground and jet system performance and limitations, performance of trials to check that the proposed method and jet parameters meet the requirements of the design.

System and parameter selection


The jet system and parameters are selected on the basis of: - the energy of the jet needed to obtain the desired radius of action with the proposed jet system, - grout formulation needed to achieve the required strength in the grouted soil.
FRANCE Sissonne church Jet system selection trials Consolidation design

Columns construction using twin jet

Twin-jet column

Principal jet systems


PARIS - Rehabilitation of RER C rapid transit line Project finalisation

Single-jet column Trial shaft

SINGLE JET Soil loosening and grout injection are performed by a jet of high pressure grout from nozzles at the bottom end of a drill rod.

TWIN JET Soil loosening and grout injection are performed by a high pressure jet of grout shrouded by a concentric jet of air which increases the radius of action.

TRIPLE JET Soil loosening is performed by a jet of water shrouded by concentric jet of air. Grout injection is performed by a separate jet of grout.

Cairo underground railway Jet energy versus column diameter for twin-jet system in dense fine-grained sand below water table

Choice of method and parameters

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The jet grouting method is suitable for all soils (from clay to sand and gravels), capable of producing a wide variety of structures through a combination of columns, panels, half-columns, etc...
S E C A N T C O L U M N C U T- O F F S E C A N T P A N E L S C U T- O F F S E C A N T C O L U M N B L O C K S E C A N T C O L U M N B O T T O M S L A B

ITALY - Gambolo Landfill encapsulation with 9000 twin-jet grouted columns of 150cm diameter forming a watertight bottom and 6000 m of diaphragm walls forming the watertight sides

KENYA - Thika Dam Cut-off under dam 16,500ml of 120cm dia. triple-jet columns down to 35m depth

FRANCE - Lillebonne Factory containment 3000 m 2 cut-off by 3m span panels inside an operational factory Cairo underground railway Jet-grouted blocks at tunnel break-in and break-out sites. 100 000 m 3 of treated soil using columns of twin jet 1.5 to 3 m

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T R E AT M E N T

The jet grouting process can be applied to anything from major civil engineering works to local underpinning of buildings in confined spaces
U N D E R P I N N I N G
Lunville Underpinning interior walls of building with twin-jet half-columns

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Svres Achres trunk sewer Ring of triple-jet columns in variable soils

LYON - BPNL Tunnel Roof consolidated as tunnelling proceeds Motorway tunnel - Section through collapsed area Solid grouting from ground surface and horizontal jet grouting through steel ribs into collapsed ground

Singapore underground railway 550 triple-jet columns, depth 25m, diameter 180cm, in very soft clay

Lyon metro Tunnel driving under buildings 300 single-jet columns built from basements with confined access

Deauville Underpinning hotel before excavating car park

AUSTRALIA - Cannington Mine Twin jet down to 85m deep (depth record)

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The jet grouting process is extremely versatile


SWITZERLAND - Lucerne Schweizerhof hotel Repairs: leak treatment within diaphragm wall joints

FRANCE - Concarneau Quay wall stabilised with reinforced twin-jet columns

FRANCE La Tour Maubourg Car Park Formation of an underground bottom slab strut, to deepen a basement excavation

NICE - South urban motorway Slope supported with twin-jet tangent-column buttresses

SAN SALVADOR - Cuscatlan Bridge Piers Circular wall and base foudations using twin-jet columns

NICE - Lenval Hospital Plunged columns

PARIS - Saint Martin Turbigo Car Park Retaining wall between two diaphragm walls under operational car park

PARIS - Louvre Museum Foundation to cover slab to Charles V crypt


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