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TRNG I HC DC H NI

B MN DC LIU

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TIU LUN Ch : TNG QUAN DC LIU C C DC


H v tn: H Th Nht T 5 A4K65 MSV: 0901372

H NI, 4/2013

MC LC
Trang T VN .......................................................................................... I. Tng quan ............................................................................................ 1.1. c im thc vt chi Datula........................................................... 1.1.1. V tr phn loi ...................................................................... 1.1.2. Tm tt c im h C 1.1.3. c im thc vt chi Datula............................................... 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 11 14 14 16 16 17 17

1.2. c im thc vt, phn b ca C c dc............................... 1.2.1. 1.2.2. 1.2.3. Tn h................................................................................... M t .................................................................................. Phn b sinh thi, thu hi, ch bin......................................

II. Nghin cu thnh phn ha hc ca cy C c dc.................... 2.1.Thnh phn........................................................................................ 2.2.Phng php nghin cu.................................................................. III. Tc dng dc l . IV. Tnh v, cng nng............................................................................. V. Cng dng............................................................................................

T VN Tri qua hng nghn nm tn ti v pht trin ca loi ngi, ngoi vic su dng v vn cy c cho cc mc ch khc nhau ca cuc sng, nhn dn Vit Nam cng nh nhn dn nhiu nc trn th gii tch ly, lu truyn c rt nhiu kinh nghim, tri thc qu bu v phng v cha bnh bng cy c. Tuy nhin cho n nay vic s dng ch yu da vo kiinh nghim dn gian m cha c nghin cu k c c s khoa hc trong vic s dng chng. C c dc l mt chi gm 9 loi thc vt c hoa thuc h ( solanaceae). in
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hnh cho cc loi ca chi ny l h m, n hoa vo bui ti, hon ton ph hp vi bn cht en ti ca C c dc. C c dc l cy bi nh, cy mc hoang v c trng khp ni Vit Nam, Campuchia, Lo, n , Malaisia, Trung Quc... lm cnh v lm thuc. Hu ht cc b phn ca cy u cha c cha alcaloid, ngoi ra cn c hyoscyamin, atropin C c dc c dng cha ho, hen xuyn, lm thuc gim au trong cc trng hp vim lot d dy hnh t trng, au qun rut hay cc cn au tht khc, lm thuc chng say nng, bun nn khi i tu xe, my bay.

I. Tng quan 1.1. c im thc vt 1.1.1. V tr phn loi C c dc cn gi l Mn la, tn khoa hc l Datula metel thuc h C (Solanaceae); b C (Solanalef), phn lp Hoa mi (Langidae), ngnh Ngc Lan( Magnoliophyta), gii thc vt bc cao (Plantae). Gii thc vt (Plantae) Ngnh Ngc Lan (Liliopsida) Phn lp Hoa mi (Langidae) B C (Solanalef)
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H C (Solanaceae) 1.1.2. Tm tt c im h C (Solanaceae) Cy c, bi hay cy g nh, i khi l dy leo. L n, nguyn hay chia thy su, mc so le, c hin tng li cun (l mu di cng mc vi l mu trn, to thnh gc vung). Khng c l km. Cn hoa thng l xim k l, i khi cng c hin tng li cun (lu lu c). Hoa lng tnh, mu nm u hoc khng u. i nm, dnh nhau, pht trin cng qu. Trng nm, dnh lin nhau to thnh trng hnh bnh xe hoc hnh ng. Nh nm, dnh vo ng trng, xp xen k vi cc thy ca trng. Bao phn m bng khe dc hoc m bng l nh. B nhy gm hai l non dnh nhau to thnh bu trn, nm lch so vi mt phng trc sau ca hoa, c hai hoc do vch gi chia thnh 3 -5 , mi nhiu non, tnh non trung tr. Qu mng hay qu nang. Ht c phi thng hay cong, trong ni nh. 1.1.3. c im thc vt chi Datula Cy bi nh. Qu nang c gai, ht nhiu, dt. Ht cha hyoscyamin, atropin. Hoa, l lm thuc cha hen. Ngun gc Mxico. Cy c. 1.2. c im thc vt, phn b ca C c dc 1.2.1. c im thc vt Cy C c dc l cy thuc h tho, mc hng nm, cao chng 1 1,5m ton thn hu nh nhn, cnh non v cc b phn non c nhng lng t ngn. L n mc cch nhng gn ngn gn nh mc i hay mc vng. Phin kas hnh trng di 9 16cm, rng 4 9cm, gc l lch, ngn l nhn, mp l t khi nguyn thng ln sng hoc hi x 3 4 rng ca; Mt l lc non c nhiu lng, sau rng dn.

Hnh 1: cy c c dc Hoa to, mc ring l k l, cung l di 1 2cm, i hoa hnh ng c 5 vn ni ln r rt, di 5 8cm, rng 1,5 2cm. Khi hoa ho, mt phn cn li trng thnh vi qu ging hnh ci mm. Trng to, hnh phu c mu trng hoc tm. Qu hnh cu, mt ngoi c gai, ng knh chng 3cm, qu non c mu xanh khi gi mu nu, c nhiu ht trng dt, di 3 5mm, dy 1mm, cnh c nhng vn ni. Cn c vo mu sc ca hoa v thn cy ngi ta chia ra nhiu dng C c dc. nc ta hin nay c 3 dng C c dc. - Datula metel L. forma alba: Cy c hao trng, thn anh, cnh xanh - Datula metel L. forma violacea: Cy c hao m tm v cnh thn tm - Dng lai ca hai dng trn. 1.2.2. Phn b, trng hi Cy mc hoang v c trng khp ni Vit Nam, Campuchia, Lo, n , Malaisia, Trung Quc... lm cnh v lm thuc. Cy thng mc nhng ni t hoang, t mn hi m. nc ta c nhiu Vnh Phc, Thanh Ha, Ngh An, Thi Bnh, Ninh Thun...

Thu hi l vo lc cy sp v ang ra hoa(thng 5 - 6 n ht thng 9 10). Hoa hi vo cc thng 8, 9, 10. Ht ly nhng qu chn ng mu nu B phn dng, ch bin - Hoa (Flos Datulae metelis): phi hay sy kh - L ( Folium Datulae metelis): phi hay sy kh (hay dng nht - Ht ( Semen Datulae metelis): phi hoc sy kh

Hnh 2: qu c c dc

Vi phu l: - Biu b c lng che ch lm chm nh c ct, lng tit t hn, c u a bo, chn n bo. - Trong phin l, pha trn c hai hng m du, pha di l m khuyt. - Lp m dy mt trn v mt di vn l. - B libe g hnh cung nm gia gn l, libe bao quanh g.
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- Tinh th calci xxalat hnh cu gai di rc trong tht l

Hnh 3: vi phu l c c dc 1. biu b mang lng che ch; 2. m mn giu;3. m khuyt; 5. g;libe; 7. M dy; 8.tinh th oxalat; 9.lng che ch a bo; 10. Lng tit Bt l: C mu lc hay lc nu. Soi di knh hin vi thy: mnh biu b c l kh, lng che ch a bo, lng tit u a bo, chn n bo, tinh th calxi ooxxalat hnh cu gai, mnh mch v m du, mnh m mm c t bo cha tinh th calci xalat dng ct.

Hnh 4: bt c c dc Ch bin: Sau khi phi, sy kh tn thnh bt, c th ch cao lng hay dng cn, c khi lm thuc thang sc ung. II,Thnh phn ha hc Hu ht cc b phn ca cy u cha c cha alcaloid, trong alcaloid chnh l L scopolamin (= hyoscin), ngoi ra cn c hyoscyamin, atropin, nohyoscyamin. Hm lng alcaloid ton phn l 0,1 0,6%, r: 0,1 0,2%, ht: 0,2 0,5%, qu: 0,12%, hoa: 0,25 - 0,6%.

Hnh 5: atropin

Hm lng alcaloid thay i ty theo thi k sinh trng ca cy v cch trng trt chm sc, thng cao nht vo lc cy ra hoa. Khi qu chn cc alcaloid di chuyn t v qu vo trong ht. Vic bn phn m lng tng hm lng alcaloid ton phn. Nu ta bt cnh hoc ct ngn lng alcaloid s gim

Scopolamin Ngoi alcaloid, trong l, r cn c flavonoid, saponin, coumarin, tanin, trong ht cn c cht bo.

III.Kim nghim: 1. nh tnh: - Phn ng ca scopolamine: cho vo dch chit alcaloid ca c c dc vi git thuc th Mandelin s xut hin mu . - Phn ng vitali: Ly khong 3gam bt dc liu cho vo mt bnh nn. Kim ha bng amoniac ri thm 10ml hn hp ether-chloroform[3:1]. yn t 30 pht n 1 gi thnh thong lc u. Chit ether-chloroform vo mt chu kt tinh, un cch thy n kh, thm 3 5 git aceton v vi git KOH 10% trong cn s c mu tm chuyn nhanh sang mu thm. - Dng sc k khai trin bng h dung mi: n-BuOH-CH3COOHH2O[40:8:20] hay hn dung mi n-BuOH-CH3COOH-H2O[4:1:5]. Thuc th hin mu Dragendorff. 2. nh lng:
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nh lng alcaloid ton phn theo phng php o th tch ging nh nh lng alcaloid trong l benladon. Dc in Vit Nam I quy nh trong l c c dc phi cha t nht 0,12% alcaloid ton phn biu th bng hyosciamin (C17H23O3N). Ngoi ra c th nh lng trong mi trng khan: Cn chnh xc 3g bt dc liu, trn k vi 1ml amoniac c. Chit lnh bng my Lorinez vi 150ml benzen. Chuyn alcaloid sang dng mui bng cch lc 4 ln, mi ln 10ml H2SO4 2N. Gn dch chit acid vo bnh nh mc 50 ml, thm H2SO4 2N cho 50 ml. Kim ha bng amoniac m c n pH 8 9. Lc vi chloroform hai ln u mi ln 20 ml, hai ln sau mi ln 10 ml. Gp dch chit chloroform tinh khit (khan nc), thm 5 ml acid acetic tinh khit v 1 - 2 git ch th tm gentian, dung dch c mu tm. Chun bng acid percloric 0,02N n khi dung dch c mu xanh nc bin. 1 ml dung dch acid percloric 0,02N tng ng vi 5,787 mg atropin baze Theo DVNIV: Cn chnh xc khong 25g bt mn dc liu, c sy kh 4 gi 60 C; cho vo bnh Soxhlet, lm m dc liu bng hn hp ethanol - amoniac m c - ether ethylic (5 : 4 : 10). yn 12 gi, thm 500ml ether ethylic, un hi lu trn cch thy n khi chit ht alcaloid.
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Bc hi dch chit trn cch thy cho bay gn ht ether, thm 25ml dung dch acid sulfuric 0,5N, tip tc bc hi cho n ht ether. yn dung dch n khi cn hi m, lc qua bng, chuyn dch lc vo bnh gn. Mt khc, ra cn bng 5ml dung dch acid sulfuric 0,5N v 2 ln vi nc, mi ln 5ml. Gp cc nc ra vi dung dch acid sulfuric trong bnh gn, chit vi 10ml, 5ml, 5ml cloroform n khi cloroform khng cn c mu. Trn u cc dung dch cloroform v chit bng 10ml dung dch acid sulfuric 0,1N, gn b lp cloroform, gp cc dch chit acid sulfuric li, trung ha bng ammoniac m c v thm 2ml ammoniac m c na. Chit ngay vi 20ml, 15ml, 15ml, 10ml, 5ml cloroform n khi chit c ht alcaloid. Lc cc dung dch cloroform trn cng mt phu lc c natri sulphat khan. Ra tip phu lc hai ln, mi ln vi 4ml cloroform. Gp cc dch chit cloroform v dch ra, bc hi dung mi trn cch thy n cn. Thm 3ml ethanol trung tnh ha tan cn, bc hi n kh v tip tc un nng trong 15 pht. un nh ha tan cn trong 2ml cloroform, cho thm chnh xc 20ml dung dch acid sulfuric 0,02N, un cch thy cho bc hi ht cloroform; ngui nhit phng, thm 2 - 3

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git dung dch methyl. Chun bng dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02N n khi xut hin mu vng. 1ml dung dch acid sulfuric 0,02N tng ng vi 6,068mg C17H21NO4. Dc liu phi cha khng c di 0,12% alcaloid tnh theo scopolamin (C17H21NO4) tnh theo dc liu kh kit.

IV.Tc dng v cng dng C c dc l v thuc c m nhn dn ta bit t lu . Tc dng ca n gn ging benladon. Trong thi k khng chin chng Php c dng thay th benladon. Scopolamin c tc dng c ch h c trn v cc tuyn tit nh atropin nhng c khc l tc dng ngoi bin km hn nh: Lm gin ng t trong thi gian ngn hn. Tc dng c ch h thn kinh trung ng r rt hn v vy ngi ta thng dung scopolamin trong gy m, dng trong khoa ng kinh cha ng kinh, cha co git trong bnh Parkinson. Mc d scopolamine l mt loi thuc nguy him, n anticholinergic thuc tnh cho n mt s ng dng y t hp php vi liu lng rt nh. V d, trong iu tr say tu xe , liu dng, dn dn pht hnh t mt ming dn , ch l 330 microgram (mcg) mi ngy. Trong trng hp him hoi, phn ng bt thng vi liu thng thng ca scopolamine xy ra bao gm s nhm ln, kch ng, li ni lan man, o gic, hnh vi hoang tng, v o tng. Atropin l alcaloid khng muscarin, mt hp cht amin bc ba, c c tc dng ln trung ng v ngoi bin. Thuc c ch cnh tranh vi acetylcholin cc th th muscaric ca cc c quan, chu s chi phi ca h ph giao cm v c ch tc dng ca acetylcholin c trn. Atropin c dng c ch tc dng ca thn kinh giao cm. Vi liu iu tr Atropin tc dng ngn ln th th nicotin C c dc c dng cha ho, hen xuyn, lm thuc gim au trong cc trng hp vim lot d dy hnh t trng, au qun rut hay cc cn au tht khc, lm thuc chng say nng, bun nn khi i tu xe, my bay. Ngoi ra y hc c truyn
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dng c c dc cha au c, t thp cc kh. Cn c dng p ngoi vo mn nht gim au nhc. Atropin Sulfat-0,25mg/ml Lm gim co tht & tng ng trong cc bnh l ng tiu ha& tit niu -Tng tit m hi. - Dng tin phu: c ch tit nc bt. - Hi chng xoang cnh, hi chng suy nt xoang, chm nhp xoang. - Chng nn khi i tu xe & parkinson. - Ng c pilocarpine, alkyl phosphat. Dng thuc hp 100ng x 1ml thuc tim Thnh phn, hm lng Atropin: 0.25mg Ch nh(Dng cho trng hp) -Lm gim co tht & tng ng trong cc bnh l ng tiu ha& tit niu -Tng tit m hi. - Dng tin phu: c ch tit nc bt. - Hi chng xoang cnh, hi chng suy nt xoang, chm nhp xoang. - Chng nn khi i tu xe & parkinson. - Ng c pilocarpine, alkyl phosphat. Chng ch nh(Khng dng cho nhng trng hp sau) Glaucoma, ph i tuyn tin lit, hen ph qun, tc nghn ng tiu ha, au tht ngc. Liu dng - Ngi ln: + Tin phu 1 mg tim SC hoc IM; + Co tht ng tiu ha hoc ng niu 0,2 - 0,6 mg x 2 ln/ngy, ti a 3 ln/ngy. + Ng c cht c ch cholinesterase 1 - 5 mg tim IM hoc IV, ti a 50 mg/ngy. + Nn khi i tu xe 2 - 3 mg tim SC. - Tr em: + Tr sinh non: 0,065 mg/ln. + S sinh: 0,1 mg/ln. + Tr 6 - 12 thng: 0,2mg/ln. + Tr > 1 tui: 0,01 - 0,02 mg/kg. + Tr > 6 tu: 0,5 -1 mg. Tc dng ph Liu cao c th gy bng mt, kh ming, lit c th mi, b tiu, ri lon nhp tim, kch ng, chng mt, to bn.

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SCOPOLAMIN Scopolamine hydrobromide tim, USP l mt dung dch v trng ca scopolamine hydrobromide (C 17 H 21 NO 4 HBr 3H 2 O) trong nc tim. Tim c bo qun vi methylparaben 0,18% v 0,02% propylparaben. Scopolamine hydrobromide tim dnh cho tim bp, tim tnh mch di da v s dng. PH (3,5-6,5) c iu chnh vi axit hydrobromic nu cn thit. Cc cng thc cu to l:

Dc lm sng Scopolamine hydrobromide l mt trong nhng i l antimuscarinic chnh c ch tc ng ca acetylcholine (ACh) trn quan tc ng t tr phn b bi cc dy thn kinh hu hch cholinergic cng nh trn c trn thiu innervation cholinergic. N tc ng nh hng t trn cc hnh ng ca ACh ti cc th th nicotinic nh hch t tr. Cc hnh ng chnh ca i l antimuscarinic y l mt s i lp khc phc c ACh v cc i l muscarinic khc. So vi atropine, scopolamine ch khc v s lng trong hnh ng antimuscarinic. Scopolamine c mt hnh ng mnh m hn trn mng mt, c th mi v cc tuyn tit nht nh nh nc bt, ph qun v m hi. Scopolamine, trong liu iu tr, thng gy bun ng, hng phn, mt tr
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nh, mt mi v m gic ng vi vic gim nhanh chng chuyn ng mt ng. Tuy nhin, liu lng nh nhau i khi gy hng phn, bn chn, o gic hoc m sng, c bit l trong s hin din ca cn au d di. Scopolamine suy yu phn ng kch thch in no photostimulation. N mnh hn atropine v hot ng antitremor (Parkinson) ng vt gy ra bi tn thng phu thut. Scopolamine c hiu qu trong vic ngn nga say tu xe bng cch tc ng trn cc maculae ca utricle v saccule. Scopolamine, mc d yu hn so vi atropine, c s dng thng xuyn trong thuc preanesthetic vi mc ch c ch s bi tit ca mi, ming, hng v ph qun v lm gim s xut hin ca co tht thanh qun trong qu trnh gy m ton thn. Scopolamine l t hiu lc trong vic gim t l tim, nhng khng phi trong s thay i ca huyt p hoc cung lng tim. Nh cc i l antimuscarinic khc, scopolamine c s dng rng ri trong iu tr lot d dy t trng v nh mt tc nhn chng co tht cho cc ri lon tiu ha. iu ny l do thc t l scopolamine lm gim tit nc bt, s tit dch v (c khi lng v hm lng axit), v cng c ch s hot ng ca ng c ca d dy, t trng, hng trng, hi trng v i trng, c trng bi s st gim trong giai iu, bin v tn sut xut hin nhu ng. Ch nh v s dng Scopolamine hydrobromide tim, USP c ch nh nh mt thuc an thn gim au v an thn cho h thng thn kinh trung ng. Trong hnh ng ngoi vi ca n, scopolamine khc vi atropine ch n l mt tc nhn mnh ngn chn cho mng mt, c th mi v tuyn nc bt, ph qun v m hi nhng yu trong hot ng ca n trn trung tm (trong n khng c kh nng gy cc hnh ng trong dung np liu), ng rut v h thng c ph qun. Ngoi vic s dng thng thng cho thuc antimuscarinic, scopolamine c s dng cho cc hot ng trm cm trung tm nh mt thuc an thn. Thng n c a ra nh mt thuc preanesthetic cho c hai hnh ng an thn, an thn v khng tit ca n. N l mt chng nn hiu qu. N c s dng trong trng thi in cung, trong tremens m sng v trong sn khoa. Nh mt mydriatic v cycloplegic, n c mt khong thi gian ngn hn mt cht (3-7 ngy) v p lc ni nhn b nh hng t hn ng k so vi atropine. Chng ch nh Scopolamine hydrobromide chng ch nh nhng bnh nhn b tng nhn p gc hp, k t khi chnh quyn ca thuc c th lm tng nhn p n mc nguy him. Tuy nhin, iu ny s khng xy ra cho bnh nhn bnh tng nhn p bn gc. Qun l lp i lp li ca scopolamine cho bnh nhn b bnh phi mn tnh c coi l c kh nng nguy him.Bnh nhn qu nhy cm vi belladonna hoc thuc an thn c th qu nhy cm vi scopolamine hydrobromide.
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Cnh bo Nghin khng xy ra, mc d nn ma, mt mi, m hi v nc bt c bo co nhng bnh nhn Parkinson b thu hi t ngt ca liu lng ln ca scopolamine.Scopolamine l mt trong nhng loi thuc quan trng nht ca nhm belladonna t quan im ca ng c, tr s sinh v tr em c bit nhy cm vi cc alkaloid belladonna.Scopolamine thng tuyn b c hn atropine. Phong cch ring l ph bin hn vi scopolamine hn vi atropine v liu iu tr thng thng i khi gy ra phn ng bo ng. Thn trng Chung Nu c gin ng t v s nh sng, eo knh en nn c eo. Bin php phng nga liu lng thch hp phi c thc hin vi tr s sinh, tr em, ngi c mongolism, tn thng no, co cng, hoc irides nh sng. Nhn p cao, kh tiu tin v duy tr v to bn c th xy ra nhiu hn ngi cao tui. Ngi n ng vi ph i tuyn tin lit, c bit cn theo di chc nng tit niu. Do nhng tc ng nhp nhanh ca cc loi thuc, chm sc phi c thc hin khi nhp tim nhanh, lon nhp nhanh khc, bnh mch vnh, bnh tim sung huyt hoc cng gip preexist. Ngi b tng huyt p c th gp c hai phng i h huyt p t th ng v nhp tim nhanh. Tng t nh vy, bnh thn kinh t tr i hi phi thn trng. Ngi c tin s d ng hoc hen ph qun s hin th mt t l cao hn so vi bnh thng ca phn ng qu mn. Cc th nghim trong phng th nghim Thuc an thn c th lm tng Bromosulfonphthalein (BSP) cp; qun l khng c khuyn co trong vng 24 gi trc th nghim. Tng tc thuc Cc loi thuc khc, chng hn nh cc phenothiazin, thuc chng trm cm ba vng, thuc khng histamin nht nh, meperidine, vv, m c hot ng antimuscarinic yu, c th tng cng ng k tc dng ca thuc antimuscarinic. Nhm v magi khng acid trisilicate cha c chng minh l lm gim hp thu ca mt s loi thuc antimuscarinic v c th c th lm nh vy vi tt c chng. Phn loi C Scopolamine hydrobromide c th vt qua hng ro nhau thai, nguy c cho thai nhi trong t cung cha c bit, nhng s dng trong khi mang thai c th gy suy h hp tr s sinh v c th gy xut huyt tr s sinh do gim yu t ng mu Vitamin K ph thuc tr s sinh. Scopolamine nn c s dng trong khi mang thai nu li ch tim nng v ri ro cho thai nhi.

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Cc b m cho con b Vn trong con ngi khng c ghi nhn, tuy nhin, nguy c v li ch phi c xem xt t thuc an thn v belladonna alkaloid c bi tit qua sa m. Tc dng ngoi mun Vi gn nh tt c cc loi thuc antimuscarinic, kh ming l da u kh v l tc dng ph ph bin th hai. Kht v kh nut xy ra khi ming v thc qun tr nn kh, kh ming mn tnh cng thc y su rng. n p m hi gy ra bng phn x v khng dung np nhit v c th dn n kit sc v nng hoc t qu nhit trong mi trng nng, n cng gp phn lm tng thn nhit thy trong nhim c. Gin ng t thng xuyn xy ra, c bit l vi scopolamine, s nh sng v lm m tm nhn l hu qu ca vic gin ng t. Cycloplegia (lm trm trng thm tm nhn m) xy ra khong ng thi vi gin ng t, nhng liu thng cao hn l bt buc. nhng ngi nhy cm, c bit l ngi gi, cycloplegia c th ng gp vo cao nhn p. Kh khn trong vic i tiu v b tiu c th xy ra. Nhp tim nhanh l mt tc dng ph thng gp. To bn, thm ch rut , c th xy ra. liu iu tr ln hn, scopolamine c th gy chng mt, bn chn, run, mt mi v vn ng kh khn. Qa liu Nhim c h thng nghim trng c th xy ra ngay c t chuyn ng dng khoa mt, c bit l tr em, v c hai u hp th nc v thot nc nasolacrimal thnh rut c th cung cp mt lng ng k cho vic lu thng. Trong nhim c nghim trng, l st, bng mt, bun nn, nn, bun ng, mt phng hng, sng s, o gic, tng bch cu, pht ban nonallergenic, tun hon hoc sp h hp, thm ch t vong, cng vi tt c cc hiu ng tn phia trc, c th xy ra. Tr em, c bit l tr s sinh v tr em vi mongolism, lit co cng hoc tn thng no, c nhiu nhy cm hn ngi ln vi cc tc ng c hi. Nu hng th nh du l hin ti v iu tr c th hn l khng c sn, diazepam l thch hp nht cho an thn v kim sot cc cn co git. Liu lng ln cn trnh v hnh ng gim au trung ng c th trng vi trm cm xy ra vo cui ng c belladonna. Phenothiazin khng nn c s dng bi v hnh ng antimuscuranic ca h l kh nng tng cng tnh c v c th gim bnh nhn vo tnh trng hn m. H hp nhn to vi oxy c th l cn thit. Ti nc v bt bin ru gip gim st, c bit l tr em. Cch dng Ngi ln Sn khoa mt tr nh hoc thuc an thn trc phu thut, 0,32-0,65 mg (320650 mg). gy ng hoc tranquilization, 0,6 mg (600 mg) 3 hoc 4 ln mt ngy.
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Di da, nh l mt chng nn, 0,6-1 mg. Tr em Tui 6 thng. n 3 nm., 0,1-0,15 mg (100 n 150 mcg). tui t 3 n 6 nm., 0,2-0,3 mg (200 n 300 mcg). Di da, nh chng nn, 0,006 mg (6 mcg) mi kg Thuc Scopolamine l mt loi thuc dng ngn nga bun nn v i ma sau khi gy m v gii phu.. Thuc cng c dng chng bun nn v ma do chng say tu xe.Scopolamine thuc nhm cc thuc chng tit cholin (anticholinergics) v tc ng ln h thn kinh trung ng lm cho cc c d dy v rut c m du. Thuc ch c bn theo toa bc s.Th nhng nu ri vo tay bn ti phm th thuc scopolamine li tr thnh mt thuc ng s nht th gii v bn ti phm ny thng dng scopolamine xa tr nh v lm mt thc tm thi ca nn nhn. Scopolamine cn gi l hi th ca qu

Ming dn chng say xe l 1 sn phm c cha scopolamin Cc bi thuc v c c dc trong y hc c truyn. 1,Cng dng, ch tr cy c c dc: Cy c c dc v cay, tnh n, c c. Tc dng kh phong thp, cha hen suyn. c dng cha ho, hen, chng co tht trong bnh d dy v rut, ct cn au, say sng hoc nn khi i tu xe. Dng ngoi, p mn nht gim au nhc.
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Liu dng: Dng di dng bt l hay bt hoa hoc dng l hay hoa phi kh, thi nh qun iu ht nh thuc l. Liu dng 1 1,5g/ngy. Dng ru C c dc t l 1/10; 0,5 - 3,0g ngy cho ngi ln; 0,1g/5 git cho tr em, 2 - 3 ln/ngy. Ch : + Khng dng cho ngi c th lc yu. + Ton cy c c, khi dng thy c triu chng ng c, phi dng ngay. Nu b ng c biu hin gin ng t, lm m mt, tim p nhanh, gin ph qun, kh mi hng, n mc khng nut c. Cht c tc dng vo h thn kinh, gy chng mt, o gic v m sng, sau hn m, t lit v cht. Gii c v iu tr: y l tnh trng ng c Atropin. Khi ng c ng tiu ha phi nhanh chng loi b cht c ra khi c th: Gy nn, ra d dy bng nc ch c (i vi ngi ln). m, gi yn tnh cho ngi bnh. C th dng thuc an thn nu vt v, kt hp tr sc nu c biu hin b ph, mt mi. Theo di mch, huyt p thng xuyn. Trng hp ng c nng phi chuyn cp cu kp thi. Y hc c truyn dng bi thuc sau iu tr ng c C c dc mc nh, bnh nhn cn tnh to hoc sau cp cu bnh nhn qua cn nguy him: V u xanh 400g, Kim ngn hoa 200g, Lin kiu 100g, Cam tho 10g. Sc vi 3 bt nc, ly 1 bt: ung dn tng ngm lm nhiu ln cho n lc ht triu chng ng c.

2, V thuc C c dc, cn gi c din, c lc dc (Ty), sa ta (H`mng), mn la, ha ka piu (Dao). Tc dng: Kh phong thp, nh suyn Cng dng : Cha ho, hen, thp khp, sng chn, chng co tht gim au l lot trong d dy, rut, cha tr, say sng, say my bay. p mn nht au nhc. L hoa kh tn bt ung, hoc thi nh ht. Bt l kh, liu ti a : 0,2g/ln; 0,6g/24 gi. Cn dng dng cao, cn. n thuc kinh nghim: Cha hen: Hoa hoc l c c dc phi kh thi nh, 1 phn, kali nitrat 1 phn cho vo giy cun thnh iu thuc l, ngy ht 1-1.5g vo lc c
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TI LIU THAM KHO Thc vt dc- H Dc HN Dc liu hc tp 2 - nh xb y hc nm 2007

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