1

CAU HOI VABAI TAP CAC HP CHAT DVONG

1-Vi et cong thc cau tao cua cac hp chat di vng :
a) 2,5-i etyl f uran
b) -bromthi ophen
c) ,
/
-i etyl pi rol
d) 2-ami nopi ri di n
e) 2-metyl -5-vi nyl pi ri i n
f ) -pi ri i nsunf oaxi t
g) axi t i ndol -4-cacboxyl i c
h) 2-metyl qui nol i n
i ) 8-hi roxi qui nol i n
k) axi t f uran-2-cacboxyl i c
l ) axi t qui nol i n-4-cacboxyl i c
m) 3-metyl i ndol
n) 3-(2-ami noetyl )-i ndol
o) pi peri di n
p) pi rol i di n
q) 5-metyl i mi dazol
r) pi ran
s) Thi azol
x) I soxazol
y) 5-f omyl -8-hi droxi qui nol i n
2-Goi ten cac hp chat di vng mt di t sau:
c)
b)
a)
COOH
N
H
COCH
3
S
CH
3
O
CH=O
O
COC
6
H
5
O
d)
e)
H
N
CH
2
COOH
f)
n)
m)
h)
g)
COOH
N
OH
N
CH=O
O
2
N
N
OH
N
3-Goi ten cac hp chat di vng ngung tu sau:
NH S
N
N
N
N
N
N
a) b) c)
d)
e)
N
NH
N
NH
S
f)
g)
h)
k)
2
S S
S
S S O
O
S
l ) m) n)
p)
N N
H
N
N
N
N
H
N
N
N
N
q)
r)
s)
4-1) Vi et cong thc cau tao cac ong phan cua thi ophen cocong thc
phan tC
6
H
8
S. Goi ten chung.
2) Vi et cong thc cau tao cua tat ca cac ong phan cua
i metyl pi rol . Hay goi ten chung.
3) Vi et cong thc cau tao cua tat cacac ong phan cua metyl i ndol .
Hay goi ten chung.
4) Vi et cong thc cau tao cua tat ca cac ong phan cua
metyl qui nol i n. Hay goi ten chung.
5-1) Vi et phng trnh phan ng xay ra khi cho cac chat di ay i
qua oxi t nhom nung en 450
o
C:
a) -metyl f uran vi metyl ami n
b) Thi ophen vi metyl ami n
c) -metyl pi rol vi hi rosunf ua.
Goi ten cac san pham tao thanh theo danh phap I UPAC.
2) Nhng hp chat i cacbonyl nao can dung ekhi khep dvong th
thu c nhng chat sau :
a) 2,5-i metyl thi ophen
b) 2,3,5-tri phenyl thi ophen
c) 2,5-i metyl f uran
d) 3,4-i metyl pi rol
e) 1,2,5-tri metyl pi rol
3) Hay goi ten cac san pham trung gi an trong tong hp pol i -N-
vi nyl pi rol i don (chat thay thetong hp huyet tng cua mau) :
CO
xt
A
+ 4[H]
+ NH
3
+[O]
+ C
2
H
2
Pol i me C
N
CH=CH
2
B
C
D
O
CHO
O
xt
Al
2
O
3
,t C
o
3
4) Lam thenao tcanxi cacbua nhan c 1-phenyl pi rol ?
6-Cho s ochuyen hoa sau :
CHCl
3
KOH/C
2
H
5
OH, t
o
C
Y
dd HCl
M
Z
8-Hi roxi qui nol i n
(1) (2)
1) Hoan thanh s ochuyen hoa vagoi ten cua Y, Z trong s o
tren khi M gom cac trng hp sau :
Trng hp M
a) o-Metoxi axetophenon
b) p-I odoaxetophenon
c) m-Cl oroaxetophenon
2) Hay vi et c checua phan ng (1) tao ra Y [ phan ng f omyl hoa
theo phng phap Rai m-Ti man (Rei mer Ti emann)] .
7-Cho s ochuyen hoa sau :
1) Hoan thanh s ochuyen hoa vagoi ten cau hnh cothecocua
Z trong s ogom cac trng hp sau :
Trng hp Y M
a) Ni coti nanehi t 5-axetyl -8-hi roxi qui nol i n
b) Pi col i nanehi t p-Hi roxi axetophenon
c) I soni coti nanehi t m-Ni troxetophenon
2) Hay vi et c checua phan ng oi vi trng hp (b) (phan ng
ngng tuanol croton hoa).
8-Cho bi et sgi ong nhau vakhac nhau gi a pi ri i n vabenzen
9-So sanh khanang phan ng cua nhan pi rol , thi ophen, f uran, benzen
vapi ri i n khi hal ogen hoa (v dui ot hoa).
10-Tf uran i eu chenhng hp chat sau:
a) Tetrahi ropi rol
b) N-metyl pi rol .
11-Hp chat nao c tao thanh khi cho -metyl pi ri i n phan ng vi
nhng tac nhan sau:
Y
dd HCl
M
Z
4
a) Phenyl l i ti
b) Benzanehi t
c) Natri ami ua, t
o
C.
12-Vi et ay ucac phng trnh phan ng theo s osau vagoi ten
san pham:
13-Vi et s ophan ng theel ectrophi n vao ,-i metyl pi ri i n. ong
phan nao c tao thanh l achuyeu.
14-Cho 2 s ochuyen hoa sau:
1) Qui nol i n

OH , KMnO
4
A
C t
o
E + D
2) I soqui nol i n

OH , KMnO
4
B
C t
o
E + F
Bi et rang :
- A, B eu l aaxi t di cacboxyl i c cocung cong thc phan tC
7
H
5
O
4
N
- D, E, F eu l aaxi t monocacboxyl i c cocung cong thc phan t
C
6
H
5
O
2
N vaconhi et onong chay tng ng l a: 137
o
C, 234
o
C va
317
o
C.
Hay xac nh cau tao cua A, B, D, E, F.
15-Vi et s ocau tao el ectron cua cac dvong 5 canh (f uran, pi rol ,
thi ophen) vagi ai thch tai sao chung cotnh chat cua hp chat thm.
16-Gi ai thch tai sao pi ri i n l abaz manh con pi rol khong cotnh
baz nh the. Tai sao pi rol khong ben oi vi tac dung cua axi t.
17-So sanh tnh baz cua pi ri i n vapi peri i n. Gi ai thch.
18-Vi et nhng dang l i en ket hi ro gi a cac phan t:
a) I mi azol vaI mi azol
b) I mi azol vaI nol .
19-Chat nao c tao thanh trong cac phan ng sau:
CH
3
N
[O]
A
SOCl
2
C
2
H
5
OH
H
B
NH
3
C
D
NH
3
E
C
6
H
6
, Al Cl
3
5
a) 2,5-i metyl f uran + andehi ri t axeti c
3
BF
b) Thi ophen + andehi ri t axeti c
4
SnCl
c) -metyl pi rol
C
o
t MgI ,
3
CH ) 1
A
= O
2
2)H O CH
3
CH ; ) 1
B
20-Vi et phng trnh phan ng thuy phan vi tami n PP (Ami t cua axi t
ni coti ni c). Cac chat thu c trong moi trng axi t, trung tnh vaki em
cocau truc nh thenao ?
21-Vi et cac phng trnh phan ng sau:
a) Pi rol trong moi trng axi t.
b) Pi ri i n trong moi trng axi t. Gi ai thch.
22-Cho cac hp chat sau: pi rol , f uran , thi ophen , pi ri di n , qui nol i n ,
i ndol , naphtal en vabenzen.
1) Hay gi ai thch nguyen nhan tnh thm cua cac hp chat cha no
tren.
2) Hay sap xep theo tht tang dan oben cua hel i en hp va
gi am dan khaphan ng theel ectrophi n cua cac hp chat d vong 5
canh, 6 canh vacua benzen noi tren ? Gi ai thch ?
23-H ygr i n (C
8
H
15
ON) l amot ankal oi t c tm thay trong cay coca.
Hay xac nh cong thc cau tao cua hydr i n. Bi et rang hygr i n conhng
tnh chat c ban sau ay:
- H ygr i n khong tac dung c vi benzensunf ocl orua.
- H ydr i n khong hoatan c trong dung dch NaOH, nhng hoatan
c trong dung dch HCl .
- Neu cho hygr i n tac dung vi phenyl hi drazi n cho san pham
phenyl hi drazon.
- Neu cho hygr i n tac dung vi I
2
trong dung dch NaOH tao ra chat
ket tua mau vang vamot axi t cacboxyl i c (C
7
H
11
O
2
N).
- Neu oxi hoa hygr i n bang CrO
3
, tao thanh axi t hygr i ni c
(C
6
H
11
O
2
N).
- Ngi ta cothetong hp axi t hygr i ni c bang chuoi phan ng sau:
BrCH
2
CH
2
CH
2
Br + [ CH(COOC
2
H
5
)
2
]

Na
+
A (C
10
H
17
O
4
Br)
A + Br
2
B (C
10
H
16
O
4
Br
2
)
6
B + CH
3
NH
2
C (C
11
H
19
O
4
N)
C + Ba(OH)
2
(dd)
C t
o
D
HCl
E
C t
o
axi t hygri ni c + CO
2
24-Hon thnh cc so d chuyn ha sau :
(CH
3
)
2
N-CH=O H
2
O
A B
POCl
3
CH
3
COONa
X
Trng hp X
a) Pi rol
b) Furan
c) Thi ophen
25-Hon thnh cc phuong trnh phan ung sau :
a) 1-Metyl-3-nitropirol + (CH
3
CO)
2
O
o
3
BF , 100 C

b) Axi t thi ophen-3-cacboxyl i c + Br

2 o
3
CH COOH, 25 C

c) 3-Bromthiophen + HNO
3
3 2
(CH CO) O

d) Furan + (CH
3
CO)
2
O
3
BF

e) Pi rol + (CH
3
CO)
2
O
3
CH COOH

f) Pi rol + (CH
3
CO)
2
O
3
AlCl

26-Hon thnh cc so d phan ung sau :

a) Dibenzofuran
3
HCN/ HCl
AlCl
2-fomyldibenzofuran
b) Cacbazol
3
2 4
HNO
H SO
3-Ni trocacbazol + 1-ni trocacbazol
c) Cacbazol + CH
3
COCl
3
AlCl
1,1
/
-(cacbazol -3,6-di yl )di etanon
d) Dibenzothiophen
2
3
Br
CH COOH

2-brombenzothi ophen + 2,8-dibrombenzothiophen

27-Hon thnh so d diu ch vitamin B
6
sau :
CH
2
C
H
2
N
O
CN
Pi perii n
C
2
H
5
OH, t
o
C 0
o
C
HNO
3
(CH
3
CO)
2
O
CH
2
C
H
3
C
O
C
CH
2
OC
2
H
5
O
+
2-Xi anoaxetami t
(65%) (75%) (40%)
(54%)
N
CH
3
CH
2
OH
CH
2
OH
HO
(45%)
1-Etoxi pentan-2,4-i on
(5-Hi roxi -6-metyl pi ri i n-3,4-i yl)i metanol
(Vitamin B
6
)
A B
PCl
5
/POCl
3
150
o
C
C
H
2
, 3atm
Pd/CH
3
COONa
HCl
180
o
C
D
NaNO
2
/HCl
90
o
C
E