Chia ng t ting Nht - SAROMA JCLASS

Trong bi ny SAROMA JCLASS gii thiu vi cc bn bng chia ng t ting Nht cho ng t nhm 1 (ng on ng t, godan doushi hay ) v cho ng t nhm 2 (nht on ng t, ichidan doushi hay ) vi cc dng nh nguyn dng, masu-form, te-form (de-form), b ng (ukemi), sai khin (shieki),...

Bng chia ng t ting Nht

Nhm 1 (5 on): nomu (ung) Nguyn dng nomu Dng lch s "masu" nomimasu Ph nh nomanai Ph nh lch s "masen" nomimasen Sai bo ("hy") / Dng lin kt nonde (1) Kh nng ("c th") nomeru B ng (, ukemi) ("b") nomareru Sai khin (, shieki) ("bt", nomaseru "cho") B ng sai khin (b sai khin) nomaserareru ("b bt", "c cho") Gi nh s xy ra ("nu") nomeba Gi nh xy ra ("nu") nondara (2) R r ("Chng ta hy ~ i") nomou, nomimashou Ra lnh ("~ i!") nome Dng \ Nhm Nhm 2 (1 on) taberu (n) taberu tabemasu tabenai tabemasen tabete taberareru taberareru tabesaseru tabesaserareru tabereba (3) tabetara tabeyou, tabemashou tabero,tabeyo(vnvit)

B sung cho bng trn: (1) Dng "Sai bo / Lin kt" (te-form, de-form) i vi ng t 5 on (nhm 1) ty ui ca ng t m chia khc nhau nh di y: Khi chia dng sai bo / lin kt (2 dng ny ging nhau, tc "te"form, "de"-form) ca ng t nhm 1 cc bn phi ch v ng t kt thc bi "mu", "nu", "gu", "ku", "su" chia hi khc. Thng thng s chia l "tte" (): u, ru, tsu -> "tte": Ring: su -> "shite": (m) mu, nu -> "nde": (ung),

 (cht) gu -> "ide": (bi) ku -> "ite": () (tr ra) (2) Dng gi nh xy ra (tara, dara) cng chia ty theo ui ca ng t ging nh trn: u, ru, tsu -> "ttara": iu: ittara kaeru: kaettara tatsu: tattara su -> "shitara": sasu: sashitara mu, nu -> "ndara": yomu: yondara shinu: shindara gu -> "idara": sosogu: sosoidara ku -> "itara": nozoku: nozoitara (3) Dng gi nh s xy ra ("ba") th ng t nhm 1 v nhm 2 chia ging nhau, ch l "taberu" s thnh "tabereba" m khng phi l tabeba nh khi chia ng t nhm 2 (ng t 1 on) cc dng khc.

Bng chia ng t bt quy tc: suru, kuru, iku

Dng Nguyn dng Dng lch s "masu" Ph nh Ph nh lch s "masen" Sai bo ("hy") / Lin kt Kh nng ("c th") B ng (, ukemi) ("b") Sai khin (, shieki) ("bt", "cho") B ng sai khin (b sai khin) ("b bt", "c cho") Gi nh s xy ra ("nu") Gi nh xy ra ("nu") R r ("Chng ta hy ~ i") Ra lnh ("~ i!") suru (lm) suru shimasu shinai shimasen shite dekiru sareru saseru saserareru sureba shitara shiyou, shimashou shiro, seyo (vn vit) kuru (n) kuru kimasu konai kimasen kite korareru korareru kosaseru kosaserareru kureba kitara koyou, kimashou kore, koiyo iku (i) iku ikimasu ikanai ikimasen itte ikeru ikareru ikaseru ikaserareru ikeba ittara ikou, ikimashou ike

Ch : Nhng ng t kt thc bng "su" nh (dasu) khi chia dng b ng sai khin thng tr thnh "daserareru" thay v "dasaserareru" cho d

pht m, tuy nhin bn vn c th dng "dasaserareru". C th kt hp cc cch chia vi nhau V d: hasiru = chy hashireru = chy c (c th chy) hashireba = nu chy hashirereba = nu chy c