20.Chuyn bi tp Andehit-Xeton 1.

.11a Cu 27: t chy hon ton anehit X, thu c th tch kh CO2 bng th tch hi nc (trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Khi cho 0,01 mol X tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th thu c 0,04 mol Ag. X l A. anehit no, mch h, 2 chc. B. anehit k.no, mch h, hai chc. C. anehit axetic. D. anehit fomic. 2.11a Cu 45: X, Y, Z l cc hp cht mch h, bn c cng ctpt C3H6O. X tc dng c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc. Y khng p vi Na nhng c phn ng trng bc. Z khng tc dng c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l: A. CH3-CH2-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2-OH. B. CH2=CH-CH2-OH, CH3-CO-CH3, CH3-CH2-CHO. C. CH2=CH-CH2-OH, CH3-CH2-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3. D. CH3-CO-CH3, CH3-CH2-CHO, CH2=CH-CH2-OH. 3.11a Cu 56: Pht biu no sau y v anehit v xeton l sai? A. Axetanehit phn ng c vi nc brom. B. Hiro xianua cng vo nhm cacbonyl to thnh sn phm khng bn. C. Axeton khng phn ng c vi nc brom. D. Anehit fomic tc dng vi H2O to thnh sn phm khng bn. 4.10a Cu 1: Axeton c iu ch bng cch oxi ho cumen nh oxi, sau thu phn trong dung dch H2SO4 long. thu c 145 gam axeton th lng cumen cn dng (gi s hiu sut qu trnh iu ch t 75%) l A.300 gam. B. 600 gam. C. 500 gam. D. 400 gam. 5.10a Cu 38: Oxi ho ht 2,2 gam hn hp hai ancol n chc thnh anehit cn va 4,8 gam CuO. Cho ton b lng anehit trn tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 23,76 gam Ag. Hai ancol l: A. CH3OH, C2H5CH2OH. B. CH3OH, C2H5OH. C. C2H5OH, C3H7CH2OH. D. C2H5OH, C2H5CH2OH. 6.10a Cu 43: Cho m gam hn hp etanal v propanal phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 43,2 gam kt ta v dung dch cha 17,5 gam mui amoni ca hai axit hu c. Gi tr ca m l A.9,5. B. 10,9. C. 14,3. D. 10,2. 7.10a Cu 58: Hiro ho cht hu c X thu c (CH3)2CHCH(OH)CH3. Cht X c tn thay th l A. 2-metylbutan-3-on. B. metyl isopropyl xeton. C. 3-metylbutan-2-ol. D. 3-metylbutan-2-on. 8.09a Cu 3: Cho hn hp kh X gm HCHO v H2 i qua ng s ng bt Ni nung nng. Sau khi p xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y gm hai cht hu c. t chy ht Y th thu c 11,7 gam H2O v 7,84 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Phn trm theo th tch ca H2 trong X l A.46,15%. B. 35,00%. C. 53,85%. D. 65,00%. 9.09a Cu 37: Cho 0,25 mol mt anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag. Mt khc, khi cho X phn ng vi H2 d (xc tc Ni, to) th 0,125 mol X phn ng ht vi 0,25 mol H2. Cht X c cng thc ng vi cng thc chung l A. CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0). B. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0). C. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2). D. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2). 10.08aCu 1: un nng V lt hi anehit X vi 3V lt kh H2 (xc tc Ni) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton ch thu c mt hn hp kh Y c th tch 2V lt (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Ngng t Y thu c cht Z; cho Z tc dng vi Na sinh ra H2 c s mol bng s mol Z phn ng. Cht X l anehit A. khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), hai chc. B. no, hai chc. C. no, n chc. D. khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), n chc. 11.08a Cu 2: Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H2 l 13,75). Cho ton b Y phn ng vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un nng, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A.7,8. B. 8,8. C. 7,4. D. 9,2. 12.08a Cu 10: Cho 3,6 gam anehit n chc X p hon ton vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Ho tan hon ton m gam Ag bng dd HNO3 c, sinh ra 2,24 lt NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Cng thc ca X l A.C3H7CHO. B. HCHO. C. C4H9CHO. D. C2H5CHO. 13.08a Cu 54: S ng phn xeton ng vi cng thc phn t C5H10O l A.5. B. 6. C. 3. D. 4. 14.07a Cu 18: Cho 6,6 gam mt anehit X n chc, mch h p vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, un nng. Lng Ag sinh ra cho p ht vi axit HNO3 long, thot ra 2,24 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A.CH3CHO. B. HCHO. C. CH3CH2CHO. D. CH2 = CHCHO. 15.07a Cu 23: Cho 0,1 mol anehit X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, un nng thu c 43,2 gam Ag. Hiro ho X thu c Y, bit 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi 4,6 gam Na. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho Na = 23, Ag = 108) A.HCHO. B. CH3CHO. C. OHC-CHO. D. CH3CH(OH)CHO. 16.07a Cu 47: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, l: A. anehit axetic, butin-1, etilen. B. anehit axetic, axetilen, butin-2. C. axit fomic, vinylaxetilen, propin. D. anehit fomic, axetilen, etilen.
Y T CH3COOH 17.Cd11Cu 38: Cho s phn ng: CH4 (X, Z, M l cc cht v c, mi mi tn ng vi mt phng trnh phn ng). Cht T trong s trn l A.C2H5OH. B. CH3CHO. C. CH3OH. D. CH3COONa. 18.Cd11Cu 41: Hn hp G gm hai anehit X v Y, trong MX < MY < 1,6MX. t chy hn hp G thu c CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau. Cho 0,10 mol hn hp G vo dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 0,25 mol Ag. Tng s cc nguyn t trong mt phn t Y l A.6. B. 9. C. 10. D. 7. + X,xt,to + Z, xt,to +M,xt ,to

19.10cd Cu 20: ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O c bao nhiu hp cht mch h bn khi tc dng vi kh H2 (xc tc Ni, to) sinh ra ancol? A.3. B. 4. C. 2. D. 1. 20.10cd Cu 23: Anehit no mch h X c cng thc n gin nht C2H3O. Cng thc phn t ca X l A.C4H6O2. B. C8H12O4. C. C2H3O. D. C6H9O3. 21.10cd Cu 51: k thch hp: cht X p vi cht Y to ra anehit axetic; cht X p vi cht Z to ancol etylic. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l: A.C2H2, H2O, H2. B. C2H4, O2, H2O. C. C2H2, O2, H2O. D. C2H4, H2O, CO. 22.10cd Cu 55: Cho 4,6 gam mt ancol no, n chc p vi CuO nung nng, thu c 6,2 gam hn hp X gm anehit, nc v ancol d. Cho ton b lng hn hp X p hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A.16,2. B. 21,6. C. 10,8. D. 43,2. 23.09cd Cu 5: Cho 0,1 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng thu c 32,4 gam Ag. Hai anehit trong X l A. HCHO v C2H5CHO. B. HCHO v CH3CHO. C. C2H3CHO v C3H5CHO. D. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO. 24.09cd Cu 49: Qu trnh no sau y khng to ra anehit axetic? A. CH2=CH2 + H2O (to, xt HgSO4). B. CH2=CH2 + O2 (to, xt). C. CH3COOCH=CH2 + dd o o NaOH (t ). D. CH3CH2OH + CuO (t ). 25.09cd Cu 57: Hiro ho hon ton hn hp M gm hai anehit X v Y no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng (MX < MY), thu c hn hp hai ancol c khi lng ln hn khi lng M l 1 gam. t chy hon ton M thu c 30,8 gam CO2. Cng thc v phn trm khi lng ca X ln lt l A. HCHO v 50,56%. B. CH3CHO v 67,16%. C. CH3CHO v 49,44%. D. HCHO v 32,44%. 26.Cd08Cu 16: Cho hn hp gm 0,1 mol HCHO v 0,1 mol HCOOH tc dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, un nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng Ag to thnh l A.43,2 gam. B. 10,8 gam. C. 64,8 gam. D. 21,6 gam. 27.Cd08Cu 18: Cho cc cht sau: CH3-CH2-CHO (1), CH2=CH-CHO (2), (CH3)2CH-CHO (3), CH2=CH-CH2-OH (4). Nhng cht phn ng hon ton vi lng d H2 (Ni, to) cng to ra mt sn phm l: A.(2), (3), (4). B. (1), (2), (4). C. (1), (2), (3). D. (1), (3), (4). 28.Cd08Cu 32: t chy hon ton mt anehit X, thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. Nu cho X tc dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, sinh ra s mol Ag gp bn ln s mol X phn ng. Cng thc ca X l A. HCHO. B. CH3CHO. C. (CHO)2. D. C2H5CHO. 29.Cd07Cu 12: Cho s chuyn ho: Glucoz X Y CH3COOH. Hai cht X, Y ln lt l A. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH2. B. CH3CHO v CH3CH2OH. C. CH3CH2OH v CH3CHO. D. CH3CH(OH)COOH v CH3CHO. 30.Cd07Cu 34: Cho 2,9 gam mt anehit phn ng hon ton vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca anehit l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Ag = 108) A.HCHO. B. CH2=CH-CHO. C. OHC-CHO. D. CH3CHO. 31.Cd07Cu 52: Trong cng nghip, axeton c iu ch t A.xiclopropan. B. propan-1-ol. C. propan-2-ol. D. cumen. 32.11b Cu 3: Cho s phn ng: (1) X + O2 axit cacboxylic Y1. (2) X + H2 ancol Y2. (3) Y1 + Y2 Y3 + H2O. Bit Y3 c cng thc phn t C6H10O2. Tn gi ca X l A.anehit acrylic. B. anehit propionic. C. anehit metacrylic. D. anehit axetic. 33.11b Cu 6: Hn hp M gm mt anehit v mt ankin (c cng s nguyn t cacbon). t chy hon ton x mol hn hp M, thu c 3x mol CO2 v 1,8x mol H2O. Phn trm s mol ca anehit trong hn hp M l A.30%. B. 40%. C. 50%. D. 20%. 34.11b Cu 13: hiro ho hon ton 0,025 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit c khi lng 1,64 gam, cn 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc, khi cho cng lng X trn p vi mt lng d dd AgNO3 trong NH3 th thu c 8,64 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to ca hai anehit trong X l A. CH2=C(CH3)-CHO v OHC-CHO. B. OHC-CH2-CHO v OHC-CHO. C. H-CHO v OHC-CH2-CHO. D. CH2=CH-CHO v OHC-CH2-CHO. 35.11b Cu 40: Hn hp X gm hai anehit n chc Y v Z (bit phn t khi ca Y nh hn ca Z). Cho 1,89 gam X tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 18,36 gam Ag v dung dch E. Cho ton b E tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c 0,784 lt CO2 (ktc). Tn ca Z l A.anehit acrylic. B. anehit butiric. C. anehit propionic. D. anehit axetic. 36.11b Cu 43: X l hn hp gm H2 v hi ca hai anehit (no, n chc, mch h, phn t u c s nguyn t C nh hn 4), c t khi so vi heli l 4,7. un nng 2 mol X (xc tc Ni), c hn hp Y c t khi hi so vi heli l 9,4. Thu ly ton b cc ancol trong Y ri cho tc dng vi Na (d), c V lt H2 (ktc). Gi tr ln nht ca V l A.22,4. B. 13,44. C. 5,6. D. 11,2. 37.10b Cu 18: Hn hp X gm 1 ancol v 2 sn phm hp nc ca propen. T khi hi ca X so vi hiro bng 23. Cho m gam X i qua ng s ng CuO (d) nung nng. Sau khi cc p xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp Y gm 3 cht hu c v hi nc, khi lng ng s gim 3,2 gam. Cho Y p hon ton vi lng d dd AgNO3 trong NH3, to ra 48,6 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng ca propan-1-ol trong X l A.65,2%. B. 16,3%. C. 48,9%. D. 83,7%. 38.10b Cu 19: Cho phn ng: 2C6H5-CHO + KOH C6H5-COOK + C6H5-CH2-OH Phn ng ny chng t C6H5-CHO A. va th hin tnh oxi ho, va th hin tnh kh. B. ch th hin tnh oxi ho. C. ch th hin tnh kh. D. khng th hin tnh kh v tnh oxi ho.

39.10b Cu 23: Cho hn hp M gm anehit X (no, n chc, mch h) v hirocacbon Y, c tng s mol l 0,2 (s mol ca X nh hn ca Y). t chy hon ton M, thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 7,2 gam H2O. Hirocacbon Y l A.CH4. B. C2H2. C. C3H6. D. C2H4.

40.10b Cu 56: Cho s phn ng:

Trong X, Y, Z u l cc sn phm chnh. Cng thc ca X, Y, Z ln lt l: A. C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, C6H5COCH2Br. B. C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, C6H5CH2COOH. C. C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, m-BrC6H4CH2COOH. D. C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, m-BrC6H4COCH3. 41.09b Cu 27: t chy hon ton mt hp cht hu c X, thu c 0,351 gam H2O v 0,4368 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Bit X c phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim khi un nng. Cht X l A. O=CH-CH=O. B. CH2=CH-CH2-OH. C. CH3COCH3. D. C2H5CHO. 42.09b Cu 42: Hiro ho hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, k tip trong dy ng ng thu c (m + 1) gam hn hp hai ancol. Mt khc, khi t chy hon ton cng m gam X th cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l A. 17,8. B. 24,8. C. 10,5. D. 8,8. 43.09b Cu 48: t chy hon ton 1 mol hp cht hu c X, thu c 4 mol CO2. Cht X tc dng c vi Na, tham gia phn ng trng bc v phn ng cng Br2 theo t l mol 1 : 1. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. HO-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CHO. B. HOOC-CH=CH-COOH. C. HO-CH2-CH=CH-CHO. D. HO-CH2-CH2-CH2CHO. 44.08b Cu 9: Oxi ho 1,2 gam CH3OH bng CuO nung nng, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp sn phm X (gm HCHO, H2O v CH3OH d). Cho ton b X p vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, c 12,96 gam Ag. Hiu sut ca p oxi ho CH3OH l A. 76,6%. B. 80,0%. C. 65,5%. D. 70,4%. 45.07b Cu 41: t chy hon ton a mol mt anehit X (mch h) to ra b mol CO2 v c mol H2O (bit b = a + c). Trong phn ng trng gng, mt phn t X ch cho 2 electron. X thuc dy ng ng anehit A. no, n chc. B. k. no c hai ni i, n chc. C. k. no c mt ni i, n chc. D. no, hai chc. 46.07b Cu 49: Khi oxi ha hon ton 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc thu c 3 gam axit tng ng. Cng thc ca anehit l A. HCHO. B. C2H3CHO. C. C2H5CHO. D. CH3CHO.

Stiren

+H2O H+,to

o Br2,H+ X +CuO,t Y +

47.12a Hirat ha 5,2 gam axetilen vi xc tc HgSO4 trong mi trng axit, un nng. Cho ton b cc cht hu c sau phn ng vo mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 thu c 44,16 gam kt ta. Hiu sut phn ng hirat ha axetilen l A. 80%. B. 70%. C. 92%. D. 60%. 48.12a Cho s chuyn ha sau: (a) C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y (b) X + H2SO4 (long) Z + T (c) Z + dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) E + Ag + NH4NO3 (d) Y + dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) F + Ag +NH4NO3 Cht E v cht F theo th t l A. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COOH. B. HCOONH4 v CH3COONH4. C. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COONH4. D. HCOONH4 v CH3CHO 49.12b Cho dy chuyn ha sau: + H 2 ( Pd / PbCO 3 , t 0 ) H 2O + H 2 O ( H 2 SO 4 , t 0 ) CaC2 + X Y Z Tn gi ca X v Z ln lt l A. axetilen v ancol etylic. B. axetilen v etylen glicol. C. etan v etanal. D. etilen v ancol etylic. 50.12b Cho 0,125 mol anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 27 gam Ag. Mt khc, hiro ho hon ton 0,25 mol X cn va 0,5 mol H2. Dy ng ng ca X c cng thc chung l A. CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0). B. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2). C. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0). D. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2).