B GIO DC V O TO

CHNH THC

( thi c 06 trang)

THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2012 Mn: HO HC; Khi A Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht, khng k thi gian pht M thi 296

H, tn th sinh:.......................................................................... S bo danh:............................................................................

Cho bit nguyn t khi ca cc nguyn t: H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr = 52; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag = 108; Ba = 137. I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40) Cu 1: Hirat ha 5,2 gam axetilen vi xc tc HgSO4 trong mi trng axit, un nng. Cho ton b cc cht hu c sau phn ng vo mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 44,16 gam kt ta. Hiu sut phn ng hirat ha axetilen l A. 60%. B. 80%. C. 92%. D. 70%. Cu 2: Cho cc pht biu sau: (a) Cht bo c gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol. (b) Cht bo nh hn nc, khng tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c. (c) Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch. (d) Tristearin, triolein c cng thc ln lt l: (C17H33COO)3C3H5, (C17H35COO)3C3H5. S pht biu ng l A. 4. B. 1. C. 2. D. 3. Cu 3: Cho cc phn ng sau: (a) H2S + SO2 (b) Na2S2O3 + dung dch H2SO4 (long) o t (c) SiO2 + Mg (d) Al2O3 + dung dch NaOH t l mol 1: 2 (g) SiO2 + dung dch HF (e) Ag + O3 S phn ng to ra n cht l A. 3. B. 6. C. 5. D. 4. Cu 4: t chy hon ton 3 lt hn hp X gm 2 anken k tip nhau trong dy ng ng cn va 10,5 lt O2 (cc th tch kh o trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Hirat ha hon ton X trong iu kin thch hp thu c hn hp ancol Y, trong khi lng ancol bc hai bng 6/13 ln tng khi lng cc ancol bc mt. Phn trm khi lng ca ancol bc mt (c s nguyn t cacbon ln hn) trong Y l A. 46,43%. B. 10,88%. C. 31,58%. D. 7,89%. Cu 5: Mt loi phn kali c thnh phn chnh l KCl (cn li l cc tp cht khng cha kali) c sn xut t qung xinvinit c dinh dng 55%. Phn trm khi lng ca KCl trong loi phn kali l A. 95,51%. B. 65,75%. C. 87,18%. D. 88,52%. Cu 6: Qung no sau y giu st nht? A. Xierit. B. Manhetit. C. Hematit . D. Pirit st. Cu 7: Cho dy cc cht: C6H5NH2 (1), C2H5NH2 (2), (C6H5)2NH (3), (C2H5)2NH (4), NH3 (5) (C6H5- l gc phenyl). Dy cc cht sp xp theo th t lc baz gim dn l: A. (3), (1), (5), (2), (4). B. (4), (1), (5), (2), (3). C. (4), (2), (3), (1), (5). D. (4), (2), (5), (1), (3). Cu 8: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui (vi in cc tr) l: A. Ni, Cu, Ag. B. Ca, Zn, Cu. C. Li, Ag, Sn. D. Al, Fe, Cr.
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Cu 9: Hn hp X gm Fe3O4 v Al c t l mol tng ng 1 : 3. Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm X (khng c khng kh) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp gm A. Al, Fe, Fe3O4 v Al2O3. B. Al2O3, Fe v Fe3O4. C. Al2O3 v Fe. D. Al, Fe v Al2O3. Cu 10: Hn hp X gm 2 amino axit no (ch c nhm chc COOH v NH2 trong phn t), trong t l mO : mN = 80 : 21. tc dng va vi 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 30 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Mt khc, t chy hon ton 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 3,192 lt O2 (ktc). Dn ton b sn phm chy (CO2, H2O v N2) vo nc vi trong d th khi lng kt ta thu c l A. 13 gam. B. 20 gam. C. 15 gam. D. 10 gam. + Cu 11: Nguyn t R to c cation R . Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca R+ ( trng thi c bn) l 2p6. Tng s ht mang in trong nguyn t R l A. 10. B. 11. C. 22. D. 23. Cu 12: t chy hon ton 4,64 gam mt hirocacbon X (cht kh iu kin thng) ri em ton b sn phm chy hp th ht vo bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)2. Sau cc phn ng thu c 39,4 gam kt ta v khi lng phn dung dch gim bt 19,912 gam. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. CH4. B. C3H4. C. C4H10. D. C2H4. Cu 13: Cho 500 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M vo V ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 0,1M; sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c 12,045 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l A. 300. B. 75. C. 200. D. 150. Cu 14: Hn hp X gm axit fomic, axit acrylic, axit oxalic v axit axetic. Cho m gam X phn ng ht vi dung dch NaHCO3 thu c 1,344 lt CO2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X cn 2,016 lt O2 (ktc), thu c 4,84 gam CO2 v a gam H2O. Gi tr ca a l A. 1,62. B. 1,44. C. 3,60. D. 1,80. Cu 15: Cho 2,8 gam bt st vo 200 ml dung dch gm AgNO3 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M; khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam cht rn X. Gi tr ca m l A. 4,72. B. 4,48. C. 3,20. D. 4,08. Cu 16: Cho dy cc cht: stiren, ancol benzylic, anilin, toluen, phenol (C6H5OH). S cht trong dy c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom l A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. Cu 17: Cho cc pht biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH): (a) Phenol tan nhiu trong nc lnh. (b) Phenol c tnh axit nhng dung dch phenol trong nc khng lm i mu qu tm. (c) Phenol c dng sn xut phm nhum, cht dit nm mc. (d) Nguyn t H ca vng benzen trong phenol d b thay th hn nguyn t H trong benzen. (e) Cho nc brom vo dung dch phenol thy xut hin kt ta. S pht biu ng l A. 4. B. 2. C. 5. D. 3. Cu 18: Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t R trong hp cht kh vi hiro (R c s oxi ha thp nht) v trong oxit cao nht tng ng l a% v b%, vi a : b = 11 : 4. Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Phn t oxit cao nht ca R khng c cc. B. Oxit cao nht ca R iu kin thng l cht rn. C. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, R thuc chu k 3. D. Nguyn t R ( trng thi c bn) c 6 electron s. Cu 19: X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt chu k, hai nhm A lin tip. S proton ca nguyn t Y nhiu hn s proton ca nguyn t X. Tng s ht proton trong nguyn t X v Y l 33. Nhn xt no sau y v X, Y l ng? A. n cht X l cht kh iu kin thng. B. m in ca X ln hn m in ca Y. C. Lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t Y ( trng thi c bn) c 5 electron. D. Phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X ( trng thi c bn) c 4 electron. Cu 20: in phn 150 ml dung dch AgNO3 1M vi in cc tr trong t gi, cng dng in khng i 2,68A (hiu sut qu trnh in phn l 100%), thu c cht rn X, dung dch Y v kh Z.
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Cho 12,6 gam Fe vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c 14,5 gam hn hp kim loi v kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ca N+5). Gi tr ca t l A. 0,8. B. 1,2. C. 1,0. D. 0,3. Cu 21: Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Tt c cc peptit u c phn ng mu biure. B. H2N-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH l mt ipeptit. C. Mui phenylamoni clorua khng tan trong nc. D. iu kin thng, metylamin v imetylamin l nhng cht kh c mi khai. Cu 22: Cho dy cc oxit: NO2, Cr2O3, SO2, CrO3, CO2, P2O5, Cl2O7, SiO2, CuO. C bao nhiu oxit trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH long? A. 7. B. 8. C. 6. D. 5. Cu 23: Hn hp X c khi lng 82,3 gam gm KClO3, Ca(ClO3)2, CaCl2 v KCl. Nhit phn hon ton X thu c 13,44 lt O2 (ktc), cht rn Y gm CaCl2 v KCl. Ton b Y tc dng va vi 0,3 lt dung dch K2CO3 1M thu c dung dch Z. Lng KCl trong Z nhiu gp 5 ln lng KCl trong X. Phn trm khi lng KCl trong X l A. 12,67%. B. 18,10%. C. 25,62%. D. 29,77%. Cu 24: Cho cc pht biu sau: (a) t chy hon ton este no, n chc, mch h lun thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. (b) Trong hp cht hu c nht thit phi c cacbon v hiro. (c) Nhng hp cht hu c c thnh phn nguyn t ging nhau, thnh phn phn t hn km nhau mt hay nhiu nhm CH2 l ng ng ca nhau. (d) Dung dch glucoz b kh bi AgNO3 trong NH3 to ra Ag. (e) Saccaroz ch c cu to mch vng. S pht biu ng l A. 5. B. 3. C. 4. D. 2. Cu 25: Loi t no sau y c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp? A. T nitron. B. T visco. C. T xenluloz axetat. D. T nilon-6,6. Cu 26: Xt phn ng phn hy N2O5 trong dung mi CCl4 45oC: 1 N2O5 N2O4 + O2 2 Ban u nng ca N2O5 l 2,33M, sau 184 giy nng ca N2O5 l 2,08M. Tc trung bnh ca phn ng tnh theo N2O5 l B. 1,36.103 mol/(l.s). A. 2, 72.103 mol/(l.s). C. 6,80.103 mol/(l.s). D. 6,80.104 mol/(l.s). Cu 27: Ha tan hon ton 2,43 gam hn hp gm Mg v Zn vo mt lng va dung dch H2SO4 long, sau phn ng thu c 1,12 lt H2 (ktc) v dung dch X. Khi lng mui trong dung dch X l A. 4,83 gam. B. 5,83 gam. C. 7,33 gam. D. 7,23 gam. Cu 28: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm Na2O v Al2O3 vo nc thu c dung dch X trong sut. Thm t t dung dch HCl 1M vo X, khi ht 100 ml th bt u xut hin kt ta; khi ht 300 ml hoc 700 ml th u thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca a v m ln lt l A. 15,6 v 27,7. B. 23,4 v 35,9. C. 23,4 v 56,3. D. 15,6 v 55,4. Cu 29: Thc hin cc th nghim sau ( iu kin thng): (a) Cho ng kim loi vo dung dch st(III) clorua. (b) Sc kh hiro sunfua vo dung dch ng(II) sunfat. (c) Cho dung dch bc nitrat vo dung dch st(III) clorua. (d) Cho bt lu hunh vo thy ngn. S th nghim xy ra phn ng l A. 3. B. 1. C. 4. D. 2.
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Cu 30: Cho s phn ng: xc tc (a) X + H2O Y (b) Y + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O amoni gluconat + Ag + NH4NO3 xc tc (c) Y E+Z nh sng (d) Z + H2O X+G cht dip lc X, Y, Z ln lt l: A. Xenluloz, fructoz, cacbon ioxit. B. Xenluloz, saccaroz, cacbon ioxit. C. Tinh bt, glucoz, etanol. D. Tinh bt, glucoz, cacbon ioxit. Cu 31: Hp cht X c cng thc C8H14O4. T X thc hin cc phn ng (theo ng t l mol): (a) X + 2NaOH X1 + X2 + H2O (b) X1 + H2SO4 X3 + Na2SO4 (c) nX3 + nX4 nilon-6,6 + 2nH2O (d) 2X2 + X3 X5 + 2H2O Phn t khi ca X5 l A. 174. B. 216. C. 202. D. 198. Cu 32: Cho cc cp oxi ho - kh c sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh oxi ho ca dng oxi ha nh sau: Fe2+/Fe, Cu2+/Cu, Fe3+/Fe2+. Pht biu no sau y l ng? B. Cu2+ oxi ho c Fe2+ thnh Fe3+. A. Fe2+ oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu2+. D. Cu kh c Fe3+ thnh Fe. C. Fe3+ oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu2+. Cu 33: Cho dy cc cht: Al, Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3, Na2SO4. S cht trong dy va phn ng c vi dung dch HCl, va phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. Cu 34: Dy cht no sau y u th hin tnh oxi ha khi phn ng vi SO2? B. Dung dch NaOH, O2, dung dch KMnO4. A. Dung dch BaCl2, CaO, nc brom. D. H2S, O2, nc brom. C. O2, nc brom, dung dch KMnO4. Cu 35: Hiro ha hon ton hirocacbon mch h X thu c isopentan. S cng thc cu to c th c ca X l A. 6. B. 7. C. 4. D. 5. Cu 36: Hn hp M gm mt anken v hai amin no, n chc, mch h X v Y l ng ng k tip (MX < MY). t chy hon ton mt lng M cn dng 4,536 lt O2 (ktc) thu c H2O, N2 v 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Cht Y l A. etylamin. B. propylamin. C. butylamin. D. etylmetylamin. Cu 37: t chy hon ton 7,6 gam hn hp gm mt axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h v mt ancol n chc (c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t khc nhau) thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,4 mol H2O. Thc hin phn ng este ha 7,6 gam hn hp trn vi hiu sut 80% thu c m gam este. Gi tr ca m l A. 8,16. B. 4,08. C. 2,04. D. 6,12. Cu 38: Trong ancol X, oxi chim 26,667% v khi lng. un nng X vi H2SO4 c thu c anken Y. Phn t khi ca Y l A. 42. B. 70. C. 28. D. 56. Cu 39: Cho hn hp K2CO3 v NaHCO3 (t l mol 1 : 1) vo bnh dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 thu c kt ta X v dung dch Y. Thm t t dung dch HCl 0,5M vo bnh n khi khng cn kh thot ra th ht 560 ml. Bit ton b Y phn ng va vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Khi lng kt ta X l A. 3,94 gam. B. 7,88 gam. C. 11,28 gam. D. 9,85 gam. Cu 40: Cho dy cc hp cht thm: p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH, p-HO-C6H4-COOC2H5, p-HO-C6H4-COOH, p-HCOO-C6H4-OH, p-CH3O-C6H4-OH. C bao nhiu cht trong dy tha mn ng thi 2 iu kin sau? (a) Ch tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol 1 : 1. (b) Tc dng c vi Na (d) to ra s mol H2 bng s mol cht phn ng. A. 3. B. 4. C. 1. D. 2.

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II. PHN RING (10 cu) Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn ring (phn A hoc phn B) A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50) Cu 41: Ha hi 8,64 gam hn hp gm mt axit no, n chc, mch h X v mt axit no, a chc Y (c mch cacbon h, khng phn nhnh) thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 2,8 gam N2 (o trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). t chy hon ton 8,64 gam hn hp hai axit trn thu c 11,44 gam CO2. Phn trm khi lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l A. 72,22%. B. 27,78%. C. 35,25%. D. 65,15%. Cu 42: Cho s chuyn ha sau: (a) C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y (b) X + H2SO4 (long) Z + T (c) Z + dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) E + Ag + NH4NO3 (d) Y + dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) F + Ag + NH4NO3 Cht E v cht F theo th t l A. HCOONH4 v CH3CHO. B. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COONH4. C. HCOONH4 v CH3COONH4. D. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COOH. Cu 43: Nhn xt no sau y khng ng? A. Vt dng lm bng nhm v crom u bn trong khng kh v nc v c mng oxit bo v. B. Crom l kim loi cng nht trong tt c cc kim loi. C. Nhm v crom u b th ng ha bi HNO3 c, ngui. D. Nhm v crom u phn ng vi dung dch HCl theo cng t l s mol. Cu 44: Cho 100 ml dung dch AgNO3 2a mol/l vo 100 ml dung dch Fe(NO3)2 a mol/l. Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c 8,64 gam cht rn v dung dch X. Cho dung dch HCl d vo X thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 22,96. B. 11,48. C. 17,22. D. 14,35. Cu 45: Cho cc phn ng sau: (a) FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S (b) Na2S + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2S (c) 2AlCl3 + 3Na2S + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2S + 6NaCl (d) KHSO4 + KHS K2SO4 + H2S (e) BaS + H2SO4 (long) BaSO4 + H2S S phn ng c phng trnh ion rt gn S2- + 2H+ H2S l A. 1. B. 3. C. 2. D. 4. Cu 46: Cho hn hp gm Fe v Mg vo dung dch AgNO3, khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch X (gm hai mui) v cht rn Y (gm hai kim loi). Hai mui trong X l A. Mg(NO3)2 v Fe(NO3)2. B. Fe(NO3)3 v Mg(NO3)2. C. AgNO3 v Mg(NO3)2. D. Fe(NO3)2 v AgNO3. Cu 47: t chy hon ton mt lng ancol X to ra 0,4 mol CO2 v 0,5 mol H2O. X tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam. Oxi ha X bng CuO to hp cht hu c a chc Y. Nhn xt no sau y ng vi X? A. Trong X c 3 nhm -CH3. B. Hirat ha but-2-en thu c X. C. Trong X c 2 nhm -OH lin kt vi hai nguyn t cacbon bc hai. D. X lm mt mu nc brom. Cu 48: S amin bc mt c cng cng thc phn t C3H9N l A. 3. B. 1. C. 2. D. 4. Cu 49: Hn hp X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi H2 l 7,5. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 l 12,5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ho l A. 70%. B. 80%. C. 60%. D. 50%. Cu 50: Dung dch cht no sau y lm qu tm chuyn thnh mu hng? A. Axit aminoaxetic. B. Axit -aminopropionic. C. Axit -aminoglutaric. D. Axit ,-iaminocaproic.
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B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)

H 3O KCN Cu 51: Cho s chuyn ha: CH 3Cl X Y. to +

Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l: A. CH3NH2, CH3COONH4. B. CH3CN, CH3CHO. C. CH3NH2, CH3COOH. D. CH3CN, CH3COOH. Cu 52: Cho dy cc cht: cumen, stiren, isopren, xiclohexan, axetilen, benzen. S cht trong dy lm mt mu dung dch brom l A. 5. B. 4. C. 2. D. 3. Cu 53: Dung dch X gm CH3COOH 0,03M v CH3COONa 0,01M. Bit 25oC, Ka ca CH3COOH l 1,75.105, b qua s phn li ca nc. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X 25oC l A. 4,28. B. 4,04. C. 4,76. D. 6,28.
o o Cu 54: Cho E o pin(Zn-Cu) = 1,10V; E Zn 2+ /Zn = -0,76V v E Ag + /Ag = +0,80V. Sut in ng chun

ca pin in ha Cu-Ag l A. 0,46V. B. 0,56V. C. 1,14V. D. 0,34V. Cu 55: Cho cc pht biu sau v cacbohirat: (a) Tt c cc cacbohirat u c phn ng thy phn. (b) Thy phn hon ton tinh bt thu c glucoz. (c) Glucoz, fructoz v mantoz u c phn ng trng bc. (d) Glucoz lm mt mu nc brom. S pht biu ng l A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 56: Nhn xt no sau y khng ng? A. BaSO4 v BaCrO4 hu nh khng tan trong nc. B. Al(OH)3 v Cr(OH)3 u l hiroxit lng tnh v c tnh kh. C. SO3 v CrO3 u l oxit axit. D. Fe(OH)2 v Cr(OH)2 u l baz v c tnh kh. Cu 57: Cho cc pht biu sau: (a) Kh CO2 gy ra hin tng hiu ng nh knh. (b) Kh SO2 gy ra hin tng ma axit. (c) Khi c thi ra kh quyn, freon (ch yu l CFCl3 v CF2Cl2) ph hy tng ozon. (d) Moocphin v cocain l cc cht ma ty. S pht biu ng l A. 3. B. 1. C. 2. D. 4. Cu 58: Cho 18,4 gam hn hp X gm Cu2S, CuS, FeS2 v FeS tc dng ht vi HNO3 (c nng, d) thu c V lt kh ch c NO2 ( ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y vo mt lng d dung dch BaCl2, thu c 46,6 gam kt ta; cn khi cho ton b Y tc dng vi dung dch NH3 d thu c 10,7 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l A. 38,08. B. 24,64. C. 16,8. D. 11,2. Cu 59: C cc cht sau: keo dn ure-fomanehit; t lapsan; t nilon-6,6; protein; si bng; amoni axetat; nha novolac. Trong cc cht trn, c bao nhiu cht m trong phn t ca chng c cha nhm -NH-CO-? A. 6. B. 4. C. 3. D. 5. Cu 60: Kh este no, n chc, mch h X bng LiAlH4 thu c ancol duy nht Y. t chy hon ton Y thu c 0,2 mol CO2 v 0,3 mol H2O. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X thu c tng khi lng CO2 v H2O l A. 24,8 gam. B. 16,8 gam. C. 18,6 gam. D. 28,4 gam.
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