MOT TRAM BAI TAP HNH HOC LP 9.

Phan 1: 50 bai tap c ban. www.PNE.edu.vn

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Bai 1: Cho ABC co cac ng cao BD va CE.ng thang DE cat ng tron ngoai tiep tam giac tai hai iem M va N. 1. Chng minh:BEDC noi tiep. 2. Chng minh: goc DEA=ACB. 3. Chng minh: DE // vi tiep tuyen tai A cua ng tron ngoai tiep tam giac. 4. Goi O la tam ng tron ngoai tiep tam giac ABC.Chng minh: OA la phan giac cua goc MAN. 5. Chng to: AM2=AE.AB. Gii y: 1.C/m BEDC noi tiep: C/m goc BEC=BDE=1v. Hia y iem D va E cung lam A vi hai au oan thang x BC mot goc vuong. N 2.C/m goc DEA=ACB. E D Do BECD ntDMB+DCB=2v. M O Ma DEB+AED=2v B C AED=ACB 3.Goi tiep tuyen tai A Hnh 1 cua (O) la ng thang Ta phai c/m xy//DE. xy (Hnh 1) 1 Do xy la tiep tuyen,AB la day cung nen s goc xAB=
2

s cung AB. Ma s ACB= xAB=AED hay xy//DE. 4.C/m OA la phan giac cua goc MAN. Do xy//DE hay xy//MN ma OAxyOAMN.OA la ng trung trc cua MN.(ng knh vuong goc vi mot day)AMN can A AO la phan giac cua goc MAN. 5.C/m :AM2=AE.AB. Do AMN can A AM=AN cung AM=cung AN.goc MBA=AMN(Goc noi tiep chan hai cung bang nhau);goc MAB chung MAE BAM
MA AE = MA2=AE.AB. AB MA 1 s AB. goc xAB=ACB ma goc ACB=AED(cmt) 2

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Bai 2: Cho(O) ng knh AC.tren oan OC lay iem B va ve ng tron tam O, ng knh BC.Goi M la trung iem cua oan AB.T M ve day cung DE vuong goc vi AB;DC cat ng tron tam O tai I. 1.T giac ADBE la hnh g? 2.C/m DMBI noi tiep. 3.C/m B;I;C thang hang va MI=MD. 4.C/m MC.DB=MI.DC 5.C/m MI la tiep tuyen cua (O) Gi y: 1.Do MA=MB va ABDE tai M nen ta co I DM=ME. ADBE la hnh bnh A M O B O C hanh. Ma BD=BE(AB la ng trung trc cua DE) vay ADBE ;la hnh E thoi. 2.C/m DMBI noi tiep. Hnh 2 BC la ng knh,I(O) nen Goc BID=1v.Ma 3.C/m B;I;E thang hang. DMB=1v(gt) Do AEBD la hnh thoi BE//AD magoc ADDC (goc noi tiep BID+DMB=2v pcm. chan na ng tron)BEDC; CMDE(gt).Do goc BIC=1v BIDC.Qua 1 iem B co hai ng thang BI va BE cung vuong goc vi DC B;I;E thang hang. C/m MI=MD: Do M la trung iem DE; EID vuong IMI la ng trung tuyen cua tam giac vuong DEI MI=MD. 4. C/m MC.DB=MI.DC. hay chng minh MCI DCB (goc C chung;BDI=IMB cung chan cung MI do DMBI noi tiep) 5.C/m MI la tiep tuyen cua (O) -Ta co OIC Can goc OIC=OCI. MBID noi tiep MIB=MDB (cung chan cung MB) BDE can B goc MDB=MEB .Do MECI noi tiep goc MEB=MCI (cung chan cung MI) T o suy ra goc OIC=MIB MIB+BIO=OIC+BIO=1v Vay MI OI tai I nam tren ng tron (O) MI la tiep tuyen cua (O). D

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Bai 3: Cho ABC co goc A=1v.Tren AC lay iem M sao cho AM<MC.Ve ng tron tam O ng knh CM;ng thang BM cat (O) tai D;AD keo dai cat (O) tai S. 1. C/m BADC noi tiep. 2. BC cat (O) E.Cmr:MR la phan giac cua goc AED. 3. C/m CA la phan giac cua goc BCS. Gi y: 1.C/m ABCD noi tiep: C/m A va D cung lam vi hai au D S oan thang BC mot goc vuong.. A M 2.C/m ME la phan giac cua goc AED. O Hay c/m AMEB noi B E C tiep. Goc Hnh 3 ABM=AEM( cung chan cung AM) AEM=MED. Goc 4.C/m CA la phan giac cua goc BCS. ABM=ACD( Cung -Goc ACB=ADB (Cung chan cung AB) chan cung MD) -Goc ADB=DMS+DSM (goc ngoai tam giac MDS) -Ma goc DSM=DCM(Cung chan cung MD) DMS=DCS(Cung chan cung DS) Goc MDS+DSM=SDC+DCM=SCA. Vay goc ADB=SCApcm.

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Bai 4: Cho ABC co goc A=1v.Tren canh AC lay iem M sao cho AM>MC.Dng ng tron tam O ng knh MC;ng tron nay cat BC tai E.ng thang BM cat (O) tai D va ng thang AD cat (O) tai S. 1. C/m ADCB noi tiep. 2. C/m ME la phan giac cua goc AED. 3. C/m: Goc ASM=ACD. 4. Chng to ME la phan giac cua goc AED. 5. C/m ba ng thang BA;EM;CD ong quy. Gi y: 1.C/m ADCB noi tiep: A Hay chng minh: Goc MDC=BDC=1v S D T o suy ra A vad M D cung lam vi hai au oan B E C thang BC mot goc vuong Hnh 4 2.C/m ME la phan giac cua goc AED. ABD=ACD (Cung chan cung AD) Do ABCD noi tiep Do MECD noi tiep nen MCD=MED (Cung chan cung MD) nen Do MC la ng knh;E(O)Goc MEC=1vMEB=1v ABEM noi tiepGoc MEA=ABD. Goc MEA=MEDpcm 3.C/m goc ASM=ACD. Ta co A SM=SMD+SDM(Goc ngoai tam giac SMD) Ma goc SMD=SCD(Cung chan cung SD) va Goc SDM=SCM(Cung chan cung SM)SMD+SDM=SCD+SCM=MCD. Vay Goc A SM=ACD. 4.C/m ME la phan giac cua goc AED (Chng minh nh cau 2 bai 2) 5.Chng minh AB;ME;CD ong quy. Goi giao iem AB;CD la K.Ta chng minh 3 iem K;M;E thang hang. Do CAAB(gt);BDDC(cmt) va AC cat BD MM la trc tam cua tam giac KBCKM la ng cao th 3 nen KMBC.Ma MEBC(cmt) nen K;M;E thang hang pcm.

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Bai 5: Cho tam giac ABC co 3 goc nhon va AB<AC noi tiep trong ng tron tam O.Ke ng cao AD va ng knh AA.Goi E:F theo th t la chan ng vuong goc ke t B va C xuong ng knh AA. 1. C/m AEDB noi tiep. 2. C/m DB.AA=AD.AC 3. C/m:DEAC. 4. Goi M la trung iem BC.Chng minh MD=ME=MF. Gi y: A N E O B D M F I
Hnh 5

A 1/C/m AEDB noi tiep.(S dung hai iem D;E cung lam vi hai au oan AB) 2/C/m: DB.AA=AD.AC .Chng minh c hai tam giac vuong DBA va ACA ong dang. 3/ C/m DEAC. Do ABDE noi tiep nen goc EDC=BAE(Cung bu vi goc BDE).Ma goc BAE=BCA(cung chan cung BA) suy ra goc CDE=DCA. Suy ra DE//AC. Ma goc ACA=1v nen DEAC. 4/C/m MD=ME=MF. Goi N la trung iem AB.Nen N la tam ng tron ngoai tiep t giac ABDE. Do M;N la trung iem BC va AB MN//AC(Tnh chat ng trung bnh) Do DEAC MNDE (ng knh i qua trung iem mot day)MN la ng trung trc cua DE ME=MD. Goi I la trung iem AC.MI//AB(tnh chat ng trung bnh) ABC=AAC (Cung chan cung AC). Do ADFC noi tiep Goc FAC=FDC(Cung chan cung FC) Goc ABC=FDC hay DF//BA Ma ABA=1vMIDF.ng knh MIday cung DFMI la ng trung trc cua DFMD=MF. Vay MD=ME=MF.

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Bai 6: Cho ABC co ba goc nhon noi tiep trong ng tron tam O.Goi M la mot iem bat ky tren cung nho AC.Goi E va F lan lt la chan cac ng vuong goc ke t M en BC va AC.P la trung iem AB;Q la trung iem FE. 1/C/m MFEC noi tiep. 2/C/m BM.EF=BA.EM 3/C/M AMPFMQ. 4/C/m goc PQM=90o. Giai: 1/C/m MFEC noi tiep: A M (S dung hai iem E;F F cung lam vi hai au oan thang CM) P 2/C/m BM.EF=BA.EM C/m:EFMABM: B E
Hnh 6

C Ta co goc ABM=ACM (V cung chan cung AM)

Do MFEC noi tiep nen goc ACM=FEM(Cung chan cung FM). Goc ABM=FEM.(1) Ta lai co goc AMB=ACB(Cung chan cung AB).Do MFEC noi tiep nen goc FME=FCM(Cung chan cung FE). Goc AMB=FME.(2) T (1)va(2) suy ra :EFMABM pcm. 3/C/m AMPFMQ. Ta co EFMABM (theo c/m tren) AM=2AP;FE=2FQ (gt) 2 FQ
2 AP =

AB AM = ma FE MF

AM AP AM = MF FQ FM

va goc PAM=MFQ

(suy ra t EFMABM) Vay: AMPFMQ. 4/C/m goc:PQM=90o. Do goc AMP=FMQ PMQ=AMF PQMAFM goc MQP=AFM Ma goc AFM=1vMQP=1v(pcm).

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Bai 7: Cho (O) ng knh BC,iem A nam tren cung BC.Tren tia AC lay iem D sao cho AB=AD.Dng hnh vuong ABED;AE cat (O) tai iem th hai F;Tiep tuyen tai B cat ng thang DE tai G. 1. C/m BGDC noi tiep.Xac nh tam I cua ng tron nay. 2. C/m BFC vuong can va F la tam ng tron ngoai tiep BCD. 3. C/m GEFB noi tiep. 4. Chng to:C;F;G thang hang va G cung nam tren ng tron ngoai tiep BCD.Co nhan xet g ve I va F 1/C/m BGEC noi tiep: -S dung tong hai goc oi A -I la trung iem GC. 2/C/mBFC vuong can: B O C Goc BCF=FBA(Cung chan cung BF) ma goc FBA=45o (tnh chat hnh F I vuong) D Goc BCF=45o. Goc BFC=1v(goc noi tiep chan na ng G E Hnh 7 tron)pcm. Xet hai tam giac FEB va FED co:E F chung; C/m F la tam ng o Goc BE F=FED =45 ;BE=ED(hai canh cua hnh tiep vuong tron ngoai BDC.ta ABED).BFE=E FD BF=FDBF=FC=FD. pcm. C/m F cach eu cac 3/C/m GE FB noi tiep: nh B;C;D Do BFC vuong can F Cung BF=FC=90o. sgoc GBF= BF) Ma goc FED=45o(tnh chat hnh vuong)Goc FED=GBF=45o.ta lai co goc FED+FEG=2vGoc GBF+FEG=2v GEFB noi tiep. 4/ C/m C;F;G thang hang:Do GEFB noi tiep Goc BFG=BEG ma BEG=1vBFG=1v.Do BFG vuong can FGoc BFC=1v.Goc BFG+CFB=2vG;F;C thang hang. C/m G cung nam tren :Do GBC=GDC=1vtam ng tron ngt
1 1 S cung BF= .90o=45o.(Goc gia tiep tuyen BG va day 2 2

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t giac BGDC la FG nan tren ng tron ngoai tiep BCD. De dang c/m c I F. Bai 8: Cho ABC co 3 goc nhon noi tiep trong (O).Tiep tuyen tai B va C cua ng tron cat nhau tai D.T D ke ng thang song song vi AB,ng nay cat ng tron E va F,cat AC I(E nam tren cung nho BC). 1. C/m BDCO noi tiep. 2. C/m: DC2=DE.DF. 3. C/m:DOIC noi tiep. 4. Chng to I la trung iem FE. A O E 1/C/m:BDCO noi tiep(Dung F tong hai goc oi) 2/C/m:DC2=DE.DF. Xet hai tam giac:DEC va DCF I Cco goc D chung. SgocECD= gia tiep tuyen va mot day) D
Hnh 8

1 s cung EC(Goc 2

S goc E FC=

EC(Goc noi tiep)goc ECD=DFC. 1 Ta co: sgoc BAC= scung BC(Goc noi (1) DCE DFCtiep) pcm. 2 DOIC noi tiep: S goc BOC=scung BC(Goc 3/C/m tam);OB=OC;DB=DC(tnh chat hai tiep tuyen cat nhau);OD chungBOD=CODGoc BOD=COD 2s gocDOC=s cung BC sgoc DOC= T (1)va (2)Goc DOC=BAC. Do DF//ABgoc BAC=DIC(ong v) Goc DOC=DIC Hai iem O va I cung lam vi hai au oan thang Dc nhng goc bang nhaupcm 4/Chng to I la trung iem EF: Do DOIC noi tiep goc OID=OCD(cung chan cung OD) Ma Goc OCD=1v(tnh chat tiep tuyen) Goc OID=1v hay OIID OIFE.Ban knh OI vuong goc vi day cung EFI la trung iemEF.
1 scungBC (2) 2

1 s cung 2

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Bai 9: Cho (O),day cung AB.T iem M bat ky tren cung AB(MA va MB),ke day cung MN vuong goc vi AB tai H.Goi MQ la ng cao cua tam giac MAN. 1. C/m 4 iem A;M;H;Q cung nam tren mot ng tron. 2. C/m:NQ.NA=NH.NM 3. C/m Mn la phan giac cua goc BMQ. 4. Ha oan thang MP vuong goc vi BN;xac nh v tr cua M tren cung AB e MQ.AN+MP.BN co giac tr ln nhat. Giai:Co 2 hnh ve,cach c/m tng t.Sau ay ch C/m tren hnh 9-a.
Hnh 9a

M I H B

Hnh 9b

A Q

N 1/ C/m:A,Q,H,M cung nam tren mot ng tron.(Tuy vao hnh ve e s dung mot trong cac phng phap sau:-Cung lam vi hai au mot goc vuong. -Tong hai goc oi. 2/C/m: NQ.NA=NH.NM. Xet hai vuong NQM va NAH ong dang. 3/C/m MN la phan giac cua goc BMQ. Co hai cach: Cach 1:Goi giao iem MQ va AB la I.C/m tam giac MIB can M Cach 2: Goc QMN=NAH(Cung phu vi goc ANH) Goc NAH=NMB(Cung chan cung NB)pcm 4/ xac nh v tr cua M tren cung AB e MQ.AN+MP.BN co giac tr ln nhat. Ta co 2SMAN=MQ.AN 2SMBN=MP.BN. 2SMAN + 2SMBN = MQ.AN+MP.BN

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Ta lai co: 2SMAN + 2SMBN =2(SMAN + SMBN)=2SAMBN=2.

=AB.MN Vay: MQ.AN+MP.BN=AB.MN Ma AB khong oi nen tch AB.MN ln nhat MN ln nhatMN la ng knh M la iem chnh gia cung AB.

AB MN 2

Bai 10: Cho (O;R) va (I;r) tiep xuc ngoai tai A (R> r) .Dng tiep tuyen chung ngoai BC (B nam tren ng tron tam O va C nam tren ng tron tam (I).Tiep tuyen BC cat tiep tuyen tai A cua hai ng tron E. 1/ Chng minh tam giac ABC vuong A. 2/ O E cat AB N ; IE cat AC tai F .Chng minh N;E;F;A cung nam tren mot ng tron . 3/ Chng to : BC2= 4 Rr 4/ Tnh dien tch t giac BCIO theo R;r Giai: 1/C/m ABC vuong: Do BE va AE la hai tiep tuyen cat nhau nenAE=BE; Tng t AE=ECAE=EB=EC= C 1 BC.ABC vuong
2

B N O A

E F

A. I 2/C/m A;E;N;F cung nam tren -Theo tnh chat hai tiep tuyen cat nhau th EO la Hnh phan giac cua 10 tam giac can AEBEO la ng trung trc cua AB hay OEAB hay goc ENA=1v Tng t goc EFA=2vtong hai goc oi4 iem 3/C/m BC2=4Rr. Ta co t giac FANE co 3 goc vuong(Cmt)FANE la hnh vuongOEI vuong E va EAOI(Tnh chat tiep tuyen).Ap dung he thc lng trong tam giac vuong co: AH2=OA.AI(Bnh phng ng cao bang tch hai hnh chieu)

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Ma AH=

BC BC 2 = RrBC2=Rr va OA=R;AI=r 2 4

4/SBCIO=? Ta co BCIO la hnh thang vuong SBCIO= S=

(r + R ) rR 2

OB + IC BC 2

Bai 11: Tren hai canh goc vuong xOy lay hai iem A va B sao cho OA=OB. Mot ng thang qua A cat OB tai M(M nam tren oan OB).T B ha ng vuong goc vi AM tai H,cat AO keo dai tai I. 1. C/m OMHI noi tiep. 2. Tnh goc OMI. 3. T O ve ng vuong goc vi BI tai K.C/m OK=KH 4. Tm tap hp cac iem K khi M thay oi tren OB. Giai: 1/C/m OMHI noi tiep: S dung tong hai goc oi. 2/Tnh goc OMI A Do OBAI;AHAB(gt) va OBAH=M Nen M la trc tam cua tam giac ABI IM la ng cao th 3 IMAB goc OIM=ABO(Goc co canh Ma vuong OAB co tng ng vuong goc) OA=OB OAB vuong O M B can O goc OBA=45ogoc OMI=45o H 3/C/m OK=KH Ta co OHK=HOB+HBO K (Goc ngoai OHB) I Do AOHB noi tiep(V goc Hnh AOB=AHB=1v) Goc 11 HOB=HAB (Cung o chan Cung chan cung OH)OHK=HAB+HAO=OAB=45 . cung HB) va OKH vuong can KOH=KH OBH=OAH(Cung chan 4/Tap hp cac iem K Do OKKB OKB=1v;OB khong oi khi M di ong K nam tren ng tron ng knh OB. Khi MOth KO Khi MB th K la iem chnh gia cung AB.Vay quy tch iem K la
1 ng tron ng knh OB. 4

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Bai 12: Cho (O) ng knh AB va day CD vuong goc vi AB tai F.Tren cung BC lay iem M.Noi A vi M cat CD tai E. 1. C/m AM la phan giac cua goc CMD. 2. C/m EFBM noi tiep. 3. Chng to:AC2=AE.AM 4. Goi giao iem CB vi AM la N;MD vi AB la I.C/m NI//CD 5. Chng minh N la tam ng treon noi tiep CIM Giai: 1/C/m AM la phan giac cua goc CMD C Do ABCD AB la phan giac N M cua tam giac can COD. COA=AOD. A F O B Cac goc tam AOC va AOD I bang nhau nen cac cung b D chan bang nhau cung AC=ADcac goc noi tiep chan cac cung nay bang nhau.Vay CMA=AMD. 2/C/m EFBM noi tiep. AMB+EFB=2vpcm. Ta co AMB=1v(Goc noi tiep 3/C/m AC2=AE.AM chan na ng tron) C/m hai ACEAMC (A chung;goc ACD=AMD cung chan cung AD va AMD=CMA cmt ACE=AMC) 4/C/m NI//CD. Do cung AC=AD CBA=AMD(Goc noi tiep chan cac cung bang nhau) hay NMI=NBIM va B cung lam vi hai au oan thang NI nhng goc bang nhauMNIB noi tiepNMB+NIM=2v. ma NMB=1v(cmt)NIB=1v hay NIAB.Ma CDAB(gt) NI//CD. 5/Chng to N la tam ng tron noi tiep ICM. Ta phai C/m N la giao iem 3 ng phan giac cua CIM. Theo c/m ta co MN la phan giac cua CMI Do MNIB noi tiep(cmt) NIM=NBM(cung chan cung MN) Goc MBC=MAC(cung chan cung CM) Ta lai co CAN=1v(goc noi tiepACB=1v);NIA=1v(v NIB=1v)ACNI noi tiepCAN=CIN(cung chan cung CN)CIN=NIMIN la phan giac CIM Vay N la tam ng tron

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Bai 13: Cho (O) va iem A nam ngoai ng tron.Ve cac tiep tuyen AB;AC va cat tuyen ADE.Goi H la trung iem DE. 1. C/m A;B;H;O;C cung nam tren 1 ng tron. 2. C/m HA la phan giac cua goc BHC. 3. Goi I la giao iem cua BC va DE.C/m AB2=AI.AH. 4. BH cat (O) K.C/m AE//CK.

Hnh 13

H O I

B D A

K C 1/C/m:A;B;O;C;H cung nam tren mot ng tron: H la trung iem EBOHED(ng knh i qua trung iem cua day )AHO=1v. Ma OBA=OCA=1v (Tnh chat tiep tuyen) A;B;O;H;C cung nam tren ng tron ng knh OA. 2/C/m HA la phan giac cua goc BHC. Do AB;AC la 2 tiep tuyen cat nhau BAO=OAC va AB=AC cung AB=AC(hai day bang nhau cua ng tron kOA) ma BHA=BOA(Cung chan cung AB) va COA=CHA(cung chan cung AC) ma cung AB=AC COA=BOH CHA=AHBpcm. 3/Xet hai tam giac ABH va AIB (co A chung va CBA=BHA hai goc noi tiep chan hai cung bang nhau) ABHAIBpcm. 4/C/m AE//CK. Do goc BHA=BCA(cung chan cung AB) va s BKC= cungBC(goc noi tiep) S BCA= BHA=BKCCK//AB
1 s cung BC(goc gia tt va 1 day) 2 1 S 2

Bai 14:

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Cho (O) ng knh AB=2R;xy la tiep tuyen vi (O) tai B. CD la 1 ng knh bat ky.Goi giao iem cua AC;AD vi xy theo th t la M;N. 1. Cmr:MCDN noi tiep. 2. Chng to:AC.AM=AD.AN 3. Goi I la tam ng tron ngoai tiep t giac MCDN va H la trung iem MN.Cmr:AOIH la hnh bnh hanh. 4. Khi ng knh CD quay xung quanh iem O th I di ong tren ng nao? 1/ C/m MCDN noi tiep: M AOC can OOCA=CAO; C goc CAO=ANB(cung phu vi A O B goc AMB)goc ACD=ANM. K Ma goc ACD+DCM=2v D H I DCM+DNM=2v DCMB noi tiep. 2/C/m: AC.AM=AD.AN Hay c/m ACDANM. 3/C/m AOIH la hnh bnh hanh. N Xac nh I:I la tam ng tron ngoai tiep Hnh 14 t giac MCDNI la MNIHMN la IOCD.Do ABMN;IHMN AO//IH. cach giao iemVay dng trung dng I:T O dng ng vuong goc vi CD.T trung iem trc cua CD va H cua MN dng ng vuong goc vi MN.Hai ng nay cach nhau I. Do H la trung iem MNAhla trung tuyen cua vuong AMNANM=NAH.Ma ANM=BAM=ACD(cmt)DAH=ACD. Goi K la giao iem AH va DO do ADC+ACD=1vDAK+ADK=1v hay AKD vuong KAHCD ma OICDOI//AH vay AHIO la hnh bnh hanh. 4/Quy tch iem I: Do AOIH la hnh bnh hanh IH=AO=R khong oiCD quay xung quanh O th I nam tren ng thang // vi xy va cach xy mot khoang bang R

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Bai 15:
Cho tam giac ABC noi tiep trong ng tron tam O.Goi D la 1 iem tren cung nho BC.Ke DE;DF;DG lan lt vuong goc vi cac canh AB;BC;AC.Goi H la hnh chieu cua D len tiep tuyen Ax cua (O). 1. C/m AHED noi tiep 2. Goi giao iem cua AH vi HB va vi (O) la P va Q;ED cat (O) tai M.C/m HA.DP=PA.DE 3. C/m:QM=AB 4. C/m DE.DG=DF.DH 5. C/m:E;F;G thang hang.(ng thang Sim sn) A H

Q
P B E M D
Hnh 15

O G F

1/C/m AHED noi tiep(S dung hai iem H;E cung lam hanh vi hai au oan thang AD) 2/C/m HA.DP=PA.DE Xet hai tam giac vuong C ong dang: HAP va EPD (Co HPA=EPD ) 3/C/m QM=AB: Do HPAEDPHAB=HDM Ma sHAB=

1 s cung AB; 2 1 4/C/m: DE.DG=DF.DH . SHDM= s cung QM 2 Xet hai tam giac DEH va DFG co:

cung Do EHAD noi tiep HAE=HDE(cung chan cung HE)(1) AM=QM Va EHD=EAD(cung chan cung ED)(2) AB=QM V F=G=90oDFGC noi tiepFDG=FCG(cung chan cung FG) (3) FGD=FCD(cung chan cung FD)(4) Nhng FCG=BCA=HAB(5).T (1)(3)(5)EDH=FDG(6). T (2);(4) va BCD=BAD(cung chan cungBD)EHD=FGD(7)
T (6)va (7)EDHFDG
ED DH = pcm. DF DG

5/C/m: E;F;G thang hang: Ta co BFE=BDE(cmt)va GFC=CDG(cmt) Do ABCD noi tiepBAC+BMC=2v;do GDEA noi tiepEDG+EAG=2v. EDG=BDC ma EDG=EDB+BDG va BCD=BDG+CDGEDB=CDG GFC=BEFE;F;G thang hang.

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Bai 16: Cho tam giac ABC co A=1v;AB<AC.Goi I la trung iem BC;qua I ke IKBC(K nam tren BC).Tren tia oi cua tia AC lay iem M sao cho MA=AK. 1. Chng minh:ABIK noi tiep c trong ng tron tam O. 2. C/m goc BMC=2ACB 3. Chng to BC2=2AC.KC 4. AI keo dai cat ng thang BM tai N.Chng minh AC=BN 5. C/m: NMIC noi tiep. 1/C/m ABIK noi tiep (t C/m) 2/C/m BMC=2ACB do ABMK va MA=AK(gt)BMK can BBMA=AKB Ma AKB=KBC+KCB (Goc C ngoai tam giac KBC). Do I la trung iem BC va KIBC(gt) KBC can K

N M A B
Hnh 16

K I

KBC=KCB Vay BMC=2ACB 3/C/m BC2=2AC.KC Xet 2 vuong ACB va ICK co C chungACBICK
AC BC AC CB BC = = BC IC= CK pcm IC CK 2 2

4/C/m AC=BN Do AIB=IAC+ICA(goc ngoai IAC) va IAC Can IIAC=ICA AIB=2IAC(1). Ta lai co BKM=BMK va BKM=AIB(cung chan cung AB-t giac AKIB noi tiep) AIB=BMK(2) ma BMK=MNA+MAN(goc ngoai tam giac MNA) Do MNA can M(gt)MAN=MNABMK=2MNA(3) T (1);(2);(3)IAC=MNA va MAN=IAC( ) 5/C/m NMIC noi tiep: do MNA=ACI hay MNI=MCI hai iem N;C cung lam thanh vi hai au)

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Bai 17: Cho (O) ng knh AB co nh,iem C di ong tren na ng tron.Tia phan giac cua ACB cat (O) tai M.Goi H;K la hnh chieu cua M len AC va AB. 1. C/m:MOBK noi tiep. 2. T giac CKMH la hnh vuong. 3. C/m H;O;K thang hang. 4. Goi giao iem HKva CM la I.Khi C di ong tren na ng tron th I chay tren ng nao? C

1/C/m:BOMK noi tiep: Ta co BCA=1v(goc noi H A O B tiep chan na ng tron) I CM P Q K la tia phan giac cua goc BCAACM=MCB=45o. M cungAM=MB=90o. Hnh day AM=MB co O la 17 trung iem AB OMAB 2/C/m CHMK la hnh vuong: hay gocBOM=BKM=1v Do vuong HCM co 1 goc bang 45o nen CHM vuong can BOMK noi tiep. H HC=HM, tng t CK=MK Do C=H=K=1v CHMK la hnh ch nhat co hai canh ke bang nhau CHMK la hnh vuong. 3/C/m H,O,K thang hang: Goi I la giao iem HK va MC;do MHCK la hnh vuong HKMC tai trung iem I cua MC.Do I la trung iem MCOIMC(ng knh i qua trung iem mot day) Vay HIMC;OIMC va KIMCH;O;I thang hang. 4/Do goc OIM=1v;OM co nhI nam tren ng tron ng knh OM. -Gii han:Khi CB th IQ;Khi CA th IP.Vay khi C di ong tren na ng tron (O) th I chay tren cung tron PHQ cua ng tron ng knh OM.

Bai 18:

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Cho hnh ch nhat ABCD co chieu dai AB=2a,chieu rong BC=a.Ke tia phan giac cua goc ACD,t A ha AH vuong goc vi ng phan giac noi tren. 1/Chng minhAHDC nt trong ng tron tam O ma ta phai nh ro tam va ban knh theo a. 2/HB cat AD tai I va cat AC tai M;HC cat DB tai N.Chng to HB=HC. Va AB.AC=BH.BI 3/Chng to MN song song vi tiep tuyen tai H cua (O) 4/T D ke ng thang song song vi BH;ng nay cat HC K va cat (O) J.Chng minh HOKD nt.

x A H I D

M O N K C

B J

Xet hai HCAABI co A=H=1v va ABH=ACH(cung chan cung AH) HCAABI

HC AC = ma HB=HCpcm AB BI

3/Goi tiep tuyen tai H cua (O) la Hx. DoAH=HD;AO=HO=DOAHO=HODAOH=HOD maAOD can OOHAD va OHHx(tnh chat tiep tuyen) nen AD//Hx(1) Do cung AH=HD ABH=ACH=HBDHBD=ACH hay MBN=MCN hay 2 iem B;C cung lam vi hai au oan MN nhng goc bang nhau MNCB noi tiepNMC=NBC(cung chan cung NC) ma DBC=DAC (cung chan cung DC) NMC=DAC MN//DA(2).T (1)va (2)MN//Hx. 4/C/m HOKD noi tiep: Do DJ//BHHBD=BDJ (so le)cung BJ=HD=AH=
AD ma cung 2

AD=BCcung BJ=JCH;O;J thang hang tc HJ la ng knh HDJ= 1v .Goc HJD=ACH(cung chan 2 cung bang nhau)OJK=OCKCJ cung lam vi hai au oan OK nhng goc

bang nhauOKCJ noi tiep KOC=KJC (cung chan cung KC);KJC=DAC(cung chan cung DC)KOC=DACOK//AD ma ADHJOKHOHDKC noi tiep.

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Bai 19: Cho na ng tron (O) ng knh AB,ban knh OCAB.Goi M la 1 iem tren cung BC.Ke ng cao CH cua tam giac ACM. 1. Chng minh AOHC noi tiep. 2. Chng to CHM vuong can va OH la phan giac cua goc COM. 3. Goi giao iem cua OH vi BC la I.MI cat (O) tai D.Cmr:CDBM la hnh thang can. 4. BM cat OH tai N.Chng minh BNI va AMC ong dang,t o suy ra: BN.MC=IN.MA. N 1/C/m AOHC noi tiep: (hoc sinh t chng I M minh) B O H Hnh A 19 2/C/m 1 CHM vuong S CMA= scung can: 2 Do OCAB trai trung AC=45o.CHM vuong can M. iem Ovuong Cung can C/m OH la phan giac cua goc COM:Do CHM AC=CB=90o. HCH=HM; CO=OB(ban knh);OH Ta lai co: chungCHO=HOMCOH=HOMpcm. 3/C/m:CDBM la thang can: Do OCM can O co OH la phan giacOH la ng trung trc cua CM ma IOHICM can IICM=IMC ma ICM=MDB(cung chan cung BM) IMC=IDB hay CM//DB.Do IDB can IIDB=IBD va MBC=MDC(cung chan cungCM) nen CDB=MBDCDBM la thang can. 4/C/m BNI va AMC ong dang: Do OH la ng trung trc cua CM va NOH CN=NM. Do AMB=1vHMB=1v hay NMAM ma CHAMCH//NM,co goc CMH=45oNHM=45oMNH vuong can M vay CHMN la hnh vuong INB=CMA=45o. Do CMBD la thang canCD=BM cungCD=BM ma cung AC=CBcungAD=CM va CAM=CBM(cung chan cung CM) INB=CMA pcm D Bai 20: C

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Cho eu ABC noi tiep trong (O;R).Tren cnah AB va AC lay hai iem M;N sao cho BM=AN. 1. Chng to OMN can. 2. C/m :OMAN noi tiep. 3. BO keo dai cat AC tai D va cat (O) E.C/m BC2+DC2=3R2. 4. ng thang CE va AB cat nhau F.Tiep tuyen tai A cua (O) cat FC tai I;AO keo dai cat BC tai J.C/m BI i qua trung iem cua AJ.
1/C/m OMN can: Do ABC la tam giac eu noi tiep trong (O)AO va BO la phan giac cua ABC OAN=OBM=30o; OA=OB=R va BM=AN(gt)OMB=ONA OM=ON OMN can O. A I 2/C/m OMAN noi tiep: do OBM=ONA(cmt)BMO=ANO Ema BMO+AMO=2vANO+AMO=2v. AMON noi tiep. M D 3/C/m BC2+DC2=3R2. K N Do BO C la phan giac cua eu O B J BOAC hay BOD vuong D.Ap dung he thc Pitago ta co: BC2=DB2+CD2=(BO+OD)2+CD2= AOC=120oHnh AOE=60o AOE la tam giac eu co =BO2+2.OB.OD+OD2+CD2.(1) 20 R Ma OB=R.AOC can O co ADOEOD=ED= 2 OAC=30o.

Ap dung Pitago ta co:OD2=OC2-CD2=R2-CD2.(2) T (1)va (2)BC2=R2+2.R.

R +CD2-CD2=3R2. 2

4/Goi K la giao iem cua BI vi AJ. Ta co BCE=1v(goc noi tiep chan na ng tron)co B=60oBFC=30o. BC=
1 BF ma AB=BC=AB=AF.Do AOAI(t/c tt) va AJBCAI//BC co 2

A la trung iem BFI la trung iem CF. Hay FI=IC.

AK BK = AK KJ = EI BI KJ FI BK CI = Do KJ//CI.Ap dung he qua Talet trong BIC co: CJ BI

Do AK//FI.Ap dung he qua Talet trong BFI co:

Ma FI=CIAK=KJ (pcm)

Bai 21:

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Cho ABC (A=1v)noi tiep trong ng tron tam (O).Goi M la trung iem canh AC.ng tron tam I ng knh MC cat canh BC N va cat (O) tai D. 1. C/m ABNM noi tiep va CN.AB=AC.MN. 2. Chng to B,M,D thang hang va OM la tiep tuyen cua (I). 3. Tia IO cat ng thang AB tai E.C/m BMOE la hnh bnh hanh. 4. C/m NM la phan giac cua goc AND. 1/ C/m ABNM noi tiep: A (dung tong hai goc oi) M D C/m CN.AB=AC.MN I Chng minh hai tam giac vuong ABC va NMC ong B O N C dang. 2/C/m B;M;D thang hang. E Ta co MDC=1v(goc noi tiep chan na ng Hnh 21 tron tam I) hay MD DC. Hay BDDC. Qua iem D co haiBDC=1v(goc ng thang BD tiep va DM cung noi vuong goc vi DCB;M;D thang hang. chan na ng tron C/m OM la tiep tuyen cua (I):Ta co MO la ng trung bnh cua ABC (v M;O la trung iem cua AC;BC-gt)MO//AB ma ABAC(gt)MOAC hay MOIC;M(I)MO la tiep tuyen cua ng tron tam I. 3/C/m BMOE la hnh bnh hanh: MO//AB hay MO//EB.Ma I la trung iem MC;O la trung iem BCOI la ng trung bnh cua MBCOI//BM hay OE//BMBMOE la hnh bnh hanh. 4/C/m MN la phan giac cua goc AND: Do ABNM noi tiep MBA=MNA(cung chan cung AM) MBA=ACD(cung chan cung AD) Do MNCD noi tiep ACD=MND(cung chan cung MD) ANM=MNDpcm.

Bai 22:

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Cho hnh vuong ABCD co canh bang a.Goi I la iem bat ky tren ng cheo AC.Qua I ke cac ng thang song song vi AB;BC,cac ng nay cat AB;BC;CD;DA lan lt P;Q;N;M. 1. C/m INCQ la hnh vuong. 2. Chng to NQ//DB. 3. BI keo dai cat MN tai E;MP cat AC tai F.C/m MFIN noi tiep c trong ng tron.Xac nh tam. 4. Chng to MPQN noi tiep.Tnh dien tch cua no theo a. 5. C/m MFIE noi tiep. 1/C/m INCQ la hnh vuong: MI//AP//BN(gt)MI=AP=BN NC=IQ=PD NIC vuong N F co ICN=45o(Tnh chat ng E P I N cheo hnh vuong)NIC vuong can N B Q CINCQ la hnh vuong. 2/C/m:NQ//DB: Hnh 22 Do ABCD la hnh vuong Hay NQACNQ//DB. DBAC 3/C/m MFIN noi tiep: Do MPAI(tnh chatla hnh Do IQCN hnh vuong vuong)MFI=1v;MIN=1v(gt) NQIC hai iem F;I cung lam vi hai au oan MN MFIN noi tiep. Tam cua ng tron nay la giao iem hai ng cheo hnh ch nhat MFIN. 4/C/m MPQN noi tiep: Do NQ//PMMNQP la hnh thang co PN=MQMNQP la thang can.De dang C/m thang can noi tiep. A M D Tnh SMNQP=SMIP+SMNI+SNIQ+SPIQ= =
1 1 SABCD= a2. 2 2 1 1 1 1 SAMIP+ SMDNI+ SNIQC+ SPIQB 2 2 2 2

5/C/m MFIE noi tiep: Ta co cac tam giac vuong BPI=IMN(do PI=IM;PB=IN;P=I=1v. PIB=IMN ma PBI=EIN( )IMN=EIN Ta lai co IMN+ENI=1vEIN+ENI=1vIEN=1v ma MFI=1vIEM+MFI=2v FMEI noi tiep

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Bai 23: Cho hnh vuong ABCD,N la trung iem DC;BN cat AC tai F,Ve ng tron tam O ng knh BN.(O) cat AC tai E.BE keo dai cat AD M;MN cat (O) tai I. 1. C/m MDNE noi tiep. 2. Chng to BEN vuong can. 3. C/m MF i qua trc tam H cua BMN. 4. C/m BI=BC va IE F vuong. 5. C/m FIE la tam giac vuong.
1/C/m MDNE noi tiep. Ta co NEB=1v(goc nt B chan na ng tron) MEN=1v;MDN=1v(t/c hnh vuong) MEN+MDN=2vpcm 2/C/m BEN vuong can: NEB vuong(cmt) Do CBNE noi tiep ENB=BCE(cung chan C cung BE) ma BCE=45o(t/c hv)ENB=45opcm. 3/C/m MF i qua trc tam H cua BMN.

Q A M I D
Hnh 23

H N

Ta co BIN=1v(goc nt chan na tron) BIMN. Ma ENBM(cmt)BI va EN la hai ng cao cua BMNGiao iem cua EN va BI la trc tam H.Ta phai C/m M;H;F thang hang. Do H la trc tam BMNMHBN(1) MAF=45o(t/c hv);MBF=45o(cmt)MAF=MBF=45oMABF noi tiep.MAB+MFB=2v ma MAB=1v(gt)MFB=1v hay MFBM(2) T (1)va (2)M;H;F thang hang. 4/C/m BI=BC: Xet 2vuong BCN va BIN co canh huyen BN chung;NBC=NEC (cung chan cung NC).Do MEN=MFN=1v MEFN noi tiepNEC=FMN(cung chan cung FN);FMN=IBN(cung phu vi goc INB)IBN=NBCBCN=BIN.BC=BI *C/m IEF vuong:Ta co EIB=ECB(cung chan cung EB) va ECB=45 o EIB=45o Do HIN+HFN=2vIHFN noi tiepHIF=HNF (cung chan cung HF);ma HNF=45o(do EBN vuong can)HIF=45o . Tva EIF=1v pcm 5/ * C/mBM la ng trung trc cua QH:Do AI=BC=AB(gt va cmt) ABI can B.Hai vuong ABM va BIM co canh huyen BM chung;AB=BIABM=BIMABM=MBI;ABI can B co BM la phan giac BM la ng trung trc cua QH. *C/mMQBN la thang can: T giac AMEQ co A+QEN=2v(do EN BM theo cmt) AMEQ noi tiepMAE=MQE(cung chan cung ME) ma MAE=45 o va ENB=45o(cmt) MQN=BNQ=45o MQ//BN.ta lai co MBI=ENI(cung chan cungEN) va MBI=ABM vaIBN=NBC(cmt)

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 QBN=ABM+MBN=ABM+45o(v MBN=45o)MNB=MNE+ENB=MBI+45o MNB=QBNMQBN la thang can.

Bai 24: Cho ABC co 3 goc nhon(AB<AC).Ve ng cao AH.T H ke HK;HM lan lt vuong goc vi AB;AC.Goi J la giao iem cua AH va MK. 1. C/m AMHK noi tiep. 2. C/m JA.JH=JK.JM 3. T C ke tia Cxvi AC va Cx cat AH keo dai D.Ve HI;HN lan lt vuong goc vi DB va DC. Cmr : HKM=HCN 4. C/m M;N;I;K cung nam tren mot ng tron. 1/C/m AMHK noi tiep: Dung tong hai goc oi) J M 2/C/m: JA.JH=JK.JM K Xet hai tam B H C giac:JAM va JHK co: AJM=KJH I ().Do AKHM nt HAM=HKM( cung N chan cung HM) JAMJKH pcm D 3/C/m HKM=HCN Hnh v AKHM noi tiep 24 Ma HAM=MHC (cung phu vi goc ACH). HKM=HAM(cung Do HMC=MCN=CNH=1v(gt)MCNH la hnh ch nhat MH//CN chan cung HM) hay MHC=HCNHKM=HCN. 4/C/m: M;N;I;K cung nam tren mot ng tron. Do BKHI noi tiepBKI=BHI(cung chan cung BI);BHI=IDH(cung phu vi goc IBH) Do IHND noi tiepIDH=INH(cung chan cung IH)BKI=HNI Do AKHM noi tiepAKM=AHM(cung chan cung AM);AHM=MCH(cung phu vi HAM) Do HMCN noi tiepMCH=MNH(cung chan cung MH)AKM=MNH ma BKI+AKM+MKI=2vHNI+MNH+MKI=2v hay IKM+MNI=2v M;N;I;K cung nam tren mot ng tron. A

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Bai 25: Cho ABC (A=1v),ng cao AH.ng tron tam H,ban knh HA cat ng thang AB tai D va cat AC tai E;Trung tuyen AM cua ABC cat DE tai I. 1. Chng minh D;H;E thang hang. 2. C/m BDCE noi tiep.Xac nh tam O cua ng tron nay. 3. C?m AMDE. 4. C/m AHOM la hnh bnh hanh. 1/C/m D;H;E thang hang: Do DAE=1v(goc noi E tiep chan na I ng tron tam B H M C H)DE la ng knh D;E;H thang hang. D 2/C/m BDCE noi tiep: O HAD can H(v Hnh HD=HA=ban knh 25 BDE=BCEHai iem D;C cung lam vi hait au oan cua tam thang BE H)HAD=HAD ma Xac nh tam O:O la giao iem hai ng trung trc cua BE va BC. 3/C/m:AMDE: A Do M la trung iem BCAM=MC=MB= ABE=ACB(cmt)MAC=ADE. Ta lai co:ADE+AED=1v(v A=1v)CAM+AED=1vAIE=1v vay AMED. 4/C/m AHOM la hnh bnh hanh: Do O la tam ng tron ngoai tiep BECDOM la ng trung trc cua BC OMBCOM//AH. Do H la trung iem DE(DE la ng knh cua ng tron tam H)OHDE ma AMDEAM//OHAHOM la hnh bnh hanh.
BC MAC=MCA;ma 2

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Bai 26: Cho ABC co 2 goc nhon,ng cao AH.Goi K la iem doi xng cua H qua AB;I la iem oi xng cua H qua AC.E;F la giao iem cua KI vi AB va AC. 1. Chng minh AICH noi tiep. 2. C/m AI=AK 3. C/m cac iem: A;E;H;C;I cung nam tren mot ng tron. 4. C/m CE;BF la cac ng cao cua ABC. 5. Chng to giao iem 3 ng phan giac cua HFE chnh la trc tam cua ABC. 1/C/m AICH noi tiep: I Do I x vi H qua ACAC la trung trc cua HIAI=AH va HC=IC;AC chung AHC=AIC(ccc) AHC=AIC ma AHC=1v(gt) AIC=1v C AIC+AHC=2v AICH noi tiep.

A E K B
Hnh

F M H

26 2/C/m AI=AK: Theo chng minh tren ta co:AI=AH.Do K x vi H qua AB nen AB la ng trung trc cua KHAH=AK AI=AK(=AH) 3/C/m A;E;H;C;I cung nam tren mot ng tron: DoEABva ABla trung trc cua KHEK=EH;EA chung;AH=AKAKE=AHEAKE=EHA maAKI can A(theo c/m tren AK=AI) AKI=AIK.EHA=AIE hai iem I va K cung lam vi hai au oan AEA;E;H;I cung nam tren mot ng tron ky hieu la (C) Theo cmt th A;I;CV;H cung nam tren ng tron(C) (C) va (C) trung nhau v co chung 3 iem A;H;I khong thang hang) 4/C/m:CE;BF la ng cao cua ABC. Do AEHCI cung nam tren mot ng tron co AIC=1vAC la ng knh.AEC=1v ( goc noi tiep chan na ng tron)Hay CE la ng cao cua ABC.Chng minh tng t ta co BF la ng cao 5/Goi M la giao iemAH va EC.Ta C/m M la giao iem 3 ng phan giac cua HFE. EBHM nt MHE=MBE(cung chan cungEM) EHM=MHF BEFC nt FBE=ECF (Cung chan cung EF) HA la pg HMFC ntFCM=FMH(cung chan cung MF)

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C/m tng t co EC la phan giac cua FHEpcm. Bai 27: Cho ABC(AB=AC) noi tiep trong (O).Goi M la mot iem bat ky tren cung nho AC.Tren tia BM lay MK=MC va tren tia BA lay AD=AC. 1. C/m: BAC=2BKC 2. C/m BCKD noi tiep.,xac nh tam cua ng tron nay. 3. Goi giao iem cua DC vi (O) la I.C/m B;O;I thang hang. 4. C/m DI=BI. D 1/Chng to:BAC=BMC (cung chan cung BC) BMC=MKC+MCK(goc ngoai MKC) A Ma MK=MC(gt) MKC I K can M MMKC=MCK BMC=2BKC. BAC=2BKC. B C 2/C/mBCKD noi tiep: Ta co Hnh 27 BAC=ADC+ACD(goc AD=AC(gt)ADC can AADC=ACDBAC=2BDC ngoai ADC) ma
1 BDBCD vuong C 2 1 BD 2

Nhng ta lai co:BAC=2BKC(cmt)BDC=BKC BCKD noi tiep. Xac nh tam:Do AB=AC=ADA la trung iem BD trung tuyen CA= .Do BCKD noi tiep DKB=DCB(cung chan cungBD).Ma BCD=1vBKD=1vBKD vuong K co trung tuyen KAKA= AD=AB=AC=AK A la tam ng tron 3/C/m B;O;I thang hang:Do goc BCI=1v,ma B;C;I(O) BI la ng knh B;O;I thang hang. 4/C/mBI=DI: Cach 1: Ta co BAI=1v(goc noi tiep chan n ng tron)hay AIDB,co A la trung iemAI la ng trung trc cua BDIBD can IID=BI

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Cach 2: ACI=ABI(cung chan cung AI)ADC can DACI=ADIBDC=ACDIDB=IBDBID can Ipcm.

Bai 28: Cho t giac ABCD noi tiep trong(O).Goi I la iem chnh gia cung AB(Cung AB khong cha iem C;D).IC va ID cat AB M;N. 1. C/m D;M;N;C cung nam tren mot ng tron. 2. C/m NA.NB=NI.NC 3. DI keo dai cat ng thang BC F;ng thang IC cat ng thang AD E.C/m:EF//AB. 4. C/m :IA2=IM.ID. E I
M N

F A B

1/C/m D;M;N;C cung nam tren mot ng tron.

1 scung(IB+AD) 2 1 S NCD= S cungDI 2

S IMB=

Ma cung IB=IAIMB=NCD D CIMB=NCD. Ta lai co IMN+DMN=2v NCD+DMN=2vMNCD Hnh 28 noitiep. IAB=ICB(cung chan cung BI) 2/Xet 2NBC va NAI co: INA=BNC( )NAINCBpcm. 3/C/m EF//AB: Do IDA=ICB(cung chan hai cung hai cung bang nhau IA=IB) hay EDF=ECF hai iem D va C cung lam vi hai au oan EFEDCF noi tiep EFD=ECD(cung chan cung ED),ma ECD=IMN(cmt) EFD=FMN EF//AB. 4/C/m: IA2=IM.ID. 2 AIMDIA v: I chung;IAM=IDA(hai goc nt chan hai cung bang nhau) pcm.

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Bai 29:
Cho hnh vuong ABCD,tren canh BC lay iem E.Dng tia Ax vuong goc vi AE, Ax cat canh CD keo dai tai F.Ke trung tuyen AI cua AEF,AI keo dai cat CD tai K.qua E dng ng thang song song vi AB,cat AI tai G. 1.C/m AECF noi tiep. 2.C/m: AF2=KF.CF 3.C/m:EGFK la hnh thoi. 4.Cmr:khi E di ong tren BC th EK=BE+DK va chu vi CKE co gia tr khong oi. 5.Goi giao iem cua EF vi AD la J.C/m:GJJK.

Giai:

1/C/m AECF noi tiep:

F FAE=DCE=1v(gt)

J I

B
Hnh 29

AECF noi tiep 2/C/m: AF2=KF.CF. Do AECF noi tiep DCA=FEA(cung chan cung AF).Ma DCA=45o (Tnh chat hnh vuong) DFEA=45oFAE vuong can A co K AIFE FI=IE FAK=45o. FKA=ACF=45o.Va KFA chung FKAFCA
FA FK = pcm. FC FA

3/C/m: EGFK la hnh thoi. -Do AK la ng trung trc cua FEGFE can G GFE=GEF.Ma GE//CF (cung vuong goc vi AD)GEF=EFK(so le) GFI=IFKFI la ng trung trc cua GKGI=IK,ma I F=IEGFKE la hnh thoi. 4/C/m EK=BE+DK: vuong ADF va ABE co AD=AB;AF=AE.(AE F vuong can)ADF=ABE BE=DF na FD+DK=FK VA FK=KE(t/v hnh thoi)KE=BE+DK C/m chu vi tam giac CKE khong oi:Goi chu vi la C= KC+EC+KE =KC+EC+BE +DK =(KC+DK)+(BE+EC)=2BC khong oi. 5/C/m IJJK:

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Do JIK=JDK=1vIJDK noi tiep JIK=IDK(cung chan cung IK) IDK=45o(T/c hnh vuong) JIK=45oJIK vuong van IJI=IK,ma IK=GI JI=IK=GI=
1 GKGJK vuong J hay GJJK. 2

Bai 30: Cho ABC.Goi H la trc tam cua tam giac.Dng hnh bnh hanh BHCD. Goi I la giao iem cua HD va BC. 1. C/m:ABDC noi tiep trong ng tron tam O;neu cah dng tam O. 2. So sanh BAH va OAC. 3. CH cat OD tai E.C/m AB.AE=AH.AC 4.Goi giao iem cua AI va OH la G.C/m G la trong tam cua ABC. 1/c/m:ABDC noi tiep: Goi cac ng cao cua ABC la AN;BM;CN. M Q Do G H AQH+HMA=2vAQHM B noi C N IO tiepBAC+QHM=2v ma QHM=BHC( ) D Hnh BHC=CDB(2 goc oi 30 Va BHACCDAC hay ACD=1v,ma A;D;C tren ng cua hnhnam bnh hanh) tronAD la ng knh.Vay O la trung iem AD. BAC+CDB=2V ABDC 2/So sanh BAH va OAC: noi tiep. BAN=QCB(cung phu vi ABC) ma CH//BD( do BHCD hnh Cach xac nhla tam bnh hanh) QCB=CBD(so le);CBD=DAC(cung chan cung O:do CD//BH(t/c hnh bnh hanh) CD)BAH=OAC. 3/c/m: AB.AE=AH.AC: Xet hai tam giac ABH va ACE co EAC=HCB(cmt);ACE=HBA(cung phu vi BAC)ABHACEpcm 4/C/m G la trong tam cua ABC.ta phai cm G la giao iem A ba ng trung tuyen hay GJ=
1 AI. 3

Do IB=ICOIBC ma AHBCOI//AH.Theo nh ly Ta Let trong AGH

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OI GI = .Do I la trung iem HDO la trung iem AD AH AG OI 1 OI GI 1 1 1 = (T/c ng trung bnh) = = GI= AG. Hay GI= AH 2 AH AG 2 2 3

AIG la trong tam cua ABC. Bai 31: Cho (O0 va cung AB=90o.C la mot iem tuy y tren cung ln AB.Cac ng cao AI;BK;CJ cua ABC cat nhau H.BK cat (O) N;AH cat (O) tai M.BM va AN gap nhau D. 1. C/m:B;K;C;J cung nam tren mot ng tron. 2. c/m: BI.KC=HI.KB 3. C/m:MN la ng knh cua (O) 4. C/m ACBD la hnh bnh hanh. 5. C/m:OC//DH. Bai nay co hai hnh ve tuy vao v tr cua N C.Cach c/m tng t 1/C/m B;K;C;J cung nam tren mot ng tron. O D A -S dung tong hai goc oi. M -S dung hai goc cung K lam vi hai au oan B C thang mot goc I J vuong. 2/C/m: BI.KC=HI.KB. Xet hai tam giac vuong BIH va BKC co H IBH=KBC( ) pcm Hnh 31 3/ C/m MN la ng o o knh cua (O). Tam giac vuong canKBC=45 IBH=KBC=45 IBH cung la tam Do cung giac vuong can.Ta lai co: AMD=MAB+ABM(goc ngoai tam giac MAB).Ma AB=90o.ACB=ANB=45o 1 KBC;AKN la nhng sMAB= sMB
2 1 SABM= sAM va cung MA+AM=AB=90o.AMD=45o va 2

AMD=BMH( ) BMI=45oBIM vuong canMBI=45oMBH=MBI+IBH=90o hay MBN=1vMN la ng knh cua (O). 5/C/m OH//DH.

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Do MN la ng knh MAN=1v(goc nt chan na tron) ma CAN =45o. MAC=45o hay cung MC=90oMNC=45o.Goc tam MOC chan cung MC=90oMOC=90oOCMN. Do DBNH;HADN;AH va DB cat nhau MM la trc tam cua DNH MNDHOC//DH.

Bai 32: Cho hnh vuong ABCD.Goi N la mot iem bat ky tren CD sao cho CN<ND;Ve ng tron tam O n knh BN.(O) cat AC tai F;BF cat AD tai M;BN cat AC tai E. 1. C/m BFN vuong can. 2. C/m:MEBA noi tiep 3. Goi giao iem cua ME va NF la Q.MN cat (O) P.C/m B;Q;P thang hang. 4. Chng to ME//PC va BP=BC. 5. C/m FPE la tam giac vuong 1/c/m:BFN vuong can: ANB=FCB(cung chan F cung FB).Ma FCB=45o M O Q (tnh chat hnh P vuong) E D N C ANB=45o Ma NFB=1v(goc nt Hnh chan na ng o 32 FME=45o va MAC=45 (tnh chat hnh tron) vuong)FME=MAC=45o. BFN vuong can MABE noi tiep. F 3/C/m B;Q;P thang hang: 2/C/m MEBA Noi Do MABE ntMAB+NEB=2v;ma MAB=1v(t/c hnh vuong)MEB=1v hay MEBN.Theo cmt NFBMQ la trc tam cua BMNBQMN(1) Ta lai co BPN=1v(goc noi tiep chan na ng tron) hay BPMN(2). T (1)va(2)B;Q;P thang hang. 4/C/m MF//PC. Do MFN=MEN=1vMFEN noi tiepFNM=FEM(cung chan cung MF) Ma FNP=FNM=FCD(cung chan cung PF cua (O) FEM=FCPME//CP A B

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C/m:BP=BC:Do ME//CP va MEBNCPBN.ng knh MN vuong goc vi day CPBN la ng trung trc cua CP hay BCP can BBC=BP. 5/C/m FPE vuong: Do FPNB noi tiepFPB=FNB=45o(cmt) De dang cm c QENP noi tiepQPE=QNE=45opcm. Bai 33: Tren ng tron tam O lan lt lay bon iem A;B;C;D sao cho AB=DB.AB va CD cat nhau E.BC cat tiep tuyen tai A cua ng tron(O) Q;DB cat AC tai K. 1. Cm: CB la phan giac cua goc ACE. 2. c/m:AQEC noi tiep. 3. C/m:KA.KC=KB.KD 4. C/m:QE//AD. 1/C/m CB la phan giac cua goc ACE: Do ABCD noi tiep BCD+BAD=2v Ma BCE+BCD=2VBCE=BAD. Do AB=AC(gt)BAD can DBBAD=BDA.ta lai co BDA=BCA (Cung chan cung AB)BCE=BCA pcm. 2/C/m AQEC noi tiep:
1

Q B A
K

C O

Ta co s QAB= SAB(goc gia 2 A va C cung QAB=ADB=BCE(cmt) QAE=QCDhai iem tuyen va mot day) lam vi hai au oan QEtiep pcm 1 S ADB=S AB 3/C/m: KA.KC=KB.KD. 2 C/m KABKDC. 4/C/m:QE//AD: Do AQEC ntQEA=QCA(cung chan cung QA) ma QCA=BAD(cmt) QEA=EADQE//AD.

Hnh 33

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Bai 34: Cho (O) va tiep tuyen Ax.Tren Ax lay hai iem B va C sao cho AB=BC.Ke cat tuyen BEF vi ng tron.CE va CF cat (O) lan lt M va N.Dng hnh bnh hanh AECD. 1. C/m:D nam tren ng thang BF. 2. C/m ADCF noi tiep. 3. C/m: CF.CN=CE.CM 4. C/m:MN//AC. 5. Goi giao iem cua AF vi MN la I.Cmr:DF i qua trung iem cua NI. C D 1/C/m:D nam tren ng thang BF. Do ADCE la hnh bnh hanhDE va AC la hai ng cheo.Do B la trung iem cua AC B cung la trung iem DE hay DBE thang hang.Ma B;E;F thang hang D nam F BF. tren 2/C/m ADCF noi tiep: Do ADCf la hnh bnh hanh DCA=CAE(so le) S CAE=
1 Cung AE(goc 2

B E A J O I M
Hnh 34

gia tt va mot day) ma hai iem F va C cung lam vi 2 au oan AD pcm 1 3/C/m: CF.CN=CE.CM. ta c/m CEF CNM. AE EFA=s 2 4/C/m:MN//AC. CAE=EFADFA=DCA Do ADCF ntDAC=DFC(cung chan cung CD).Ma ADCE la hnh bnh hanh DAC=ACE(so le),ta lai co CFD=NME(cung chan cung EN)ACM=CMN AC//MN. 5/C/m:DF i qua trung iem NI:Goi giao iem cua NI vi FE la J Do NI//AC(v MN//AB) NJ//CB,theo he qua talet Tng t IJ//AB Ma AB=AC(gt)JI=NJ
JE NJ = JI NJ FB BC = JF JI AB BC = FB AB

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Bai 35: Cho (O;R) va ng knh AB;CD vuong goc vi nhau.Goi M la mot iem tren cung nho CB. 1. C/m:ACBD la hnh vuong. 2. AM cat CD ;CB lan lt P va I.Goi J la giao iem cua DM va AB.C/m IB.IC=IA.IM 3. Chng to IJ//PD va IJ la phan giac cua goc CJM. 4. Tnh dien tch AID theo R. 1/C/m:ACBD la hnh vuong: V O la trung iem cua AB;CD C nen ACBD la hnh bnh hanh. M Ma AC=BD(ng knh) va P I ACDB (gt)hnh bnh hanh ACBD A O la hnh vuong. B J 2/C/m: IB.IC=IA.IM Xet 2 IAC va IBM co CIA=MIB( ) IAC=IBM(cung chan cung CM) D IACIBMpcm. Hnh 3/C/m IJ//PD. 35 Do ACBD la hnh vuong CBO=45o. IMJ=IBJ=45oM va B cung lam vi hai au oan IJMBIJ Va cung AC=CB=BD=DA. noi tiep. AMD=DMB=45o IJB+IMB=2v ma IMB=1v IJB =1v hay IJAB.Ma PDAB(gt) IJ//PD C/m IJ la phan giac cua goc CMJ: -Vi IJAB hay AJI=1v va ACI=1v(t/c hnh vuong)ACIJ noi tiep IJC=IAC(cung chan cung CI) ma IAC=IBM(cung chan cungCM) -V MBJI noi tiep MBI=MJI(cung chan cung IM) IJC= IJMpcm. 4/Tnh dien tch AID theo R: Do CB//AD(tnh chat hnh vuong) co ICB khoang cach t en AD chnh bang CA.Ta lai co IAD va CAD chung ay va ng cao bang nhau. SIAD=SCAD.Ma
1

SACD= 2 SABCD. SIAD= 2

SABCD.SABCD= 2 AB.CD (dien tch co 2 ng cheo vuong

goc)SABCD=

1 2R.2R=2R2SIAD=R2. 2

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Bai 37: Cho ABC(A=1v).Ke AHBC.Goi O va O la tam ng tron noi tiep cac tam giac AHB va AHC.ng thang O O cat canh AB;AC ta M;N. 1. C/m: OHO la tam giac vuong. 2. C/m:HB.HO=HA.HO 3. C/m: HOOHBA. 4. C/m:Cac t giac BMHO;HONC noi tiep. 5. C/m AMN vuong can. 1/C/m:OHO vuong: Do AHB=1v va O la tam ng tron noi tiep M O O N AHBO la giao iem ba ng phan giac cua tam B H C giacAHO=OHB=45o. Hnh Tng t AHO=OHC=45o. 36 OHO=45o+45o=90o. hay OHO vuong H. 2/C/m: HB.HO=HA.HO Do ABC vuong A va Phan giac cua hai goc trenOBH=OAH va OHB=OHA=45o. AHBCABH=CAH(cung phu HB OH = (1) pcm. HBOHAO vi goc C) ma OB;OA lan HA O ' H lt la 3/c/m HOOHBA. A T (1) canh HO va HO cua HOOt le vi cac cap canh cua HBA va goc xen gia BHA=OHO=1v HOOHBA. 4/C/m:BMOH nt:Do HOOHBAOOH=ABH ma OOH+MOH=2vMBH+MOH=2vpcm. C/m NCHO noi tiep: HOOHBA(cmt) va hai tam giac vuongHBA va HAC co goc nhon ABH=HAC(cung phu vi goc ABC) nenHBAHAC HOO HACOOH=ACH.Ma OOH=NOH=2v NCH+NOH=2v pcm. 5/C/m AMN vuong can:Do OMBH ntOMB+OHB=2v ma AMO+OMB=2vAMO=OHB ma OHB=45oAMO=45o.Do AMN vuong A co AMO=45o.AMN vuong can A.
HB HO HO ' HO = = (Tnh chat t le thc).Cac cap HA HO ' HA HB

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Bai 37: Cho na ng tron O,ng knh AB=2R,goi I la trung iem AO.Qua I dng ng thang vuong goc vi AB,ng nay cat na ng tron K.Tren IK lay iem C,AC cat (O) tai M;MB cat ng thang IK tai D.Goi giao iem cua IK vi tiep tuyen tai M la N. 1. C/m:AIMD noi tiep. 2. C?m CM.CA=CI.CD. 3. C/m ND=NC. 4. Cb cat AD tai E.C/m E nam tren ng tron (O) va C la tam ng tron noi tiep EIM. 5. Gia s C la trung iem IK.Tnh CD theo R. D 1/C/m AIMD noi tiep: S dung hai iem I;M cung lam vi hai au oan AD 2/c/m: CM.CA=CI.CD. C/m hai CMD va CAI ong dang. 3/C/m CD=NC: sNAM= A (goc gia tt va mot day) sMAB=
1 s cung AM 2 1 s cung AM 2

N K E I
Hnh

C O

37 Ma MBA=ACI(cung phu vi goc CAI);CAI=KCM( NAM=MAB )NCM+NMC NMC can NNC=NM. Do NMD+NMC=1v NCM+NDM=1v va NCM=NMC NDM=NMDNMD can NND=NMNC=ND(pcm) 4/C/m C la tam ng tron noi tiep EMI.Ta phai c/m C la giao iem 3 ng phan giac cua EMI (xem cau 3 bai 35) 5/Tnh CD theo R: Do KI la trung trc cua AOAKO can KKA=KO ma

KO=AO(ban knh) AKO la euKI=

R 3 4

R 3 2

CI=KC=

KI = 2

.Ap dung PiTaGo trong tam giac vuong ACI co:CA=

3R 2 R 2 R 7 CIABMA( hai tam giac vuong co + = 16 4 4 CA IA AB AI R R 7 = = goc CAI chung) MA= = 2R. : BA MA AC 2 4 CI 2 + AI 2 =

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4R 7 7 3R 3 . 4

MC=AM-AC=

9R 7 28

ap dung he thc cau 2CD=

Bai 38: Cho ABC.Goi P la mot iem nam trong tam giac sao cho goc PBA=PAC.Goi H va K lan lt la chan cac ng vuong goc ha t P xuong AB;AC. 1. C/m AHPK noi tiep. 2. C/m HB.KP=HP.KC. 3. Goi D;E;F lan lt la trung iem cua PB;PC;BC.Cmr:HD=EF; DF=EK 4. C/m:ng trung trc cua HK i qua F. 1/C/m AHPK noi tiep(s dung tong hai goc oi) 2/C/m: HB.KP=HP.KC H K C/m hai vuong HPB va P KPC ong dang. 3/C/m HD=FE: D E Do FE//DO va DF//EP (FE va FD la ng trung B F C cua PBC)DPEF la bnh hnh bnh hanh.DP=FE.Do Hnh 38 D la trung iem cua DH la trung tuyen cua vuong HBPHD=DPBP DH=FE C/m tng t co:DF=EK. 4/C/m ng trung trc cua HK i qua F. Ta phai C/m EF la ng trung trc cua HK.Hay can c/m FK=FH. Do HD=DP+DBHDP=2ABP(goc ngoai tam giac can ABP) Tng t KEP=2ACP HDP=KEP(1) Ma ABP=ACD(gt) Do PEFD la hnh bnh hanh(cmt)PDF=PEF(2) T (1) va (2)HDF=KEF ma HD=FE;KE=DFDHFEFK(cgc)FK=FH pcm. A

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Bai 39: Cho hnh bnh hanh ABCD(A>90o).T C ke CE;Cf;CG lan lt vuong goc vi AD;DB;AB. 1. C/m DEFC noi tiep. 2. C/m:CF2=EF.GF. 3. Goi O la giao iem AC va DB.Ke OICD.Cmr: OI i qua trung iem cua AG. 4. Chng to EOFG noi tiep. A E O F G B

J
Hnh 39

1/C/mDEFC noi tiep: (S dung hai iem E;F cung lam vi hai au oan thang CD). 2/C/m: CF2=EF.GF: Xet 2 ECF va CGF co: -Do DE FC ntFCE=FDE(cung chan cung FE);FDE=FBC(so le).Do GBCF nt (t c/m)FBC=FGC(cung chan cung FC)FGC=FCE. -Do GBCF ntGBF=GCF(cung chan cungG) ma GBF=FDC(so le).DoDEFC noi tiep FDC=FCE(cung chan cungC)FCG=FECECFCGFpcm. 3/C/m Oi i qua trung iem AG.Goi giao iem cua ng tron tam O ng knh AC la J Do AG//CJ va CGAGAGCJ la hnh ch nhat AG=CJ V OICJ nen I la trung iem CJ(ng knh vi 1 day)pcm.

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4/C/m EOFG noi tiep:Do CEA=AGC=1vAGCE nt trong (O)AOG=2GCE (goc nt bang na goc tam cung chan 1 cung;Va EAG+GCE=2v(2goc oi cua t giac nt).Ma ADG+ADC=2v(2goc oi cua hbh)EOG=2.ADC(1) Do DEFC ntEFD=ECD(cung chan cungDE);ECD=90o-EDC(2 goc nhon cua vuong EDC)( );Do GBCF ntGFB=GBC(cung chan cung GB);BCG=90o-GBC().T ()va()EFD+GFB=90oEDC+90o-GBC=180o-2ADC ma EFG=180o-(EFD+GFB)=180o180o+2ADC=2ADC(2) T (1) va (2)EOG=EFGEOFG nt.

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Bai 40: Cho hai ng tron (O) va (O) cat nhau A va B.Cac ng thang AO cat (O) lan lt C va D;ng thang AO cat (O) va (O) lan lt E va F. 1. C/m:C;B;F thang hang. 2. C/m CDEF noi tiep. 3. Chng to DA.FE=DC.EA 4. C/m A la tam ng tron noi tiep BDE. 5. Tm ieu kien e DE la tiep tuyen chung cua hai ng tron (O);(O)

D A O C I B

O F

1/C/m:C;B;F thang hang: Ta co:ABF=1v;ABC=1v(goc noi tiep chan na ng tron). ABC+ABF=2vC;B;F thang hang. 2/C/mCDEF noi tiep:Ta co AEF=ADC=1vE;D cung lam vi hai au oan CF pcm 3/C/m: DA.FE=DC.EA. Hai vuong DAC va EAF co DAC=EAF( ) DAC EAFpcm. 4/C/m A la tam ng tron ngoai tiep BDE.Ta phai c/m A la giao iem 3 ng phan giac cua DBE. (Xem cach c/m bai 35 cau 3) 5/e DE la tiep tuyen chung cua 2 ng tron can ieu kien la: Neu DE la tiep tuyen chung th ODDE va OEDE.V OA=OD AOD can OODA=OAD.Tng t OAE can OOAE=OEA.Ma OAE=OAD( ) ODO=OEOD va E cung lam vi hai au oan thangOO nhng goc bang nhauODEO nt ODE+EOO=2v.V DE la tt cua (O) va

Hnh 40

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(O)ODE=OED=1vEOO=1vODEO la hnh ch nhat DA=AO=OA=AE(t/c hcn) hay OA=OA. Vay e DE la tt chung cua hai ng tron th hai ng tron co ban knh bang nhau.(hai ng tron bang nhau) Bai 41: Cho (O;R).Mot cat tuyen xy cat (O) E va F.Tren xy lay iem A nam ngoai oan EF,ve 2 tiep tuyen AB va AC vi (O).Goi H la trung iem EF. 1. Chng to 5 iem:A;B;C;O;H cung nam tren mot ng tron. 2. ng thang BC cat OA I va cat ng thang OH K.C/m: OI.OA=OH.OK=R2. 3. Khi A di ong tren xy th I di ong tren ng nao? 4. C/m KE va KF la hai tiep tyuen cua (O) 1/ C/m:A;B;C;H;O cung nam tren mot ng tron: Ta co ABO=ACO(tnh F tiep y chat tuyen).V H l;a trung iem day FE nen OHFE (ng knh i qua trung iem 1 day) hay knh AO. K OHA=1v5 iem A;B;O;C;H cung nam tren ng tron ng knh AO. 2/C/m: OI.OA=OH.OK=R2 Do ABO vuong B co BI la ng cao.Ap dung he thc lng trong tam giac vuong ta co:OB2=OI.OA ;ma OB=R.OI.OA=R2.(1)

B O I A
Hnh 41

H C

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Xet hai vuong OHA va OIK co IOH chung.AHOKIO OI.OA=OH.OK (2). T (1) va (2)pcm. 4/C/m KE va KF la hai tt cua ung ton (O). -Xet hai EKO va EHO.Do OH.OK=R2=OE2
OH OE = OE OK OA OH = OK OI

va EOH

chung EOKHOE(cgc)OEK=OHE ma OHE=1vOEK=1v hay OEEK tai iem E nam tren (O)EK la tt cua (O) -c/m Bai 42: Cho ABC (AB<AC) co hai ng phan giac CM,BN cat nhau D.Qua A ke AE va AF lan lt vuong goc vi BN va CM.Cac ng thang AE va AF cat BC I;K. 1. C/m AFDE noi tiep. 2. C/m: AB.NC=BN.AB 3. C/m FE//BC 4. Chng to ADIC noi tiep. Chu y bai toan van ung khi AB>AC A

F M K B
Hnh 42

E D

1/C/m AFDE noi tiep.(Hs t c/m) 2/c/m: AB.NC=BN.AB

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Do D la giao iem cac ng phan giac BN va CM cuaABN

BD AB = (1) DN AN BD BC = (2) DN CN

Do CD la phan giac cua CBN T (1) va (2)

BC AB = pcm CN AN

3/c/M fe//bc: Do BE la phan giac cua ABI va BEAIBE la ng trung trc cua AI.Tng t CF la phan giac cua ACK va CFAKCF la ng trung trc cua AK E la F lan lt la trung iem cua AI va AK FE la ng trung bnh cua AKIFE//KI hay EF//BC. 4/C/m ADIC nt: Do AEDF ntDAE=DFE(cung chan cung DAI=DCI DE) ADIC noi Do FE//BCEFD=DCI(so le) tiep Bai 43: Cho ABC(A=1v);AB=15;AC=20(cung n v o o dai).Dng ng tron tam O ng knh AB va (O) ng knh AC.Hai ng tron (O) va (O) cat nhau tai iem th hai D. 1. Chng to D nam tren BC. 2. Goi M la iem chnh gia cung nho DC.AM cat DC E va cat (O) N. C/m DE.AC=AE.MC 3. C/m AN=NE va O;N;O thang hang. 4. Goi I la trung iem MN.C/m goc OIO=90 o. 5. Tnh dien tch tam giac AMC. 1/Chng to:D nam tren ng thang A BC:Do O N O ADB=1v;ADC=1v (goc nt chan na ng I tron) B D E C ADB+ADC=2v M Hnh D;B;C thang 43 -Tnh DB: Theo PiTaGo trong vuong ABC co: BC= hang. AC 2 + AB 2 = 15 2 + 20 2 = 25
.Ap dung he thc lng trong tam giac vuong ABC co: AD.BC=AB.ACAD=20.15:25=12

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2/C/m: DE.AC=AE.MC.Xet hai tam giac ADE va AMC.Co ADE=1v(cmt) va AMC=1v (goc nt chan na ng tron).Do cung MC=DB(gt) DAE=MAC(2 DA DE AE = = goc nt chan 2 cung bang nhau) DAEMAC MA MC AC (1)pcm. 3/C/m:AN=NE: 1 Do BAAO(ABC Vuong A)BA la tt cua (O)sBAE= s AM 2 1 SAED=s (MC+AD) ma cung MC=DMcung MC+AD=AM 2 AED =BAC BAE can B ma BMAENA=NE. C/m O;N;O thang hang:ON la ng TB cua ABEON//BE va OO//BE O;N;O thang hang. 4/Do OO//BC va cung MC=MD OMBCOMOONOM vuong O co OI la trung tuyen INO can IIOM=INO ma INO=ONA( );OAN can OONA=OANOAI=IOOOAOI ntOAO+OIO=2v ma OAO=1v OIO=1v. 1 AB 2 5/ Tnh dien tch AMC.Ta co SAMC= AM.MC .Ta co BD= = 9 DC=16 2 BC Ta lai co DA2=CD.BD=16.9AD=12;BE=AB=15DE=15-9=6AE=
AD 2 + DE 2 = 6 5

T(1) tnh AM;MC roi tnh S.

Bai 44:
Tren (O;R),ta lan lt at theo mot chieu,ke t iem A mot cung AB=60o, roi cung BC=90o va cung CD=120o. 1. C/m ABCD la hnh thang can. 2. Chng to ACDB. 3. Tnh cac canh va cac ng cheo cua ABCD. 4. Goi M;N la trung iem cac canh DC va AB.Tren DA keo dai ve pha A lay iem P;PN cat DB tai Q.C/m MN la phan giac cua goc PMQ.

P A
J N

I O D M

1/C/m:ABCD la hnh thang BC=90o K B can:Do cung BAC=45o (goc nt bang na cung b chan).do cung Q AB=60o;BC=90o;CD=120o AD=90o ACD=45o BAC=ACD=45o.AB//CD. V cung DAB=150o.Cung ABC =150o. BCD=CDA. ABCD la thang can. C E DB: 2/C/mAC Goi I la giao iem cua AC 1 va BD.sAID= s 2
cung(AD+BC)=180o=90o.ACDB. 3/Do cung AB=60oAOB=60oAOB la tam giac euAB=R.

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Hnh 44

Do cung BC=90o BOC=90o BOC vuong can OBC=AD=R

2 Do cung DK R 3 CD=120o DOC=120o.Ke OKCDDOK=60osin 60o= DK= . OD 2 CD=2DK=R 3

-Tnh AC:Do AIB vuong can I2IC2=AB2IA=AB

2 R 2 R 6 = Tng t IC= ; 2 2 2

R 2 R 6 (1 + 3) R 2 + = 2 2 2 4/PN cat CD tai E;MQ cat AB tai I;PM cat AB tai J. JN PN = Do JN//ME AN JN ME PE = AN PN DE ME = Do AN//DE DE PE NI NQ = Do NI//ME ME QE NI NB = NB NQ ME DE = NB//ME DE QE
AC = DB=IA+IC =

V NB=NA
JN NI = ME ME

NI=NJ.Ma MNAB(tc thang can)JMI can p MMN la phan giac

Bai45: Cho eu ABC co canh bang a.Goi D la giao iem hai ng phan giac goc A va goc B cua tam giacBC.T D dng tia Dx vuong goc vi DB.Tren Dx lay iem E sao cho ED=DB(D va E nam hai pha cua ng thang AB).T E ke EFBC. Goi O la trung iem EB. 1. C/m AEBC va EDFB noi tiep,xac nh tam va ban knh cua cac ng tron ngoai tiep cac t giac tren theo a. 2. Keo dai FE ve pha F,cat (D) tai M.EC cat (O) N.C/m EBMC la thang can.Tnh dien tch. 3. c/m EC la phan giac cua goc DAC. 4. C/m FD la ng trung trc cua MB. 5. Chng to A;D;N thang hang. 6. Tnh dien tch phan mat trang c tao bi cung nho EB cua hai ng tron.

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N O D

F M

1/Do ABC la tam giac eu co D la giao iem 2 ng phan giac goc A va BBD=DA=DC ma DB=DEA;B;E;C cach eu DAEBC nt trong (D). Tnh DB.Ap dung cong thc tnh ban knh cua ng tron
AB AB = = a 3 o 180 2 sin 60 o ngoai tiep a giac eu ta co: DB= 2 Sin 3 n

Do goc EDB=EFB=1vEDFB noi tiep trong ng tron tam O ng knh EB.Theo Pi Ta Go trong tam giac vuong EDB co:EB2=2ED2=2.( EB=
a 6 3 a 3 3 a 6 6

)2.

OE=

2/C/m EBMC la thang can: Goc EDB=90o la goc tam (D) chan cung EBCung EB=90ogoc ECN=45o.EFC vuong can FFEC=45oMBC=45o(=MEC=45o) EFC=CBM=45oBM//EC.Ta co FBM vuong can FBC=EM EBMC la thang can. Do EBMC la thang can co hai ng cheo vuong gocSEBMC= 3/C/m EC la phan giac cua goc DCA: Ta co ACB=60o;ECB=45oACE=15o. Do BD;DC la phan giac cua eu ABC DCB=ACD=30o va ECA=15o ECD=15o ECA=ECDEC la phan giac cua goc ECA. 4/C/m FD la ng trung trc cua MB:
1 1 BC.EM (BC=EM=a)SEBMC= a2. 2 2

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Do BED=BEF+FED=45o va FEC=FED+DEC=45oBEF=DEC va DEC=DCE=15o.Ma BE F=BDF(cung chan cung BF) va NED=NBD(cung chan cung ND)NBD=BDFBN//DF ma BNEC(goc nt chan na ung tron (O) DF EC.Do DC//BM(v BMCE la hnh thang can)DFBM nhmg BFM vuong can FFD la ng trung trc cua MB. 5/C/m:A;N;D thang hang: Ta co BND=BED=45 o (cung chan cung DB) va ENB=90o(cmt);ENA la goc ngoai ANCENA=NAC+CAN=45o ENA+ENB+BND=180oA;N;D thang hang. 6/Goi dien tch mat trang can tnh la:S. Ta co:

S =Sna (O)-S vien phan EDB

2

S(O)=.OE =.( S
quat EBD=

a 6 6
2 o

1 a 2 = 6 S 2
2

a 2 (O)= 12
a 2 12

BD .90 a 6 = 4 6 o 360

SEBD=

1 a2 DB2= 2 6

Svien phan=S quat EBD - SEDB=

a 2 ( 2) a 2 a 2 = 12 6 12

a 2 a 2 ( 2) a2 = 12 = 6 . 12

Bai 46:
Cho na ng tron (O) ng knh BC.Goi a la mot iem bat ky tren na ng tron;BA keo dai cat tiep tuyen Cy F.Goi D la iem chnh gia cung AC;DB keo dai cat tiep tuyen Cy tai E. 1. C/m BD la phan giac cua goc ABC va OD//AB. 2. C/m ADEF noi tiep. 3. Goi I la giao iem BD va AC.Chng to CI=CE va IA.IC=ID.IB. 4. C/m goc AFD=AED

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F * C/mBD la phan 1/ giac cua goc A ABC:Do cung F AD=DC(gt)ABD= D E A DBC(hai goc nt I chan hai cung bang nhau)BD la B O C giac cua phan goc ABC. Hnh *Do cung AD=DC 47 goc AOD=DOC(2 Hay OD la phan giac cua can AOC ODbang AC. OD//BA cung nhau th V BAC la goc nt chan na ng tron BA AC hai goc tam 2/C/m ADEF noi tiep: bang nhau). Do ADB=ACB(cung chan cung AB) ADB=AFE Do ACB=BFC(cung phu vi goc ABC) Ma ADB+ADE=2vAFE+ADE=2vADEF noi tiep. 3/C/m: *CI=CE: Ta co:s DCA=
1 1 s cung AD(goc nt chan cung AD) S ECD= 2 2

s cung DC (goc gia tt va 1 day) Ma cung AD=DCDCA=ECD hay CD la phan giac cua ICE.Nhng CDDB (goc nt chan na t)CD va la ng cao,va la phan giac cua ICEICE can CIC=CE. *C/m IADIBC(co DAC=DBC cung chan cung DC) 4/T c/m:

Bai47: Cho na tron (O);ng knh AD.Tren na ng tron lay hai iem B va C sao cho cung AB<AC.AC cat BD E.Ke EFAD tai F. 1. C/m:ABEF nt. 2. Chng to DE.DB=DF.DA. 3. C/m:I la tam ng tron noi tiep CJD. 4. Goi I la giao iem BD vi CF.C/m BI2=BF.BC-IF.IC

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B E A
Hnh 47

1/S dung tong hai goc oi. C 2/c/m: DE.DB=DF.DA Xet hai tam giac vuong BDA va FDE co goc D chung. M BDAFDEpcm. 3/C/m D IE la tam ng tron ngoai tiep FBC: Xem cau 3 bai 35. 4/ C/m: BI2=BF.BC-IF.IC

Goi M la trung iem ED. *C/m:BCMF noi tiep: V FM la trung tuyen cua tam giac vuong FEDFM=EM=MD= MMFD=MDF va EM F=MFD+MDF=2MDF(goc ngoai MFD) V CA la phan giac cua goc BCF2ACF=BCF.Theo cmt th MDF=ACF BMF=BCFBCMF noi tiep. *Ta co BFMBIC v FBM=CBI(BD la phan giac cua FBC-cmt) va BMF=BCI(cmt) chan cung CM)
BF BM = BF.BC=BM.BI BI BC 1 EDCac tam giac FEM;MFD can 2

* IFMIBC v BIC=FIM().Do BCMF noi tiepCFM=CBM(cung

IB IC = IC.IF=IM.IB FI IM

Lay tr ve theo ve BF.BC-IF.IC=BM.IB-IM.IB=IB.(BM-IM)=BI.BI=BI2.

Bai 48: Cho (O) ng knh AB;P la mot iem di ong tren cung AB sao cho PA<PB. Dng hnh vuong APQR vao pha trong ng tron.Tia PR cat (O) tai C. 1. C/m ACB vuong can.

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2. Ve phan giac AI cua goc PAB(I nam tren(O);AI cat PC tai J.C/m 4 iem J;A;Q;B cung nam tren mot ng tron. 3. Chng to: CI.QJ=CJ.QP. 4. RR 1/ C/mABC vuong can: Ta co ACB=1v(goc nt I chan na t) Va P APB=1v ;Do APQR la hvuong co PC la ng J Q cheo PC la pg cua B O goc APB cung AC=CB A R day AC=CB ABC vuong can. 2/C/m JANQ noi tiep: C V APJ=JPQ=45o.(t/c hv);PJ chung;AP=PQPAJ=QPJ Hnh goc PAJ=PQJ ma 48 JAB=PAJ va PQJ+JQB=2v 3/C/m: CI.QJ=CJ.QP. JAB+JQB=2vJQBA nt. Ta can chng minh CIJQPJ v AIC=APC(cung chan cung AC) va APC=JPQ=45oJIC=QPJ Hn na PCI=IAP( cung chan cung PI);IAP=PQJ(cmt) PQJ=ICJ 4/

Bai 49: Cho na (O) ng knh AB=2R.Tren na ng tron lay iem M sao cho cung AM<MB.Tiep tuyen vi na ng tron tai M cat tt Ax va By lan lt D va C.

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1. Chng to ADMO noi tiep. 2. Chng to AD.BC=R2. 3. ng thang DC cat ng thang AB tai N;MO cat Ax F;MB cat Ax E. Chng minh:AMFN la hnh thang can. 4. Xac nh v tr cua M tren na ng tron e DE=EF F
Hnh 49

E M D N A O

1/C/m ADMO nt:S dung tong hai goc oi. 2/C/m: AD.BC=R2. C/m:DOC vuong O: Theo tnh chat hai tt cat nhau ta co ADO=MDO MOD=DOA.Tng t MOC=COB.Ma : MOD+DOA+MOC+COB=2v AOD+COB=DOM+MOC=1v hay DOC=1v. Ap dung he thc lng trong tam giac vuong DOC co OM la ng cao ta co:DM.MC=OM2.Ma DM=AD;MC=CB(t/c hai tt cat nhau) va OM=R pcm. 3/Do AD=MD(t/c hai tt cat nhau)va ADO=ODM OD la ng trung trc cua AM hay DOAM. V FAON;NMFO(t/c tt) va FA cat MN tai D D la trc tam cua FNODOFN.Vay AM//FN. V OAM can OOAM=OMA.Do AM//FN FNO=MAO va AMO=NFO FNO=NFO vay FNAM la thang can. 4/Do DE=FE nen EM la trung tuyen cua vuong FDMED=EM. V DMA=DAM va DMA+EMD=1v;DAM+DEM=1vEDM=DEM hay EDM can D hay DM=DE.T va EDM la eu ODM=60oAOM=60o.Vay M nam v tr sao cho cung AM=1/3 na ng tron.

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Bai 50: Cho hnh vuong ABCD,E la mot iem thuoc canh BC.Qua B ke ng thang vuong goc vi DE ,ng nay cat cac ng thang DE va DC theo th t H va K. 1. Chng minh:BHCD nt. 2. Tnh goc CHK. 3. C/m KC.KD=KH.KB. 4. Khi E di ong tren BC th H di ong tren ng nao? A D 1/ C/m BHCD nt(S dung H va C cung lam vi hai au oan thang DB) 2/Tnh goc CHK: Do BDCE nt DBC=DHK(cung chan cung DC) ma DBC=45o (tnh Cchat hnh vuong)DHC=45o ma DHK=1v(gt)CHK=45o. K 3/C/m KC.KD=KH.KB. Chng minh hai tam giac vuong

B H
Hnh 50

KCB va KHD ong dang. 4/Do BHD=1v khong oi E di chuyen tren BC th H di ong tren ng tron ng knh DB.

Het phan I
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