CHNG I

Tng quan v thng mi in t v dch v tin nhn SMS

I.1. Lch s pht trin v hnh thnh mng Internet S ra i v pht trin ca Internet: +1962: tng u tin v mng kt ni cc my tnh vi nhau (J.C.R. Licklider) +1965: Mng gi cc d liu c chia thnh tng gi nh (packet), i theo cc tuyn ng khc nhau v kt hp li ti im n (Donald Dovies). Lawrence G. Roberts kt ni mt my tnh Massachussetts vi mt my tnh khc Massachesst qua ng dy in thoi. +Nm 1967: ng ny xut tng mng ARPANET -Advanced Research Project Agency Network ti mt hi ngh Michigan, cng ngh chuyn gi tin-packet switching technology em li li ch to ln khi nhiu my tnh c th chia s thng tin vi nhau, pht trin mng my tnh th nghim ca B quc phng M theo tng mng ARPANET. +Nm 1969: Mng ny c a vo hot ng v l tin thn ca mng Internet, Internet -lin mng bt u xut hin khi nhiu mng c kt ni vi nhau. +Nm 1972: Th in t bt u c s dng (Ray Tomlinson). +Nm 1973: ARPANET ln u tin c kt ni ra nc ngoi ti trng i hc London. +Nm 1984: Giao thc chuyn gi tin TCP/IP (Transmision Control Protocol v v Internet Protocol) tr thnh giao thc chun ca Internet, v t th h thng cc tn min DNS (Domain Name System) ra i phn bit cc my ch v c chia lm 6 loi chnh: - .edu(education) : cho lnh vc gio dc - .gov(government) : thuc chnh ph - .mil(miltary) : cho lnh vc qun s - .com(commercial) cho lnh vc thng mi - .org(organization) cho cc t chc - .net(network resources) cho cc mng + Nm 1990: ARPANET ngng hot ng, Internet chuyn sang giai on mi. + Nm 1991: Ngn ng siu vn bn HTML (HyperText Markup Language) ra i cng vi giao thc truyn siu vn bn HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), Internet thc s tr thnh cng c c lc vi hng lot cc dch mi.

WWW ( World wide web) ra i em li cho ngi dng kh nng tham chiu t mt vn bn n nhiu vn bn khc, chuyn t c s d liu ny sang c s d liu khc vi hnh thc hp dn v ni dung phong ph. Internet v web: L hai cng c quan trng nht ca thng mi in t, gip cho thng mi in t pht trin v hot ng hiu qu. Mng Internet c s dng rng ri t nm 1994. Cng ty Netscape ng dng vo thng 5 nm 1995. Cng ty Amazon.com ra i vo thng 5 nm 1997. Cng ty IBM tung ra chin dch qung co kinh doanh in t nm 1997. T s pht trin mnh m ca mng Internet to ra s hnh thnh v pht trin ca thng mi in t. I.2. Thng mi in t I.2.1. Khi nim thng mi in t I.2.1.1. Khi nim v thng mi in t theo ngha hp: - Thng mi in t l cc giao dch thng mi hng ha v dch v c thc hin thng qua cc phng tin in t ( Din n i thoi xuyn i Ty Dng , 1997). - Thng mi in t l vic thc hin cc giao dch kinh doanh c dn ti vic chuyn giao gi tr thng qua cc mng vin thng (EITO, 1997). - Thng mi in t l vic hon thnh bt k mt giao dch no thng qua mt mng my tnh lm trung gian m bao gm vic chuyn giao quyn s hu hay quyn s dng hng ho v dch v (Cc thng k Hoa K, 2000) I.2.1.2. Khi nim thng mi in t theo ngha rng - Thng mi in t l ton b chu trnh v cc hot ng kinh doanh lin quan n cc t chc hay c nhn. - Thng mi in t l vic tin hnh hot ng thng mi s dng cc phng tin in t v cng ngh x l thng tin s ho. - UNCITAD, 1998: Thng mi in t bao gm vic sn xut, phn phi, marketing, bn hay giao hng ho v dch v bng cc phng tin in t. EU: Thng mi in t bao gm cc giao dch thng mi thng qua cc mng vin thng v s dng cc phng tin in t. N bao gm thng mi in t gin tip (trao i hng ho hu hnh) v thng mi in t trc tip (trao i hng ho v hnh). Thng mi in t cng c hiu l hot ng kinh doanh in t, bao gm: mua bn in t hng ho, dch v, giao hng trc tip trn mng vi cc ni dung s ho c, chuyn tin in t - EFT (electronic fund transfer), mua bn c phn in t - EST (electronic share trading), vn n in t - E B/L (electronic bill of lading), u gi thng mi -Commercial auction, hp tc thit k v sn xut, tm kim cc

ngun lc trc tuyn, mua sm trc tuyn Online procurement, marketing trc tip, dch v khch hng sau khi bn... OECD: Thng mi in t gm cc giao dch thng mi lin quan n cc t chc v c nhn da trn vic x l v truyn i cc d kin c s ho thng qua cc mng m (nh Internet) hoc cc mng ng c cng thng vi mng m (nh AOL). UN: a ra nh ngha y nht cc nc c th tham kho lm chun, to c s xy dng chin lc pht trin thng mi in t ph hp: + Phn nh cc bc THNG MI IN T, theo chiu ngang: thng mi in t l vic thc hin ton b hot ng kinh doanh bao gm marketing, bn hng, phn phi v thanh ton (MSDP) thng qua cc phng tin in t. + Phn nh gc qun l Nh nc, theo chiu dc:thng mi in t bao gm: - C s h tng cho s pht trin thng mi in t - Thng ip - Cc quy tc c bn - Cc quy tc ring trong tng lnh vc - Cc ng dng M hnh IMBSA cp n cc lnh vc cn xy dng pht trin thng mi in t. WTO: Thng mi in t bao gm vic sn xut, qungco, bn hng v phn phi sn phm c mua bn v thanh ton trn mng Internet, nhng c giao nhn c th hu hnh hoc giao nhn quan internet di dng s ho. OECD: Thng mi in t l vic lm kinh doanh thng qua mng Internet, bn nhng hng ho v dch v c th c phn phi khng thng qua mng hoc nhng hng ho c th m ho bng k thun s v c phn phi thng qua mng hoc khng thng qua mng. AEC (Association for Electronic Commerce): Thng mi in t l lm kinh doanh c s dng cc cng c in t, nh ngha ny rng, coi hu ht cc hot ng kinh doanh t n gin nh mt c in thoi giao dch n nhng trao i thng tin EDI phc tp u l thng mi in t. UNCITRAL(UN Conference for International Trade Law ): Lut mu v Thng mi in t (UNCITRAL Model Law on lectronic Commerce, 1996): Thng mi in t l vic trao i thng tin thng mi thng qua cc phng tin in t, khng cn phi in ra giy bt c cng on no ca ton b qu trnh giao dch. Thng tin c hiu l bt c th g c th truyn ti bng k thun in t, bao gm c th t, cc file vn bn, cc c s d liu, cc bn tnh, cc bn thit k, hnh ho, qung co, hi hng, n hng, ho n, bng gi, hp ng, hnh nh ng, m thanh... Thng mi c hiu theo ngha rng bao qut mi vn ny sinh t mi mi quan h mang tnh thng mi, d c hay khng c hp ng. Cc mi quan h mang tnh thng mi bao gm, nhng khng ch bao gm, cc giao dch sau y: bt c giao dch no v cung cp hoc trao i hng ho hoc dch v; i din hoc i l

thng mi; u thc hoa hng; cho thu di hn; xy dng cc cng trnh; t vn; k thut cng trnh; u t cp vn; ngn hng; bo him; tho thun khai thc hoc t nhng; lin doanh v cc hnh thc khc v hp tc cng nghip hoc kinh doanh; chuyn ch hng ho hay hnh khch bng ng bin, ng khng, ng st hoc ng b. I.2.2. Bn cht ca thng mi in t. + Thng mi in t: gm ton b cc chu trnh v cc hot ng kinh doanh ca cc t chc v c nhn c thc hin thng qua cc phng tin in t. + Thng mi in t phi c xy dng trn mt nn tng vng chc v c s h tng (bao gm c s h tng v kinh t, cng ngh, php l v ngun nhn lc). I.23. Cc c trng ca thng mi in t. + Cc bn tin hnh giao dch trong thng mi in t khng tip xc trc tip vi nhau v khng i hi phi bit nhau t trc . + Cc giao dch thng mi truyn thng c thc hin vi s tn ti ca khi nim bin gii quc gia, cn thng mi in t c thc hin trong mt th trng khng c bin gii (th trng thng nht ton cu). Thng mi in t trc tip tc ng ti mi trng cnh tranh ton cu. + Trong hot ng giao dch thng mi in t u c s tham ra ca t nht ba ch th, trong c mt bn khng th thiu c l ngi cung cp dch v mng, cc c quan chng thc + i vi thng mi truyn thng th mng li thng tin ch l phng tin trao i d liu, cn i vi thng mi in t th mng li thng tin chnh l th trng. Tm li, trong thng mi in t bn cht ca thng tin khng thay i. Thng mi in t ch bin i cch thc khi to, trao i, bo qun v x l thng tin, hon ton khng thay i nhng chc nng c bn ca thng tin i vi cc bn tham gia truyn thng ca hp ng. I.2.4. Cc hnh thc ch yu ca thng mi in t I.2.4.1. Th in t Cc doanh nghip, cc c quan Nh nc,.. s dng th in t gi th cho nhau mt cch trc tuyn thng qua mng, gi l th in t (electronic mail, vit tt l email).Thng tin trong th in t khng phi tun theo mt cu trc nh trc no. I.2.4.2. Thanh ton in t

Thanh ton in t (electronic payment) l vic thanh ton tin thng qua bn tin in t (electronic message) thay cho vic giao dch dng tin mt; v d, tr lng bng cch chuyn tin trc tip vo ti khon, tr tin mua hng bng th mua hng, th tn dng v.v.. thc cht u l dng thanh ton in t. Ngy nay, vi s pht trin ca thng mi in t, thanh ton in t m rng sang cc lnh vc mi. a. Trao i d liu in t ti chnh (Financial Electronic Data Interchange, gi tt l FEDI) chuyn phc v cho vic thanh ton in t gia cc cng ty giao dch vi nhau bng in t. b. Tin mt Internet (Internet Cash) l tin mt c mua t mt ni pht hnh (ngn hng hoc mt t chc tn dng no ), sau c chuyn i t do sang cc ng tin khc thng qua Internet, p dng trong c phm vi mt nc cng nh gia cc quc gia (digital cash). c. Ti tin in t (electronic purse); cn gi l v int l ni tin mt Internet, ch yu l th thng minh (smart card), cn gi l th gi tin (stored value card), tin c tr cho bt k ai c c th ; k thut ca ti tin in t tng t nh k thut p dng cho tin mt Internet. Giao dch ngn hng s ha (digital banking), giao dch chng khon s ha (digital securities trading). H thng thanh ton in t ca ngn hng l mt h thng ln gm nhiu h thng nh: (1)Thanh ton gia ngn hng vi khch hng (2) Thanh ton gia ngn hng vi cc i l thanh ton (nh hng, siu th,) (3) Thanh ton ni b mt h thng ngn hng (4) Thanh ton gia h thng ngn hng ny vi h thng ngn hng khc. I.2.4.3. Trao i d liu in t Trao i d liu in t (electronic data interchange, vit tt l EDI) l vic trao i cc d liu di dng c cu trc (stuctured form), (c cu trc ngha l cc thng tin trao i c vi cc i tc tha thun vi nhau tun th theo mt khun dng no ) t my tnh in t ny sang my tnh in t khc, gia cc cng ty hoc n v tha thun bun bn vi nhau, theo cch ny s t ng ha hon ton khng cn c s can thip ca con ngi. Theo y ban lin hp quc v lut thng mi quc t (UNCITRAL), vic trao i d liu in t c xc nh nh sau: Trao i d liu in t (EDI) l vic chuyn giao thng tin t my tnh in t ny sang my tnh in t khc bng phng tin in t, c s dng mt tiu chun c tha thun cu trc thng tin. Thng mi in t c c tnh phi bin gii (Cross - border electronic commerce), v bn cht phi bin gii l trao i d liu in t (EDI) gia cc doanh nghip cc quc gia khc nhau, cng vic trao i EDI thng l cc ni dung sau: 1/ Giao dch kt ni 2/ t hng 3/ Giao dch gi hng 4/ Thanh ton

I.2.4.4. Truyn dung liu Dung liu (content) l ni dung ca hng ha, m khng phi l bn thn vt mang ni dung ; v d nh: Tin tc, nhc phim, cc chng trnh pht thanh, truyn hnh, cc chng trnh phn mm, cc kin t vn, v my bay, v xem phim, xem ht, hp ng bo him, v.v.. Trc y, dung liu c trao i di dng hin vt. Ngy nay, dung liu c s ha v truyn gi theo mng, gi l giao gi s ha (digital delivery). 1.2.4.5. Bn l hng ha hu hnh n nay, danh sch cc hng ha bn l qua mng m rng, t hoa ti qun o, t v xut hin mt loi hot ng gi l mua hng in t (electronic shopping), hay mua hng trn mng; mt s nc, Internet bt u tr thnh cng c cnh tranh bn l hng hu hnh (Retail of tangible goods). Tn dng tnh nng a phng tin (multimedia) ca mi trng Web v Java, ngi bn xy dng trn mng cc ca hng o (virtual shop), gi l o bi v, ca hng c tht nhng ta ch xem ton b quang cnh ca hng v cc hng ha cha trong trn tng trang mn hnh mt. c th mua - bn hng, khch hng tm trang Web ca ca hng, xem hng ha hin th trn mn hnh, xc nhn mua v tr tin bng thanh ton in t. Lc u (giai on mt), vic mua bn nh vy cn dng s khai: ngi mua chn hng ri t hng thng qua mu n (form) cng t ngay trn Web. Nhng c trng hp mun la chn gia nhiu loi hng cc trang Web khc nhau (ca cng mt ca hng) th hng ha miu t nm mt trang, n t hng li nm trang khc, gy ra nhiu phin toi. khc phc, giai on hai, xut hin loi phn mm mi, cng vi hng ha ca ca hng trn mn hnh c thm phn xe mua hng (shopping cart, shopping trolly), gi mua hng (shopping basket, shopping bag) ging nh gi mua hng hay xe mua hng tht m ngi mua thng dng khi vo ca hng siu th. Xe v gi mua hng ny i theo ngi mua sut qu trnh chuyn t trang Web ny n trang Web khc chn hng, khi tm c hng va , ngi mua n phm Hy b vo gi ( Put in into shopping bag); cc xe hay gi mua hng ny c nhim v t ng tnh tin (k c thu, cc vn chuyn) thanh ton vi khch mua. V hng ha l hu hnh, nn tt yu sau ca hng phi dng ti cc phng tin gi hng theo kiu truyn thng a hng n tay ngi tiu dng. I.3. Thc trng pht trin Thng mi in t trn Th gii v Vit nam Tnh hnh pht trin Thng mi in t trn th gii H tng c s cng ngh thng mi in t: Ni dung Thng mi in t nhn t pha CNTT Cng ngh Web

Thit k ng dng web Thit k ng dng thng mi in t Thng mi in t nhn t pha CNTT Thng mi in t phi c xy dng trn mt nn tng c s h tng (bao gm c s h tng v kinh t, cng ngh, php l v ngun nhn lc) C s h tng cng ngh ca Thng mi in t l cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng. Thng mi in t l mt ng dng cng ngh web trong cc chu trnh v cc hot ng kinh doanh trc tuyn. Thng mi in t l mt b phn ca h thng thng tin doanh nghip H thng thng tin Thng tin l ti nguyn ca t chc Phn mm ng dng & phn mm h thng ng dng desktop & ng dng web Khi nim cng ngh phn mm i cng v h thng thng tin H thng thng tin thng c chia thnh cc loi nh sau: H thng x l giao dch (Transaction Processing Systems). H thng qun tr thng tin (Management Information Systems). H thng h tr ra quyt nh (Decision Support Systems). H chuyn gia (Expert Systems). Chu k sng ca h thng C th phn chia cc giai on pht trin h thng thng tin da trn chu k sng ca pht trin h thng (System Development Life Cycle) gm by giai on: 1. Xc nh vn , c hi v mc tiu 2. Xc nh cc yu cu thng tin 3. Phn tch xut h thng 4. Thit k h thng mi 5. Trin khai phn mm 6. Kim nh h thng 7. Ci t v nh gi h thng Xc nh vn , c hi v mc tiu Xc nh vn cn s gip ca h thng thng tin C hi l nhng tnh th c th cho php s dng h thng thng tin tng tnh cnh tranh. Xc nh mc tiu tr li cu hi cn phi lm nhng g ?

Xc nh cc yu cu thng tin Xc nh cc yu cu thng tin m ngi dng h thng a ra Kt qu giai on ny l bo co chc nng tng th cng nh tng b phn Cc kt qu ny cn c s thng nht ca ngi s dng v c vit dng ph thng d hiu. Phn tch xut h thng Xc nh s dng d liu Xc nh s x l quyt nh Kt qu giai on ny l mt xut h thng mi tng hp nhng g phn tch, cung cp phn tch chi ph ca nhiu phng n gii php, v mt xut gii php ti u. Thit k h thng mi Thit k logic Thit k biu mu v mn hnh Thit k s thc th - quan h Thit k c s d liu Thit k u ra trn mn hnh, my in, a cng Kt qu giai on ny l mt ti liu m t chi tit cc trang mn hnh vo-ra, cc s , cc bng ca c s d liu cng vi th tc kim tra tnh ng n ca d liu. Trin khai phn mm Thit k cc s khi hoc siu th tc Cit cc m lnh Loi b cc sai st Kt qu giai on ny l h thng chng trnh ci t, cng vi t liu lp trnh m t chi tit cc thut gii, th tc, hng dn s dng, gip trc tuyn. Kim nh h thng Vic kim nh thng qua cc d liu gi nh v theo hai phng php: kim nh tng b phn v kim nh theo chc nng. Kim nh b phn bo m tng m un khng c sai st Kim nh chc nng nhm bo m chc nng chy thng sut. Ci t v nh gi h thng Cit ti v tr ngi dng o to ngi dng i cc tp tin ang c thnh cc tp tin c s d liu nh gi h thng: phi tha mn nhng yu cu t ra Cng ngh web H thng thng tin da trn web l h thng c thit k da trn: Ccdch v internet, ch yu dng trnh duyt web (browser) pha ngi dng;

 Dng m hnh client-server thit k cc ng dng pha client v pha server Cng ngh phn mm da trn web cn gi l cng ngh web. Cng ngh client-server Data Binding ng dng client-side ng dng server-side Cng ngh client-server Client/server l m hnh mng trong my ch x l cc yu cu t my khch. Thit k multi-tier: Mt ng dng c 3 nhim v nhp d liu, ghi nh d liu, x l d liu. Do ngi ta chia ra lm 3 tier (hoc nhiu tier) Client Tier Giao din ngi dng hay lp trnh din Middle Tier Cc thnh phn m phng logic ca t chc (ASP) Third Tier H thng qun tr C s d liu (DBMS) Data binding cho php a d liu t bn ngoi chn vo trong trang web D liu c th ly t cc bin, cc trng, biu mu, c s d liu Dng data binding, c th qun tr d liu t xa ngay trong trnh duyt ng dng client-side Ccng dng trong phm vi my client, c h tr bi trnh duyt. C th dng cc phn t HTML: text, images, multimedia, script, ng dng client-side khng x l y tnh nng ca mt h ng dng ng dng server-side l ct li ca h ng dng, n bao gm thu nhn yu cu ca client, thc hin cc x l v tr li kt qu cho client Cng ngh: CGI, ASP, PHP, JSP, Trin khai ng dng web Cn thc hin quy trnh thit k theo chu k pht trin h thng thng tin. S dng nhng cng c trin khai thng dng Xc nh vn , c hi v mc tiu Vn : Tng li nhun C hi: dng mt trang web, mt din n, mt sn giao dch, mt ca hng o, Mc tiu: nhm tng lng khch hng, tng cht lng phc v khch hng, vi hy vng tip th hiu qu v kinh t Xc nh cc yu cu thng tin Nu lp trang web th cc yu cu c th l: Gii thiu cng ty, cc u mi lin h, cch tip xc Hin th cc loi sn phm ca cng ty Hin th chi tit sn phm Cho php khch hng c kin v sn phm v phc v ca cng ty

Phn tch xut h thng Phn tch thit b (phn cng, phn mm) cn c, nhng chi ph tc thi v chi ph thng xuyn (nh tn min, hosting,c s d liu,) Phn tch thit k (cc phng n) Phn tch nhng u im ca trang web v vic tng doanh thu do tng lng khch hng d kin Thit k h thng mi Cc biu mu vo-ra trn mn hnh Phng thc x l qua c s d liu Xydng s thc th quan h v thit k c s d liu Mt cc bng, trng v cch thc kim tra tnh ng dn ca d liu Trin khai phn mm Dng cc cng c trin khai ng dng : Microsoft Frontpage Macromedia Dreamweaver Kim nh h thng ng dng web i hi phi kim nh c pha client v pha server. Kim nh d liu nhp Loi b nhng lin kt khng xc nh Ci t v nh gi h thng Bn giao ng dng web cho cng ty trn c s: Cng ty c th t m nhn vic qun tr trang web Cng ty t cp nht trang web, x l nhng yu cu khch hng Theo di lu lng truy cp trang web Xut bn ng dng web Vi ng dng web th l vic a ln mng (LAN, INTERNET) ton b site thit k Site phi c t trn mt Web Server ng dng c th cn nhiu Server nh mail server, ftp server,

I.4. Nhn xt v thng mi in t hin ti v nhng gii php Trong tng trng ca nn kinh t trong nc v trn th gii, mng li c s h tng vin thng pht trin mnh m . S pht trin vt bc ca h thng vin thng trong nc c bit trong lnh vc cung cp dch v Internet v mng di ng m ra nhng hng i mi trong vic tip cn m rng th trng. Hng lot cc gii php Maketing, cc chin dch qung co, cc dch v gi tr gia tng i km pht trin n r nh mng li Internet v Mobile tri rng khp c nc vi cht lng ngy cng c nng cao. Mt ngi nh, chu du khp y trn mng, tm kim nhng mt hng c o th v ri t hng mua v ang ngy cng tr nn thn quen i vi ngi Vit Nam, c bit i vi tr. Bn cng th ti v nhng on nhc hay, nhng hnh logo yu thch, hay theo di nhng kt qu trn i ch vi chic mobile xinh xn ca mnh. Hng lot nhng trang Web rao vt, trn ng ti tt thng tin v cc mt hng m ngi mua v ngi ang tm kim. Ch vi my ci nhy chut l bn c th tm ra th m mnh yu cu. Tht l tuyt vi trong mt kinh t pht trin n rng nh ng dng nhng tin ch tin tin nht trong lnh vc vin thng. Di y ti xin lin k nhng trang Web hng u trong lnh vc thng mi in t: Xp hng Website thng mi in t thng 6 nm 2006 B2C megabuy.com.vn vdctravel.vnn.vn vnet.com.vn btsplaza.com.vn tienphongvdc.com.vn vdcsieuthi.vnn.vn golmart.com.vn golbook.com chibaoshop.com sinhcafe.com.vn C2C chodientu.vn heya.com.vn 1001shoppings.com saigondaugia.com aha.com.vn B2B e-marketplace ecvn.gov.vn vnemart.com omgophatdat.com mvietoffer.com thuonghieuviet.com

y: B2C: site gia doanh nghip vi ngi tiu dng. C2C: site gia ngi tiu dng vi ngi tiu dng. B2B: site gia doanh nghip vi doanh nghip. Ti xin miu t ngn gn ca mt site in hnh trong vic cung cp thng tin trao i bun bn gia khch hng vi khch hng l trang www.chodientu.vn V c bn trc khi tham d vo trang Web bn cn ng k thnh vin: Nhng thng tin v c nhn, a ch lin lc, s in thoi l nhng thng tin cn thit v rt

hu ch cho nh qun tr cng nh bn trong vic tip xc, trao i gia bn v cng ng ngi tham gia. Trang Web www.chodientu.vn c y phn tr gip cng nh gii p nhng kh khn thc mc ca ngi dng. Sau khi ng k xong bn c th tn hng nhng iu tuyt vi m trang Web mang li. Giao din v chc nng ca Website www.chodientu.vn Trang Web www.chodientu.vn c giao din rt d s dng. Ch cn bn l ngi c kin thc bnh thng cng c th s dng mt cch bnh thng. Trang Web cung cp cho bn nhng tab: Xem hng: Ni y bn c th xem nhng mt hng c rao bt trn mng, nhng thng tin chi tit ca mt hng, a ch lin h, ni c th mua c. ng bn: Ni bn c th ng tin nhng mt hng bn cn bn, hoc bn cng c th ng k m mt gian hng u gi. Nhng hot ng ny c th hon ton min ph hoc bn phi tr mt ph nho nh no ty thuc vo quy m gian hng ca bn. C nhn: Ni bn qun l thng tin c nhn ca mnh. iu m bo nhng li ch cho bn cng nh thng tin cn thit lin lc v gii quyt khi c nhng tranh chp xy ra. Cng ng: Ni bn c th tm hiu, trao i thng tin vi bn b, i tc cng nh nhiu yu t khc bn c th tm kim, tham kho, chn la nhng mt hng tt nht cho mnh. Thng hiu: Ni y cung cp cho bn ng link n cc gian hng cung cp cc mt hng cho s la chn ca bn. Tt c cc mt hng c phn loi theo chng loi, theo cng dng m bo cho khch hng c th tm thy nhng thng tin cn thit v nhanh nht. Trang Web cung cung cp tm kim thun tin hn cho vic tm kim thng tin. Vic tm kim thng tin c phn chia theo hng mc v theo a im gii hn v m bo vic tm thng tin l nhanh nht v st vi yu cu ca khch hng nht. Di y l s m t nhng chc nng c bn ca trang Web www.chodientu.vn

Trang ch ng k thnh vin Tr gip Lin h Bo li Xem hng - Xem thng tin u gi
- Thm c gian hng trc tuyn

ng bn
- ng k m gian hng trc tuyn E-Store

C nhn
- Hp thng tin c nhn - i mt khu - Np tin vo ti khon

Cng ng

Thng hiu
- Lit k cc thng

- Xem thng tin mua bn - ng tin rao vt hiu giao vt - a ti sn ln u gi

- H s thng tin v uy tn - Din n trc tuyn c nhn - Trang thng tin v nh

gi sn phm. - Cc u gi thnh cng - Cc chng trnh khuyn mi - Bo ch v Ch in t

Tm kim - Theo danh mc hng ha v a l H thng gian hng Phin u gi Giao vt Din n Phn loi sn phm Hnh 1: S chc nng chnh ca trang Web www.chodientu.vn

Cc nhn xt chung v cc h thng thng mi in t hin nay: u im: - Giao din ngy cng chuyn nghip, vi y chc nng to iu kin thun li ti a cho ngi s dng - Cc trang Web cung cp li mt nh thit b vn phng, c, Moblie, Link kim in t. Ni chung l tt c cc mt hng phc v cho i sng hng ngy ca con ngi u c a ln mng. - Phn loi mt hng sao cho tin li nht trong vic tm kim. Cung cp cc cng c tm kim h tr khch hng. Nhc im: S a dng ca thng tin nhiu khi l mt tri ca vn . Qu nhiu thng tin khin khch hng mt nhiu thi gian trong vic tm kim, so snh. iu ny c th gy kh khn cho nhng ngi bn rn, nhng ngi khng c nhiu thi gian cho vic ln mng. Cha tip cn vi nhng khch hng ln tui nhng c kh nng v kinh t. H c t thi gian lang thang trn mng. i vi h thi gian quan trng hn mt cht tin bc Cha tn dng s u vit ca mng in thoi di ng. S linh hot nh gn v lun lun gn lin vi c nhn ngi dng s l phng tin tuyt vi truyn ti thng tin n khch hng.

Da trn nhng u khuyt im trn, nhng ci c v cha c ca h thng thng mi hin hnh ti xin a ra mt vi ci tin nng cao hiu qu ca thng mi in t trong vic tip cn khch cung nhu cung cp cho khch hng nhng tin ch tt nht phc v i sng. l s kt hp SMS (Dch v tin nhn text m khng mt mng di ng no Vit Nam khng cung cp) vo trong Thng mi in t. Hin nay Vit Nam cha c nhiu trang Thng mi in t no tn dng SMS. Nhng loi hnh SMS c th trin khai l: - Cung cp thng tin v mt loi mt hng no m khch hng yu cu. Khch hng ng nhp trang Web, cung cp mt hng quan tm, s in thoi, nhn thng tin hng thng, hng tun, hoc qu nm r tnh hnh v mt mt hng no . - ng k mua mt mt hng no vi mt mc gi no do khch hng a ra. iu ny rt c ngha vi ngi c thu nhp cao, khng mun mt qu nhiu thi gian trong vic mong i mt hng gim gi. H sn sng tr mt gi cao hn gi tr trng mua c mt hng h mun. - Cc doanh nghip cng c th s dng h thng ny cung cp thng tin nhanh nht v mt hng h bn cho i ng bn l ca mnh. I.5. Tch hp SMS trong thng mi in t Thng mi in t thng qua mng in thoi di ng: M-Commerce (Mobile Electronic Commerce), ngha l thng mi in t thng qua mng in thoi di ng. Nhiu nh nghin cu thng nht vi nh ngha m-Commerce l:" Cc giao dch vi gi tr tin t c thc hin thng qua mng vin thng di ng". M-Commerce l l loi hnh thng mi da trn cc thit b hin i ca h thng thng tin di ng nh mobile phone, thit b h tr c nhn PDA (Personal Digital Assistants) v cc lai thit b khng dy khc. Nh s di ng linh hot v kh nng tng thch cao ca h thng di ng v ha hn trin vng pht trin trong tng lai m chng ta c th thit lp cc cuc bt c u v bt c khi no, v do hot ng thng mi c th din ra theo mun ca chng ta. V nguyn tc, m-Commerce khng khc g e- Commerce m chic my di ng, PDA l ca vo. Tuy nhin, s gn kt ngi s dng vi chic my di ng c nhn mang li hng lot ng dng mi vi kh nng tip th, kh nng p ng nhu cu c nhn tt hn v kh nng truy cp linh ng hn. Vi vic lun mang theo chic my TD c chc nng thanh ton, c th ni nh bng t tay c vo ti khch hng. Mt li th ca chic my TD l n lun gn vi ngi s dng nh mt cha kho cho vic thao tc trn ti khon c nhn. Do nu mt k mun s dng tri php ti khon ca ngi khc th khng nhng phi n trm c nhng thng tin

b mt v ti khon m phi c trong tay chic TD . Hn na, cng vi vic tng nhanh bng thng cho cc thu bao di ng, cc dch v trn ngy cng c c hi pht trin. Cc nh sn xut in thoi di ng ln sm nhn thy c nhng li th ca vic thanh ton nn cng h tr nhiu cho chc nng ny. Nhn chung M-Commerce l xu hng tt yu trong tng lai. N cho php nhng doanh nhip va v nh, nhng doanh nghip c s vn kinh doanh t c th tham gia vo th trng y tim nng. N kch thch sc mua nh c tnh tin li, tit kim thi gian i li v s phc v ti a ca nh cung cp. Tuy nhin cc hot ng ca M-Commerce cng c nhng c im ring m ni bt l hnh thc thanh ton trc tuyn trn mng, kh nng bo mt thng tin, s an ton khi giao dch trc tuyn ang l nhng thnh thc cho s pht trin ca M-Commerce. iu cng c nh hng ln trong iu kin kinh t ca Vit Nam, khi i a s ngi dn c thi quen dung tin mt. Bn cnh c s h tng vin thng ca ta cng cha p ng mt cch tt nht cho s pht trin ca M-Commerce. Nhng li ch c bn ca M-Commerce. C hai li ch c bn m cc doanh nghip va v nh c hng t hat ng kinh doanh M-Commerce: + Nu cc sn phm hoc dch v c gi tr thp, cc doanh nhip c th phi hp vi cc cc nh cung cp dch v vin thng(Viettel, VinaPhone, MobiPhone) c th thanh ton trc tuyn. iu ny c th thc hin c bng cch nh cung cp dch v vin thng tr s tin mua hang ca thu bao vo ti khon cc ca thu bao . Tt nhin phi c s xc nhn ca thu bao (Authentication) hot ng giao dch din ra an ton. Nu s tin qu ln hoc vt qu kh nng ca thu bao th giao dich trc tuyn s khng din ra v hai bn phi c hnh thc thanh ton khc. + M-Commerce cng rt thch hp cho vic cung cp thng tin v gi c, cht lng, s lng, a im ca mt mt hng no m khch hng quan tm. Khch hng ch vic ng k mt hng, s tin m khch hng c th chi tr mua sn phm . n khi c bt c thng tin no ph hp vi yu cu ca khch hng th h s nhn c mt tin nhn bo thng tin v h s phi tr mt chi ph nht nh. iu s gip tit kim thi gian cho khch hng trong vic tm kim sn phm vi gi c ph hp cho mnh. Tt nhin bn cnh nhng thun li cn c nhng kh khn m cc cng ty tham gia vo M-Commerce phi i mt: +S khng an ton ca cc doanh ng giao dch thng qua giao din v tuyn. Do vic mua bn v thanh ton c thc bng sng in t, c thu pht t do trong khng gian nn cc yu cu bo mt thng tin c nhn rt kh khn. c bit vi s pht trin cao v cng ngh cc tin tc c th c nhng cng c rt mnh m ly cp thng tin mt cch d dng. + S hn hn ca vic cng cung thng tin ca thit b di ng. Cc thit b di ng v cc thit b c nhn rt hn ch v mt th hin ni dung. iu gy kh

khn trong vic cung cp thng tin mt cch y chi tit. + S cnh tranh ca s tin li v tnh hin th cao ca laptop. Hn na s bng n ca Internet khng dy cng to nn sc p cnh tranh rt ln trong cc hot ng thng mi trc tuyn. Di y l mt s ng dng bn c th trin khai nh s kt hp tuyt vi ca dch v SMS trong thng mi in t: - Nu bn chy mt trang ca hng eCommerce v cho php khch hng ca bn ng k nhn cc cho hng vi gi c hp dn theo SMS. Khi gi c ca mt mt hng a chung gim xung, gi mt SMS thng bo ti cc khch hng ca bn v gi gim l nhng ni h c th mua sn phm vi gi y. - To mt website cung cp gi c hng ho t mt vi site hng ho ph bin v cc gi c la chn ca SMS gi ti cc khch hng hng ngy hoc hng tun. Nu bn t nhiu dch v vo trong site, sau bn c th tnh ph cc khch hng s dng site ca bn. - Bn c th thit lp mt h thng gi tin nhn ti i ng bn hng lu ng, thng bo cho h cc iu chnh mi nht v mc gi, gip h a ra quyt nh bn hng hp l nht cn c vo thng tin cp nht mi nht v gi c cc mt hng.

 kt hp dch v SMS vo thng mi in t, trc ht chng ta s tm hiu s qua v dch v SMS. Dch v tin nhn ngn SMS ( Short Message Service) l mt dch v c bn cho php trao i nhng on tin vn bn ngn gia cc thu bao in thoi. Mt tin nhn vn bn ngn ln u tin c truyn qua mt knh tn hiu ca mng GSM Chu u vo nm 1992. Sau cuc th nghim thnh cng ny th dch v tin nhn SMS pht trin mt cch mnh m. Sau y l mt s s liu thng k v s pht trin ca dch v SMS: Dch v tin nhn SMS pht trin rt nhanh trn khp th gii. C th l: + Nm 2000: Mi ch c khong 17 t tin nhn SMS c gi i trn khp th gii. + Nm 2001: Con s tin nhn c gi i ln ti 250 t tin nhn/nm + Nm 2004: C 500 t tin nhn c gi i i cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca mng di ng th gi thanh ca mi tin nhn c gi i cng lc cng gim v s lng tin nhn c gi i cng tng nhanh mt cch khng khip. iu ny mang li li nhun khng l cho cc nh kinh doanh mng. Nhiu cng ngh mng mi ra i da trn nn tng ca cc cng ngh mng c v dch v tin nhn SMS vn c a dung trn khp th gii. Vit Nam hin nay c rt nhiu nh cung cp dch v di ng, v con s nhng ngi s dng dch v ny ln ti hn 13 triu ngi. Khi s dng tin nhn SMS cung cp thng tin cho ngi quan tm n dch v thng mi in t ca mnh th rt tin li, khch hang c th bit nhng thng tin mi nht ngay c khi h khng c trn mng Internet nhng h vn mang in thoi di ng trn ngi. Mt u im ln na l hin nay c rt nhiu cng c h tr cho vic kt ni gia mng Internet v cc nh cung cp dch v di ng. thy r hn v cng ngh ny chng ta c th xem m hnh mng GSM nh hnh v di y: Hnh 2: SMS trong mng GSM kt ni vi Internet Hnh 3: SMS trong mng GPRS kt ni vi Internet Hinh 4: SMS trong mng UMTS kt ni vi Internet

I.6. Ni dung, nhim v ca ti. Vic tnh hp SMS vo trong cc hot ng thng mi l c th thc hin c. Nhim v ca ti l phn tch, tm hiu hot ng ca mt trang Web thng mi in t no , tm hiu cc yu cu ca khch hng t tin hnh xy dng giao din, tip nhn yu cu, tm kim sng lc thng tin v p tr li nhng thng tin m khch hng mong mun. D kin, ti s s dng ngn ng PHP v MySQL thc hin yu cu ra ca mnh. Hai ngn ng trn s dng xy dng giao din, to cc lung thng tin vo ra, nh dng lung d liu v thng qua SMS Gateway c th gi v nhn cc tin nhn SMS.

Chng II
Tng quan v trang Web PhpProBid
Vi nhng mc tiu ra chng I, ta s tin hnh xy dng th nghim trn h thng trang web PhpProBid. y l mt trang Web thng mi in t, trn bn c th mua bn, trao i, u gi, b thu nhng sn phm m mnh mun. Trang Web c xy dng trn ngn ng PHP vi c s d liu MySQL. Di y l nhng yu cu ca h thng: - 10 MB dung lng cng - Apache Web Server - H thng c ci t PHP 5 - H thng c ci t MySQL 5 II.1. Ci t v cc cng vic ca nh qun tr trang Web. Sau khi ci t cho h thng nhng phn mm cn thit nh: Apache Web Server, PHP 5, MySQL 5 chng ta s tin hnh ci t trang Web PhpProBid Hnh di l form nhp nhng thng tin cn thit tin hnh cu hnh cho trang Web hot ng

Hnh 5: Giao din cu hnh cho trang Web PhpProBid

Trong Form trn c nhng trng c miu t nh sau: Trng Hostname Miu t chc nng Tn mc nh l localhost. Bn cng c th in mt tn khc. Tuy nhin nu chng trnh khng hot ng hoc bn khng chc chn th bn c th lin h trc tip vi nh cung cp my ch c thng tin chnh xc v tn my ch. in thng tin v tn c s d liu bn ci t cho h thng. Hy chc chn tn c s d liu l chnh xc (c vi phn prefix). Hy dng nhng cng c qun tr c s d liu c th nm r nhng thng tin ny. in thng tin v user ca c s d liu ci t cho h thng. Ch phi chnh xc c phn prefix. in password cho user.

Database Name

Database User Database Password

License Key Site Name

Site URL

Thng tin v lut bn quyn ca trang Web L tn ca trang Web xut hin trong trnh duyt Web (Web Browser) ca khch hng. N cng xut hin trong phn E-mail ca khch hng s dng h thng th ca trang Web. a ch URL ca bn. Phi l mt ci tn hp l nh
http://www.yoursite.com hoc http://www.yoursite.com/auction

Admin Email

Email chnh m cc email ca thu bao s c gi vo Email ny. Cc email ca ngi dng cng s nhn c cc thng tin chung t Email ny. Tn ca user c th tham gia vo vng

User Name

Password/Confirm Password

qun tr trang Web. Khuyn co bn nn l Admin. Password cho user

Hnh 6: Cc trng v miu t chc nng khi cu hnh cho trang Web
Sau khi ci t nhng th tc chnh ca trang Web chng ta s phi tin hnh iu chnh nhng Setting c bn ca trang Web nh: Cc mc trang chnh, ngy gi, tin t, hnh nh, h tr SSL Ging nh rt nhiu trang c s tham gia ca cng ng mng, Web site cung cp cho bn nhng cng c cho php qun l user, qun l nhng hot ng u gi, nhng hot ng mua bn, trao i hng ha

Hnh 7: Giao din qun l user

Hnh 8: Giao din qun l hot ng u gi

Nhng chc nng khc m bn c th chnh sa theo bn. Tt c u giao din rt d s dng: - iu chnh giao din trang Web, cc Skin, nhng Items, Pictures, Ngy gi, tin t. - Qun l ngi dng: Thm bt, gi th kch hot, nhn yu cu ca khch hng, tr li, cnh bo, thng tin chung v trang Web - Qun l vic trao i, bun bn din ra trn mng. Cc hot ng nh gii thiu mt hng, gi c, cht lng, hng sn xut phi p ng c yu cu ca trang Web. Hot ng u gi, b thu..cng phi hot theo quy nh v c trt t. - Chnh sa cc mc nh phn Help, Topics, Ads Banner, Error Message nhm p ng cc yu cu ra ca nh qun tr h thng cng nh ph hp v tin li cho ngi dng. II.2 Cc chc nng ca trang Web v pha ngi s dng. II.2.1 ng k s dng. Ngi dng mun s dng trang Web phi ng k vi ngi qun tr. Mt s thng tin cn thit nh Tn, tui, Email, thng tin c nhn Full Name Date Joined E-mail Date of Birth

Address / Phone No. Account Status No. of Items Sold / Bought Account Balance (with option to adjust Account Balance manually) IP Address History Sau khi khai bo nhng thng tin chnh xc, nh qun tr s cung cp mt account s dng cho nhng ln sau. II.2.2 Mua/Bn mt mt hng. Khi khch hng mun bn mt sn phm m mnh c, h phi cung cp nhng thng tin chi tit v sn phm ca h nh loi hng, s lng, cht lng, gi c, hng cung cp, thi gian bo hnh.Nhng thng tin ny s c cng khai trn mng c ngi mun mua c th tham kho, tm hiu. Khi hai bn ng th c tin hnh trao i, mua bn. II.2.3. Thc hin phin u gi. Khi c mt sn phm, bn c th thit lp mt phin u gi hoc bn cng c th tham gia u gi mt sn phm m mnh a thch. Mt phin u gi trn trang Web s din ra trong mt thi gian xc nh. Hot ng u gi, b thu s din ra ging nh mt phin u gi thc, ngha l cng c gi sn, thi gian din ra u gi, v khi kt thc phin u, ngi b thu c gi cao nht s c php mua mt hng. II.3. Kh nng ng dng SMS. Qua vic phn tch hot ng ca trang Web, ta nhn thy trang Web cha c s tin li ti a cho ngi s dng. V d nh nhng ngi c rt t thi gian ln mng tham kho, tm kim, v tham gia u gi. H mt rt nhiu thi gian khi kim tra gi c ca cc mt hng c ph hp vi cht lng ca hng ha khng. iu ny cng c ngha i vi nhng ngi c thu nhp kh nhng rt bn rn trong cng vic. H sn sng b ra cht tin c ngi cung cp thng tin v mt mt hng m h quan tm. Thm ch h cng c th mua mt hng vi gi cao hn thc t nu nh mt hng l rt qu him v h thc s mun. Nh vy trang Web PhProBid ch mi p ng c mt phn no yu cu ca ngi s dng. Nhim v ca ti l nng cao kh nng cung cp thng tin cho mt ngi s dng, m thc cht l p dng tnh linh ng, ph dung ca in thoi di ng trong cc hot ng thng mi thng qua dch v tin nhn SMS.

Cc hot ng cung cp thng tin nh h thng dch v tin nhn SMS l rt kh quan v c th thc hin mt cch tng i d dng. V d, khi khch hng mun c c mt thng tin v mt mt hng no , vi mt gi c no , trong mt thi gian xc nh, h c th gi lnh yu cu thng qua giao din Web hoc thng qua tin nhn SMS (Vi cu trc xc nh). Khi nhn c yu cu, h thng s hnh thnh nhng truy vn (query) v trong c s d liu, tm kim thng tin v tr li t ng thng qua tin nhn. Nu thng tin l di qu (nh l mt bo co v gi mt mt hng dch v h phi tr cho nh cung cp mt ph no . Gi c ca dch v s rt nh (bi tim nng ca nhu cu ny l rt ln) v khch hng c th chp nhn trong mt thng va qua) th c th gi thng qua E-mail. L d nhin, khi khch hng s dng c.

Chng 3
Cc cng c thc hin ti
Nh phn tch trn, nhim v t ra i vi bi ton l phi tip nhn yu cu ca khch hng, phn tch cc yu cu cn p ng sau tin hnh bc tch c d liu, ly ra c nhng thng tin hu ch cho khch hng. Vic c thc hin thng qua ngn PHP v MySQL. III.1. Ngn ng PHP. trn chng ta cng phn tch cu trc trang web PhpProBid. Trang Web c xy dng trn ngn ng PHP, mt ngn ng lp trnh m ngun m rt c ph bin bi tnh linh ng, nh gn v c bit c s h tr rt tt ca cng ng m ngun. C s d liu c xy dng bng MySQL. y l mt cng c xy dng c s d liu chun trn th gii. Nh vy l d nhin chng ta cn nghin cu, lm r nhng c im v nhng tnh nng mnh m ca PHP v MySQL c th xy dng v pht trin nhng yu cu t ra ca bi ton. Ngn ng PHP l mt ng script h tr WEB-DEVELOPMEN. S pht trin ca PHP cng tri qua nhiu giai on. Hin nay vi s ra i ca PHP 5 cung cp cho ngi pht trin WEB nhng tnh nng mnh m, hiu qu v rt d s dng. Di y l nhng c im ni bt ca PHP 5 c tp ch PCWORLD nh gi rt cao. III.1.1. H tr mnh lp trnh hng i tng. Mc d nhng tnh nng h tr i tng c tuyn b t PHP 4, tuy nhin cng ng cc nh pht trin nhanh chng nhn ra s non nt ca chng. Vi PHP 5, cc nh pht trin t nay c trong tay cc phng tin lp trnh hng i tng hon thin (PHP 5 vn cho php lm vic bnh thng vi kiu lp trnh cu trc). C th lit k mt s c im: 1. M hnh i tng hon ton mi da trn nguyn mu l m hnh ca Java 2. Hm to dng thng nht _construct(): to iu kin di chuyn cc lp t cy phn cp lp ny sang cy phn cp lp khc. 3. Hm hy _destruct(): to iu kin ghi li cc thng tin phc v cho vic tm li, ng kt ni d liu v thc hin cc cng vic gii phng ti nguyn khc. 4. Cc thuc tnh v cc phng thc public, protected, v private: cho php nh ngha tnh hu hnh ca cc thuc tnh lp. iu ny rt quan trng h tr tnh k tha v tnh bao gi trong lp trnh hng i tng. 5. Giao din (Interface): tnh nng ny ly t m hnh ca Java nhm h tr a k tha. 6. Cc lp tru tng.

7. Cu trc gi nhc kiu lp (class hints). 8. Cc thuc tnh v phng thc static. 9. Cc thuc tnh v phng thc Final. 10. Mt lot cc phng thc h tr mnh khc nh auto loading, reflection, x l li ngoi l (exceptions), nhn bn i tng (object cloning), ton t instanceof... Thm vo , cc i tng by gi ng thi c gn ln truyn u theo tham chiu (reference hoc handle) thay v theo gi tr, nh vy lp trnh vin khng cn phi s dng ri rc cc k hiu & xuyn sut chng trnh. Cc tnh nng ngn ng ny cng m ng cho lp trnh vin PHP s dng ti u sc mnh ca cc m hnh thit k (pattern). III.1.2. Th vin m rng MySQL c vit li hon ton H qun tr CSDL MySQL song hnh vi PHP nh hnh vi bng, mc d PHP c kh nng h tr nhiu h CSDL khc. Tuy nhin, trong khi s kt hp ny em n nhng thnh cng vang di cho c hai sn phm th s lc hu ca m un m rng PHP lm vic vi MySQL li l mt tr ngi khi n khng cho php tn dng cc tnh nng cc k hp dn ca MySQL 4.1 v cc bn cao hn. Nhm pht trin PHP 5 vit mt th vin m rng hon ton mi, rt mnh h tr MySQL 4.1 v 5.x, mang tn MySQLi (MySQL Improved). Cc tnh nng bao gm: 1. Cu lnh bin dch trc 2. Tham s xut v nhp c gii hn 3. Kt ni SSL 4. Hm a truy vn. MySQLi cn tn dng c h tr lp trnh hng i tng mi ca PHP 5 cung cp mt giao din hng i tng vi MySQL. Trn ht, nhng bn mi nht ca MySQL by gi cho php dng chn lc con (subselects), chuyn tc (transactions) v bn sao d liu (replication). III.1.3. B cng c XML c th tng tc PHP 5 ci tin h tr XML vi cc th vin XML m rng nh sau: 1. Lm vic c vi nhau nh mt th thng nht. 2. c chun ha trn mt th vin XML duy nht: libxml2. 3. Tun th hon ton cc c t ca W3. 4. X l d liu hiu qu. 5. Cung cp cng c x l XML mnh.

Thm vo , tip tc duy tr tnh d dng ca PHP trong vic xy dng ng dng web, ngi ta a vo mt th vin XML mi cho php c v thay i d dng cc ti liu XML. M un m rng SimpleXML cho php tng tc vi cc thng tin c trong mt vn bn XML nh th cc thng tin ny l mng hay i tng, c th dng vng lp duyt qua chng, bin tp chng ti ch ch bng cch gn cc gi tr mi vo cc bin. Nu bn bit trc nh dng ca ti liu, v d nh khi phn tch cc file RSS, d liu cu hnh th dng SimpleXML rt tin. Nu thch dng DOM, bn s rt hng th vi m un m rng DOM ca PHP 5, m un ny c vit li v ci tin rt nhiu so vi bn trong PHP 4. III.1.4. H CSDL nhng SQLITE. S gn kt hon ho vi MySQL l mt li th rt ln cho PHP 4.x, tuy nhin nhiu khi ng dng web li khng cn nhiu n kh nng ca h qun tr CSDL mnh. Do , vic phn phi km h CSDL nhng SQLite cho php nh pht trin c thm cng c sn sng lu tr v truy vn d liu bng phng thc SQL m khng cn ci t h CSDL ring bit no c. SQLite x l chnh xc cc truy cp kha chn (locking) v truy cp ng thi (concurrent), hai vn ni cm khi x l cc file d liu phng (flat file) t to. SQLite mnh x l phn ln cc nhu cu lu tr v thao tc d liu thng thng. N h tr: 1. Chuyn tc (transactions): 2. Truy vn con (Subqueries) 3. Kim sot ton vn tham chiu (triggers) 4. Nhiu tnh nng cao cp lin quan n CSDL nh h tr View... SQLite tng thch vi phn ln cc tnh nng chun SQL92, tuy nhin bn 3.0 mi nht cha h tr chuyn tc lng nhau, rng buc kha ngoi, cng nh h tr kim sot ton vn tham chiu mt cch y . Bn thm ch c th vit cc hm cho ngi s dng t nh ngha bng PHP v gi chng bn trong SQLite. y l tnh nng ni bt nht t trc n nay c c trong mt m un m rng lin quan n CSDL trong PHP. III.1.5. C ch x l li sng sa hn vi Exceptions. PHP 5 cung cp mt m hnh kim tra li hon ton khc so vi PHP 4. N c tn l x l li ngoi l. Vi li ngoi l, nh pht trin c gii phng khi vic phi

kim tra gi tr tr li ca tt c cc hm. Thay vo , bn c th tch bit lun l lp trnh x l li v t chng nm bn cnh cc khi m. Li ngoi l thng c thy cc ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng nh Java v C++. Hin ti, ch c mt s t m un m rng ca PHP s dng li ngoi l, nhng dn dn iu ny s c thc hin ng b. Tuy nhin, bn c th s dng li ngoi l cho bt c on m PHP no ca mnh. III.1.6. Bn thc thi SOAP cao cp. . SOAP l thnh phn ch yu ca lnh vc dch v web ang pht trin rt nhanh. H tr SOAP trong PHP 4 ch cp trung bnh, khng ch l vic c rt t cc gi SOAP m cn ch cc gi quan trng nht vit bng PHP thay v C nn chm. Vi PHP 5, cui cng chng ta c mt m un m rng cho SOAP vit bng C. Hin ti, m un ny thc thi c phn ln, mc d khng phi l tt c cc c im nu trong SOAP 1.2. Trong tng lai, m un ny s c ci thin nhiu hn. Hin ti, so vi .NET hay Java th h tr SOAP trong PHP vn b xp chiu di. Bn cnh vic nghin cu nhng c im ca ngn ng PHP, chng ta cng cn phi tm hiu h c s d liu MySQL. Hin nay MySQL ra phin bn MySQL 5.x vi nhng tnh mi c b xung, tng tnh n nh ca h thng. Nhng c im ca h qun tr c s d liu MySQL. III.2. MySQL II.2.1. MySQL mt h qun l c s d liu. Mt c s d liu l mt tp hp c cu trc cc d liu. N c th n gin ch l mt danh sch cc ca bn hoa, nhng cng c th l mt khi lng thng tin khng l v trong mt mng cng ty. Vic thm, bt, truy cp, x l d liu c thc hin trn my tin. Do bn cn c mt h qun l c s d liu nh MySQL Server. V my tnh l mt cng c rt tuyt vi trong vic x l nhng khi lng tnh ton v cng ln, nn h qun l c s d liu c th hot ng trng thi nh l mt dch v ca h thng hoc nh l mt thnh phn ca mt ng dng khc. III.2.2. MySQL l mt h qun l c s d liu lin quan n nhau Cc d liu c lin quan n nhau c lu tr trong nhng bng ring bit. Chng khng th v cng khng nn c lu trong cng mt bng d liu khng l. iu s lm tng tc v tnh mm do trong vic x l d liu. Thnh phn SQL trong "MySQL" ngha l "Structured Query Language"(Ngn ng truy vn c cu trc). SQL l ngn c chun ha dng truy cp d liu c nh ngha bi chun ANSI/ISO.

III.2.3. MySQL l phn mm m ngun m. Phn mm m ngun m cho php mi ngi c th s dng, sa i phn mm. Tt c mi ngi c th download MySQL t Internet v s dng n m khng phi tr bt c mt khon ph no. Nu mun, bn c th c m ngun v chnh sa n theo mun ca bn. Phn mm MySQL tun theo lut GPL (GNU General Public License). Lut nu ln nhng iu cho php v khng cho php, cng nh nhng iu bn cn tun theo khi s dng phn mm m ngun m. Nu bn khng tha mn vi GPL hoc bn mun nhng code MySQL vo trong cc sn phm thng mi, bn c th mua bn quyn c s dng MySQL vo trong cc hot ng thng mi. III.2.4. My ch chy MySQL nhanh, tin cy v rt d s dng. MySQL c mt tp hp cc c tnh c xy dng da trn s hp tc v th nghim ca cc thnh vin tham gia pht trin, cng nh c xy dng trn c s yu cu thc t t ra v tri qua qu trnh th nghim lu di. V vy MySQL Server c pht trin nhm x l mt khi lng d liu ln nhanh hn cc gii php khc v t c nhiu thnh cng trong nhng nm qua. S tin tng ca cng ng pht trin WEB c th hin r qua vic ngy cng nhiu trang Web s dng MySQL. Hin nay MySQL Server a ra mt tp hp ln cc tnh nng rt hu ch v mnh m. Kh nng kt ni nhanh, an ton v ngy cng thch hp cho vic truy cp d liu qua mng Internet. III.2.5. MySQL Server hot ng theo kiu Client/Server hoc trong cc h thng nhng.. Phn mm c s d liu MySQL hot ng theo m hnh Client/Server trong my ch SQL c th phc v cng lc nhiu yu cu ca my khch. N cng c th hot ng nh mt h thng nhng cung cp mt th vin cc tnh nng cho php cc ng dng ca bn c th lin kt. iu gip cho ng dng ca bn nh hn, link ng hn, nhanh hn v d qun l hn. III.2.6. S h tr ti a v rt hu ch ca cng ng pht trin MySQL. MySQl l phn mm m ngun m, khng thu ph. Ti liu c cung cp mt cch y v cng khai trn mng Internet. Bnc c th tham gia vo cng ng khng ngng ci tin tnh nng v an ton. iu ny l rt tuyt vi trong xu th pht trin rc r ca phn mm m ngun m.