Trng PTDL Lmnxp Nhm ton 10 - nm hc 2010 -2011

CNG N TP HC K I - NM HC 2010 2011

MN TON KHI 10
I.Ni dung:
A. i s: - Hm s v th: hm bc nht, hm bc hai,
- Phng trnh bc nht , phng trnh bc hai, nh l Vi- et v ng dng;
- H phng trnh bc nht v bc hai hai n
B. Hnh hc: - Php cng , tr vc t, php nhn vc t vi mt s thc.
- Tch v hng ca hai vc t, h thc lng trong tam gic.
II.Mt s bi tp tham kho :
i s
Bi 1: Cho hm s : y = x
2
2(m + 1)x 3 m
2
a) Lp bng bin thin v v th (P) ca hm s khi m = 0.
b) T th (P) suy ra th ca hm s y = |x
2
2x 3 |. Tm k phng trnh :
|x
2
2x 3 | = 4k + 1 c 4 nghim phn bit.
c) Vi mi m, hm s c gi tr nh nht. Tm m hm s c gi tr ln nht.
Bi 2 : Cho (P) : y = x
2
4x + 3 v ng thng (d) i qua im M(0 ; - m
2
), c h s gc 2m.
a) Tm m (P) ct (d) ti hai im phn bit A, B.
b) Tm tp hp trung im I ca AB khi m thay i.
Bi 3 : a) Lp bng bin thin v v th ca hm s y = x
2
6x + 5.
b) Tm cc gi tr ca k phng trnh x
2
6x + 5 = k c hai nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
tho mn iu kin
0 < x
1
< x
2
< 6.
Bi 4 : a) Lp bng bin thin v v th (P) ca hm s : y = - x
2
+ 4x -3.
b) Vit phng trnh ca ng thng (d) i qua im A(2 ; 2) v c h s gc bng k.Bin lun theo k s giao
im ca (P) v (d).
c) Tm m phng trnh : x
2
4|x| +3 m = 0 c 3 nghim.
Bi 5 : a) Lp bng bin thin v v th (P) ca hm s : y = x|x- 6| +2.
b) Da vo th (P) nu cc khong trn hm s ch nhn cc gi tr dng hoc m.
c) Da vo th (P), bin lun s nghim ca phng trnh : x|x- 6| = m.
Bi 6 : Cho Parabol (P
m
) : y = (m-1)x
2
2m x + m (vi m l tham s khc 1).
a) Kho st s bin thin v v th (P
3
) ca hm s khi m = 3.
b) Tm im c nh m (P
m
) lun i qua vi mi m.
c) Tm im m (P
m
) lun khng i qua vi mi m.
d) Tm m ng thng (d) : y = -2x - 2 ct (P
m
) ti hai im phn bit A, B.CMR : khi m bin thin trong
khong va tm c th trung im I ca AB l im c nh.
Bi 7 : a) CMR: h Parabol (P
m
): y = mx
2
+ (1- 2m)x +1-3m lun i qua 2 im c nh vi mi m khc 0.
b)Cho h Parabol (Q
m
) : y = x
2
+ 2(m - 1)x + 3m - 5 c nh S
m
.Tm tp hp cc im S
m
khi m thay i.
Bi 8 : a) Tm a, b , c Parabol (P
1
) : y = ax
2
+bx + c i qua 3 im A(3 ;-2), B(1 ;0), C(-3 ; -20).
b) Tm a, b Parabol (P
2
) y = ax
2
+bx - 8 nhn im I(2 ; - 4) lm nh.
c) Tm a, b , c Parabol (P
3
) : y = ax
2
+bx + c t GTLN bng 1 khi x = 2 v nhn gi tr bng 8 khi x = -1.
Bi 9 : Gii v bin lun cc phng trnh sau :
1) ( ) ( )
2
1 2 3 7 0 m x m x + +

4) 1 2 mx x x + +

( ) ( )
2
2
4 5 1
2)
2
m x m
m
x
+ +

5)
2
2
1 14
1 1 1
x x m m m
x x x
+
+
+

3) 4 5 x mx m + + +
6)
1 2 3 mx x m +
Bi 10 : Tm m phng trnh : ( )
2
4 2 2 0 m x mx m + + +
a) c 2 nghim m phn bit ; b) c t nht mt nghim dng.
c) c 2 nghim trong c mt nghim ln hn -1 v mt nghim nh hn -1 .
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Trng PTDL Lmnxp Nhm ton 10 - nm hc 2010 -2011
Bi 11 : Tm m phng trnh : ( )
4 2
4 2( 2) 1 0 m x m x m +

a) v nghim, b)c 2 nghim, c) c 4 nghim.
Bi 12 : Cho phng trnh :
2 2
(2 3) 2 2 0 x m x m m + + + +
a) Tm m phng trnh c nghim. Khi , tm mt h thc lin h gia cc nghim khng ph thuc vo m ;
b) Tm m phng trnh c 2 nghim x
1
, x
2
tho mn :
2 2
1 2
15 x x +
c) Tm m phng trnh c 2 nghim x
1
, x
2
tho mn : x
1
= 2 v x
2
> 4.
Bi 13 : Tm m phng trnh : 2x
2
+ (2m- 1)x + m 1 = 0 c hai nghim x
1
, x
2
tho mn :
a) 3 x
1
- 4 x
2
= 11 b) x
1
= 3 x
2
Bi 14 : Gii cc phng trnh sau:
1)
2
3 9 1 2 x x x +
5)
2 2
8 5 8 4 5 x x x x + + +

2)
2
12 7 0 x x x +
6) 3 5 2 x x +
3)
2 2
3 9 2 3 1 4 x x x x +
7)
2 2
4 12 5 4 12 11 15 0 x x x x + +
4)
2 2
4 1 3
x
x x x x x x

+ + +
8)
2
4 4 2 12 16 x x x x + + +

Bi 15 : Gii cc phng trnh sau:
1)
2
6 9 2 1 x x x + + 4)
2 2
1 2 8 x x x +
7) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 4 8 7 180 x x x x + +
2)
3 1 2 3 0 x x +
5)
2
5 1 1 0 x x
8)
4 3 2
2 13 24 13 2 0 x x x x + +
3)
2
5 4 4 x x x + +
6)
7 2 5 3 2 x x x + +
9)
2 2
90
1 1
x x
x x
_ _
+

+
, ,
Bi 16: Cho h pt:
( ) 3 2 1
5 2 3
m x y m
x my m
+ +

'
+

a) Gii v bin lun h phng trnh cho theo m..

b) Khi h PT c nghim duy nht (x
0
; y
0
), tm h thc lin h gia x
0
v y
0
khng ph thuc vo m.
c) Tm m nguyn h pt c nghim duy nht x nguyn, y nguyn.
d) Tm m h pt c nghim duy nht x, y tho mn : 3x +2y =1
Bi 17: Cho h pt:
( )
( )
3
3 2 6 10
m x y y m
m x y
+ + +

'
+

( m l tham s)
a) Gii v bin lun h phng trnh cho theo m.
b) Khi h PT c nghim duy nht (x
0
; y
0
), tm h thc lin h gia x
0
v y
0
khng ph thuc vo m.
c) Tm m nguyn h pt c nghim duy nht x nguyn, y nguyn.
d) Trong trng hp h v nh, hy tm nghim nguyn dng ca h.
Bi 18: a) Tm m h sau c nghim vi mi a :
2
a x m a m
x ay m m
+
'
+ +

b)Tm a, b h sau c v s nghim :

2
a x - by
2 4
a b
bx b y b

'
+

Bi 19: Gii cc h phng trnh sau:

1)
2 3 5 13
4 2 3 3
2 4 1
x y z
x y z
x z
+

'

+ +

2)
11
2 5
3 2 24
x y z
x y z
x y z
+ +

+
'

+ +

3 )
2 3 2
4 6 5
5 3 5
x y z
x y z
x y z
+ +

+
'

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Trng PTDL Lmnxp Nhm ton 10 - nm hc 2010 -2011
4)
2 2
2 3 7 12 1
1 0
x xy y x y
x y
+ +
'
+

5)
2 2
2 ( 3) 2( 3) 9 0
2( ) 6 0
x y x y x
x y xy
+ + + +
'
+ +

6)
2 2
1
6
x xy y
x y xy

'

7)
2 2
2 2
1 1
5
1 1
9
x y
x y
x y
x y

+ + +

'

+ + +

8 )
2 2
2 2
3 1
3 1
x x y y
y y x x
+ +

'
+ +

9)
2 2
2 2
3 5 4 38
5 9 3 15
x xy y
x xy y
+

'

10)
2 2
2 2
2 3 12
3 11
x xy y
x xy y
+ +

'
+

Bi 20: Tm m h phng trnh sau:

2 2
x xy y m
x y m
+ +
'
+

a) C nghim duy nht.
b) C nghim
Bi 21: a) Tm m h phng trnh sau:
1
( )
x xy y m
xy x y m
+ + +
'
+

c nghim (x;y) tho mn x > 0 ; y > 0

b)Gii h vi m = 2.
Bi 22: Cho h phng trnh sau:
2 2
2 2
3 2 11
2 3 17
x xy y
x xy y m
+ +

'
+ + +

a) Gii h khi m = 0.
b) Vi nhng gi tr no ca m th h c nghim.
Bi 23: Tm m h phng trnh sau c nghim:
4 1 4
3
x y
x y m

+
'
+

HNH HC:
Bi 1:ChoABC v 2 im I,J c xc nh bi 3 0; 2 3 0 IA IC JA JB JC + + +
uur uur r uur uur uuur r
1) Hy xc nh v tr ca I v J
2) CMR:B,I,J thng hng .Tnh
BI
BJ

3) Tm tp hp cc im M sao cho:
2 3 2 MA MB MC MA MB MC + + + +
uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuur uuuur
.
Bi 2:Cho ABC c nh .Gi D v E l cc im xc nh bi h thc:

3 2 0 DB DC
uuur uuur
v
3 2 0 EA EB EC +
uuur uuur uuur r
1) Hy xc nh v tr D.Tnh
AD
uuur
theo
AB
uuur
v
AC
uuur
2) CMR: A,E,D thng hng .Xc nh v tr im E .
3) Tm tp hp cc im F sao cho:
3 2 2 FA FB FC FA FB FC +
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
4) Gi M l trung im AB v N l im sao cho
AN k AC
uuur uuur
. Tm k 3 ng thngAE, MN, BC ng quy.
Bi 3: Cho tam gic ABC, M l mt im bt k .
1) CMR:
3 5 2 u MA MB MC +
r uuur uuur uuuur
khng ph thuc vo v tr ca im M.
2) Xc nh v tr ca im J sao cho
3 2 0 JA JB JC +
uur uur uuur r
.
3) ng thng PQ thay i nhng lun tho mn : 3 2 PQ PA PB PC +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
. CMR: PQ lun i
qua mt im cnh.
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Bi 4: Cho tam gic ABC .Tm tp hp cc im M tho mn mt trong cc iu kin sau:
a)
2 3 MA MB MC MB MC + + +
uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuuur
b)
2 4 MA MB MB MC +
uuur uuur uuur uuuur
c)
4 2 MA MB MC MA MB MC + +
uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuur uuuur
d)
3 2 MA MB MC MA MB +
uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuur
Bi 5: Cho tam gic ABC .Tm tp hp cc im M tho mn mt trong cc iu kin sau:
a)
0 MA kMB kMC + +
uuur uuur uuuur r
vi k thay i, k thuc R.
b) (1 ) 0 kMA k MB +
uuur uuur r
c) 2 (3 ) 0 MA k MB kMC + +
uuur uuur uuuur r
d)
2 u MA MB MC + +
r uuur uuur uuuur
cng phng vi
BC
uuur
.
e) 2 (1 ) 3 0 MA k MB kMC
uuur uuur uuuur r
Bi 6: Cho tam gic ABC u cnh a, M, N l cc im tho mn:
1 1
;
3 5
AM AB AN AC
uuuur uuur uuur uuur
.
a) Hy biu th vc t
CM
uuuur
v
BN
uuur
qua hai vc t
CA
uuur
v
CB
uuur
. Tnh di on CM.
b) Chng minh CM vung gc vi BN. Gi I l giao im ca BN v CM, tnh t s
IB
IN
.
c) Tm v tr ca im E trn ng thng BC sao cho
EA EB EC + +
uuur uuur uuur
t gi tr nh nht.
d) Tm tp hp im K sao cho:
2 2
4 . 0 KA KB KAKB +
uuur uuur
.
Bi 7: Trong mt phng to , cho tam gic ABC c cc nh A(-2; 3), B(1; 6), C(3; -2).
a) CMR: ABC vung ti A v tnh di cc cnh AB, AC, BC, trung tuyn AM., cosB.
Tnh chu vi v din tch ABC
b) Xc nh to im I sao cho
2 3 2 0 IA IB IC +
uur uur uur r
.
c) Tm to trng tm G v tm I ca ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC.
d) Tm to im E, vi BE l phn gic gc B, E thuc AC .
Bi 8: Trong mt phng to , cho bn im A(2; 3), B(-1; -1), C(6; 0) v D(x; -3).
a) CMR: Tam gic ABC vung cn.
b) Tm x A,B,C thng hng.
c) Tm im M thuc trc Oy sao cho tam gic ABM vung ti M.
d) Tm im N(3; y -1) sao cho N cch u hai im A v B.
Bi 9: Trong mt phng to Oxy, cho cc im A(1; 2), B(-10; 2), C(0; 3).
a) CMR: 3 im A, B, C to thnh mt tam gic t .Tnh chu vi tam gic ABC.
b) Tm to trc tm H, trng tm G, tm ng trn ngoi tip I ca ABC . Chng minh G, I ,H thng hng.
c) Tm to im D sao cho tam gic ABD vung cn ti D.
d) Tm im E trn Oy sao cho tam gic ACE cn ti A., im F trn Ox sao cho tam gic ABF vung ti F.
Bi 10: Cho ABC
a) CMR: ( )
2 2 2
1
.
2
AB AC AB AC BC +
uuur uuur
.
b) Cho bit AB = 5, AC = 5 , gc BAC = 135
0
. Tnh
. AB AC
uuur uuur
v di trung tuyn AI.
c) Gi G l trng tm tam gic ABC, vi M l im bt k trong mt phng, chng minh h thc sau:
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 MA MB MC GA GB GC MG + + + + +
Bi 11: Cho tam gic ABC.
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Trng PTDL Lmnxp Nhm ton 10 - nm hc 2010 -2011
a) Xc nh v tr ca im J sao cho
2 2 0 JA JB JC +
uur uur uuur r
.
b) Tm tp hp cc im M, N bit (2 2 ).( ) 0 MA MB MC MA MB +
uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuur
,
2
. 2 2 . NA NC NA NA NB +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
.
c) Xc nh v tr ca M T =
2 2 2
2 2 MA MB MC + t gi tr nh nht.
Bi 12: Cho tam gic ABC u cnh l 3a.Ly cc im M, N, P ln lut trn cnh BC, CA, AB sao cho:
BM = a, CN = 2a, AP = x (0< x < 3a).
a) Tnh
AM
uuuur
theo , AB AC
uuur uuur
.
b) CMR:
1
3
x
PN AC AB
a
_


,
uuur uuur uuur
.
c) Tnh x AM vung gc vi PN.
Bi 13: Cho tam gic ABC. Tm tp hp cc im M sao cho :
a)
. . AM AB AC AB
uuuur uuur uuur uuur
e) ( )
. 2 0 MA MA MB MC + +
uuur uuur uuur uuuur
b)
. . 0 MAMB MAMC +
uuur uuur uuur uuuur
f) ( ) ( )
2 . 0 MB MC MA MA MB MC + + +
uuur uuuur uuur uuur uuur uuuur
c)
. . MAMB MAMC
uuur uuur uuur uuuur
g) ( )
2
MA MB MC a +
uuur uuur uuuur
, vi a l mt s thc cho trc.
d) ( )
0 AB AC AM +
uuur uuur uuuur
h) ( )
2
3 . 2 MB MB MA MB MC +
uuur uuur uuur uuuur
k)
2 2 2
2 MA MB MC +
Bi 14: Cho tam gic ABC, gi I l trung im BC. Ko di CA mt on AN = AC, ko di BA mt on
AM = 1/3 AB. Gi K l im tho mn h thc
2 0 KM KN +
uuuur uuur r
.
a) CMR:
( )
1
3
AK AB AC +
uuur uuur uuur
suy ra A, I, K thng hng.
b) Cho AB = b, AC = c v gc BAC = 120
0
.
i) Tnh . , . AB AC AI BC
uuur uuur uur uuur
v di on MN theo b v c.
ii) Cho bit AI vung gc vi MN. CMR: 4c
2
= b(c + 2b).
c) Tm tp hp cc im P tho mn:
2
2 . . PA PA PB PAPC +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
Bi 15: Cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A, trung im ca BC l M(1;-1), trng tm tam gic l G(2/3;0). Tm to
cc nh A, B, C.
Bi 16: Cho tam gic ABC c C(- 2; -4)v trng tm G(0; 4) , bit M (2; 0) l trung im ca BC. Hy tm to ca
A, B v xc nh tm ng trn ngoi tip I, trc tm H tam gic ABC.
Bi 17: Cho tam gic ABC c BC = a, CA = b, AB = c, din tch S, p l na chu vi, trng tm G. CMR:
a)
2 2 2
cot cot cot
4
a b c
A B C
S
+ +
+ + b) S = Rr.(sin A+ sin B+ sin C) c) S = p.(p - a).tan
2
A
d) S = 2R
2
sin A.sin B. sinC; e) h
a
= 2R.sin B. sinC =
.sin .sin
sin( )
a B C
B C +
. f)
2 2 2
2 2 2
3
a b c
GA GB GC
+ +
+ +
Bi 18 : a) Cho tam gic ABC tho mn: bc.cosA + ca.cosB +ab.cosC = a
2
. Chng minh tam gic ABC vung
b) Cho tam gic ABC tho mn: sinA = 2 sinBcosC. Chng minh tam gic ABC cn.
c) CMR tam gic ABC vung ti A khi v ch khi :
2 2 2
5
b c a
m m m + .
d) Cho tam gic ABC tho mn:
3 3 3
2
b c a
a
b c a
+

+
. Chng minh tam gic ABC c gc A = 60
0
Bi 19: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD. K BK vung gc vi AC. gi M , N ln lt l trung im ca AK v CD.
a) Chng minh gc BMN = 90
0
.
b) Tm iu kin ca hnh ch nht tam gic BMN vung cn.
Bi 20: Cho hnh vung ABCD, bit A(1 ;1), B(3;5). Tm to cc nh cn li ca hnh vung.
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