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com TRC NGHIM HIROCACBON (tit 2)

Cu 1: Nhng hp cht no sau y c ng phn hnh hc (cis-trans)? CH3CH = CH2 (I); CH3CH = CHCl (II); A. (I), (IV), (V). B. (II), (IV), (V). CH3CH = C(CH3)2 (III); C. (III), (IV). D. (II), III, (IV), (V). C2H5C(CH3)=C(CH3)C2H5(IV); C2H5C(CH3)=CClCH3(V). Cu 2: t chay hoan toan hn hp gm 1 ankan va 1 anken. Cho san phm chay ln lt i qua binh 1 ng P2O5 d va binh 2 ng KOH rn, d thy binh 1 tng 4,14g, binh 2 tng 6,16g. S mol ankan co trong hn hp la: A. 0,06 B. 0,09 C. 0,03 D. 0,045 Cu 3: Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1). C. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2). B. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2). D. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).

Cu 4: Khi t chy 1 lt hirocacbon X cn 6 lt O2 to ra 4 lt CO2. X c th lm mt mu dd brom. Khi cho X cng hp vi H2O (xt, t0) ta ch thu c mt sn phm duy nht. CTCT ca X l : A. CH3-C C-CH3 C. CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 B. CH3-CH=CH-CH3 D. CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3

Cu 5: em hh cc ng phn mch h ca C4H8 cng vi H2O (H+, t0) th thu c ti a s sn phm cng l: A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 Cu 6: Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z ( th kh iu kin thng), k tip nhau trong dy ng ng, trong khi lng phn t Z gp i khi lng phn t X. t chy 0,1 mol cht Y, sn phm kh hp th hon ton vo dd Ca(OH)2 d th thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr a l: A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40 Cu 7: Mt hh G gm propin C3H4 v ng ng A ca n c trn theo t l mol 1:1. Bit 0,672 lt (ktc) hh G tc dng va ht vi 45ml dd AgNO3 1M trong NH3. CT ca A l : A. CH C-CH2-CH3 B. C2H2 C. CH3-C C-CH3 D. C5H8 Cu 8: Cho tt c ankan th kh iu kin thng tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l 1:1 th to ra bao nhiu dn xut mono clo tt c: A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 10 Cu 9: X, Y, Z l 3 hirocacbon th kh iu kin thng. Khi phn hu mi cht u to ra C v H2, trong th tch H2 lun gp 3 ln th tch mi hirocacbon b phn hu. Bit X, Y, Z khng phi ng phn ca nhau. CTPT ca 3 cht trn l: A. CH4, C2H4, C3H4 C. C2H4, C2H6, C3H8 A. 2-etyl-2-metylbut-3-en. C. 3-etyl-3-metylbut-1-en. B. C2H6, C3H6, C4H6 D. C2H2, C3H4, C4H6 B. 2,2-imetylbut-3-en. D. 3,3-imetylpent-1-en.

Cu 10: Mt anken c tn c sai l: 2-metyl-2-etylbut-3-en. Tn c ng l:

Cu 11: Hirocacbon X cng hp vi axit HCl theo t l mol 1:1 to sn phm trong clo chim 45,223% theo khi lng. CTPT ca X l:

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A. C2H4

B. C3H4

C. C3H6

D. C4H8

Cu 12: Cho isopren (2-metylbuta-1,3-ien) phn ng cng vi brom theo t l 1:1 v s mol. Hi c th thu c ti a bao nhiu sn phm l ng phn cu to: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 13: Mt hh kh X gm ankin B v H2 c t khi hi so vi CH4 l 0,6. Nung nng hh X c xc tc Ni phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hh kh Y c t khi so vi CH4 l 1. Cho hh Y qua dd brom d th khi lng bnh cha dd brom tng ln l: A. 0 gam B. 4 gam C. 8 gam D. 16 gam Cu 14: C bao nhiu ng phn ankin c CTPT C5H8 tc dng c vi dd AgNO3/NH3 d to kt ta vng: A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Cu 15: t chy cng s mol 3 hirocacbon K, L, M thu c lng CO2 nh nhau v t l s mol H2O v CO2 i vi K, L, M tng ng bng 0,5 : 1 : 1,5. CTPT ca K, L, M ln lt l: A. C3H4, C3H6, C3H8 C. C2H2, C2H4, C2H6 Cu 16: S ng phn ca C4H8 l : A. 7. B. 4. C. 6. D. 5. Cu 17: Cho 270ml hh A gm H2, 1 anken X v 1 ankin Y. Nung nng A vi cht xc tc, sau mt thi gian thu c 120 ml 1 hirocacbon no duy nht. Nu t chy 30ml hh A th thu c 40ml kh CO2. CTPT ca X, Y l: A. C2H4, C2H2 B. C2H4, C3H4 C. C3H6, C3H4 D. C3H6, C4H6 Cu 18: p dng qui tc Maccopnhicop vo trng hp no sau y? A. Phn ng cng ca Br2 vi anken i xng. B. Phn ng trng hp ca anken C. Phn ng cng ca HX vo anken i xng. D. Phn ng cng ca HX vo anken bt i xng. Cu 19: Trong 1 bnh kn cha hh kh Z gm hirocacbon X v H2 vi Ni. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian ta thu c mt kh Y duy nht. t chy Y thu c 8,8g CO2 v 5,4g H2O. Bit VZ = 3VY. CTPT ca X l: A. C3H4 B. C3H8 C. C2H2 D. C2H4 B. Axetilen; ancol etylic; buta-1,3-ien D. Axetilen; but-2-en; buta-1,3-ien Cu 20 Cho s : CH4 A B D Caosu buna. A,B,D ln lt l: A. Axetilen; vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien C. Etilen; Vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien B. C4H4, C4H6, C4H8 D. C2H2, C2H4, C3H4

HNG DN GII Cu 1: Nhng hp cht no sau y c ng phn hnh hc (cis-trans)? CH3CH = CH2 (I); CH3CH = CHCl (II); CH3CH = C(CH3)2 (III); C2H5C(CH3)=C(CH3)C2H5(IV); C2H5C(CH3)=CClCH3(V). A. (I), (IV), (V). B. (II), (IV), (V). C. (III), (IV). D. (II), III, (IV), (V).

duonguc84@gmail.com Cu 2: t chay hoan toan hn hp gm 1 ankan va 1 anken. Cho san phm chay ln lt i qua binh 1 ng P2O5 d va binh 2 ng KOH rn, d thy binh 1 tng 4,14g, binh 2 tng 6,16g. S mol ankan co trong hn hp la: A. 0,06 gy nn) B. 0,09 nankan = C. 0,03 D. 0,045 HD t anken nCO2 = nH2O nn nu c s khc nhau v s mol gia CO2 v H2O l do hp cht khc

nH 2O nCO2 = 0,23 - 0,14 = 0,09 mol

Cu 3: Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1). C. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2). B. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2). D. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).

Cu 4: Khi t chy 1 lt hirocacbon X cn 6 lt O2 to ra 4 lt CO2. X c th lm mt mu dd brom. Khi cho X cng hp vi H2O (xt, t0) ta ch thu c mt sn phm duy nht. CTCT ca X l : A. CH3-C C-CH3 C. CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 HD: nO2/nCO2 = 1,5 => anken 1X 4CO2 B. CH3-CH=CH-CH3 D. CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 => C4H8

Cu 5: em hh cc ng phn mch h ca C4H8 cng vi H2O (H+, t0) th thu c ti a s sn phm cng l: A. 3 HD: C=C-C-C (2) C-C=C-C (1) trng 1 => 2 B. 4 C. 5 C=C-C C (2) D. 6

Cu 6: Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z ( th kh iu kin thng), k tip nhau trong dy ng ng, trong khi lng phn t Z gp i khi lng phn t X. t chy 0,1 mol cht Y, sn phm kh hp th hon ton vo dd Ca(OH)2 d th thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr a l: A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40 HD: Theo bi ra ta d dng thy l 3 kh C2H4, C3H6 v C4H10 ( th kh v Z = 2X) => Y l C3H6 Cu 7: Mt hh G gm propin C3H4 v ng ng A ca n c trn theo t l mol 1:1. Bit 0,672 lt (ktc) hh G tc dng va ht vi 45ml dd AgNO3 1M trong NH3. CT ca A l : A. CH C-CH2-CH3 C5H8 B. C2H2 C. CH3-C C-CH3 D.

HD: Sau khi td vi C3H4 => nAgNO3 d: nA = 1:2 => C2H2 Cu 8: Cho tt c ankan th kh iu kin thng tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l 1:1 th to ra bao nhiu dn xut mono clo tt c: A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 10 Cu 9: X, Y, Z l 3 hirocacbon th kh iu kin thng. Khi phn hu mi cht u to ra C v H2, trong th tch H2 lun gp 3 ln th tch mi hirocacbon b phn hu. Bit X, Y, Z khng phi ng phn ca nhau. CTPT ca 3 cht trn l: A. CH4, C2H4, C3H4 C. C2H4, C2H6, C3H8 HD: 2CxHy yH2 => y = 3.2 = 6 B. 2,2-imetylbut-3-en. D. 3,3-imetylpent-1-en. B. C2H6, C3H6, C4H6 D. C2H2, C3H4, C4H6

Cu 10: Mt anken c tn c sai l: 2-metyl-2-etylbut-3-en. Tn c ng l: A. 2-etyl-2-metylbut-3-en. C. 3-etyl-3-metylbut-1-en.

duonguc84@gmail.com Cu 11: Hirocacbon X cng hp vi axit HCl theo t l mol 1:1 to sn phm trong clo chim 45,223% theo khi lng. CTPT ca X l: A. C2H4 HD : CxHy + HCl B. C3H4 CxHy+1Cl C. C3H6 => 12x + y = 42 D. C4H8 => x = 3; y = 6

Cu 12: Cho isopren (2-metylbuta-1,3-ien) phn ng cng vi brom theo t l 1:1 v s mol. Hi c th thu c ti a bao nhiu sn phm l ng phn cu to: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 HD: cng 1,2 ; 3,4 v 1,4. ng phn cu to l 3 nu cu hnh hc l 4 (v 1,4 c p hnh hc) Cu 13: Mt hh kh X gm ankin B v H2 c t khi hi so vi CH4 l 0,6. Nung nng hh X c xc tc Ni phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hh kh Y c t khi so vi CH4 l 1. Cho hh Y qua dd brom d th khi lng bnh cha dd brom tng ln l: A. 0 gam B. 4 gam C. 8 gam D. 16 gam HD: M Y = 16 => hh Y phi c H2 d (MH2 <16) Cu 14: V phn ng hon ton m H2 d => SP thu c ch l ankan => A C bao nhiu ng phn ankin c CTPT C5H8 tc dng c vi dd AgNO3/NH3 d to kt ta vng: A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Cu 15: t chy cng s mol 3 hirocacbon K, L, M thu c lng CO2 nh nhau v t l s mol H2O v CO2 i vi K, L, M tng ng bng 0,5 : 1 : 1,5. CTPT ca K, L, M ln lt l: A. C3H4, C3H6, C3H8 C. C2H2, C2H4, C2H6 B. C4H4, C4H6, C4H8 D. C2H2, C2H4, C3H4

HD: => cng C. V t l s mol H2O v CO2 i vi K, L, M tng ng bng 0,5 : 1 : 1,5 => K, L, M l ankin (h.C thm), anken, ankan K: y/2x = 0,5 => x = y => C Cu 16: S ng phn ca C4H8 l : A. 7. B. 4.

C. 6.

D. 5.

Cu 17: Cho 270ml hh A gm H2, 1 anken X v 1 ankin Y. Nung nng A vi cht xc tc, sau mt thi gian thu c 120 ml 1 hirocacbon no duy nht. Nu t chy 30ml hh A th thu c 40ml kh CO2. CTPT ca X, Y l: A. C2H4, C2H2 B. C2H4, C3H4 C. C3H6, C3H4 D. C3H6, C4H6 HD: => anken, ankin cng C. gs t c 270 ml A => 40.270/30 = 360 ml CO2 C1: vit pt v t s mol gii bnh thng => n = 3 C2: l lun trc nghim: d dng thy Vanken,ankin = VhC no = 120ml => 360ml CO2 => n = 3 (v p va ) Cu 18: p dng qui tc Maccopnhicop vo trng hp no sau y? A. Phn ng cng ca Br2 vi anken i xng. B. Phn ng trng hp ca anken C. Phn ng cng ca HX vo anken i xng. D. Phn ng cng ca HX vo anken bt i xng. Cu 19: Trong 1 bnh kn cha hh kh Z gm hirocacbon X v H2 vi Ni. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian ta thu c mt kh Y duy nht. t chy Y thu c 8,8g CO2 v 5,4g H2O. Bit VZ = 3VY. CTPT ca X l: A. C3H4 B. C3H8 C. C2H2 D. C2H4 B. Axetilen; ancol etylic; buta-1,3-ien D. Axetilen; but-2-en; buta-1,3-ien Cu 20 Cho s : CH4 A B D Caosu buna. A,B,D ln lt l: A. Axetilen; vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien C. Etilen; Vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien

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