Relevant

Subject Equations Relationships

ρ=
CH 15 Fluids
Density S.I = kg/m 3
•Denser material has more mass in any given volume
ρwater=1000kg/
m3
P=
S.I=N/m2 •Pressure increases if force applied is increased or if the given
Pat=1.01 x 105 force is applied to a smaller area.
N/m2 •Pressure acts equally in all directions; acts at right angles to
Pressure 1 Pa=1N/m2 any surface.
Pat=101kPa
Pat=14.7 lb/in2
1 bar = 105 Pa
Pgauge=P-Pat

Ftop=PatA Barometers Water Seeks Its Own Level

Fbottom= Ftop + •Acts on idea that height •Each system has
W=PatA+ρ(hA)g difference is directly related to minimum energy
Static W=ρ(hA)g the atmospheric pressure that •When fluid levels are the
Equilibri Pbottom=Fbottom/A pushes down on the fluid in the same and higher energy
um P2=P1+ρgh bowl. (Pat=ρgh) when the levels are
Pbottom=Pat+ρgh different

Example:
Hydraulic Lift:
Force is •Regardless of the densities of each liquid, if combined in a U-
magnified but Shaped tube pressures at the base must be equal even if the
Pascal's the distance levels in the arms are not the same.
Principle it moves is
reduced by the •This is because external pressure applied to any point of the
same enclosed fluid is equally applied to all other part of the fluid.
magnification
factor.

Archimedes Principle: Buoyant force is equal to the weight of the

fluid that is displaced by the object. Buoyant force = weight of
displaced fluid, however, it does NOT depend on the weight of
Net Upward
force exerted the object.
by a fluid.
Fb=ρgV S.I=N Applications of Archimedes Principle
Complete
Submersion Flotation
•Object floats when buoyant force acting
on it equals it's weight.
•Object floats when it displaces an amount
of fluid equal to its weight.
Siri's •Changing the volume changes the
Buoyant
Formula buoyant force.
Force
(Body Fat) •Changing overall density also changes
buoyant force.
xf=( •Volume of a displaced fluid is the same as
the volume of the fluid that is submerged,
-
4.50 therefore Vsub=Vs( )

Situations