Bi 2: Mt s dng bi tp

Vin CNTT & TT

Trng HBK H Ni

Ni dung

Tnh ton vi cc biu thc n gin

S dng help
Tnh ton vi Ma trn v Vc t
th

Tnh ton vi cc biu thc n gin

Cc phm , tin hoc lui lnh, ,

thay i v tr trn dng lnh
// bt u ni dung ch thch

// The words after `//' are comments

// and explanations. Do not type them in.

Chnh xc 16 ch s thp phn, nhng ch

hin th 7 ch s thp phn

%pi
11*(15/11)-15

//3.1415925
//khc 0
3

Tnh ton vi cc biu thc n gin

Cho php s dng bin cha gi tr trung

gian

x = 2+3
y = 4+5
result1 = x/y

Du ; khng hin th kt qu

p = 2+3 ; // The semicolons supress

q = 3+5 ; // unwanted output.
ratio = p/q
4

Tnh ton vi cc biu thc n gin

Du , v ; c dng vit nhiu lnh

trn 1 dng

p = 2+3 ; q2 = x + 4 , ratio2 = p/q2 // All on

one line

Du ng m ngoc () lm biu thc r

rng hn

ratio = (2+3)/(x+4)

Tnh ton vi cc biu thc n gin

Php cng (+), tr (-), nhn (*), chia (/)

Php tnh sin (sin), cosin (cos), logarith c
s t nhin (log)...
Hng s %pi, %i...

cos( %pi/3 ) // Cc hm lng gic.

sin( %pi/6 ) // Scilab s dng radians.

Tnh ton vi cc biu thc n gin

S phc

%i=(-1)1/2 (cn bc hai ca -1)

Cc hm abs(x), real(x), imag(x)
abs(x): gi tr tuyt i; real(x): phn thc;
imag(x): phn o

x = 2 + 3*%i , y = 1 - 1*%i
z1 = x - y , z2 = x * y , z3 = x / y
abs( x ), real( x ), imag( x )

S dng help

C1: S dng help bng dng lnh vi c

php: help <name>

help sin // Thng tin v hm sin

help + // Thng tin v cc k hiu
help log // This is enough information about log
// to show log means log to the base e .

Ngoi ra apropos <name> tm kim vi t

kha a ra

apropos logarithm // Cung cp danh sch cc

hm cha thng tin v logarithm
8

S dng help

C2: S dng help qua menu

C3: S dng help trn internet

http://www.scilab.org/product/man/

Tnh ton vi Ma trn v Vc t

Khi to ma trn, mi dng c ngn cch

nhau bi ;, phn t

A = [ 1 2 -1; -2 -6 4 ; -1 -3 3 ], b = [ 1; -2; 1 ]

Cc hm khi to ma trn: ones, zeros, eye,

rand...

ones, zeros: gi tr phn t l 0/1; eye: ng

cho l 1; rand: gi tr ngu nhin
c = ones(4,3), d = zeros(20,1), I = eye(5,5)

10

Tnh ton vi Ma trn v Vc t

Ly 1 phn ma trn c php: A( i:j, k:l )

A(2,3), A(1:2,2:4), A(:,2), A(3,:), A(2:$,$)

Cc php cng (+), tr (-), nhn (*), chia

(/), tnh nh thc (det)...

A= [1 2 3 4 ; 1 4 9 16 ; 1 8 27 64 ; 1 16 81 256 ]
A //ma trn chuyn v
det(A) //ma trn A phi vung
inv(A) //hay A-1 ,ma trn A phi vung
11

Tnh ton vi Ma trn v Vc t

Xy dng a thc s dng hm poly()

v = [-4,-3,1], p = poly(v,'X','coeff')
t = poly(0,'x') // nh ngha t l bin x
p = t^2 - 3*t - 4 // biu din x^2 - 3 x -4

S dng cc hm tnh ton a thc nh root(),

horner(), derivat()

z = roots( p )// nghim ca a thc p

horner(p,2) // gi tr a thc ti x=2
derivat(p,'x') // o hm ca a thc p theo x

12

 th

V th 2 chiu, di dng im dng hm

plot2d()

x = [.5 .7 .9 1.3 1.7 1.8 ]'

y = [.1 .2 .75 1.5 2.1 2.4 ]'
plot2d(x,y, style=-1)
Ch thch: s dng help plot2d hiu thm v
style

13

 th

V th 2 chiu cho hm s dng deff() v

fplot2d()

deff('[y]=ham(x)',['y= x*abs(x)/(1+x^2)']);
x = (-5:0.1:5)';
fplot2d(x,ham)

V th theo trc logarith s dng plot2d1,

plot2d2, plot2d3, plot2d4()

14

 th

In th hoc lu th ra bo co

Bng cc chc nng tng ng trong menu File

Hoc lu li cc dng to Graph di dng Text

15