XY DNG BI TRC NGHIM VI POWERPOINT

Trn c Thun thuanup82-cntn@yahoo.com.vn 1. PowerPoint cho php to bi trc nghim hc sinh t n luyn Hin nay, c nhiu phn mm tin hc cho php son tho bi trc nghim theo cc nh dng, chun c quy nh sn bi chng trnh. Chng ta c th tm mua nhng phn mm tt v trc nghim, cho php t o v tr cc phng n, cu tr li, to b mi, kim tra thi gian lm bi, t chm im, t gi kt qu v trung tm... Tuy nhin, vi phn mm PowerPoint trong b Microsoft Office (hoc phn mm tng ng ca b Open Office, min ph, l Presentation), chng ta vn c th xy dng b cu hi trc nghim vi cc hnh nh minh ha hp dn v quan trng hn l c tnh tng tc, kh nng phn hi ng/sai hc sinh t hc. V PowerPoint v bn cht l mt phn mm trnh din, bo co trong hi ngh, chng ta c th linh hot s dng trong gio dc nhng khng th i hi qu cao PowerPoint nh cc phn mm chuyn dng. 2. Hai gii php cho cu hi trc nghim vi PowerPoint to phn hi cho cc la chn trc nghim, c hai gii php thng c s dng: s dng hyperlink (siu lin kt) hoc trigger. Vi cch dng hyperlink, chng ta s to thm slide lin kt n khi nhp vo la chn tng ng. Ni cch khc, s c cc slide pht sinh thm, tng ng vi cc la chn. Cch s dng trigger khng cn thm slide ph v cng c nhiu ngi bit. Trong bi vit ny, ti s gii thiu v cch s dng trigger to phn hi cho cu trc nghim, nhng trc ht, chng ta nn tm hiu thm v khi nim layer (lp) trong PowerPoint v n thc s hu ch, cho php chng ta tn dng cc slide mu c sn, gim rt nhiu thao tc. 3. Trigger v layer trong PowerPoint Trong PowerPoint, trigger c s dng km cc hiu ng hot ha (animation), cho php thc hin hiu ng theo ng cnh, mang tnh tng tc. S dng trigger, chng ta c th to ra cu thng bo ng/Sai v cc phn thng, li khen... ty theo cu la chn ca hc sinh l ng hay sai. Nu trong cng mt slide, chng ta khng dng trigger th tt c cc hiu ng s ln lt xut hin, c ng v sai u s hin ra bt k hc sinh chn la cu tr li no. Trn c Thun Trang 1

Cch thit lp trigger hiu ng trn i tng A ch c thc hin khi nhp chut vo i tng B, trong v d di y: hnh elip (Oval 2) ng vai i tng A, hnh ch nht ng vai cng tc B (rectangle 1). Chn i tng A ( y l hnh elip, Oval 2), t hiu ng ph hp t menu Slide Show, Custom animation..., Add Effect. Nhp vo mi tn bn cnh hiu ng tng ng (i tng Oval 2), chn Timing.

Nhp vo nt Triggers, chn Start effects on click of v chn tn ca i tng cng tc B ( y l rectangle 1). Sau khi xong, chn OK.

Nu slide PowerPoint ca bn c nhiu i tng, c bit l do ngi khc son tho bn s gp rc ri v khng bit cng tc B bn mong i c PowerPoint c t tn l g? Mt gii php c th dng ly tn ca B l t hiu ng (add effect) cho B, th ngay lp tc, tn ca B s c trong danh mc ca khung Custom animation... Sau khi bit tn, bn c th xa b hiu ng khng mong i va to bng nt Remove ti hiu ng y. Bn c th kim tra cng dng ca trigger bng cch xem th bn trnh din (bm phm F5). Bng thao tc Group (chn cc i tng, nhp chut phi ti mt i tng, chn trong menu Grouping), chng ta c th nhm nhiu i tng (tng ng l nhiu layer) thnh mt i tng duy nht. Thao tc Group rt hu ch, cho php n Trn c Thun Trang 2

gin ha qu trnh chn i tng, t hiu ng, thay i v tr... Tuy nhin, vic Group, Ungroup hoc thay i hnh v s dn n mt hiu ng, mt trigger v vic t li trigger d gy ri... Chng ta c th khc ch nhc im ny bng cc kin thc v layer. * Layer (lp): cng ging nhiu chng trnh khc trong Windows, PowerPoint t chc cc i tng ha (hnh v, textbox, ...) theo cc layer (lp). Khi to thm mt i tng ha mi th s c mt layer mi c to, nm v tr trn cng, ln cc layer trc. Nm cc layer khc nhau, hnh v c m bo tnh nguyn dng khi thay i v tr. Chng hn, nu v mt hnh ch nht v mt hnh trn c phn chung PowerPoint th sau chng ta c th ko ri chng, nhng nu v trong Paint hoc dng bt ch v trn cng mt t giy, vic tch ri s khng th m bo hnh dng c hai sau khi chng ta l v giao nhau. * Th t layer Cc i tng thuc layer trn s che khut phn giao vi cc i tng thuc layer di cng v tr. V d, hnh elip nm c v sau, nm layer trn nn che khut phn chung vi hnh ch nht c v trc.

Ti v tr c nhiu lp i tng, chng ta ch c th nhp chn i tng lp trn cng. Chng ta c th thay i th t ca layer bng cch nhp chn vo i tng thuc layer tng ng, nhp chut phi, chn lnh mong i trong mc Order: Bring to Front: i tng c chn s c y ln layer trn cng, che cc i tng khc. Sent to Back: i tng c chn s c y xung layer di cng, c th b cc i tng khc che. Bring Forward: y ln mt layer, ngha l hon chuyn layer vi i tng thuc layer k trn n. Send Backward: y xung mt lp, ngha l hon chuyn layer vi i tng thuc layer k di n. Trong trng hp ch mi c hai i tng, Bring to Front v Bring Forward c tc dng nh nhau. v d trn, sau khi i th t layer, th hnh ch nht che hnh elip. Trn c Thun Trang 3

Trong trng hp bn chn thay i layer cho nhiu i tng mt ln, th cc i tng trong nhm y s thay i th t layer so vi cc i tng khc, tuy nhin th t layer gia cc i tng trong nhm y khng i. * Mu ph hnh v Vi cc hnh c bin khp kn, PowerPoint cho php thay i mu sc ng bin v mu ph bn trong hnh v. i tng c t mu s che khut cc i tng nm bn di. khng che khut hnh bn di, hai gii php c th s dng: Chn No Fill khng t phn bn trong: h qu l bn s khng th chn c hnh bng cch nhp vo phn bn trong. Chn mt mu bt k, nhng trong sut (Transparency) l 100%: cch ny vn cho php bn hnh bng cch nhp vo phn bn trong.

4. To slide trc nghim mu vi PowerPoint Nhiu ngi s s dng trigger v s phc tp, d nhm mi khi thit lp. Vi nhng kin thc chun b mc 3, chng ta c th to mt slide trc nghim mu v n gin ha thao tc to cc cu trc nghim sau ny theo gii php ti xut qua cc bc di y: 4.1. Ngn cn vic nhy slide ngoi mong i trnh vic nhy slide ngoi mong i, chng ta s thc hin thao tc sau: vo menu Slide Show, Slide Transition..., trong phn Advance slide, ta b nh du On mouse click v c th t thi gian cho mi cu trc nghim Automatically after (t ng chuyn slide). Sau , chn Apply to All Slide.

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4.2. To cc mu phn hi Nhng g c to bc ny cho ta mt mu c th s dng lu di, khng nn xa. Nu khng dng n i tng no y, chng ta c th ko n ra phn mu xm, khu vc s khng hin th khi trnh din. To mt hnh ch nht mu xanh (tng ng vi 01 phng n ng), cc hnh ch nht mu (tng ng vi s phng n sai), kch thc ty chn. Thm vo cc i tng ng vai tr phn hi, phn thng... Vi mi cp i tng phn hi A v trigger (cng tc B) l hnh ch nht (xanh/) trn, ta t c 2 hiu ng xut hin (entrance) v bin mt (exit) vi (xem li hng dn mc 3, nu cn). Hiu ng exit c t thng bo t ng bin mt sau mt thi gian nh, nu bn cng nh ti, c cho hc sinh c chn la nhiu ln. VD: nu c 3 phng n tr li sai (3 trigger), th ta s t 6 ln hiu ng cho thng bo sai (3 entrance, 3 exit) vi 1 entrance + 1 exit cho mi trigger sai.

Chng ta c th to thm cc nt iu khin (v cu trc, ti cu sau, dng hn) bng cch chn t menu Slide Show, Action Buttons... 4.3. Thm vo ni dung cu trc nghim To mt bn sao t slide mu bng cch chn slide mu, vo menu Insert, chn Duplicate Slide, hoc cp lnh Copy, Paste. Dng textbox thm ch, chn hnh nh minh ha cho mi phng n tr li (nu mun)... Di chuyn cc hnh ch nht xanh, c to bc 4.2 n v tr phng n tr li tng ng. S dng thao tc thay i th t layer Bring to Front m bo cc hnh ch nht y lp trn cng, ph kn phng n tr li tng ng. Thay i trong sut transparency ca cc hnh ch nht xanh, thnh 100% n khng che cc phng n tr li bn di. Trn c Thun Trang 5

Bm F5 xem th, bn c mt bi trc nghim vi PowerPoint c hnh nh minh ha, tnh tng tc tt nu m bo cc bc hng dn m ti xut. Bn cnh vic lu ui .PPT chun, bn c th: Lu file ca bn vi ui .PPS (PowerPoint Show) (chn t File, Save as) my s t ng trnh din, hin th bi trc nghim mi khi m. Vo File, Pack and go ng gi bi trc nghim, chp ra CD em i dng my khc; t mt khu m bo tnh ring t...

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