B GIO DC V O TO THI CHNH THC

K THI CHN HC SINH GII QUC GIA THPT NM 2012 Mn :HO HC Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao ) Ngy thi th nht: 11/01/2012 thi c 02 trang, gm 05 cu

Cho : Th = 232; O = 16; Fe = 56; H = 1; C = 12. Cu 1: (3,0 im) 1.Phn t NH3 c dng hnh chp tam gic u (nguyn t N nh hnh chp).Ion NH4+ c dng hnh t din (nguyn t N nm tm ca t din u).Da vo s xen ph ca cc orbitan, hy m t s hnh thnh cc lin kt trong phn t NH3 v ion NH4+ . 2. S ph v cc lin kt Cl-Cl trong mt mol clo i hi mt nng lng bng 243 kJ (nng lng ny c th s dng di dng quang nng).Hy tnh bc sng ca photon cn s dng ph v lin kt Cl-Cl ca phn t Cl2. 3. S phn hu phng x ca 232Th tun theo phn ng bc 1. Nghin cu v s phng x ca thori ioxit, ngi ta bit chu k bn hu ca 232Th l 1,39.1010 nm. Hy tnh s ht b bc x trong 1 giy cho 1 gam thori ioxit tinh khit. Cho: tc nh sang c = 3.108 m.s-1; hng s Planck h = 6,625.10-34 J.s; hng s Avogaro NA= 6,022.1023 mol-1. Cu 2: (3,5 im) phn hu hiro peoxit (H2O2) vi cht xc tc l ion ioua trong dung dch c mi trng trung tnh, ngi ta trn dung dch H2O2 3%(chp nhn tng ng vi 30 gam H2O2 trong 1 lt dung dch) v dung dch KI 0,1M vi nc theo t l khc nhau v th tch tin hnh th nghim xc nh th tch (VO2) thot ra. Th nghim V(H2O2)( ml) V(KI) (ml) V(H2O)(ml) v(O2) (ml/pht) 298K v 1 atm. 1 25 50 75 4,4 2 50 50 50 8,5 3 100 50 0 17,5 4 50 25 75 4,25 5 50 100 0 16,5 1.Xc nh bc phn ng phn hu i vi H2O2 v i vi cht xc tc I-. 2.Vit phng trnh ho hc v biu thc tnh tc phn ng. 3. Tnh nng mol ca H2O2 khi bt u th nghim 4 v sau 4 pht. 4. C ch phn ng c xem l mt chui hai phn ng sau: k1 H2O2 + I- (1) H2O + IOk2 IO + H2O2 O2 + I + H2O (2) Hy cho bit hai phn ng ny xy ra vi tc nh nhau hay khc nhau? Phn ng no quyt nh tc phn ng gii phng oxi? Gii thch. Cu 3: ( 4,5 im) 1. a) Ti sao crom c kh nng th hin nhiu trng thi oxi ho ? Cho bit nhng s oxi ho ph bin ca crom? b) Nu v nhn xt s bin i tnh cht axit baz trong dy oxit: CrO, Cr2O3, CrO3.Vit phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng minh ho. c) Vit phng trnh ion ca cc phn ng iu ch Al2O3 v Cr2O3 t dung dch gm kali cromit v kali aluminat.

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2. Dung dch X gm K2Cr2O7 0,010M; KMnO4 0,010M; Fe2(SO4)3 0,0050M v H2SO4 (pH ca dung dch bng 0).Thm dung dch KI vo dung dch X cho n nng ca KI l 0,50M, c dung dch Y (coi th tch khng thay i khi thm KI vo dung dch X). a) Hy m t cc qu trnh xy ra v cho bit thnh phn ca dung dch Y. b) Tnh th ca in cc platin nhng trong dung dch Y. c) Cho bit kh nng phn ng ca Cu2+ vi I- (d) iu kin tiu chun.Gii thch. d) Vit s pin c ghp bi in cc platin nhng trong dung dch Y v in cc platin nhng trong dung dch gm Cu2+, I- (cng nng 1M) v cht rn CuI. vit phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng xy ra trn tng in cc v xy ra trong pin khi hot ng. Cho: E0(Cr2O72-/Cr3+) = 1,330V; E0(MnO4-/Mn2+)= 1,510V; E0(Fe3+/Fe2+) = 0,771V; RT = 0,0592; E0(I3-/I-)= 0,5355V; E0(Cu2+/Cu+) = 0,153V; pKs(CuI) = 12; 250C: 2,303 F Cr(z = 24). Cu 4.(4,5 im) 1. Ho tan hon ton 0,8120 gam mt mu qung st gm FeO, Fe2O3 v 35% tp cht tr trong dung dch HCl(d),thu c dung dch X. Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch X, thu c dung dch Y. Dung dch Y phn ng va vi 22,21 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,10M.Mt khc, ho tan ht 1,2080 gam mu qung trn trong dung dch HCl(d) ri thm ngay dung dch KMnO4 0,10M vo dung dch thu c cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton,th ht 15,26 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,10M. a) Vit phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng xy ra. b) Tnh th tch SO2 ( iu kin tiu chun) dng v thnh phn phn trm thep khi lng ca FeO,Fe2O3 c trong mu qung. 2. a) Tnh pH ca dung dch Na2A 0,022M. b) Tnh in li ca ion A2- trong dung dch Na2A 0,022M khi c mt NH4HSO4 0,001M. Cho: pKa(HSO4-) = 2,00; pKa(NH4+) = 9,24; pKa1(H2A) = 5,30; pKa2(H2A) = 12,60. Cu 5.(4,5 im) 1.Trong phng th nghim c mt chai ng dung dch NaOH, trn nhn c ghi : NaOH 0,10M. xc nh li chnh xc gi tr nng ca dung dch ny, ngi ta tin hnh chun dung dch axit oxalic bng dung dch NaOH trn. a) Tnh s gam axit oxalic ngm nc (H2C2O4.2H2O) cn ly khi ho tan ht trong nc c 100 ml dung dch axit,ri chun hon ton 10 ml dung dch axit ny th ht 15 ml NaOH 0,10M. b) Hy trnh by cch pha ch 100 ml dung dch axit oxalic t s gam tnh c trn. c) Khng cn tnh ton, hy cho bit c th dung nhng dung dch ch th no cho php chun trn trong s cc dung dch ch th sau: metyl da cam ( pH = 4,40); phenol ( pH = 8,0), phenolphtalein(pH = 9,0)? V sao? Cho: pKa1(H2C2O4) = 1,25; pKa2(H2C2O4) = 4,27. 2. C 6 l ho cht b mt nhn, mi l ng mt dung dch mui nitrat ca mt kim loi: Ba(NO3)2, Al(NO3)3, Pb(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, AgNO3, Cd(NO3)2. nhn bit tng dung dch mui, ch c dung 3 dung dch thuc th.Hy cho bit tn ca 3 dung dch thuc th v trnh by cch tin hnh th nghim nhn bit mi dung dch mui ng trong mi l v vit phng trnh ho hc (dng phng trnh ion,nu c) minh ho. -----------------------HT--------------------* Th sinh khng c s dng ti liu * Gim th khng gii thch g thm.

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