SCALARS and VECTORS

Vector Quantity composed of a magnitude and direction

Scalar
Quantity composed of a magnitude only
Scalars and Vectors

Graphical Method

Vector is represented by arrow The direction of the arrow indicates direction

Scalars and Vectors

300 m E Resultant Vector or Resultant is the sum of vector A and B. A 600 m E C 200 m E 1st Vector 2nd Vector 3rd Vector Same direction = vectors are added
Added vectors are called component vectors

300 m E B

400 m W

The resultant is always drawn from the tail of the first vector to the head of the last vector

Different direction = vectors areScalars subtracted and Vectors

55 m N

B 30
A 95 m E

The resultant displacement is 110m at 30 north of east

Use the ruler to solve the resultant displacement

Scalars and Vectors

Analytical Method

The sum of any two vectors can also be found using trigonometry.

Scalars and Vectors

sin = opposite side/ hypotenuse sin = Vy / V ; Vy = V sin cos = adjacent side/ hypotenuse cos = Vx / V ; Vx = V cos tan = opposite side/ adjacent side tan = Vy / Vx ; = tan -1 Vy / Vx

Vy

Vx

Scalars and Vectors

Addition on more than Two Vectors Graphical Method = Drawn from head to tail Resultant vector is drawn by closing the polygon

B = 40m E C = 50m S A = 70m N D = 30 m E

Scalars and Vectors

Resultant

 A single force that is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the resultant of several forces acting on a point, which produces equilibrium.

What is Equilibrant?
Scalars and Vectors