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Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ha Thy Ngc

Phng php gii bi tp c trng v Cacbohidrat

PHNG PHP GII BI TP C TRNG V CACBOHIRAT BI TP T LUYN


Dng 1: Bi tp v phn ng t chy cacbohirat Cu 1: t chy hon ton 0,5130 gam mt cacbohirat (X) thu c 0,4032 lit CO2(ktc) v 2,97 gam nc. X c phn t khi < 400 vC v c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Tn gi ca X l A. Glucoz B. Saccaroz C. Fructoz D. Mantoz Cu 2: t chy hon ton 0,9 gam mt loi gluxit thu c thu c 1,32 gam CO2 v 0,54 gam H2O. Bit khi lng phn t ca gluxit l 180 vC. Xc nh cng thc cu to dng mch h ca gluxit ? A. CH2OH-(CHOH)4-CHO B. CH2OH-(CHOH)3-CO-CH2OH C.A, B u sai D. A, B u ng. Cu 3: Khi t chy mt loi gluxit, ngi ta thu c khi lng nc v CO2 theo t l 33: 88. Cng thc phn t ca gluxit l mt trong cc cht no sau y : A. C6H12O6 B. Cn(H2O)m C. (C6H19O50)n D. C12H22O11 Dng 2: Bi tp v tnh kh ca cacbohirat Cu 1: Cho 50 ml dung dch glucoz cha r nng tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c 2,16 gam bc kt ta. Nng mol/l ca dung dch glucoz dng l A. 0,20M B. 0,01M C. 0,02M D. 0,10M (Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2007) Cu 2: un nng 37,5 gam dung dch glucoz vi lng AgNO3/dung dch NH3 d, thu c 6,48 gam bc. Nng % ca dung dch glucoz l A. 11,4% B. 14,4% C. 13,4% D. 12,4% Cu 3: un nng 27 gam glucoz vi AgNO3/NH3 d. Lc ly Ag ri cho vo dung dch HNO3 c nng, d th sau phn ng khi lng dung dch axit tng a gam. Gi s cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca a l: A. 18,6 B. 32,4 C. 16,2 D. 9,3 Cu 4: Khi lng kt ta ng (I) oxit to thnh khi un nng dung dch hn hp cha 9 gam glucoz v lng d ng (II) hiroxit trong mi trng kim l A. 1,44 gam B. 3,6 gam C. 7,2 gam D. 14,4 gam Cu 5: Mt cacbohirat X c phn t khi 342, X khng c tnh kh. Cho 8,55 gam X tc dng vi dung dch axit clohiric ri cho sn phm tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong amoniac, un nh thu c 10,8 gam Ag. X l A. xenluloz. B. saccaroz. C. glucoz. D. fructoz. Cu 6: Lng glucoz cn dng to ra 1,82 gam sobitol vi hiu sut 80% l A. 2,25 gam. B. 1,80 gam. C. 1,82 gam. D. 1,44 gam. (Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2008) Dng 3: Bi tp v phn ng thy phn cacbohirat Cu 1: Thu phn hon ton 1 kg mantoz c A. 1 kg glucoz. B. 1,0526 kg glucoz C. 2 kg glucoz. D. 1 kg glucoz v 1 kg fructoz. Cu 2: Thy phn 324 gam tinh bt vi hiu sut ca phn ng l 75%, khi lng glucoz thu c l A. 250 gam. B. 300 gam. C. 360 gam. D. 270 gam. Cu 3: Khi lng saccaroz thu c t 1 tn nc ma cha 13% saccaroz, vi hiu sut thu hi t 80% l A. 104 kg B. 140 kg C. 105 kg D. 106 kg Cu 4: Thy phn hon ton 3,42 gam saccaroz trong mi trng axit, thu c dung dch X. Cho ton b dung dch X phn ng ht vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A. 43,20 B. 4,32 C. 2,16 D. 21,60 (Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2010) Cu 5: Thy phn hn hp gm 0,02 mol saccaroz v 0,01 mol mantoz mt thi gian thu c dung dch X (hiu sut phn ng thy phn mi cht u 75%). Khi cho ton b X tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th lng Ag thu c l A. 0,090 mol B. 0,12 mol C. 0,095 mol D. 0,06 mol (Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi B 2011) Dng 4: Bi tp v phn ng ln men ca glucoz Cu 1: Khi ln men 360 gam glucoz vi hiu sut 100%, khi lng ancol etylic thu c l A. 184 gam. B. 276 gam. C. 92 gam. D. 138 gam. Cu 2: Khi ln men a gam glucoz vi hiu sut 80%, ta c 368 gam ancol etylic. Gi tr ca a l A. 1440 B. 1800 C. 1120 D. 900 Cu 3: Khi lng ru etylic thu c khi cho ln men 10 tn bt ng cc cha 80% tinh bt vi hiu sut 37,5% l (tn): Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 1 -

Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ha Thy Ngc

Phng php gii bi tp c trng v Cacbohidrat

A. 92 B. 9,2 C. 1,704 D. 17,04 Cu 4: Ln men dung dch cha 300 gam glucoz thu c 92 gam ancol etylic. Hiu sut qu trnh ln men to thnh ancol etylic l A. 54% B. 40% C. 80% D. 60% (Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2011) Cu 5: Mun iu ch 2 lt dung dch C2H5OH 4M, ta dng a gam b ma (cha 40% xenluloz). Bit hiu sut ca c qu trnh iu ch l 80%, gi tr ca a l: A. 2025 B. 324 C. 1296 D. 810 Cu 6: Cho 2,5 kg glucoz cha 20% tp cht ln men thnh ru. Tnh th tch ru 40o thu c, bit ru nguyn cht c khi lng ring 0,8 g/ml v trong qu trnh ch bin, ru b hao ht mt 10%. A. 3194,4 ml. B. 2500,0 ml. C. 2875,0 ml. D. 2300,0 ml. Cu 7: Cho ln men 1 m3 nc r ng glucoz thu c 60 lit cn 960. Bit khi lng ring ca ancol etylic bng 0,789 g/ml 200C v hiu sut qu trnh ln men t 80%. Khi lng glucoz c trong thng nc r glucoz l bao nhiu kilogam? A. 71 kg B. 74 kg C. 89 kg D. 111 kg Cu 8: Khi lng ca tinh bt cn dng trong qu trnh ln men to thnh 5 lt ancol etylic 460 l (bit hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 72% v khi lng ring ca ancol etylic nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml) A. 5,4 kg B. 5,0 kg C. 6,0 kg D. 4,5 kg (Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi B 2008) Cu 9: Ln men m gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng CO2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung dch nc vi trong, thu c 10 gam kt ta. Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 3,4 gam so vi khi lng dung dch nc vi trong ban u. Gi tr ca m l A. 20,0 B. 30,0 C. 13,5 D. 15,0 (Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2009) Cu 10: Ancol etylic c iu ch t tinh bt bng phng php ln men vi hiu sut ton b qu trnh l 90%, Hp th ton b lng CO2, sinh ra khi ln men m gam tinh bt vo nc vi trong , thu c 330 gam kt ta v dung dch X. Bit khi lng X gim i so vi khi lng nc vi trong ban u l 132 gam. Gi tr ca m l A. 405 B. 324 C. 486 D.297 (Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2011) Cu 11: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO2 sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un k dung dch X thu thm c 100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 550 B. 810 C. 750 D. 650 (Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2007) Cu 12: Ln men hon ton m gam glucoz thnh ancol etylic. Ton b kh CO2 sinh ra trong qu trnh ny c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d to ra 40 gam kt ta. Nu hiu sut ca qu trnh ln men l 75% th gi tr ca m l A. 60 B. 58 C. 30 D. 48 (Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2009) Cu 13: Cho glucoz ln men vi hiu sut 70% hp th ton b sn phm kh thot ra vo 2 lit dung dch NaOH 0,5M (D = 1,05g/ml) thu c dung dch cha hai mui vi tng nng l 3,21%. Khi lng glucoz dng l: A. 67,5 gam B. 96,43 gam C. 135 gam D. 192,86 gam Cu 14: T 180 gam glucoz, bng phng php ln men ru, thu c a gam ancol etylic (hiu sut 80%). Oxi ha 0,1a gam ancol etylic bng phng php ln men gim, thu c hn hp X. trung ha hn hp X cn 720 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Hiu sut qu trnh ln men gim l A. 80% B. 90% C. 10% D. 20% (Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2010) Cu 15: C th tng hp ru etylic t CO2 theo s sau: CO2 Tinh bt Glucoz Ru etylic Tnh th tch CO2 sinh ra km theo s to thnh ru etylic nu CO2 lc u dng l 1120 lit (ktc) v hiu sut ca mi qu trnh ln lt l 50%; 75%; 80%. A. 373,3 lit B. 280 lit C. 149,3 lit D. 112 lit Dng 5: Bi tp v cc phn ng iu ch sn phm ng dng ca cacbohirat Cu 1: T 16,20 tn xenluloz ngi ta sn xut c m tn xenluloz trinitrat (H=90%). Gi tr ca m l: A. 26,73 B. 33,00 C. 25,46 D. 29,70 (Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2008) Cu 2: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t xenluloz v axit nitric c c xc tc axit sunfuric c, nng. c 29,7 kg xenluloz trinitrat, cn dng dung dch m kg axit nitric (hiu sut phn ng 90%). Gi tr ca m l A. 30 B. 10 C. 21 D. 42 Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 2 -

Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ha Thy Ngc

Phng php gii bi tp c trng v Cacbohidrat

(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi B 2007) Cu 3: Dng 340,1 kg xenluloz v 420 kg HNO3 nguyn cht c th thu c bao nhiu tn xenluloz trinitrat, bit s hao ht trong qu trnh sn xut l 20%? A. 0,75 tn B. 0,6 tn C. 0,5 tn D. 0,85 tn Cu 4: Th tch ca dung dch axit nitric 63% (D = 1,4 g/ml) cn va sn xut c 59,4 kg xenluloz trinitrat (hiu sut 80%) l A. 42,34 lt B. 42,86 lt C. 34,29 lt D. 53,57 lt (Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2009) Cu 5: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t phn ng gia axit nitric vi xenluloz (hiu sut phn ng 60% tnh theo xenluloz). Nu dng 2 tn xenluloz th khi lng xenluloz trinitrat iu ch c l A. 2,20 tn B. 1,10 tn C. 2,97 tn D. 3,67 tn (Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2011) Cu 6: Khi cho xenluloz phn ng vi anhirit axetic c cht xc tc l H2SO4 c th thu c 11,1 gam hn hp A gm xenluloz triaxetat v xenluloz iaxetat v gii phng 6,6 gam axit axetic. Phn trm theo khi lng ca xenluloz iaxetat trong hn hp X l: A. 77,8 % B. 72,5 % C. 22,2 % D. 27,5 % Cu 7: T glucoz, c th iu ch cao su buna theo s sau y:

glucoz

ancol etylic

buta 1,3 ien

cao su Buna

Bit hiu sut ca qu trnh iu ch l 75%, mun thu c 32,4 kg cao su th khi lng glucoz cn dng l A. 144 kg. B. 108 kg. C. 81 kg. D. 96 kg.

Gio vin: V Khc Ngc Ngun: Hocmai.vn

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit

Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12

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