Gio vin: Phm Vn Tng

D: 0975.150.887

Bi 1: t chy hon ton m gam cht hu c A bng 10,36 lt O2 (ktc) va . Sn phm chy gm CO2, H2O v N2. Dn tt c sn phm chy qua bnh ng dung dch NaOH d, thy khi lng bnh tng thm 19,45 gam v c 0,56 lt mt kh tr (ktc) thot ra. a.Tnh m. b.Xc nh CTPT ca A. Bit rng nu dng 100 ml dung dch NaOH 8M hp th sn phm chy th sau phi cn dng 50 ml dung dch HCl 2M trung ha lng baz cn d v t khi hi ca A so vi oxi nh hn 3,5. c.Xc nh CTCT c th c ca A, bit rng c th iu ch A t toluen bng hai phn ng lin tip. Vit cc phn ng xy ra. c tn A. p n: m = 5,35g; C7H9N; A: o-Toluiin; p- Toluiin; Benzylamin Bi 2: t chy hon ton 1,18 gam amin n chc B bng mt lng khng kh va . Dn ton b hn hp kh sau phn ng vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, uc 6 gam kt ta v c 9,632 lt kh (ktc) duy nht thot khi bnh. a) Tm cng thc phn t ca B; b) Vit cc cng thc cu to c th c ca B v gi tn. Gi thit trong khng kh c 20% O2 v 80% N2 v th tch. p n: C3H9N. Bi 3: Cho 500 gam benzen phn ng vi hn hp HNO3 c v H2SO4. Nitrobenzen sinh ra c kh thnh anilin. a) Tnh khi lng nitrobenzen v anilin thu c, bit hiu sut mi giai on u t 78%. b) Lng nitrobenzen cha tham gia phn ng kh c em kh tip thnh anilin. Tnh hiu sut phn ng kh ln th hai, bit thu thm c 71,61 gam anilin. c) Cho bit phng php ha hc xc nhn rng trong sn phm anilin cn ln nitrobenzen. p n: 615 gam; 362,7 gam; hiu sut 70%; Nitrobenzen khng tan trong dung dch HCl. Bi 4: Cho 27,60 gam hn hp gm anilin, phenol, axit axetic v ru etylic. Ha tan hn hp trong n-hexan ri chia thnh ba phn bng nhau. Trong iu kin ny, coi nh anilin khng tc dng vi axit axetic. Phn th nht tc dng vi Na d cho 1,68 lt kh (o ktc). Phn th hai tc dng vi nc brom d cho 9,91 gam kt ta. Phn th ba phn ng ht vi 18,5 ml dung dch NaOH 11% (khi lng ring 1,1 g/ml). Tnh thnh phn % khi lng cc cht trong hn hp, bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. p n: 8,36%; 22,47%; 22,17%; 47,00% Bi 5: t chy hon ton 1,605 gam hp cht A uc 4,62 gam CO2, 1,215 gam H2O v 168 cm3 N2 (o ktc). a) Tnh thnh phn % cc nguyn t. b) 3,21 gam hp cht A phn ng ht vi 30 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Vit cc cng thc cu to c th c ca A, bit A l ng ng ca anilin. p n: 78,5% C; 8,4% H; 13,1% N; C7H9N (3 CTCT) Bi 6: Mt hp cht hu c A l hp cht amin. t chy hon ton m gam A bng mt lng khng kh va to thnh CO2, H2O v N2. Cho ton b sn phm chy i qua bnh ng Ca(OH)2 d thy c 20 gam kt ta xut hin., khi lng dd gim so vi ban u l 4,9 gam. Kh N2 ra khi bnh c th tch 34,72 lt (ktc). 1. Tm m, xc nh CT n gin nht ca A. 2. Xc nh CTPT, bit t khi hi ca A so vi nit < 2. Xc nh CTCT v tn gi ca A. 3. T CH4 ban u vi cc hp cht v c, xc tc v iu kin thch hp hy iu ch A. p n: 1. m = 4,5 (g); CT n gin ca A: C2H7N. 2. CH3 NH CH3 (imetyl amin) Bi 7: C 2 amin bc 1: A (ng ng ca anilin) v B (ng ng ca metylamin). t chy hon ton 3,21 gam amin A sinh ra kh CO2, hi nc v kh 336 cm3 N2 (ktc). t chy hon ton amin B thy VCO2 : VH2O = 2 : 3. Xc nh CTCT ca A v B, bit A c tip u ng para, B c tip u ng n. So snh tnh baz ca A v B. Bi tp amin aminoaxit peptit protein 1

Gio vin: Phm Vn Tng p n: CTCT ca A: NH2

D: 0975.150.887 CTCT ca B: CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 n propylamin para metyl anilin

CH3 n propylamin c tnh baz mnh hn para metyl anilin: V gc C3H7 y electron v pha NH2 lm tng mt e ca N to iu kin d dng thu H+ ngha l tnh baz mnh. Para metyl anilin c tnh baz yu hn, d c CH3+ y e nhng do hiu ng lin hp p - - ca N vi nhn thm lm gim mnh mt e ca N lm kh thu H+ ngha l tnh baz yu hn. Bi 8: t chy hon ton mt amin thm bc nht A thu c 1,568 lt kh CO2, 1,232 lt hi nc v 0,336 lt kh tr. trung ha ht 0,05 mol A cn 200 mol dd HCl 0,75 M. Bit cc th tch kh o ktc. Xc nh CTPT ca A. p n: CTPT ca A: C7H11N3. Bi 9: A l mt cht hu c c cha nit. t chy hon ton m gam A cn dng 17,64 lt khng kh (ktc). Sn phm chy gm kh cacbonic, hi nc v kh nit. Cho tt c cc cht sau phn ng chy hp th vo bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 c d. Khi lng bnh ng tng thm 6,39 gam cn khi lng dung dch th gim 11,34 gam so vi khi lng dung dch Ba(OH)2 lc u. C 14,448 lt mt kh tr (ktc) thot ra. a. Tnh m. b. Xc nh CTPT ca A. Bit rng CTPT ca A cng l cng thc n gin ca n. Khng kh gm 20% O2, 80% N2 theo th tch. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. c. Xc nh cc CTCT c th c ca A v c tn cc cht ny. d. A l mt amin bc 3. Xc nh CTCT ng ca A. Vit phng trnh phn ng gia A vi: - H2O - HCl - Dung dch FeCl3 e. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch A t metan bng hai cch (cc cht v c, xc tc c sn) p n: m = 1,77g; C3H9N; 4 CTCT Bi 10: A l mt cht hu c. Kh A bng hiro nguyn t mi sinh th thu c cht hu c B. B l hp cht cha mt nhm chc, c tnh baz, c t khi so vi hiro bng 28,5. 1. Xc nh CTPT ca A. 2. Xc nh cc CTCT c th c ca A. 3. Xc nh CTCT ng ca A. nu gc hidro gn vo nhm chc bc nht. Vit cc phn ng xy ra. p n: C3H7NO2; 1-Nitropropan Bi 11: Hn hp A gm hai amin thuc dy ng ng anilin c khi lng phn t hn km nhau 14 vC. Cho bit 13,21 gam hn hp A tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch HCl 1,3 M. a. Xc nh CTCT c th c ca cc amin trong hn hp A. b. Tnh % khi lng mi cht trong hn hp A. c. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch amin c khi lng phn t nh trong hn hp A t kh thin nhin. Cc cht v c, xc tc coi nh c sn. p n: 35,20% anilin; 64,80% C7H7NH2 Bi 12: Hn hp kh A gm imetylamin v hai hidrocacbon l ng ng lin tip. Trn 100 ml A vi 500 ml O2 d ri t chy ht hn hp A. Th tch hn hp kh sau khi t chy l 650 ml. Cho hn hp ny qua H2SO4 c th cn li 370 ml v cho qua tip KOH c th cn 120 ml kh. Bit imetylamin chy thnh CO2, H2O v N2. Cc kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut. a) Hy xc nh CTPT cc hidrocacbon. b) Tnh % th tch mi cht trong hn hp A. Bi tp amin aminoaxit peptit protein 2

Gio vin: Phm Vn Tng p n: a) C2H4 v C3H6. b) % (CH3)2NH = 20%, % C2H4 = 30%, % C3H6 = 50%.

D: 0975.150.887

Bi 13: t chy hon ton 2,67 gam hp cht hu c A cha C, H, O, N ngi ta thu c 3,96 gam CO2 v 1,98 gam H2O. Khi phn tch 1,335 gam A bng phng php Kjeldahl th kh NH3 sinh ra c trung ha bi 55 ml dd H2SO4 0,5 M; axit cn d th c trung ha bi 50 ml dd NaOH 0,8 M. 1. Xc nh CT nguyn ca hp cht hu c A. 2. Tm CTPT ca A bit rng khi lm bay hi 2,24 gam hn hp A v etyl amin trn theo t l 1 : 3 th thu c 0,52 lt hi 81,9oC v 2,24 atm. 3. Cht A tc dng vi H2SO4 v KOH u to ra mui v A l hp cht thin nhin. Vy A c CTCT nh th no? Tn gi A l g? Xc nh khi lng A va khi tc dng vi 125 ml dd 0,6 M ca H2SO4 hoc ca KOH. Bi 14: Cho a gam hn hp hai amino axit no mch h cha mt chc axit v mt chc amino tc dng vi 110 ml dung dch HCl 2M, c dung dch A. tc dng ht cc cht trong dung dch A cn dng 140 ml dung dch KOH 3M. Mt khc t chy a gam hn hp hai amino axit cho trn v cho sn phm chy qua dung dch NaOH d th khi lng bnh ny tng thm 32,8 gam. a. Xc nh CTPT ca hai amino axit, bit t l khi lng phn t ca chng l 1,37. b. Tnh % v s mol ca mi amino axit trong hn hp ban u. p n: 75% H2N - CH2 - COOH; 25% H2N - C3H6 - COOH Bi 15: A l mt amino axit. 1. Cho 0,01 mol A tc dng va vi 80 ml dd HCl 0,125 M, sau em c cn dd th thu c 1,835 gam mui khan. Tnh phn t lng ca A. 2. Trung ha 2,94 gam A bng mt lng va dd NaOH, em c cn dd thu c 3,82 gam mui. Xc nh CTCT ca A, bit A l mt - amino axit. Bi 16: 1. Amino axit A cha mt nhm chc amin bc nht trong phn t. t chy hon ton mt lng A thu c CO2 v N2 theo t l th tch l 4 : 1. Xc nh A, gi tn. 2. Amino axit B c cng thc N(CH2)n(COOH)m. Ly mt lng cht A v 3,82 gam B. Hai cht A v B c s mol bng nhau. t chy hon ton lng cht A v B trn, th tch kh O2 cn dng t chy ht B nhiu hn t chy ht A l 1,344 lt (ktc). Tm CTPT, CTCT v gi tn. 3. Mt hn hp M gm A v B. M phn ng va ht vi 120 ml dd HCl 1 M. Dung dch thu c phn ng va ht vi 70 ml dd NaOH 4 M. Tnh phn trm khi lng ca A v B trong M. Bi 17: Hn hp X gm hai amino axit no, bc nht A v B. A cha hai nhm axit, mt nhm amino. B cha mt MA nhm axit, mt nhm amino. = 1,96. t chy 1 mol A hoc 1 mol B th s mol CO2 thu c nh hn 6. MB 1. Tm CTPT ca A v B. 2. Cho 52,2 gam hn hp X vo 350 ml dd HCl 2 M c dd Y. a) Chng minh rng trong Y cn d HCl. b) Tnh khi lng mi amino axit trong 52,2 gam hn hp X. Bit rng cc cht trong dd Y tc dng va vi 400 ml dd NaOH 3,5 M. 3. t chy hon ton 5,22 gam hn hp X bng tia la in vi O2 d (nit trong amino axit chy to thnh NO2) ri ly ton b sn phm cho vo 200 gam dd NaOH 8%, c dd Z. Tnh C% ca NaOh d dng trong Z. Bi 18: Mt hn hp Y gm hai amino axit Y1 v Y2 trong phn t ca mi cht ch c mt mch cacbon (mch h), tng s mol Y1 v Y2 l 0,1 mol v khng c amino axit no c t ba nhm COOH tr ln. Cho hn hp Y tc dng vi 100 ml dd H2SO4 0,55 M. Sau phn ng, tc dng ht vi H2SO4 cn d phi dng 10 ml dd NaOH 1 M. Ly hn hp Y tc dng va vi 200 ml dd Ba(OH)2 0,3 M, sau khi c cn dd sau phn ng c 17,04 gam mui khan. Nu t chy hon ton hn hp Y ri cho sn phm qua nc vi trong d thu c 26 gam kt ta. Bi tp amin aminoaxit peptit protein 3

Gio vin: Phm Vn Tng

D: 0975.150.887

Bit cht Y1 c s nguyn t C nh hn Y2 nhng chim t l mol nhiu hn Y2. Xc nh CTCT c th c ca Y1 v Y2. Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng ca Y1 v Y2 trong hn hp Y. Bi 19: Mt cht hu c thin nhin (A) cha C, H, N,O c t khi hi i vi nit l 3,18. t chy hon ton 0,2 mol cht A thu c 0,6 mol CO2 v 0,1 mol N2. 1. Xc nh CTPT, CTCT v gi tn A bit A tc dng c vi axit v baz. 2. Xc nh CTCT ca cc ng phn A1; A2; A3 ca A bit rng: A1: tc dng vi hn hp Fe + HCl to ra mt amin bc mt, mch thng. A2: tc dng vi dd NaOH un nng thu c ru metylic. A3: tc dng vi dd NaOH un nng thu c mt cht kh c mi khai v nh hn khng kh. Bi 22: Hp cht hu c A ch cha hai loi nhm chc: amino v cacboxyl. Cho 100 ml dd ca A nng 0,3 M phn ng va vi 48 ml dd NaOH 1,25 M. Sau em c cn dd th thu c 5,31 gam mui khan. 1. Hy xc nh CTPT ca A. 2. Vit CTTC ca A, bit A c mch C khng nhnh v nhm amino v tr . Bi 23: Cho 0,01 mol hp cht A tc dng va vi 80 ml dung dch HCl 0,125M, sau em c cn th c 1,835 gam mui. Nu trung ha 2,94 gam A bng mt lng va NaOH, ri em c cn th c 3,82 gam mui. Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca A, bit rng l mt -amino axit c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh. p n: Axit glutamic. Bi 24: Hn hp A gm hai amino axit cha mt nhm amino, mt nhm chc axit, no, mch h. Cho m gam A tc dng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch HCl 2M (c d), thu c dung dch B. tc dng ht vi cc cht trong dung dch B cn dng va 250 ml dung dch NaOH 2,8M. t chy hon ton m gam A, ri cho sn phm chy hp th vo dung dch NaOH c d, khi lng bnh ng dung dch NaOH tng thm 52,3 gam. a.Tnh m. b.Xc nh CTCT mi cht trong hn hp A, bit rng khi lng phn t hai cht trong hn hp A hn km nhau 14 vC. Sn phm ca hn hp A gm CO2, H2O v N2. p n: m = 25,3 gam; 29,64% H2N CH2 COOH; 70,36% H2N C2H4 COOH. Bi 25: A l cht hu c khng phn ng vi Na. Thy phn A trong dung dch NaOH ch to ra mt mui ca amino axit (amino axit c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh cha mt nhm amino v hai nhm cacboxyl) v mt ru n chc. Thy phn hon ton mt lng cht A trong 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M ri c cn, thu c 1,84 gam mt ru B v 6,22 gam cht rn khan C. un nng lng ru B trn vi dung dch H2SO4 m c 170C thu c 0,672 lt olefin (ktc) vi hiu sut phn ng l 75%. Cho ton b cht rn C tc dng vi dung dch HCl d ri c cn, thu c cht rn khan D. Qu trnh c cn khng xy ra phn ng. a) Tm CTPT v vit CTCT ca A. b) Tnh khi lng cht rn D. p n: A: C9H17O4N (ietyl glutamat); 9,52 gam D (D: mui clorua ca axit glutamic v NaCl) Bi 26: Peptit A c KLPT l 307 v cha 13,7% nit. Khi thy phn mt phn thu c hai peptit B, C. Bit 0,48 gam B phn ng (khi un nng) vi HCl 0,536 M. 0,708 gam cht C phn ng (khi un nng) hon ton vi 15,7 ml dung dch KOH 2,1% (d= 1,02 g/ml). Xc nh CTCT ca A v gi tn cc - amino axit to thnh A.

Ngun ti liu: 300 BT Ha hc hu c (L ng Khoa) Gio khoa ha hu c (V Hng Thi)

Bi tp amin aminoaxit peptit protein