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TI LIU TP HUN FTTx

Chng I: Tng quang FTTx v cc cng ngh trin khai FTTH I.1 C bn v FTTx v xu hng pht trin. FTTx (Fiber To The x) l 1 thut ng chung m t bt k mt kin trc mng bng thng rng no m s dng cp quang thay th mt phn hay tt c m ch vng truyn dn bng cp ng thng thng t trm vin thng cui n khch hng. FTTx bao gm cc loi sau : + FTTO (Fiber To The Office): Cp quang n vn phng. + FTTC (Fiber To The Curb/Cabinet): Cp quang n va h. + FTTB (Fiber To The Building): Cp quang n cc ta cao c. + FTTH (Fiber To The Home). Cp quang n H gia nh.

Hin nay, cng ngh FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home l mng vin thng bng thng rng bng cp quang c ni n tn nh cung cp cc dch v tc cao nh in thoi, Internet tc cao v TV) ang c trin khai kh mnh m trn th gii.

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Khi dng cng ngh FTTH, ng truyn dn hon ton bng cp quang ti tn phng my ca ngi s dng. Cht lng truyn dn tn hiu n nh khng b suy hao tn hiu bi nhiu in t, thi tit hay chiu di cp nh i vi ADSL. V i cng ngh FTTH, nh cung cp dch v c th cung cp tc download ln n 1 Gigabit/giy, nhanh gp nhiu ln so vi ADSL 2+ (hin ch c th p ng 20 Megabit/giy). Tc truyn dn vi ADSL l khng cn bng, c tc ti ln lun nh hn tc ti xung (Bt i xng, Download > Upload) v ti a 20 Mbps. Cn FTTH cho php cn bng, tc ti ln v ti xung nh nhau (i xng, Download = Upload) v cho php ti a l 1 Gbps, c th phc v cng mt lc cho hng trm my tnh. FTTH c bit hiu qu vi cc dch v: Hosting Server ring, VPN (mng ring o), Truyn d liu, Game Online, IPTV (truyn hnh tng tc), VoD (xem phim theo yu cu), Video Conferrence (hi ngh truyn hnh), IP Cameravi u th bng thng truyn ti d liu cao, c th nng cp ln bng thng ln ti 1Gbps, An ton d liu, n nh cao, khng b nh hng bi nhiu in, t trng... D kin FTTH s dn thay th ADSL trong tng lai gn mt khi bng thng ADSL khng sc cung cp ng thi cc dch v trc tuyn trong cng m t thi im. FTTH cung cp 1 IP tnh thch hp vi cc doanh nghip, t chc trin khai d dng cc d ch v trc tuyn nh IP Camera, lu tr mail, truyn d liu tc cao... Theo mt bo co mi nht ca Heavy Reading, s h gia nh s dng kt ni bng rng FTTH trn ton th gii s tng trng hng nm trn 30% cho n nm 2012 v t 89 triu h khi . Hin Nht Bn, Trung Quc v M l cc quc gia i u trong lnh vc bng thng rng s dng cng ngh cp quang ny.

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I.2 Cc cng ngh trin khai dch v FTTH I.2.1 Mng quang ch ng (AON - Active Optical Network - m ng cp quang tch cc), point to point (im im - ang trin khai ti Hi Phng ): phn phi v x l tn hiu, ti cc nt mng AON s dng cc thit b chuyn mch c s dng ngun in nh Ethernet Switch, Multiplexer.. + Mi thu bao c mt ng cp quang ring chy t thit b trung tm (Access Node ) n thu bao (FTTH - Fiber to the Home ). AON c nhiu u im nh tm ko dy xa (ln n 50km m khng cn b lp (repeater), tnh bo mt cao (do vic can thip nghe ln trn ng truyn gn nh l khng th ), d dng nng cp bng thng thu bao khi cn , d xc nh li ... Tuy nhin, cng ngh AON cng c khuyt im l chi ph cao do vic vn hnh cc thit b trn ng truyn u cn ngun cung cp, mi thu bao l mt ng quang ring , cn nhiu khng gian cha cp.

S mng AON I.2.2 Mng quang th ng (PON - Passive Optical Network), point to multi point (im - a im - ang th nghim ti Normura) gim chi ph trn mi thu bao , ng truyn chnh s i t thit trung tm OLT (Optical Line Termination ) qua mt thit b chia tn hiu (Splitter) v t thit b ny mi ko n nhiu ngi dng (c th chia t 32- 64 thu bao) . Splitter khng cn ngun cung cp , c th t bt k u nn nu trin khai cho nhiu thu bao th chi ph gim ng k so vi AON . Do Splitter khng cn ngun nn h thng cng tit kim in hn v khng gian cha cp cng t hn so vi AON

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S mng PON

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Chng 2: Cu trc mng Metronet v cc dch v MetroNet II.1 Tng quan v MetroNet ( Metropolitan Area Network ) MetroNet (Mng Ethernet th) l mt mng my tnh da trn chun Ethernet v m ng ny bao ph mt th. N thng c dng nh l mt mng truy nhp th kt ni cc thu bao v cc doanh nghip n mt mng WAN (Wide Area Network), ging nh mng Internet. Nhng doanh nghip ln thng s dng Metro Ethernet kt ni cc chi nhnh vo mng Intranet ca h.

S tng quan Mng MAN-E thng c t chc theo nguyn tc sau: + Cu trc Ring lp core. + Cu trc cy c bo v 2 hng lp aggregation. + Cu trc cy lp access.

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CHUYN MCH LP CORE: Chuyn mch lp li c nhim v chuyn tip cc gi tin do cc chuyn mch lp tp hp gi ln. Chuyn mch lp li phi x l 1 s lng rt ln cc gi tin nn thng s dng cc switch Metro c nng lc ln nh switch cisco 7609 hay switch ME 6524

Switch cisco 7609 CC CHUY N MCH LP TP HP : Chuyn mch lp tp hp c nhim v nhn cc gi tin t cc chuyn mch lp truy nhp v chuyn tip gi tin ln Switch lp li. Lp ny thng dng Cisco 7600 hoc ME 6524

Switch Cisco 7600

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Switch ME 6524

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CC CHUY N MCH LP TRUY NHP: Cc chuyn mch lp truy nhp thng lm nhim v giao tip vi thit b khch hng. Tp hp cc lu lng khch hng chuyn tip ln cc Switch lp cao hn qua cc ng trung k tc cao.

Switch c sn cng quang, dung module SFP(Cisco 4924) II.2 Cc dch v MetroNet II.2.1 D ch v truy cp internet tc cao(HSI) hay dch v FTTH

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II.2.2 D ch v E-LINE im im E-LINE l dch v cung cp kt ni im n im cho khch hng. V d kt ni hai a im lm vic ca khch hng trong cng thnh ph thnh mt mng c th giao tip nh trong 1 mng Intranet.

II.2.3 D ch v E-LAN im a im

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S MAN ti Hi Ph ng

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CHNG 3: CC KHI NIM C BN - LAN: LAN (vit tt t tn ting Anh Local Area Network, "mng my tnh cc b") l mt h thng mng dng kt ni cc my tnh trong mt phm vi nh - WAN: WAN (Wide Area Network, Mng din rng), l mng kt ni nhiu my tnh, nhiu mng LAN, nhiu mng khc nhau trong din rng. - Converter quang: Chuyn i tn hiu in sang tn hiu quang v ngc li - Cng LAN (LAN Port): L cng kt ni vi mng LAN - C ng WAN (WAN Port, Cng Internet): L cng dng kt ni vi mng WAN - Router: ting Vit gi l b nh tuyn, l thit b mng chuyn dng kt ni cc mng khc nhau. - ODF: Gi phi quang

- Dy nhy quang (Optical Jumper): L si quang ni sn 2 u connector.

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- Dy ni quang (Pigtail): L si quang ni sn 1 u connector thng s dng trong ODF.

- u ni quang (Optical connector):

FC/APC

SC/UPC

ST

LC

- B tip hp quang (Adapter):

- Mng xng: l thit b b o v mi hn quang ti ngoi tri

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- Switch: l thit b chuyn mch - Default Gateway: L nt mng m gi tin s chuyn qua n trc khi chuyn qua m ng khc. - DNS: DNS (Domain Name Server) hay cn gi l my ch DNS l my ch cha ng cc d liu v mi tng quan gia tn min v a ch IP. Khi mt thit b mng gi mt yu cu n my ch DNS, my ch c nhim v tm v p li a ch IP tng ng vi tn min gi trong yu cu. - DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP ), ting Vit gi l Giao thc cu hnh host ng, l giao thc cc my tnh khch dng ly mt cch t ng nhn a ch IP v cc thng s khc t my ch DHCP.

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CHNG 4: M HNH TRIN KHAI NG FTTH TI HI PHNG IV. 1 M hnh trin khai ng FTTH n thun khng qua ODN

IV.2 M hnh trin khai ng FTTH kt hp cng dch v TV qua mng ODN
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CHNG 5: CU HNH LP T MT NG TRUYN FTTH V.1 Cu hnh Lp t ng truyn FTTH s dng IP tnh
V.1.1 Cu hnh Lp t ng truyn FTTH s dng IP tnh trn my tnh.

Thng dng kim tra ng truyn ti trm hoc ti khch hng khng dng n Router (loi b li do Router) - N u ti Switch in ta s s dng cp mng kt ni trc tip t Switch vo my tnh. Sau t a ch IP c cp trn card mng my tnh kim tra vo mng c cha - N u ti Switch quang, hay ti u khch hng ta phi dng Converter, kt ni my tnh vo cng LAN ca Converter bng dy cp mng. Sau t a ch IP c cp vo card mng my tnh kim tra xem vo mng c cha. V.1.2 Cu hnh Lp t ng truyn FTTH s dng IP tnh trn Router Trong phn ny ta s dng Router Dlink cu hnh

Mt sau Router Dlink

Mt trc Router Dlink Bc 1: u ni theo s u ni dch v FTTH, lin h xin cng v IP tnh (3847065 & 3847000) Bc 2: Thay i a ch IP ca my tnh sao cho trng vi di IP ca Router. Vi Router Dlink i ch mc nh l 192.168.0.1. Vy ta c th t IP ca my tnh nh sau 192.168.0.x ( vi 1 < x < 255 )
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Bc 3: S dng lnh Ping kim tra kt ni t my tnh ti Router ( Ping 192.168.0.1). Nu tt ta chuyn sang bc 4. Nu khng kim tra li kt ni my tnh v router hoc a ch IP Bc 4: M trnh duyt web g a ch ca router, nhp admin vo user name, passwoed trng. > Login

Ca s ng nhp cu hnh router Bc 5: Cu hnh giao din Wan theo th t hnh v

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Cu hnh giao din WAN (Internet) Bc 6: Cu hnh giao din LAN

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Giao din LAN cho php cu hnh di IP LAN ca mng my tnh m Router kt ni n

Bc 7: Cu hnh pht wireless

To mt khu truy cp cho Wireless

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V.2 Cu hnh Lp t ng truyn FTTH s dng PPPoE V.2.1 Cu hnh Lp t ng truyn FTTH s dng PPPoE trn My tnh Cng ging nh hnh thc s dng IP tnh, sau khi kt ni my tnh vo Switch hoc Convert ta cn phi to mt kt ni nh sau kim tra:

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Sau khi to c kt ni. ta th kt ni xem vo c mng hay cha

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T FTTx - Ti liu lu hnh ni b V.2.2 Cu hnh Lp t ng truyn FTTH s dng PPPoE trn Router Cu hnh ng truyn FTTH s dng PPPoE trn Router Dlink

Bc 1: Sau khi kt ni my tnh n Router , ng nhp vo router cu hnh ging nh trong vic cu hnh dng IP tnh.

Bc 2: Cu hnh truy nhp xc thc dng username/ password(PPPoE)

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Chng VI Mt s ng dng trn ng truyn FTTH Cc ng truyn FTTH thng c cp a ch IP tnh ln trn c th trin khai c mt s ng dng mt cch d dng. Cc ng dng nh: Mail Sever, Web Hosting, VPN, IP Camera, Qun l, cu hnh router t xac th trin khai d dng trn ng truyn FTTH. Cc ng dng ny chnh l s dng tnh nng port forwarding (hay NAT ca Router). Port forwarding l qu trnh chuyn m t port c th trong h thng mng cc b LAN t mt client/terminal/node qua mt client/terminal/node ca mt network khc, iu ny s cho php cc clients/terminals/nodes bn ngoi c th truy cp vo clients/terminals/nodes trong mng LAN bng cch s d ng ci port t b n ngoi thng qua ci Router/Modem/Firewall m chc nng NAT. Nh vy, cc my tnh t xa (my vng quanh th gii trn internet y) s s dng Port forwarding kt ni vi mt my tnh khc trong mng LAN VI.1 ng dng port forwarding trong dch v IP Camera H thng IP camera quan st t xa c th hiu n gin l mt h thng camera c lp t ngay ti hin trng v c th quan st trc tip t xa khng gii hn khong cch a l, c ng dng trn nn internet ADSL, FTTH. H thng ny c nhiu u im v tnh nng vt tri, thch hp cho mi i tng, c bit l cc nh qun l thng xuyn phi di chuyn, nhng vn c th trao i, lm vic, hi hp trc tuyn , vic ng dng h thng ny vo cc hot ng ca doanh nghip, s gip cho doanh nghip tit kim thi gian, chi ph, nhn s..

M hnh kt ni IP Camera

Cu hnh port forwarding trong router Dlink DIR 615

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VI.2 Qun l, Cu hnh Router t xa. Cc thit b mng thng h tr tnh nng qun l t xa gip cho ngi qun tr c th khng cn ngi tn ni cng c th cu hnh v gim st ho t ng ca thit b. c th thc hin c vic qun l t xa, password ng nhp vo Router khng c mc nh m phi thay i. Sau Enable tnh nng qun l t xa, tng tnh bo mt c th thay i port khi qun l t xa.

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CHNG 7: MT S LI V CCH X L. VII.1 Mng nhim virut Kido A. CC D U HIU Ping trong mng LAN khng n nh, mn hnh my tnh t ng chuyn v ch Style classic. Ping ra ngoi Internet ko n nh c lc request time out. - Xut hin tp tin autorun.inf v RECYCLED {SID<....>} RANDOM_ NAME.vmx trn cc cng di ng (USB Flash) hoc trong mng chia s ca khch hng - Virus s ng k chnh n vo cc dch v h thng vi tn bt k (vd: knqdgsm). B. CCH KHC PHC - Chy cc bn v li ca Microsoft phng trnh vic b virut tn cng. - Chy kidokiller.exe ca Kaspersky dit virut.

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VII.2 Khng chi c tr ch online trn Garena. A. D U HIU - ng nhp vo Garena, chn game, to phng nhng ngi chi khc khng th Join vo mng ca mnh v ngc li. - Chp chn, khi chi game hay b out ra. B. CCH X L ng nhp vo router, Modem => chn Advanced => chn Advanced Network => B du tick chn Enable UPnP

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A. D U HIU: - Khch hng dng ng truyn FTTH lm Mail Sever c hin tng mail nhn c nhng khng gi c. - Vo trang http://www.spamhaus.org g a ch IP cn kim tra vo. c kt qu.

B. CCH X L.
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Xa b a ch IP khi danh sch blacklist trong trang http://www.spamhaus.org

in cc thng tin cn thit

I. Kt ni n mt mng n sever ca ISP li A. D U HIU:

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K t ni kt sever ca ISP c hin tng chp chn, thc hin ping tham s time ln cao, v mt gi nhiu. Tc truy cp n cc sever rt chm trong khi kt ni n cc sever khc vn bnh thng.

B. CCH KH C PHC. -Thc hin ping ng thi n a ch IP ca sever ang li v sever binh thng lu li cc hnh nh. - Thc hin lnh tracert n IP ca sever ang li v sever bnh thng lu li hnh nh. Gi cc kt qu hnh nh lu li c v phng KTNV.

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