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  • IGCSE Tests For Cations and Anions

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    Coolman Poon
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    This document provides information on testing for 12 common cations and anions using aqueous sodium hydroxide and ammonia solutions. It lists the expected observations for each ion, such as the formation of precipitates that may be soluble or insoluble in excess reagent. Common tests include the formation of white precipitates with chloride, sulfate, zinc, aluminum and copper ions; and color changes with iron(II), iron(III) and copper ions. Carbonate ions are detected by an effervescent reaction with acid.

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    IGCSE Tests for Cations and Anions

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    IGCSE Tests for Cations and Anions

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    This document provides information on testing for 12 common cations and anions using aqueous sodium hydroxide and ammonia solutions. It lists the expected observations for each ion, such as the formation of precipitates that may be soluble or insoluble in excess reagent. Common tests include the formation of white precipitates with chloride, sulfate, zinc, aluminum and copper ions; and color changes with iron(II), iron(III) and copper ions. Carbonate ions are detected by an effervescent reaction with acid.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    6K views1 page

    IGCSE Tests For Cations and Anions

    Uploaded by

    Coolman Poon
    This document provides information on testing for 12 common cations and anions using aqueous sodium hydroxide and ammonia solutions. It lists the expected observations for each ion, such as the formation of precipitates that may be soluble or insoluble in excess reagent. Common tests include the formation of white precipitates with chloride, sulfate, zinc, aluminum and copper ions; and color changes with iron(II), iron(III) and copper ions. Carbonate ions are detected by an effervescent reaction with acid.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    IGCSE tests for Cations and Anions!

    Study online at quizlet.com/_96a03


    1.

    Aluminium (Al3+)

    Effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide White ppt., soluble in excess giving a colourless solution EFFECT OF AQ AMMONIA: White ppt., insoluble in excess Effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide: Ammonia produced on warming Effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide: White ppt., insoluble in excess EFFECT OF AQ AMMONIA: No ppt. or very slight white ppt.

    2.

    Ammonium (NH4+) Calcium (Ca2+)

    3.

    4. 5. 6.

    Carbonate (CO32-) Chloride (Cl-) (in solution) Copper (Cu2+)

    Add dilute acid Effervescence, carbon dioxide produced Acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add aqueous silver nitrate White ppt. Effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide: Light blue ppt., insoluble in excess EFFECT OF AQ AMMONIA: Light blue ppt., soluble in excess, giving a dark blue solution

    7. 8.

    Iodide (I-) (in solution) Iron(II) (Fe2+)

    Acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add aqueous silver nitrate Yellow ppt. Effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide: Green ppt., insoluble in excess EFFECT OF AQ AMMONIA: Green ppt., insoluble in excess

    9.

    Iron(III) (Fe3+) Red

    Effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide: Red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess EFFECT OF AQ AMMONIA: Red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess

    10. 11. 12.

    Nitrate (NO3-) (in solution) Sulfate (SO42-) Zinc (Zn2+)

    Add aqueous sodium hydroxide, then aluminium foil; warm carefully Ammonia produced Acidify, then add aqueous barium nitrate White ppt. Effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide: White ppt., soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution EFFECT OF AQ AMMONIA: White ppt., soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution

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