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FORCE = B IAl
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VOLTAGE = B l u
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Action of a Commutator
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Armature of a DC Motor
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Summary of a DC Machine
Basically consists of
1. An electromagnetic or permanent magnetic structure called field which is static 2. An Armature which rotates The Field produces a magnetic medium The Armature produces voltage and torque under the action of the magnetic field
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IA
+
Load
-
DC Generator EA
-
VL
EA is Generated voltage VL is Load voltage Tpm is the Torque generated by Prime Mover Tdev is the opposing generator torque
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IA
+
Tload EA DC Motor
-
VT
- -
m Tdev
EA is Back EMF VT is Applied voltage Tdev is the Torque developed by DC Motor Tload is the opposing load torque
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In every generator there is a motor (Tdev opposes Tpm) In every motor there is a generator (EA opposes VT)
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+ Vf -
Armature
Field Coil
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Armature
RA
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Armature
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Armature
RA
If the shunt and series field aid each other it is called a cumulatively excited machine If the shunt and series field oppose each other it is called a differentially excited machine
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Armature
Field Coil
Tdev
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Tdev
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VT
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