NG DNG CA PHP NHM ABEL1 TRONG CHNG MINH BT NG THC

Trng t - V Thanh T - V nh Vit - Trn Trung Kin

I. Li ni u
Trong qu trnh lm ton, chng ta tng tip cn vi rt nhiu cc ng thc. Tuy nhin, khi ng trc mi mt ng thc c bao gi bn t hi liu n cn c ng dng g khng, liu c th p dng n vo chng minh bt ng thc? Trong bi vit ny, chng ti xin gii thiu vi cc bn cng thc khai trin Abel. Cho x1 , x2 , ...., xn v y1 , y2 , ..., yn l cc s thc ty .t ck = y1 + y2 + ... + yk k R, 1 k n.Khi : x1 y1 + x2 y2 + .... + xn yn = (x1 x2 )c1 + (x2 x3 )c2 + ... + (xn1 xn )cn1 + xn cn Cch pht biu v chng minh ht sc n gin. Tuy nhin, ng sau v b ngoi n gin l mt phng php kh hiu qu trong chng minh bt ng thc.c bit l cc bi ton c iu kin nhiu v phc tp.

II. Bi ton m u
Cho cc s thc dng a, b, c tha a b 1, a 3, ab 6, ab 6c.Chng minh rng: a+bc4 Li gii: Bt ng thc cn chng minh c vit li di dng: a+b+13+2+c Ta c ng thc sau: 3 3 + 2 + c = (a b). + a 3 2 + a b (b 1) + 3 2 + +c a b

Nhng mt khc theo gi thit v bt ng thc AM-GM ta c: 3 3 2 (ab). + + a a b Vy 3+2+ca+b+1 V ta c iu phi chng minh. Chc chn ngay khi c li gii cho bi ton n gin ny bn c phn lng tng v khng hiu ti sao li c th tch c mt cch "hp l" nh vy. Phi chng l d on mt cch v
1

(b1)+

3 2 + +c a b

3 (ab) +2(b1) a

6 3 6c +3 ab+2(b1)+3 = a+b+1 ab ab

Niels Henrik Abel (1802-1829) l mt nh ton hc ngi Na Uy.

hng hoc cng c ngi s ngh bi ton trn c to ra t chnh bt ng thc ph . Cu tr li l hon ton khng phi. Tt c u i theo 1 qui lut ca n. cc phn tip theo chng ti s phn tch r hn gip bn c c th khi qut mt phn no v phng php ny. Khai trin Abel tng qut: Cho x1 , x2 , ...., xn v y1 , y2 , ..., yn l cc s thc ty . t ck = y1 + y2 + ... + yk k R, 1 k n. Khi : x1 y1 + x2 y2 + .... + xn yn = (x1 x2 )c1 + (x2 x3 )c2 + ... + (xn1 xn )cn1 + xn cn V 2 ng thc thng dng l: a1 b1 + a2 b2 = (a1 a2 )b1 + a2 (b1 + b2 ) a1 b1 + a2 b2 + a3 b3 = (a1 a2 )b1 + (a2 a3 )(b1 + b2 ) + a3 (b1 + b2 + b3 ) Chng ta s cng nhau n vi 1 s v d in hnh:

III. Cc bi ton
V d 1. Cho 0 < y x, > 0 v xy . . Chng minh: 1 1 1 1 + + x y Phn tch v tm ti li gii i vi nhng bi ton s dng khai trin Abel,chng ta hy i t v ln hn hoc bng trc,sau phn tch c xut hin nhn t ca v nh hn hoc bng: 1 1 1 x 1 y + = . + . x y Nu tinh ,chc hn cc bn cng thy c n ca khi phn tch nh vy.Nu mun chng minh A + B X + Y th cch tch hp l nht dng khai trin Abel chnh l: A + B = X.b1 + Y.b2 Sao cho khi du bng xy ra th b1 = b2 = 1. By gi p dng khai trin Abel ta c: x 1 y 1 . + . = x y 1 1 1 + .2 y x x 1 1 y x y 1 + . x x y +

xy 1 1 1 1 1 + .2 = + . y x x x y

Vy bi ton c chng minh. Du bng xy ra ti x = , y = V d 2. Cho 0 < y x, > 0 v .y + .x 2. .Chng minh 1 1 1 1 + 2 2+ 2 2 x y Li gii: 2

Cng tng t bi trn.Ta xut pht bng phn tch: 1 1 x2 1 y2 1 + = . + . 2 2 2 x2 2 y 2 Sau s dng khai trin Abel ta c: x2 1 y2 1 . + . = 2 x2 2 y 2 1 1 y 2 x2 y2 + 2 x2 y2 + 2 2 1 x2

Nhng mt khc li c .y + .x 2. hay x2 y2 + 1 + +12 2 2 Vy nn:

x y + 2 nn x y + 4 x2 y2 + 2 2 2

x2 1 y2 1 1 1 2 1 1 . + . 2 2 2+ 2 = 2+ 2 2 2 2 x y y x x x y Ta c iu phi chng minh .ng thc xy ra ti x = , y = V d 3. min {x; y } 1z Cho cc s thc dng x, y, z tha: x + z. 3 2 3 . Tm gi tr ln nht ca: y 3 + z 10 2 10 D= Li gii: Bm st vo V d 2 Ta s gii bi ton nh sau: D= Ta s chuyn v 2 bi ton ph : xz1 I) x+z 32 3 1 1 Tm M axP = 2 + 2 x z yz1 II) y 3 + z 10 2 10 1 1 Tm M axQ = 2 + 2 y z 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 + + = + + 2( + ) x2 y 2 z 2 x2 z 2 y2 z2 2 3 1 + 2+ 2 2 x y z

1 1 1 I): D on Max t c khi z = 1 v x = 3 Ta s i CM : 2 + 2 + 1 p dng theo v d x z 3 2 1 x2 1 z2 1 1 1 z2 x2 z 2 1 + 1 = . 2 + . 2 = ( 2 2) + ( + ) 2 3 3 x 1 z z x 1 3 1 x Li c : x x + 3z 2 3 + z 2 3 2 2 x z x x2 z 2 (1 + 1)( + ) ( + z )2 4 + 2 3 1 3 1 3 3

V z 1. Vy : 1 1 x2 z 2 1 1 z2 1 1 2 1 1 + 1 = ( 2 2) + ( + ) 2 2 2 + 2 = 2 + 2 = Q 3 z x 1 3 1 x z x x x z 10 II) D on Max khi z = 1 v y = 3 1 1 3 + 1 p dng theo v d 2 Ta s chng minh: 2 + 2 y z 10 3 3y 2 1 3y 2 z 2 1 z2 1 1 1 z2 +1= . 2 + . 2 = ( 2 2) + ( + ) 2 10 10 y 1 z z y 1 10 1 y Li c : y 3 y 3 + z 10 2 10 + z 2 10

y 3 3y 2 3y 2 2 + z ) ( + z )2 4 + z 2 2 v z 1 (1 + 1)( 10 10 10

3 1 1 z2 3y 2 z 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 + 1 = ( 2 2) + ( + ) 2 2 2 +2 2 = 2 + 2 =P 10 z y 1 10 1 y z y y y z D = Q + 2P 59 15

V d 4. Cho 0 < y x , > 0 v x + y + . Chng minh x2 + y 2 2 + 2 Li gii: Ta xt 2 trng hp: Nu xy . th hin nhin ta c iu cn chng minh (do (x + y )2 ( + )2 ) . Nu xy . th lc ta c 1. xy p dng khai trin Abel ta c: 2 + 2 = 2 2 2 2 2 2 .x + 2 .y = 2 .(x y 2 ) + y 2 . x2 y x 1.(x2 y 2 ) + 2. Vy ta c iu cn chng minh? 2 2 Nhng li gii trn sai lm ch x y 0 nn ta khng th s dng nh gi 2 .(x y 2 ) x x2 y 2 . Vy chng ta phi phn tch sao cho i lng a1 a2 0 ,thun tin cho vic nh gi! T suy ngh chng ta c phn tch:
2 2

2 2 + 2 y2 x

. 2 .y x2 + y 2 xy

2 + 2 =

2 2 2 2 2 2 .y + 2 .x = 2 .(y x2 ) + x2 . y2 x y y 2 x2 + 2 x 2 = x2 + y 2

2 2 + 2 y2 x

Vy ta c iu phi chng minh.Du bng xy ra ti x = , y = V d 5. Cho 0 < y < x 3 v x + y 5 Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc S2 = x2 + y 2 ; S3 = x3 + y 3 Li gii: Khi quen vi khai trin Abel cc bn hon ton c th bt u phn tch t v nh hn hoc bng trc to s t nhin cho bi ton.Tht vy ta c: S2 = x.x + y.y = x(x y ) + y (x + y ) 3(x y ) + 5y = 3x + 2y 13 Du bng xy ra ti x = 3; y = 2 V tng t vy th: S3 = x2 .x + y 2 .y = x2 (x y ) + y (x2 + y 2 ) 9(x y ) + 13y = 9x + 4y 35 Du bng xy ra ti x = 3; y = 2

V d 6. Vi a b 1 c > 0, 2 3 2 + c 2, + + c 3.Chng minh rng: b a b 1 1 1 1 + a b c 6 Li gii: Khi c qua cc v d trn,chc hn cc bn s khng cn bi ri khi gp bi tp ny na.Ta vit li iu phi chng minh thnh: 1 1 1 1 1 + + 1+ + c 2 3 b c V t iu kin ta c 1 1 1 b ab 1 1, 1 0, 0, 1, 1 p dng khai trin Abel ta c: c b b a 2c 6c 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 + + = .1 + b. + a. c 2 3 c 2 b 3 a 1 1 = . 1 c b + 1 b 1 1 + b c 2 + 2. 1 1 b a 1 1 b a + 1 1 1 1 + b+ a . c 2 3 a

1. 1

1 1 1 +3 =1+ + a a b

Ta c iu phi chng minh.Du bng xy ra ti a = 3, b = 2, c = 1 V d 7. Vi 0 < , a, b, c R+ tho a b c b c c + + 3, + 2, 1 . Chng minh rng

a2 + b 2 + c 2 2 + 2 + 2 Li gii: iu kin,t v theo AM GM chng ta d dng c: c2 b2 c 2 a2 b 2 c 2 1 , + 2 , + + 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 5

a2 b 2 c 2 By gi chng ta hy tch ghp + b + c xut hin cc i lng , , v , 2 , 2 , 2 . Tht n gin,vi tng trn v khai trin Abel ta c:
2 2 2 2 2 2

a2 + b 2 + c 2 = c2 = ( ). 2 + ( 2 2 ).
2 2

c 2 2 b 2 2 a2 2 . + 2 . + 2 . 2 c2 b2 + 2 2 + .
2

a2 b2 c2 + + 2 2 2

2 2 + 2( 2 2 ) + 32 = 2 + 2 + 2 Bi ton c chng minh.Du bng xy ra ti x = , y = , z = Nhn xt:Cc bn hy chng minh bi ton tng qut vi iu kin nh trn an + b n + c n n + n + n V d 8. ( thi HSG TPHCM 2007) Cho 0 < x < y z 1 v 3x + 2y + z 4. Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc S = 3x2 + 2y 2 + z 2 Li gii: p dng lin tip nhm Abel v gi thit ta c: S = z.z + 2y.y + 3x.x = z (z y ) + (z + 2y )(y x) + x(z + 2y + 3x) 1(z y ) + (1 + 2)(y x) + 4x = z y + 3y 3x + 4x = z + 2y + x 1 1 10 1 = (z.3+2y.3+3x.1) = [z (33)+(z +2y )(31)+(z +2y +3x).1] = [0+2(z +2y )+(z +2y +3x)] 3 3 3 3 1 Du "= " xy ra khi x = v y = z = 1 3 V d 9. 1 x y z 1 . Chng minh rng: Cho cc s thc dng x, y, z tha mn: 2y + z 2 3x + 2y + z 3 x2 + y 2 + z 2 Li gii: 1 1 Nhn thy du bng xy ra khi z = 1, y = , x = .Ta vit li iu phi chng minh thnh: 2 3 x2 + y 2 + z 2 49 36 7 6

1 1 V khi du bng xy ra th z = 1, y 2 = , z 2 = .Ta phn tch: 4 6 49 1 1 1 1 1 = + + 1 = z 2 . 2 + y 2 . 2 + x2 . 2 + 36 9 4 z 4y 9x

Chc hn khi c cc v d trn,cc bn cng c th hnh dung ti sao li phn tch nh vy,mnh xin nhc li: Nu mun chng minh X + Y + Z A + B + C th ta s tch: X + Y + Z = A.b1 + B.b2 + C.b3 Sao cho khi du bng xy ra th b1 = b2 = b3 = 1 Quay tr li bi ton,sau khi tch ,ta s dng khai trin Abel v c: x2 . 1 1 1 1 + y 2 . 2 + z 2 . 2 = (z 2 y 2 ). 2 + (y 2 x2 ) 2 9x 4y z z y 2 z 2 + (y 2 x2 ). 1 1 + 2 2 4y z + x2 . 1 1 1 + 2+ 2 2 z 4y 9x

2 1 + 3 x2 . 3 2 2yz 36x y 2 z 2

Nhng t gi thit kt hp AM GM ta d dng suy ra 2yz 1, 6xyz 1.Vy nn: x2 . 1 1 1 1 2 + 3 x2 . 3 + y 2 . 2 + z 2 . 2 z 2 y 2 + ( y 2 x2 ) . 2 2 9x 4y z 2yz 36x y 2 z 2 z 2 y 2 + 2(y 2 x2 ) + 3.x2 = x2 + y 2 + z 2 Vy ta c iu phi chng minh.

V d 10. (Tuyn sinh lp 10 Chuyn HKHTN H Ni- 2012) Gi s a, b, c l cc s thc dng tha mn a b 3 c; c b + 1; a + b c. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc: 2ab + a + b + c(ab 1) Q= (a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1) Li gii: u tin ta s n gin biu thc Q: Q= 2ab + a + b + c(ab 1) (a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1)

= =

1 ab + abc c 1 + 1 + c (1 + a)(1 + b)(1 + c) ab 1 +1 1 (1 + a)(1 + b)

1 + 1+c =

1 a b 1+ + 1+c 1+a 1+b a b c = + 1+a 1+b 1+c

Ta s i chng minh Q

5 .Tht vy: 12 a b c 5 + 1+a 1+b 1+c 12

c 3 4 1+c

b 2 1+b 3

a 1 1+a 2

b2 a1 3c + + 0 4(1 + c) 3(b + 1) 2(a + 1)

p dng khai trin Abel ta c bt ng thc tng ng: (3 c) 1 1 4(c + 1) 3(b + 1) + ((3 c) + (b 2)) 1 1 3(b + 1) 2(a + 1)

+((3 c) + (b 2) + (a 1))

1 0 2(a + 1)

(3 c)(3b 4c 1) (b + 1 c)(2a 3b 1) a + b c + + 0 12(b + 1)(c + 1) 6(b + 1)(a + 1) 2(a + 1)

Lun ng : do a b 3 c, c b + 1, a + b c V d 11. Cho a, b, c thc tha mn a 3, ab 6, abc 6. Chng minh rng a+b+c6 Gi thit c tng v tch gi cho ta vic s dng bt ng thc AM GM . Bng cch chuyn cc iu kin cho thnh ng thc, ta nhn thy ng thc xy ra ti a = 3, b = 2, c = 1. T ta s dng php nhm Abel nh sau Li gii: S dng php nhm Abel v bt ng thc AM GM ta c a b a a + b + c = .3 + .2 + c.1 = + 3 2 3 a b + 3 2 + a b + +c 3 2 a +2 3 ab 3 abc +3 3+2+1 = 6 6 6

Du "=" xy ra khi v ch khi a = 3; b = 2; c = 1 V d 12. (Thi HSG lp 12 tnh Hi Dng nm hc 2008-2009) x+y+z =9 Cho x, y, z thc dng tha mn . Chng minh rng xyz 15 x 5; x + y 8 Li gii: Ta chng minh bng phng php phn chng. Gi s xyz > 15. 15 Ta c: z = 9 x y 1 xy > 15 z S dng php nhm Abel v bt ng thc AM GM ta c x+y+z = y x x y x y x .5 + .3 + z.1 = 2. + 2. + + + +z 5 3 5 5 3 5 3 xy xyz +33 >2+4+3=9 15 15

x 2. + 4 5

Mu thun vi gi thit! Do gi s ban u l sai vy ta c iu cn chng minh. ng thc xy ra khi x = 5; y = 3; z = 1 V d 13. Chng minh rng nu a 4, b 5, c 8 v a2 + b2 + c2 = 90 th a + b + c 16 Li gii: 8

Gi s ngc li a + b + c > 16 b + c = 16 a 12, c = 16 a b 7 S dng php nhm Abel ta c 4a + 5b + 7c = c.7 + b.5 + a.4 = 2c + (b + c) + 4(a + b + c) > 2.7 + 12 + 4.16 = 90 Mt khc p dng bt ng thc Cauchy Schwarz ta c (42 + 52 + 72 )(a2 + b2 + c2 ) (4a + 5b + 7c)2 > 902 T y a2 + b2 + c2 > 90 mu thun vi gi thit! Vy gi s trn l sai hay l a + b + c 16 (pcm) ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi a = 4; b = 5; c = 7 V d 14. Cho x, y, z thc dng tha mn x 2; x + y 5; x + y + z 10. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc 1 1 1 P = + + x y z Li gii: p dng bt ng thc Cauchy Schwarz ta c: 1 1 1 + + x y z y z x + 2+ 2 = 2 2 3 5 T (1) v (2) P 1 1 2 2 2 3 .2 + y z x + + 22 32 52 x+ 31 30
2

(1) 1 (x + y + z ) 52 (2)

1 1 2 2 3 5 .5 +

(x + y ) + 31 1 .10 = 2 5 30

1 1 2 2 2 3

1 1 2 2 3 5

31 30 ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi x = 2; y = 3; z = 5

V d 15. Vi a; b; c > 0 tha mn iu kin c 2; a + b 3 b 3 3 + 3; + 2; 1. Tm gi tr ln nht ca 2 c 2 c c

c2 a2 b2 Li gii: S dng php nhm Abel v bt ng thc Cauchy Schwarz ta c b 3 a2 + ( )2 + ( )2 2 c ] + (22 12 )[( b )2 + ( 3 )2 ] + (c2 22 )( 3 )2 a2 + b2 + 32 = 3[ 3 2 c c a+ 3( b 3 b 3 + + 2 c )2 + 2.3.( 2 c )2 + (c2 22 ).( 3 )2 3 + 6 + (c2 22 ) 3 2 c 2 2 2 c a b 4

Qua nhng th d trn ta thy rt r ng dng ca php nhm Abel . iu quan trng y l chng ta phi d on c khi no du ng thc xy ra.Sau , s dng php nhm Abel mt 9

cch linh hot ,kt hp vi gi thit thu c kt qu v i khi cn kt hp vi phng php phn chng v cc bt ng thc quen thuc nh AM GM ; Cauchy Schwarz ,. . . Mt cu hi th v c t ra l liu ng thc php nhm Abel c th p dng c vi cc bi ton m vai tr cc bin u bi l bnh ng ? Cu tr li l c!

V d 16. Cho a, b, c thc thuc [0; 2] v a + b + c = 3. Chng minh rng a2 + b2 + c2 5 Li gii: V vai tr a, b, c nh nhau nn khng mt tnh tng qut gi s 0 a b c 2 Ta c b + c = 3 a 3. p dng khi trin Abel ta c a2 + b2 + c2 = c.c + b.b + a.a = (c b)c +(b a)(b + c)+ a(a + b + c) 2(c b)+3(b a)+3a = c +(c + b) c +(a + b + c) 2+3 = 5 Du "=" xy ra a = 0, b = 1, c = 2 v cc hon v

V d 17. Cho a, b, c thc thuc [0; 2k ] v a + b + c = 3k . Chng minh rng an + bn + cn k n + (2k )n Vi n 2 l s nguyn dng, k l s thc dng cho trc. Li gii: V vai tr a, b, c nh nhau nn khng mt tnh tng qut gi s 0 b c 2k . Khi b + c = 3k a 3k . Vi n = 2, chng minh tng t v d trn ta thu c kt qu. Gi s bt ng thc ng vi n tc l an + bn + cn k n + (2k )n . Ta s chng minh n ng vi n + 1. Tht vy, s dng php nhm Abel ta c an+1 + bn+1 + cn+1 = c.cn + b.bn + c.cn = (cn bn ) + k (cn + bn ) k.cn + k (an + bn + cn ) k (2k )n + k (k n + (2k )n ) = k n+1 + (2k )n+1 Vy bt ng thc ng vi n + 1. T ta c iu cn chng minh. ng thc xy ra a = 0, b = l, c = 2k v cc hon v

V d 18. Cho a, b, c thc dng. Chng minh rng b c 3 a + + b+c c+a a+b 2 Li gii:

(Bt ng thc Nesbitt)

t v tri ca bt ng thc l P . V vai tr a, b, c nh nhau nn khng mt tnh tng qut gi s a b c. p dng php nhm Abel ta c: P ( b c a ab bc ca + + )= + + b+c c+a a+b b+c a+c a+b 10

1 1 b+c c+a

(a b) +

1 1 c+a a+b

(a b + b c) +

1 ( a b + b c + c a) ab

(a b)2 (b c)(a c) = + 0 (b + c)(c + a) (a + c)(b + a) c a c a b b + + (1) Tng t ta c P + + b+c a+c b+a b+c a+c b+a 3 Cng tng v (1) v (2) ta c 2P 3 P (pcm) 2 Du "=" xy ra khi a = b = c Vy P (2)

III. Li kt
Sau mt qu trnh tm hiu v phn tch cc bi ton, chc hn rng cc bn cng mt phn no hiu hn v ng dng ca php nhm Abel. Cn rt nhiu iu na phng php ny ch cc bn khm ph. Chng ti xin kt thc bi vit y. Hy vng qua bi vt ny cc bn s tm thm c nhng tng mi, nhng hiu bit mi v hy lun quan nim rng ng sau li gii mi bi ton l c mt qu trnh d on, th, sai v ng. Chng ti xin tng bi vit ny bn b VMF v tp th lp 10 ton 1 chuyn Thi Bnh. Cm n cc bn theo di chuyn ny.

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IV. Bi tp ngh
Bi 1: Vi xi R+ (i = 1; n); 0 < y1 y2 ... yn x1 x2 ...xn y1 y2 ...yn x1 x2 ...xn1 y1 y2 ...yn1 ... xn y n Chng minh: x1 + x2 + ... + xn y1 + y2 + y3 + ...yn Bi 2: ( chn i tuyn OLYMPIC 30/4 2011-2012 L Hng Phong TP.HCM) Cho x, y, z l cc s thc tha x 2z 1, x + 4y 3. Chng minh rng 2x2 + 8y 2 + 4z 2 (x + 4y + 2z ) 1
2 2 Bi 3: (T10/412) Cho n s dng a1 , a2 , ..., an tha mn iu kin a2 1 +a2 +..+ak

k (2k 1) (2k + 1) 3

vi mi k = 1, 2, ..., n. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc P = a1 + 2a2 + ... + nan Bi 4: (T8/348) Cho n s thc dng a1 , a2 , ..., an tha mn iu kin k = 1, 2, ..., n. Chng minh rng 1 1 n 1 + + ... + a1 a2 an n+1 Bi 5: Cho a, b, c thc tha mn 0 < a b c 3, bc 6, abc 6. Chng minh rng: a + b + c 6. ng thc xy ra khi no? Bi 6: (IMO 1983) Cho a, b, c l di ba cnh mt tam gic. Chng minh a2 b(a b) + b2 c(b c) + c2 a(c a) 0 Bi 7: Chng minh rng vi mi x, y, z thc dng ta c x2 + yz y 2 + xz z 2 + xy + + x+y+z y+z z+x x+y Bi 8: Cho a, b, c thc dng tha a + b c b c + 3; + 2; c 3. Chng minh 2 3 2 3
n i=1

ai

k i=1

i (i + 1) vi

a3 + b3 + c3 36 a b b Bi 9: Cho a, b, c thc dng tha + + c 3; + c 2; c 1. Tm gi tr nh nht ca 3 2 2 1 1 1 P = + + 3 3 3 a c b Bi 10: (Rusia MO 2000) Cho 1 < x1 < x2 < ... < xn < 1 v y1 < y2 < ... < yn thc tha mn 13 13 x1 + x2 + ... + xn = x13 1 + x2 + ... + xn . Chng minh rng
13 13 x13 1 y1 + x2 y2 + ... + xn yn < x1 y1 + x2 y2 + ... + xn yn

Bi 11: Cho a, b, c, , , tha > 0, a , ab , abc . Chng minh rng a+b+c++ Du "=" xy ra khi no? 12

Ti liu
[1] www.diendantoanhoc.net [2] T ng thc n bt ng thc - V Thanh T

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