Unit 10: Tm hiu cu hi ly ui - Tag question 1.

Cch s dng c dng trong vn ni mun ai ng hoc khng ng vi kin ca bn You are Tom, aren't you? He isn't Joe, is he? 2. Quy tc Cu trc l khng nh (positive), ly ui s l ph nh (negative) v ngc li. - Vi tr ng t: You've got a car, haven't you? - Khng c tr ng t (s dng: don't, doesn't, didn't) They play football on Sundays, don't they? She plays football on Sundays, doesn't she? They played football on Sundays, didn't they? Cch tr li Cu hi ly ui: You go to school, don't you? ng : Yes, I do T chi: No, I don't 3. Mt s dng Cu hi ly ui c bit i vi nhng loi ny, ch c mt cch duy nht l hc thuc. I am right, aren't I? I am not guilty, am I? She used to live here, didn't she? She'd better stay, hadn't she? She would rather stay, wouldn't she?

Let's go to the beach, shall we? Close the door, will you? Don't say anything, will you? Nobody lives here, do they? Somebody asked me, did they? I think he will be here, won't he?

QUY TC CHUNG:

Ch ng s t i vi ng t s t v ngc li Quy tc 1: 2 ch ng s t ni vi nhau bi or hoc nor s i vi ng t s t Ex: My aunt or my uncle is arriving by train today

Quy tc 2: ch ng s t ni vi ch ng s nhiu bi or hoc nor, ng t s chia vi ch ng gn nht Ex: The serving bowl or the plates go on that shelf

Quy tc 3: Cng thc eitheror v neithernor, ng t s chia vi ch ng ng gn n nht Ex: Either Pete or John is helping today with stage decorations Neither Pete or his friends are available today Quy tc 4: Trong trng hp ch ng b chia tch bi nhng t nh: along with, as well as, besides, chng ta b qua nhng t trn v chia vi ch ng chnh ca cu Ex: shortly The politician, along with the newsmen, is expected

Quy tc 5: Ch ng bt y bng cc i t each, everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody i vi ng t s t Ex: Each of the girls dances beautifully

Quy tc 6: Vi nhng ch ng ch phn s, phn trm, majority, some, all, none chng ta da vo danh t sau gii t of xc nh cch chia ng t cho ng Ex: Fifty percent of the pie has disappeared Fifty percent of the pies have disappeared One third of the city is unemployed One third of the people are unemployed

Quy tc 7: Cm t the number theo sau l ng t s t v cm t a number theo sau l ng t s nhiu Ex: The number of people we need to hire is thirteen A number of people have written in about this subject

Quy tc 8: Khi either v either l ch ng, chng lun i vi ng t s t Ex: Neither of them is available to speak right now Either of us is capable of doing the job

Quy tc 9: S dng ng t s t vi cm t ch tin v thi gian Ten dollars is a too high to pay Five years is the maximum sentence for that offenseUnit

8: M t s lo i cu i u ki n

1. Zero conditional (Cu iu kin loi 0 ): dng din t mt iu kin lun lun ng v xy ra hin ti

If+S+ present simple, S+present simple Ex: If the customers come in, just smile and say hello If they fight against each other, she will call their parents 2. Mixed conditional: (Cu iu kin hn hp): dng in t mt s kin tri vi qu kh dn n kt qu tri vi hin ti If+ S+had+Pii, S+would/could/should/might+bare-infinitive Ex: If it had not snowed last night, the road would not be slippery now If John had followed my advice, he wouldnt be in such a difficult situation now. 3. Mt s loi iu kin khc khng s dng mnh if Cu iu kin tri vi hin ti

Without + noun But for + noun Were it not for + noun

, S+would/could+bare infinitive

Cu iu kin tri vi qu kh

Without+noun But for+noun Had it not been for+noun 4. Cu iu kin o ng

, S+would/could+have+Pii

Cu iu kin tri vi hin ti

If+S+Ved /were s chuyn thnh Ved/were + S Ex: Were I you, I would ask her for a date Cu iu kin tri vi qu kh

If + S+had+Pii s chuyn thnh: Had+S+Pii Ex: Had we known this group would do such a poor job, we wouldnt have given them the contract. Sau y l mt s bi tp v cu iu kin ca Ms Hoa TOEIC Part 1

Sau y l mt s bi tp v cu iu kin ca Ms Hoa TOEIC Part 2

Unit 7: B sung thm ki n th c v Lin t (Conjunction)

Ngoi 2 loi lin t (Lin t ph hp-ordinating conjunction v Lin t tng quan-correlative conjunctions) chng ta hc Level 250-500, hm nay ti mun cung cp thm mt loi lin t na- ch im hay xut hin nht trong k thi TOEIC. Lin t ny c gi l Lin t tng hp (Subordinating Conjunctions) Sau y l mt s loi lin t tng hp. Ch rng, sau nhng lin t ny l mt mnh . Din t thi gian

While: she was eating while her husband was fixing his car When: when you develop products, it is important to conduct a market research Since: he has served this company since he graduated Before: Before you leave the office, remember to turn off all the lights After: After he returned to the office, he got a private phone call As soon as: As soon as I come home, please let her know

Din

do

Because: Because it was submitted late, the report was returned Since: Since you left him, he is now addicted to wine As: The economy added 10,000 jobs in the second quarter as stronger domestic demands encouraged companies to hire more workers Din t s nhng is b still staff kin

Although/ though/even he appreciated by Din

is inexperienced, he the whole t iu

If/once: If you want to see him, call me any time Unless: Unless he calls, I will leave right away As long as (min l): he agrees to take the job as long as the salary is high Provided that/ providing: I will lend him money provided that he pays me on time Din t mc ch:

She buys a lovely doll so that/in order that her daughter can play with it at home Din t s i lp

While/whereas: she keeps spending much money while her parents try to earn one single penny. Trn y l mt s im quan trng v lin t ca Ms Hoa TOEIC. Nu c thc mc g, cc bn c th vit thc mc di. Ti s gii p sm nht.

Unit 6: Nh ng c u trc b ng c bi t th ng xu t hi n trong k thi TOEIC

1. Nhng cu trc b ng khng c s dng vi gii t by Be Be Be Ex: Be Be Be she disappointed + At frightened disappointed at his job performance engaged in involved

surprised

is

so

interested

Ex: He is very interested in the environmental issues Be Be Be composed + of tired

made

Ex: Our team is composed of the best employees in our company

Be Be Ex: Be Be Be she

dedicated has been married to him

+ for 2

married to years

bored filled satisfied

with

Ex: The executives were satisfied with the presentation

2. Cu

ch

ng

vi

ngha

ng

Mt vi ng t dng ch ng nhng c s dng vi ngha b ng. Cc ng t bao gm: Cut Sell peel read wash

Ex: Tomatoes peel easily if you scald them in hot water Mt vi ng t theo sau l dng Danh ng t (Gerund) nhng li mang ngha b ng. Dng Gerund c th thay bng to be + Pii Deserve/require/want/need + V-ing

Ex: The =The 3. Mt -

shoes shoes need s cu trc

need to b

be

polishing polished c bit

ng do

S+have/has+

People+

something thnh

Chuyn Ex: Chuyn Chuyn Mr Peter was seen to go down the stairs Mr I Peter saw was Mr seen Peter going go down down the the S+have/has+something+done The I director saw Mr had Peter the going machines down the

repaired stairs thnh stairs stairs thnh

Unit 5: M nh quan h rt g n (Reduced Relative Clauses)

Mnh quan h rt gn (Reduced relative clause) l mt ch im quan trng, khng th thiu trong ch im ng php ca Mnh quan h (Relative Clauses)

Hc sinh ch cn nh mt s v d c bn, t c th chuyn sang Mnh quan h rt gn mt cch d dng. C 2 cch rt gn mnh quan h: 1. Mnh quan h dng dng b ng -->The car which is left on the street is broken. -->The car left on the street is broken. 2. Mnh quan h dng dng ch ng -->The man who was waiting for you comes from Arizona. -->The man waiting for you comes from Arizona. Hoc: -->People who buy lottery tickets are often found at bingo. -->The man buying lottery tickets are often found at bingo Sau y l mt s v d lm r hn ch im ng php trn:

The teacher punishes anyone breaking the rules. (=...anyone who breaks rules.) I live in a building having forty storeys. (=....building which has forty...) The house painted in red is where John lives. (= The house which is painted in red....) People invited are expected to be formally dressed for the occasion. (= People who are invited .....)

Unit10 - level 250-500 cp mt s c im c trng v cch s dng Gerund v Infinitive trong mt s trng hp c th. Hm nay ti tip tc chia s mt s im c bit khc, gip cc bn c ci nhn tng qut v ton din hn v ch im quan trng ny. Nhng im c bit ny c kh nng xut hin cao nht trong thi TOEIC. 1. Nhng ng t theo sau l to-inf hoc -ing c ngha thay i 1. Forget + to inf (=forget to do st) Im sorry, I forgot to lock the car Forget + -ing form (=forget a past event) Well never forget visiting Paris 2. Remember + to inf (=remember to do st) Remember to read the instructions Remember +-ing form (=recall a pass event) I dont remember meeting Al before 7. Try + to-inf (=do ones best; attempt) She tried hard to cope with her new job. Try + -ing form (=do sth as an experiment) Try adding some more sauce to your pasta. 8. Want + to-inf (=wish) I want to find a better job. Want + -ing form (=sth needs to be done) Your dress wants cleaning

9. Stop + to-inf (=pause 3. Mean + to inf (=intend to) temporarily) He mean to move the Newcastle He stopped to buy some milk on Mean +-ing form (=involve) his way home. Working harder means Stop + -ing form (=finish, cease) getting more money Stop talking to each other, please! 4. Go on + to-inf (=finish doing sth and start doing sth else) After finishing her BA, she went on to get a masters degree. 10. Hate+ to-inf (=hate what one is about to do) I hate to interrupt, but I must talk to you.

Go on + -ing form (=continue) She went on watching TV 5. Regret + to-inf (=be sorry to) I regret to tell you that you have failed. Regret + -ing form (=have second thoughts about sth already done) I regret telling lies. 6. Would prefer + toinf (specific preference) Id prefer to have an early night tonight Prefer + -ing form (in general) I prefer reading a book to watching TV Prefer + to-inf + (rather) than + inf without to I prefer to read a book (rather) than watch TV.

Hate +-ing form (=feel sorry for what one is doing) I hate making you feel uncomfortable 11. Be sorry + to-inf (=regret) Im sorry to hear he has been injured. Be sorry + -ing form (= apologize) Im sorry for misunderstanding/having misunderstoodwhat you said

2. Nhng ng t theo sau l V-ing hoc to- inf nhng ngha khng thay i Begin, continue, intend, start + to-infi hoc ing . Tuy nhin, chng ta thng khng c 2 ng t cng ui -ing i cng nhau Chng ta s dng: She began laughing/to laugh. They are beginning to shout. Nhng khng s dng:

They are beginning shouting. Trong qu trnh ging dy, hc sinh ca ti thng mc li khi phi chn gia V-ed v V-ing, khng bit phi s dng nh th no. Hm nay ti a ra mt s phn tch c bn gip cc bn c ci nhn tng quan hn v ch im ng php quan trng ny. Xt v d sau: The film is so (1)........It makes me (2) ........... A. Interested B. Interesting p n ca 1 l : interesting v cu 2 l: interested. Ti sao li nh vy? Nu cc bn tinh mt cht th c th nhn thy rng, kt cu ca cu u tin l: S+be+ adj. Vy y chng ta xc nh adj phi l tnh cht ca Subject . V l , interesting l p n chnh xc. cu 2, ta thy xut hin mt tn ng me, kt cu ca cu l S+makes+Object+adj. Vy ta cn mt adj din t c cm nhn ca Object . Do , p n chnh xc l Interested. Sau y l tm tt cch s dng tnh t V-ed v V-ing 1. V-ing: - din t bn cht, tnh cht ca mt ai hoc ci g He is such an interesting guy.

My job is boring The film was disappointing. I expected it to be better. - Nm trong cu trc: I find English interesting/ fascinating... (bn cht ca English) 2. V-ed - Tnh t tn cng bng ui ed cho bn bit mt ngi no cm thy nh th no v mt ci g . Are you interested in buying a car? Did you meet anyone interesting at the party? Everyone was surprised that he passed the examination. It was quite surprising that he passed the examination. 3. Mt s cp tnh t tn cng -ing v -ed: Fascinating fascinated Exciting excited Amusing amused Amazing amazed Embarrassing embarrassed Terrifying terrified Worrying worried Exhausting exhausted Astonishing astonished Shocking shocked Disgusting disgusted

Confusing confused Frightening frightened Nh cp Unit 8, level 250-500, chng ta bit c v tr ca tnh t, trng t u. Nm c iu ny coi nh bn c c 50 % tr li ng, cn 50 % cn li s ph thuc vo vic bn nhn bit c dng t ca 4 p n ngi ra cho hay khng. Sau y, ti s ch ra mt s cch xc nh tnh t, trng t da vo ui ca tnh t v trng t Bn hy lm v d sau : An investigation conducted by a private group indicated that there is an .......demand for qualified employees in inner-city businesses. A. increasingly B. increases C. increasing D. increase Chng ta thy, trc ch trng l mo t (article) an, sau ch trng l danh t demand. Cu ny c th xy ra 2 kh nng:

cn 1 tnh t b ngha cho danh t demand cn 1 danh t hp vi demand to thnh danh t ghp (compound noun)

Do , da vo 4 la chn trn, ch c increasing- tnh t hnh thi phn t (V-ing) c th kt hp vi demand- ngha l

nhu cu ang ngy cng gia tng. Nh vy, vic xc nh ui tnh t (hay trng t) ng mt vai tr quan trng trong vic tr li cu hi. 1. Du hiu nhn bit Tnh t

Tn cng l able: comparable, comfortable, capable, considerable Ex: We select the hotel because the rooms are comfortable

Tn cng l ible: responsible, possible, flexible Ex: She is responsible for her son's life

Tn cng l ous: dangerous, humorous, notorious, poisonous

Ex: She is one of the most humorous actresses I've ever known

Tn cng l ive: attractive, decisive

Ex: She is a very attractive teacher

Tn cng l ent: confident, dependent, different Ex: He is confident in getting a good job next week

Tn cng l ful: careful, harmful, beautiful

Ex: Smoking is extremely harmful for your health

Tn cng l less: careless, harmless

Ex: He is fired because of his careless attitude to the monetary issue

Tn cng l ant: important

Ex: Unemployment is the important interest of the whole company

Tn cng ic: economic, specific, toxic

Ex: Please stick to the specific main point

Tn cng l ly: friendly, lovely, costly (t ny hay xut hin trong thi)

Ex: Making many copies can be very costly for the company.

Tn cng l y: rainy, sunny, muddy (y bn), windy...

Ex: Today is the rainiest of the entire month

Tn cng l al: economical (tit kim), historical, physical...

Ex: Instead of driving to work, he has found out a more economical way to save money.

Tn cng l ing: interesting, exciting, moving = touching (cm ng)

Ex: I can't help crying because of the moving film

Tn cng l ed: excited, interested, tired, surprised...

He has been working so hard today, so he is really exhausted

2. Du hiu nhn bit Trng t Trng t kt cu kh n gin: Adv= Adj+ly: wonderfully, beautifully, carelessly... Ex: she dances extremely beautifully

Unit 1: Phn bi t 3 th: T ng lai n, T ng lai g n, Hi n t i ti p di n

Th tng lai n, tng lai gn v hin ti tip din (chc nng din t tng lai) l 3 th hay lm hc sinh ca ti lng tng nht. Di y l cch phn bit gia 3 th ny: 1) Th tng lai n: - Ch li ha, vic khng c chun b trc V d: A - My bag is so heavy! B No worry! I will carry it for you. - Din t kin c nhn V d:

I think he will come here tomorrow. 2) Th tng lai gn: - Ch mt hnh ng c nh lm. - Ch mt d on da trn evidence hin ti V d: Oh, your language is ready now. What time are you going to leave ? Look at those grey clouds! It is going to rain soon 3) Th hin ti tip din: - Ch hnh ng chun b k hoch sn, thng c thi gian c th hoc mt k hoch ln, quan trng quyt nh lm thng c thi gian xc nh V d: We are having a party next sunday. Would you like to come? Ni tm li, xt v chc nng din t tng lai chng ta c th sp xp theo th t t mnh (strong) n yu (weak) nh sau:

Hin ti tip din > Tng lai gn> Tng lai n Hy vng cc bn nm c cch phn bit 3 th ny. Sau y l mt s bi luyn tp: