Ph lc 2.

1: Cc thuc th chung
2.1.1 Ho cht v thuc th Acetaldehyd C2H4O = 44,1. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng trong, khng mu, d chy. Ho trn vi nc, ethanol, cloroform v ether. T trong 20 oC: Khong 0,788. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,332. im si: Khong 21 oC. Dung dch acetaldehyd 0,1 % Ha tan 1 g acetaldehyd (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Pha long 5 ml dung dch thu c thnh 50 ml vi nc. Dung dch ch pha ngay trc khi dng. Aceton Propan - 2 - on C3H6O = 58,08 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng d bay hi, d bt la. im si: Khong 56 OC. Khi lng ring: Khong 0,79 g/ml. Hm lng nc: Khng c qu 0,3% kl/kl (Ph lc 10.3), dng pyridin khan lm dung mi. Acetonitril Methyl cyanid C2H3N = 41,05 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu. T trng 20 OC: Khong 0,78. Ch s khc x 20 OC: Khong 1,344. Phn chng ct c trong khong 80 n 82 OC khng c t hn 95%. Acetonitril dng trong phng php quang ph truyn quang: Khng c nh hn 98% trong khong bc sng t 255 n 420 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. Acetonitril dng trong phng php sc k Hm lng C2H3N khng c t hn 99,8%. truyn quang: Khng c nh hn 98% bc sng 240 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. Acetyl clorid C2H3ClO = 78,50 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. T trng 20 0C: Khong 1,10.

Phn chng ct c trong khong 49 n 53 OC khng c t hn 95%. Acetyltyrosin ethyl ester Ethyl N-acetyl-L-tyrosinat C13H17NO4. H2O = 269,3. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt kt tinh mu trng. Gc quay cc ring 20 oC: +21o n +25o, dung dch 1% (kl/tt) trong ethanol. Gi tr A(1%, 1 cm) bc sng 278 nm: 60 n 68, dung dch trong ethanol. Acid acetic bng Acid acetic kt tinh c CH3COOH = 60,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, mi hng cay. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,05 g/ml. im ng c: Khong 16 OC. Hm lng CH3COOH: Khng c nh hn 98,0% kl/kl. Dung dch acid acetic xM Pha long 57x ml (60x g) acid acetic bng (TT) vi nc va 1000 ml. Acid acetic (Dung dch acid acetic 30% - Dung dch acid acetic 5 M) Pha long 30 g acid acetic bng (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Hm lng CH3COOH khong 29,0 - 31,0%. Acid acetic long (Dung dch acid acetic 12% Dung dch acid acetic 2 M) Pha long 12 g acid acetic bng (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Hm lng CH3COOH khong 11,5 - 12,5%. Dung dch acid acetic 6% Ly 100 ml dung dch acid acetic 30% (TT), pha long nc va 500 ml. Acid acetic khan CH3COOH = 60,1 Acid acetic bng dng trong chun mi trng khan, hm lng CH3COOH khng t hn 99,6% (kl/kl). T trng 20 OC: T 1,052 n 1,053. im si: 117 n 119 OC. Hm lng nc: Khng c qu 0,4% (kl/kl) (Ph lc 10.3). Nu hm lng nc ln hn 0,4%, lm

khan bng cch cho thm anhydrid acetic (TT) (7 ml cho mi gam nc). Dung dch acid peroxyacetic Pha long 1 ml hydrogen peroxyd 100 tt (TT) thnh 100 ml vi acid acetic khan (TT). Lc u, yn 12 gi trc khi s dng. Gn sau 24 gi pha ch. Acid 4 - aminobenzoic C7H7NO2 = 137,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Tinh th mu trng, chuyn sang mu vng nht khi tip xc vi khng kh v nh sng. Rt d tan trong nc si, ethanol, ether v acid acetic, tan rt t trong nc. im chy: Khong 188 0C. Dung dch acid 4-aminobenzoic Ha tan 1 g acid 4-aminobenzoic (TT) trong hn hp gm 18 ml acid acetic khan (TT), 20 ml nc v 1 ml acid phosphoric (TT). Trc khi dng trn 2 th tch dung dch trn vi 3 th tch aceton (TT). Acid (4-aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamic C12H14N2O5 = 266,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: Khong 173 C. Acid 3-aminomethylalirazin -N,N-diacetic Acid aminomethylalirazindiacetic C19H15NO8.2H2O = 421,4 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt mn mu nu cam hay vng nht. im chy: Khong 185 oC. Phi t yu cu sau: Mt khi lng do lm kh: Khng qu 10,0%, dng 1 g. Acid 8-aminonaphthalen-2-sulfonic Acid 8-amino-2-naphthalensulfonic; Acid 1naphthylamin-7-sulfonic C10H9NO3S = 223,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Dung dch acid aminonaphthalensulfonic Trn 0,5 g acid 8-aminonaphthalen-2-sulfonic (TT), 30 ml acid acetic bng (TT) vi 120 ml nc, un nng v khuy cho n khi ha tan hon ton. ngui, lc. S dng dung dch trong vng 3 tun. Acid benzoic

C6H5COOH = 122,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Acid boric H3BO3 = 61,83 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch acid boric 5% Ho tan 5 g acid boric (TT) trong nc nng, thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid boric 3% Ho tan 3 g acid boric (TT) trong nc nng, thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid boric Ha tan 5 g acid boric (TT) trong hn hp 20 ml nc v 20 ml ethanol (TT). Thm ethanol (TT) va 250 ml. Acid citric C6H8O7. H2O = 210,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Acid citric dng trong php th gii hn st phi tho mn yu cu sau: Ho tan 0,5 g acid citric (TT) trong 10 ml nc, thm 0,1 ml acid mercaptoacetic (TT), trn u, kim ho bng dung dch amoniac 10 M (TT) v thm nc va 20 ml. Mu hng khng c xut hin. Dung dch acid citric 18% Ho tan 18 g acid citric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Acid cloroplatinic H2PtCl6 + nc Dng loi tinh khit ho hc, hm lng khng t hn 37% (kl/kl) Pt. Khi tinh th mu nu, d chy nc. nh lng: Nung 0,2 g ho cht n khi lng khng i 900 oC v cn cn cn li (platin). Acid cromic (dung dch) Ho tan 84 g crom trioxyd (TT) trong 700 ml nc, va thm va khuy vi 400 ml acid sulfuric (TT). Acid 3-cyclohexylpropionic C9H16O2= 156,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. T trong 20 oC: Khong 0,998. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,4648. im si: Khong 130 oC. Acid 2-ethylhexanoic Acid 2-ethylhexoic

C8H16O2= 144,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu. T trong 20 oC: Khong 0,91. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,425. im si: Khong 130 oC. Phi p ng php th sau: Tp cht lin quan: Tin hnh bng phng php sc k kh (Ph lc 5.2), dng 1 l dung dch c chun b nh sau. Trn u 0,2 g ch phm trong 5 ml nc, thm 3 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 2 N (TT) v 5 ml hexan (TT), lc trong 1 pht, yn cho tch lp. S dng lp trn. S dng cch tin hnh nh m t trong php th acid 2-ethylhexanoic, chuyn lun Amoxicilin natri. Tng din tch ca cc pic ph khng c ln hn 2,5% din tch ca pic chnh. Acid fluofenamic C14H10F3NO2= 281,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Tinh th hnh kim hay bt kt kinh mu vng nht. im chy: 132 - 135 C. Acid formic HCOOH = 46,03 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, mi hng cay v rt n da. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,20 g/ml. Hm lng HCOOH: Khong 90% (kl/kl). Acid formic khan HCOOH = 46,03 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, mi hng cay v rt n da. T trng 20 OC: Khong 1,22 Hm lng HCOOH: Khng t hn 98,0% (kl/kl). nh lng: Cn chnh xc mt bnh nn cha sn 10 ml nc, cho nhanh vo khong 1 ml acid formic ri cn li. Thm 50 ml nc v chun bng dung dch natri hydroxyd 1 N (C), dng 0,5 ml dung dch phenolphtalein (TT) lm ch th. 1 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 1 N tng ng vi 46,03 mg HCOOH. Acid hydrocloric (Acid hydrocloric m c) HCl = 36,46. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch.

Cht lng trong, khng mu, bc khi. T trng 20 OC: Khong 1,18 Hm lng HCl: 35 - 38% (kl/kl), khong 11,5 M Bo qun nhit khng qu 30 OC, trong bao b bng polyethylen hoc vt liu khng phn ng vi acid hydrocloric. Dung dch acid hydrocloric xM Pha long 85x ml acid hydrocloric (TT) vi nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch acid hydrocloric 25% Pha long 61 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid hydrocloric 16% Pha long 39 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid hydrocloric 10% Pha long 24 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid hydrocloric long Pha long 17 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid hydrocloric 1% Pha long 2,4 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Acid hydrocloric brom ho Dng loi c hm lng arsen thp, hoc iu ch bng cch thm 1 ml dung dch brom (TT) vo 100 ml acid hydrocloric (TT). Dung dch acid hydrocloric thic ho Dng loi c hm lng arsen thp, hoc iu ch bng cch thm 1 ml dung dch thic (II) clorid (TT) vo 100 ml acid hydrocloric (TT). Dung dch acid hydrocloric trong ethanol Pha nh cc dung dch acid hydrocloric khc, nhng thay nc bng ethanol 96% (TT). Nu khng ghi c th nng , dng dung dch sau: Pha long 5 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 1 M (TT) thnh 500 ml vi ethanol 96% (TT). Dung dch acid hydrocloric trong methanol Pha nh cc dung dch acid hydrocloric khc, nhng thay nc bng methanol (TT). Acid mercaptoacetic Acid thioglycolic HSCH2COOH = 92,12. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu, c mi kh ngi.

Khi lng ring: Khong 1,33 g/ml. Acid nitric (Acid nitric m c) HNO3 = 63,01 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng bc khi, n mn, c nng khong 16 M. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,42 g/ml. Hm lng HNO3: Khong 70% (kl/kl). Dung dch acid nitric xM Pha long 63x ml acid nitric (TT) vi nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch acid nitric 50% Pha long 80 g acid nitric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid nitric 32% Pha long 46 g acid nitric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid nitric 25% Pha long 40 g acid nitric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid nitric 16% Pha long 23 g acid nitric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid nitric 12,5% (Dung dch acid nitric 2 M - Acid nitric long) Pha long 20 g acid nitric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid nitric 10% Pha long 15 g acid nitric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Acid nitric bc khi HNO3 = 63,01 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng mu vng, bc khi, n mn. T trng 20 OC: Khong 1,5. Hm lng HNO3: Khong 95% (kl/kl). Acid nitric khng c ch Phi p ng php th sau: Ch: khng qu 0,1 phn triu (Ph lc 4.4). o hp th 283,3 nm hoc 217 nm, dng n cathod rng ch, ngn la acetylen - khng kh. Dung dch th c chun b nh sau: Thm 0,1 g natri carbonat khan (TT) vo 100 g acid nitric (TT) v bc hi ti kh. Ha tan cn trong nc bng cch un nng nh v pha long thnh 50 ml vi nc.

Acid nitric khng c cadmi v ch Phi p ng php th sau: Cadmi: Khng c qu 0,1 phn triu (Ph lc 4.4). o hp th 228,8 nm, dng n cathod rng cadmi v ngn la acetylen - khng kh hay khng kh - propan. Dung dch th c chun b nh sau: Thm 0,1 g natri carbonat khan (TT) vo 100 g acid nitric (TT) v bc hi ti kh. Ho tan cn trong nc bng cch un nng nh, pha long thnh 50 ml vi nc. Ch: Khng qu 0,1 phn triu, xc nh nh acid nitric khng c ch. Acid nitric khng c kim loi nng Phi p ng cc yu cu ca acid nitric (TT) v nng ti a ca cc kim loi nng nh sau: As: 0,005 phn triu, Cd: 0,005 phn triu, Cu: 0,001 phn triu, Fe: 0,02 phn triu, Hg: 0,002 phn triu, Ni: 0,005 phn triu, Pb: 0,001 phn triu, Zn: 0,01 phn triu. Acid oxalic (COOH)2. 2H2O = 126,07 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, d tan trong ethanol. Dung dch acid oxalic 10% (TT) Ho tan 10 g acid oxalic (TT) trong nc v thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid oxalic 6,3% Ha tan 6,3 g acid oxalic (TT) trong nc v thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid oxalic 5% Ho tan 5 g acid oxalic (TT) trong nc v thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid oxalic 4% Ha tan 4 g acid oxalic (TT) trong nc v thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid oxalic trong acid sulfuric Ho tan 5 g acid oxalic (TT) trong hn hp 50 ml nc v 50 ml acid sulfuric (TT) ngui. Acid percloric HClO4 = 100,46 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng trong, khng mu, hn hp c vi nc. Rt n mn, c th gy chy n khi tip xc vi cht d oxy ho. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,7 g/ml.

Hm lng HClO4: 70,0 - 73,0% (kl/kl). Dung dch acid percloric xM Pha long 82x ml acid percloric (TT) vi nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch acid percloric Pha long 8,5 ml acid percloric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml (khong 0,1 M) Acid phosphomolybdic Acid dodecamolybdophosphoric H3PO4. 12MoO3. 24H2O = 2258 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mn, mu vng cam. Tan trong nc, ethanol v ether. Dung dch acid phosphomolybdic 10% trong ethanol Ho tan 10 g acid phosphomolybdic (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch acid phosphomolybdic 5% trong ethanol Ha tan 5 g acid phosphomolybdic (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) v thm ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml. Acid phosphoric (Acid phosphoric m c) Acid orthophosphoric H3PO4 = 98,00 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng n mn. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,75 g/ml. Hm lng H3PO4: Khng c nh hn 84% (kl/kl). Dung dch acid phosphoric 25% Pha long 30 g acid phosphoric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid phosphoric 10% Pha long 12 g acid phosphoric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid phosphoric 3% Pha long 3,5 g acid phosphoric (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Acid picric 2,4,6 - Trinitrophenol C6H3O7N3 = 229,11 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th hnh vy nh hay lng tr, hay bt kt tinh mu vng nht, bng, khng mi, c lm

m ng lng vi nc m bo an ton, n khi un nng nhanh hoc b va p. Bo qun m vi nc. Dung dch bo ha acid picric Cho dn 100 ml nc vo 12,3 g acid picric (TT), lc lin tc, yn 24 gi, thnh thong lc u. Bo qun trong l thu tinh mu nt mi, trnh nh sng. Dung dch acid picric 1% Ho tan 1 g acid picric (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid picric Thm 0,25 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 10 M (TT) vo 100 ml dung dch bo ho acid picric (TT). Dung dch natri picrat kim Trn 20 ml dung dch acid picric 1% (TT) vi 10 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 5% (TT), thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ch dng trong vng 2 ngy. Acid pteroic Acid 4-[[(2-amino-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropteridin-6yl)methyl]amino]benzoic C14H12N6O3= 312,3 Tinh th, tan trong cc dung dch kim. Acid salicylic C7H6O3 = 138,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch acid salicylic 0,024% Ho tan 0,24 g acid salicylic (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Pha trc khi dng. Dung dch acid salicylic 0,01% Ho tan 0,10 g acid salicylic (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Pha trc khi dng. Acid silicowolframic Acid silicotungstic H4[Si(W3O10)4] . xH2O = 2878,29 (khan) Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Tinh th mu trng hay trng ng, d chy nc. Rt d tan trong nc v ethanol. Dung dch acid silicowolframic 10% Ho tan 10 g acid silicowolframic (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid silicowolframic 5% (Thuc th

Bertrand) Ho tan 5 g acid silicowolframic (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid silicowolframic 0,2% Ho tan 0,2 g acid silicowolframic (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Acid sulfamic H3NO3S = 97,1 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. D tan trong nc, hi tan trong aceton, ethanol 96% v methanol, thc t khng tan trong ether. im chy: Khong 205 oC km phn hu. Acid sulfanilic C6H7NO3S = 173,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt mu trng hay gn nh trng. Rt d tan trong cc dung dch amoniac, natri hydroxyd v natri carbonat, tan trong nc nng, tan rt t trong nc. Dung dch acid sulfanilic 2,5% Ho tan 2,5 g acid sulfanilic (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid sulfanilic c diazo ho Ho tan 0,9 g acid sulfanilic (TT) trong 9 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) bng cch un nng, pha long thnh 100 ml vi nc. Ly 10 ml dung dch thu c, lm lnh trong nc v thm 10 ml dung dch natri nitrit 4,5% (TT) c lm lnh trc. trong nc 15 pht, trc khi dng thm 20 ml dung dch natri carbonat 10% (TT). Dung dch acid sulfanilic diazo ha Ha tan bng cch un nng 0,2 g acid sulfanilic (TT) trong 20 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 1 N (TT). Lm lnh trong nc , thm tng git 2,2 ml dung dch natri nitrit 4%, lc lin tc. yn trong nc 10 pht, thm 1 ml dung dch acid sulfamic 5%. Acid sulfosalicylic C6H3 (OH) (SO3H)COOH.2H2O = 254,22 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. Rt d tan trong nc v ethanol, tan trong ether. im chy: Khong 109 OC. Dung dch acid sulfosalicylic

Ho tan 100 g acid sulfosalicylic (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml Bo qun trong l thu tinh mu, trnh nh sng. Acid sulfuric (Acid sulfuric m c) H2SO4 = 98,08 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng snh, n mn mnh. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,84 g/ml. Hm lng H2SO4: Khong 96% (kl/kl). Dung dch acid sulfuric xM Cho cn thn 54x ml acid sulfuric (TT) vo ng th tch nc, thm nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch acid sulfuric 50% Cho t t 285 ml acid sulfuric (TT) vo 500 ml nc, lc lin tc. Lm ngui, thm nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch acid sulfuric 38% Cho t t 22 ml acid sulfuric (TT) vo 60 ml nc, lc lin tc. Lm ngui, thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid sulfuric 20% Cho t t 11,5 ml acid sulfuric (TT) vo 80 ml nc, lc lin tc. Lm ngui, thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid sulfuric 10% (Acid sulfuric long) Cho t t 6 ml acid sulfuric (TT) vo 50 ml nc, lc lin tc. Lm ngui, thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch acid sulfuric 5% Pha long gp i dung dch acid sulfuric 10% (TT) vi nc. Dung dch acid sulfuric 2% Pha long gp 5 ln dung dch acid sulfuric 10% (TT) vi nc. Dung dch acid sulfuric 1% Pha long gp 10 ln dung dch acid sulfuric 10% (TT) vi nc. Dung dch acid sulfuric trong ethanol Pha nh cc dung dch acid sulfuric khc, nhng thay nc bng ethanol 96% (TT). Nu khng ghi r nng , dng dung dch sau: Cn thn v lm lnh lin tc, khuy 20 ml acid sulfuric (TT) vi 60 ml ethanol 96% (TT), lnh v pha long thnh 100 ml vi ethanol 96% (TT). Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch acid sulfuric trong methanol

Pha nh cc dung dch acid sulfuric khc, nhng thay nc bng methanol (TT). Acid sulfuric khng c kim loi nng Phi p ng cc yu cu ca acid sulfuric (TT) v nng ti a ca cc kim loi nng nh sau: As: 0,005 phn triu, Cd: 0,002 phn triu, Cu: 0,001 phn triu, Fe: 0,05 phn triu, Hg: 0,005 phn triu, Ni: 0,002 phn triu, Pb: 0,001 phn triu, Zn: 0,005 phn triu. Acid sulfuric khng c nitrogen H2SO4 = 98,08 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. C cha khong 96% (kl/kl) H2SO4. Tun theo php th sau: Nitrat: Ly 5 ml nc, thm cn thn vo 45 ml ch phm th, mt n 40 oC v thm 8 mg N,N-diphenylbenzidin. Dung dch c mu hng nht hoc mu xanh rt nht. Acid tartric C4H6O6 = 150,09 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu hay bt kt tinh mu trng. D tan trong nc. Dung dch acid tartric 20% Ho tan 20 g acid tartric (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Acid toluensulfonic Acid 4-methylbenzensulfonic; Acid toluen-psulfonic C7H8O3S. H2O = 190,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha t nht 87,0% C7H8O3S. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. D tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v ether. Acid tricloracetic C2HCl3O2 = 163,4 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch Tinh th khng mu, d chy nc, c mi hng cay. Rt d tan trong nc v ethanol. Dung dch acid tricloracetic 10% trong methanol Ha tan 10 g acid tricloracetic (TT) trong methanol (TT) va 100 ml. Alcol amylic Alcol isoamylic; 3 - methylbutan - 1 - ol

C5H12O = 88,15 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu. im si: Khong 130 OC. Khi lng ring: Khong 0,81 g/ml. Alizarin S Alizarin S C14H7NaO7S. H2O = 360,3 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt mu nu vng hay vng cam. D tan trong nc v ethanol 96%. Dung dch alizarin S Ha tan 0,1 g alizarin S (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Phi p ng php th sau: nhy vi bari: Thm 5 ml nc, 50 ml dung dch m acetat pH 3,7 (TT) v 0,5 ml dung dch alizarin S (TT) vo 5 ml dung dch acid sulfuric 0,05 M (C). Thm tng git dung dch bari perclorat 0,05 M (C). Mu chuyn t vng sang cam. Khong chuyn mu: pH 3,7 (vng) n pH 5,2 (tm). Amaranth S C20H11N2Na3O10S3 = 604 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt mn mu nu m hoc mu nu m. Khi dng chun iod v iodid bng kali iodat, mu chuyn t cam sang vng. Dung dch amaranth S 0,2% Ho tan 0,2 g amaranth S (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. 3-Aminopropanol 3-Aminopropan-1-ol C3H9NO = 75,1 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng snh, khng mu, trong. T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,99. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,461. im chy: Khong 11 oC. Aminopyrazolon 4-Aminophenazon C11H13N3O = 203,3 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt hay tinh th hnh kim mu vng nht. im chy: Khong 108 oC.

Dung dch aminophenazon (Dung dch aminopyrazolon) Dung dch 4-aminophenazon 0,1% trong dung dch m borat pH 9,0 . Amoni acetat CH3CO2NH4 = 77,08 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu, rt d chy nc. Rt d tan trong nc v ethanol. Dung dch amoni acetat Ha tan 150 g amoni acetat (TT) trong nc, thm 3 ml acid acetic bng (TT) v nc va 1000 ml. Ch dng trong vng 1 tun sau khi pha. Dung dch amoni acetat 2 M Ho tan 154 g amoni acetat (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Amoni carbonat Amoni carbonat l hn hp cc t l khc nhau ca amoni hydrocarbonat (NH4HCO3 = 79,1) v amoni carbamat (NH2COONH4 = 78,1) Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt mu trng trong. Tan trong nc, phn hu trong nc nng, khng tan trong ethanol v dung dch amoniac m c. Hm lng NH3 gii phng ra khng c t hn 30% (kl/kl). Bo qun trong ng kn, nhit khng qu 20 OC. Dung dch amoni carbonat 20% Ho tan 20 g amoni carbonat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch bo ho amoni carbonat Ho tan amoni carbonat (TT) trong nc n khi thu c dung dch bo ho, lc. Dung dch amoni carbonat long Ha tan 5 g amoni carbonat (TT) trong hn hp 7,5 ml dung dch amoniac 5 M (TT) v 50 ml nc, pha long thnh 100 ml vi nc, lc nu cn. Amoni ceri sulfat Xem Ceri amoni sulfat. Amoni clorid NH4Cl = 53,49 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch.

Tinh th trng, khng mi, v mt v hi mn. Tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol. Dung dch amoni clorid 10% Ho tan 10 g amoni clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch amoni cobalthiocyanat Ha tan 37,5 g cobalt (II) nitrat (TT) v 150 g amoni thiocyanat (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Pha trc khi dng. Amoni dihydrophosphat (NH4)H2PO4 = 115,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Amoni molybdat (NH4)6Mo7O24. 4H2O = 1235,86 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu hoc mu lc vng. Tan trong nc. Dung dch amoni molybdat Ho tan 15 g amoni molybdat (TT) trong 40 ml nc. Rt t t dung dch thu c vo 130 ml acid nitric long (TT), khuy lin tc. yn hn hp trong 24 gi, sau gn ly lp trong. Dung dch khng c vn c khi un ti 50 OC. Trn 5 ml dung dch vi 2 ml dung dch natri hydrophosphat 0,01%, un nh. Ta vng phi xut hin r. Nu kt ta t, phi pha dung dch amoni molybdat mi. Bo qun dung dch ch ti. Nu trong qu trnh bo qun xut hin ta, gn ly phn trong. Dung dch amoni molybdat 5% trong acid sulfuric Ho tan 0,5 g amoni molybdat (TT) trong 10 ml acid sulfuric (TT). Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch amoni molybdat - acid sulfuric Ho tan 10 g amoni molybdat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Thm t t dung dch thu c vo 250 ml dung dch acid sulfuric 10 M (TT) c lm lnh. Bo qun trong chai nha, trnh nh sng. Dung dch sulphomolybdic Ho tan bng cch un nng 2,5 g amoni molybdat (TT) trong 20 ml nc (dung dch 1).

Thm t t 28 ml acid sulfuric (TT) vo 50 ml nc v lm lnh (dung dch 2). Trn dung dch 1 vo dung dch 2, thm nc va 100 ml. Bo qun trong chai l polyethylen. Amoni oxalat (COONH4)2. H2O = 142,11 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu. Tan trong nc. Dung dch amoni oxalat bo ho Ho tan amoni oxalat (TT) trong nc n khi thu c dung dch bo ho, lc. Dung dch amoni oxalat 5% Ho tan 5 g amoni oxalat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch amoni oxalat 4% Ho tan 4 g amoni oxalat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch amoni oxalat 3,5% Ho tan 3,5 g amoni oxalat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch amoni oxalat 2,5% Ho tan 2,5 g amoni oxalat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Amoni phosphat Diamoni hydrophosphat; Diamoni hydrogen orthophosphat (NH4)2HPO4 = 132,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt tinh th hay tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Amoni phosphat Amoni hydrogen orthophosphat (NH4)2HPO4 = 132,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. pH ca dung dch 2,3% (kl/tt): Khong 4,2 (Ph lc 6.2). Amoni persulfat (NH4)S2O8 = 228,20 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt tinh th mu trng. D tan trong nc. Dung dch amoni persulfat 20% Ho tan 20 g amoni persulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch amoni persulfat 10% Ho tan 10 g amoni persulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml.

Amoni pyrolidin dithiocarbamat Amoni tetramethylen dithiocarbamat C5H12N2S2 = 164,3 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt tinh th mu trng n vng nht. Hi tan trong nc, rt kh tan trong ethanol. Bo qun trong l c cha ming amoni carbonat trong ti mt-x-lin. Dung dch amoni pyrolidin dithiocarbamat Ho tan 1 g amoni pyrolidin dithiocarbamat (TT) vi nc va 100 ml. Ngay trc khi dng, ra 3 ln, mi ln vi 25 ml 4-methylpentan-2-on (TT). Amoni sulfamat NH2SO3NH4 = 114,1 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh mu trng hay tinh th khng mu, ht m. D tan trong nc, kh tan trong ethanol. im chy: Khong 130 oC. Amoni sulfat (NH4)2SO4 = 132,14 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu hay bt cm mu trng. Rt d tan trong nc. Amoni sulfocyanid Amoni thiocyanat NH4SCN = 76,12 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu trng. Rt d tan trong nc v ethanol, tan trong methanol v aceton, hu nh khng tan trong cloroform v ethyl acetat. Dung dch amoni sulfocyanid (Dung dch amoni sulfocyanid 0,1 M) Ho tan 7,6 g amoni sulfocyanid (TT) trong 50 ml nc v thm nc va 100 ml. Amoni vanadat Amoni meta vanadat NH4VO3 = 116,98 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt tinh th mu trng n hi vng. Kh tan trong nc, tan trong dung dch amoniac long. Dung dch amoni metavanadat (Dung dch amoni vanadat) Ha tan 5 g amoni vanadat (TT) trong hn hp gm 10 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 5 N (TT) v

90 ml nc bng cch un nng. ngui, lc qua bng thy tinh nu cn. Dung dch amoni vanadat 1% trong acid sulfuric Ho tan 0,1 g amoni vanadat (TT) trong 10 ml acid sulfuric (TT). Amoniac (Amoniac m c) NH3 = 17,03 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng trong, khng mu, mi mnh c bit. T trng 20 OC: Khong 0,91. Hm lng NH3: Khong 25% (13,5 M). Dung dch amoniac xM Pha long 75x ml amoniac (TT) vi nc thnh 1000 ml. Dung dch amoniac long (Dung dch amoniac 10%) Ly 440 ml amoniac (TT) ho vo nc v thm nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch amoniac 5% Ly 500 ml dung dch amoniac long (TT) ho vo nc v thm nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch amoniac trong methanol Pha nh cc dung dch amoniac khc, nhng thay nc bng methanol (TT). Dung dch kim amoniac Ly 5 g natri hydroxyd (TT) thm 2 ml amoniac m c (TT), thm nc va 100 ml. Anhydrid acetic (CH3CO)2O = 102,09 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng trong, khng mu, mi hc. Dung dch trong nc b thu phn nhanh v to mi acid acetic. im si: 136 142 OC. Hm lng (CH3CO)2O: Khng c t hn 97,0%. Anhydrid propionic C6H10O3 = 130,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng trong, khng mu, mi hng. Tan trong ethanol v ether. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,01 g/ml. im si: Khong 167 0C. Anilin C6H5NH2 = 93,13

Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng snh, khng mu hay mu vng nht. T trng 20 OC: Khong 1,02. im si: Khong 183 186 OC. Bo qun trnh nh sng. Dung dch anilin 2,5% Ho tan 2,5 g anilin (TT) trong 80 ml nc v thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch anilin trong cyclohexan Ho tan 0,9 g anilin (TT) trong cyclohexan (TT) va 100 ml. Anisaldehyd 4-Methoxybenzaldehyd C8H8O2 = 136,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng snh, khng mu n vng nht, c mi thm. im si: Khong 248 OC. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,125 g/ml. Dung dch anisaldehyd Trn u theo th t 0,5 ml anisaldehyd (TT), 10 ml acid acetic bng (TT), 85 ml methanol (TT) v 5 ml acid sulfuric (TT). Dung dch anisaldehyd trong ethanol Thm 90 ml ethanol 96% (TT) vo 10 ml anisaldehyd (TT), trn u. Thm 10 ml acid sulfuric (TT) v trn u. Dung dch anisaldehyd trong acid sulfuric Trn 10 ml acid sulfuric (TT) vo 5 ml anisaldehyd (TT). Antimony triclorid Stibi triclorid SbCl3 = 228,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th hay vy khng mu, bc khi trong khng kh m. Tan trong ethanol, aceton, ether v benzen. Dung dch antimony triclorid Ra nhanh 30 g antimony triclorid (TT) 2 ln, mi ln vi 15 ml cloroform khng c ethanol (TT). Ha tan ngay cc tinh th ra trong 100 ml cloroform khng c ethanol (TT) bng cch lm nng nh. Bo qun vi vi gam natri sulfat khan. Thuc th antimony triclorid (TT) Chun b 2 dung dch gc bng cch sau:

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Dung dch A: Ho tan 110 g antimony triclorid (TT) trong 400 ml ethylen clorid (TT), thm 2 g nhm oxyd khan (TT), trn u, lc qua phu xp vo bnh nh mc 500 ml, pha long thnh 500 ml vi ethylen clorid (TT). hp th ca dung dch thu c (Ph lc 4.1), o trong cc dy 2 cm, khng c ln hn 0,07, dng ethylen clorid (TT) lm mu trng. Dung dch B: Trn 100 ml acetyl clorid (TT) ct li, khng mu vi 400 ml ethylen clorid (TT) v bo qun ch lnh. Trn u 90 ml dung dch A vi 10 ml dung dch B. Bo qun trong chai thu tinh mu nt mi. Dng trong vng 7 ngy. Khng dng thuc th, nu c mu. Arsen trioxyd As2O3 = 197,84 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu trng. Kh tan trong nc, tan trong nc si. Dung dch natri arsenit 0,1 M Ho tan 4,946 g arsen trioxyd (TT) trong hn hp gm 20 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 10 M (TT) v 20 ml nc, pha long thnh 400 ml vi nc, thm dung dch acid hydrocloric 2 M (TT) n khi trung tnh vi giy qu. Ho tan 2 g natri hydrocarbonat (TT) trong dung dch ny v thm nc va 500 ml. Bari clorid BaCl2. 2H2O = 244,28. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu. D tan trong nc. Dung dch bari clorid 5% Ho tan 5 g bari clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch bari clorid 0,5 M Ho tan 12,2 g bari clorid (TT) trong nc va 100ml. Dung dch bari clorid 0,25 M (6,1%) Ho tan 6,1 g bari clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Bari hydroxyd Ba(OH)2. 8H2O = 315,5 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu. Tan trong nc. Dung dch bari hydroxyd

Ho tan 4,73 g bari hydroxyd (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Bc nitrat AgNO3 = 169,87 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu hay mu trng, chuyn thnh mu xm en khi ngoi nh sng. Dung dch bc nitrat 5% Ho tan 5 g bc nitrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Bo qun trong l thu tinh mu, c nt mi. Dung dch bc nitrat 4,25% Ha tan 4,25 g bc nitrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Bo qun trong chai l thy tinh mu, c nt mi. Dung dch bc nitrat 4% Ho tan 4 g bc nitrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Bo qun trong l thu tinh mu, c nt mi. Dung dch bc nitrat 2% Ho tan 2 g bc nitrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Bo qun trong l thu tinh mu, c nt mi. Bc oxyd Ag2O = 231,7 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt mu en nu. Hu nh khng tan trong nc v ethanol, d tan trong acid nitric long v amoniac. Benzen C6H6 = 78,11 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, d bt la. im si: Khong 80 OC. Benzil Diphenylethandion C14H10O2= 210,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: 95 C. Benzophenon C13H10O = 182,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: Khong 48 C. 1,4-Benzoquinon Cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1,4-dion C6H4O2 = 108,1

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Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 98,0% C6H4O2. Bt kt tinh vng, c mi c trng. t tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v ether. Benzoyl clorid C7H5ClO = 140,6 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, gy chy nc mt, bc khi trong khng kh m. T trng 20 oC: Khong 1,21. im si: Khong 197 OC. Bismuth nitrat base Bismuth oxynitrat; Bismuth subnitrat 4[BiNO3(OH2). BiO(OH)] = 1462 Mui base cha khong 80% Bi2O3. Bt mu trng, nng, hi ht m. Tan trong acid hydrocloric, acid nitric, acid sulfuric long v acid acetic, hu nh khng tan trong nc v ethanol. Boron triclorid BCl3 = 117,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Kh khng mu, phn ng rt mnh vi nc. Tn ti dng dung dch trong cc dung mi thch hp (2-cloroethanol, dicloromethan, hexan, heptan, methanol). im si: Khong 12,6 oC. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,420. Boron trifluorid BF3 = 67,8 Dng li tinh khit ha hc. Kh khng mu. Dung dch boron trifluorid (Dung dch boron trifluorid trong methanol) Dung dch cha khong 14% BF3 trong methanol (TT). Brom Br2 = 159,8 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng nng, bc khi, mu nu, n da mnh. T trng 20 0C: Khong 3,1. Nc brom (Dung dch bo ho brom) iu ch bng cch thnh thong lc 3 ml brom (TT) vi 100 ml nc trong 24 gi, ri yn cho tch lp.

Bo qun trong l thu tinh mu nt mi, trnh nh sng v trn mt lng d brom (TT) Dung dch brom Ho tan 30 g brom (TT) v 30 g kali bromid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch brom trong acid acetic Ha tan 100 g kali acetat (TT) trong acid acetic bng (TT), thm 4 ml brom (TT) v acid acetic bng (TT) va 1000 ml. Bromelain C c cc enzym thu phn protein c ly t Ananas comosus Merr. Bt mu vng xm Phi p ng php th sau: Hot tnh: 1 g ch phm lm gii phng khong 1,2 g amino nitrogen t mt dung dch gelatin chun trong 20 pht, nhit 45 oC v pH 4,5. Butan-2-on Methyl ethyl keton; Ethyl methyl keton C4H8O = 72,11 Dng loi tinh khit sc k. Cht lng khng mu, d bt la, c mi c trng. im si: Khong 79 C T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,81. Butanol n-Butanol, Butan-1-ol CH3(CH2)2CH2OH = 74,12 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng trong, khng mu. T trng 20 OC: Khong 0,81. im si: 116 n 119 OC. tert-Butanol Cn tert- butyl; 2-Methyl-2-propanol; 2Methylpropan-2-ol C4H10O = 74,1 S dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht rn hay cht lng snh khng mu, mi c trng. Ha trn vi ethanol v ether. im ng c: Khong 25 oC. im si: Khong 82 oC. Khi lng ring 26 oC: Khong 0,78 g/ml. Butyl acetat CH3COO(CH2)3CH3 = 116,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch.

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Cht lng khng mu, d bt la, c mi hoa qu mnh. T trng 20 OC: Khong 0,88. Ch s khc x 20 OC: Khong 1,395. Butylamin n-Butylamin C4H11N = 73,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu, c mi amoniac. im si: Khong 78 OC. Ch s khc x 20 OC: Khong 1,401. Ct v dng trong vng 1 thng. Butyl hydroxytoluen BHT; 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol C15H24O = 220,4 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh mu trng hay tinh th khng mu. im chy: Khong 70 oC. Calcein Bt dng ht mu trng hoc vng nht, khng mi. Khng tan trong nc hoc cc dung mi t nhin khc; d tan trong dung dch hydroxyd kim. Hn hp ch th mu calcein Trn u 0,1 g calcein (TT) v 10 g kali clorid (TT) bng cch nghin. Calci carbonat CaCO3 = 100,09 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Calci clorid CaCl2. 2H2O = 147,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch calci clorid 10% Ho tan 10 g calci clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch calci clorid Ho tan 7,35 g calci clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Calci clorid khan CaCl2 = 110,99 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cm trng, d chy nc. Rt d tan trong nc v ethanol. Hm lng CaCl2 khng c t hn 98,0%, tnh theo ch phm sy kh.

Mt khi lng do lm kh: Khng c qu 5,0%, khi lm kh n khi lng khng i 200 OC. Calci clorid tetrahydrat CaCl2. 4H2O = 183,1 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc, cha khng qu 0,05 phn triu Fe. Calci hydroxyd Ca(OH)2 = 74,09 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt mu trng, tan gn nh hon ton trong 600 phn nc. Dung dch bo ho calci hydroxyd Lc k 10 g calci hydroxyd (TT) vi 1000 ml nc v yn n khi dung dch trong. Calci sulfat CaSO4. 1/2 H2O = 145,15 Bt mu trng, khi trn 1 phn vi 1/2 phn nc, bt b rn li thnh khi cng v xp. Dung dch calci sulfat Lc 5 g calci sulfat (TT) vi 100 ml nc trong 1 gi v lc. Carbomer Polymer lin kt ngang ca acid acrylic, cha 56 68% nhm acid carboxylic (COOH) sau khi sy 80 oC trong 1 gi. Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Khi lng phn t tng i trung bnh khong 3 x 106. Carbon disulfid CS2 = 76,14 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, d bay hi, d bt la, mi kh chu. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,26 g/ml. im si: Khong 46 OC. Carbon tetraclorid Tetracloromethan CCl4 = 153,82 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, c mi c trng. T trng 20 OC: Khong 1,59. im si: T 76 n 77 OC. Carbophenothion O,O-Diethyl S-[(4clorophenyl)thio]methylphosphorodithioat

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C11H16ClO2PS3 = 342,9 Dng loi tinh khit thch hp cho phn tch d lng thuc tr su. C th s dng loi nguyn liu i chiu (10 ng/l trong iso-octan). T trng 25 oC: Khong 1,27. Celulose dng cho sc k Bt trng mn, ng nht, kch thc ht trung bnh nh hn 30 m. Chun b bn mng: Trn 15 g ch phm vi 100 ml nc v khuy u trong 60 giy. Trng lp dy 0,1 mm ln bn sch v kh ngoi khng kh. Ceri amoni sulfat Ce(SO4)2. 2(NH4)2SO4. 2H2O = 632,6 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu vng cam. Tan chm trong nc, tan nhanh hn khi c mt acid v c. Ceri nitrat Ce(NO3)3.6H2O = 434,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Tinh th khng mu hoc mu vng nht. Tan trong nc, ethanol v aceton. Ceri sulfat Ce(SO4)2. 4H2O = 404,3 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Tinh th hoc bt kt tinh mu vng hay vng cam. Rt t tan trong nc lnh, tan chm trong cc dung dch acid v c long lnh, tan nhanh hn trong cc dung mi ny khi un nng. Dung dch ceri sulfat 1% trong acid sulfuric 10% Ho tan 10 g ceri sulfat (TT) trong 850 ml dung dch acid sulfuric 10% (TT) bng cch un nng nh. ngui, thm dung dch acid sulfuric 10% (TT) cho va 1000 ml. Ch acetat Pb(CH3COO)2. 3H2O = 379,35 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. D tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol. Giy tm ch acetat Nhng giy lc vo hn hp gm 10 th tch dung dch ch acetat 9,5% (TT) v 1 th tch acid acetic 2 M (TT), ro ri hong kh, trnh nh sng. Ct thnh tng bng di khong 5 cm, rng 6 mm.

Bo qun trong l thu tinh nt mi, trnh nh sng, trnh acid hay kim. Dung dch ch acetat 20% Ho tan 20 g ch acetat (TT) trong nc, thm acid acetic (TT) ti khi c dung dch trong, thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ch acetat 9,5% Ha tan 9,5 g ch acetat (TT) trong nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT) va 100 ml. Ch nitrat Pb(NO3)2 = 331,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu trng hay tinh th khng mu. D tan trong nc. Dung dch ch nitrat Ha tan 3,3 g ch nitrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Chromotrop II B Chromotrop 2B C16H9N3Na2O10S2 = 513,4 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc Bt mu nu . Dung dch chromotrop II B Ho tan 0,005 g chromotrop II B (TT) trong 100 ml acid sulfuric (TT). Clor Cl2 = 70,91 Nc clor (Dung dch bo ho clor) iu ch bng cch cho lung kh clor chy qua nc n bo ho. ng y trong chai l thu tinh mu nt mi, ch mt, trnh nh sng. Dung dch khng bo qun c lu. Cloral hydrat C2H3Cl3O2 = 165,40 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Tinh th khng mu, mi c bit, d ht m. im chy: Khong 55 OC. Dung dch cloral hydrat Ho tan 50 g cloral hydrat (TT) trong hn hp gm 15 ml nc v 10 ml glycerin (TT). Cloramin B Mui natri ca N-clorobenzen sulfonamid C6H5ClNNaO2S Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cloramin T

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Mui natri ca N-clorotoluen-p-sulfonamid C7H7ClNNaO2S. 3H2O = 281,7 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Dung dch cloramin T 2% Ho tan 2 g cloramin T (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Pha trc khi dng. Dung dch cloramin T 0,02% Ho tan 0,02 g cloramin T (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Pha trc khi dng. 1-Clorobutan Butyl clorid C4H9Cl = 92,6 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng trong, khng mu, d bay hi. im si : Khong 78 oC. Khi lng ring: Khong 0,886/ml. T trng 20 oC: Khong 1,402. 1-Cloro-2,4-dinitrobenzen C6H3ClN2O4 = 202,6 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu vng nht. im chy: Khong 51 oC. Cloroform Tricloromethan CHCl3 = 119,38 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch cha 0,4 n 1,0% (kl/kl) ethanol. Cht lng trong, khng mu, mi c bit. im si: Khong 60 OC. T trng 20 OC: 1,475 - 1,481. Cloroform khng c ethanol Ra cloroform (TT) vi nc nhiu ln, lm khan bng natri sulfat khan (TT), ri ct li. Xc nh khi lng ring (Ph lc 6.5), khng c thp hn 1,49 g/ml. Cloroform khng c ethanol ch iu ch trc khi dng. Cloroform khan Cho 100 g calci clorid khan (TT) vo 1000 ml cloroform (TT), lc mnh, yn 24 gi. Gn cht lng vo bnh kh c nt mi. Cloroform IR Dng loi tinh khit quang ph. Cloroform c n nh vi amylen

Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 99,8% CHCl3 c xc nh bng phng php sc k kh (Ph lc 5.2) v phi p ng cc yu cu sau: Nc: Khng qu 0,05%. Cn sau khi bc hi: Khng qu 0,001%. truyn quang: Khng t hn 50% 255 nm, 80% 260 nm v 98% 300 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. Cobalt acetat (CH3CO2)2Co. 4H2O = 249,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Tinh th mu tm. Tan trong nc, ethanol v acid long. Dung dch cobalt acetat 0,2% trong methanol Ho tan 0,2 g cobalt acetat (TT) trong methanol (TT) va 100 ml. Cobalt clorid CoCl2. 6H2O = 237,93 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu hay tinh th m. Rt d tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol. Dung dch cobalt clorid 2% Ho tan 2 g cobalt clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch cobalt clorid 1% trong methanol Ho tan 1 g cobalt clorid (TT) trong methanol (TT) va 100 ml. Cobalt nitrat Co(NO3)2. 6H2O = 291,04 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th nh mu ngc. Rt d tan trong nc. Dung dch cobalt nitrat Ho tan 5 g cobalt nitrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch cobalt nitrat 10% Ho tan 10 g cobalt nitrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Copolymer styren divinylbenzen Dng loi tinh khit sc k kh. Cc ht polymer lin kt ngang, cng, xp. C nhiu loi vi kch thc ht khc nhau. Cresol o-Cresol C7H8O = 108,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.

15

Khi rn tinh th khng mu hay c mu rt nht, hoc cht lng siu lnh, c mi phenol - hc n im ng c: Khng di 30,5 OC. T trng 20 0C: Khong 1,05. Ch s khc x 20 0C: 1,540 n 1,550. im si: Khong 190 0C. Bo qun trnh nh sng, m v oxygen. Ct li trc khi dng. Crom (VI) oxyd Crom trioxyd CrO3 = 99,99. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th hnh kim hay cm mu nu thm, d chy nc. Curcumin C21H20O6 = 368,4 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh mu nu vng. Tan trong acid acetic bng, thc t khng tan trong nc v ether. im chy: Khong 183 oC. Cyanogen bromid (Dung dch) Thm tng git dung dch amoni thiocyanat 0,1 M (TT) vo nc brom (TT) trong iu kin lm lnh cho ti khi mt mu. Pha ngay trc khi dng. Cyclohexan C6H12 = 84,16 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu. im si: Khong 81 OC. T trng 20 OC: Khong 0,78. Cyclohexan dng cho phng php quang ph truyn quang: Khng c nh hn 45% 220 nm; 70% 235 nm; 90% 240 nm v 98% 250 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. Cyclohexan (TT1) S dng loi cyclohexan dng cho phng php quang ph (TT) v p ng php th sau: Hunh quang: Di bc x bc sng 365 nm, hunh quang o c bc sng 460 nm, trong cc o dy 1 cm, khng c ln hn hunh quang ca dung dch cha 0,002 g quinin trong 1 ml dung dch acid sulfuric 0,05 M (TT). Dibenzosuberon Dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepta-1,4-dien-3-on; 10,11dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-on

C15H12O = 208,3 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: Khong 34 C. Dibutyl ether C8H18O =130,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu,d bt la. im si: Khong 140 0C. T trng 20 0C: Khong 0,77. Ch s khc x 20 0C: Khong 1,399. Ch : Cn thn khi ct hoc lm bay hi dibutyl ether, v c th gii phng peroxyd Dibutyl phtalat Di-n-butyl phtalat C16H22O4 = 278,3 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng khng mu hay c mu rt nht. T trng 20 OC: 1,043 - 1,048. Ch s khc x 20 OC: 1,490 - 1,495. Dch d dy gi Ha tan 2,0 g natri clorid (TT) v 3,2 g pepsin (TT) trong nc, thm 80 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 1 M (TT), thm nc va 1000 ml. Dicloromethan Methylen clorid CH2Cl2 = 84,93 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng d bay hi, ngi thy ngt. im si: Khong 40 OC. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,32 g/ml. 2,6-Diclorophenol-indophenol natri C12H6Cl2NNaO2 = 290,08. L mui natri ca 2,6 dicloro-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)1,4-benzoquinon monoimin. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt mu lc thm. Dung dch nc c mu lam m, chuyn sang mu hng khi acid ho. Dung dch 2,6 diclorophenol - indophenol Ho tan 0,1 g 2,6 diclorophenol - indophenol natri (TT) vi 100 ml nc m v lc. Dung dch ch dng trong vng 3 ngy. 2,6- Dicloroquinon clorimid C6H2Cl3NO = 210,45 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc.

16

Bt kt tinh mu vng hay da cam. Khng tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v cc dung dch kim long. im chy: Khong 66 OC. Dung dch 2,6 - dicloroquinon clorimid Ho tan 0,02 g 2,6-dicloroquinon clorimid (TT) trong 50 ml n-butanol (TT) hay alcol isopropylic (TT). Bo qun trong l thu tinh mu, ch mt. Khng dng dung dch khi c mu hng. 2,5- Diethoxytetrahydrofuran C8H16O3 = 160,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc, cha hn hp ng phn cis v trans. Cht lng khng mu hay vng nht. T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,98. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,418. N,N-Diethylanilin C10H15N = 149,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng mu vng nht, c mi amoniac. im si: Khong 217 oC. Khi lng ring: Khong 0,93/ml. Diethylamin (C2H5)2NH = 73,14 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, d bay hi. im si: Khong 55 OC. T trng 20 OC: Khong 0,71. 1,3-Dihydroxynaphthalen Naphthalen-1,3-diol; Naphthoresorcin C10H8O2 = 160,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Tinh th khng mu. D tan trong nc v ethanol. im chy: Khong 125 oC. Di-isopropyl ether Isopropyl ether C6H14O = 102,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng khng mu, c mi c trng. im si: T 67 n 69 oC. T trng 20 oC: T 0,723 n 0,728. Ch : Ch ct di-isopropyl ether khi t php th nghim sau:

Peroxyd: Cho 8 ml dung dch h tinh bt c kali iodid (TT) vo ng nghim nt mi dung tch 12 ml, ng knh khong 1,5 cm, y ng nghim vi di-isopropyl ether cn th. y nt, lc mnh v yn trnh nh sng trong 30 pht. Khng c c mu to thnh. Bo qun trnh nh sng. Trn nhn phi ghi tn v nng cht bo qun a vo. Dikali hydrophosphat K2HPO4 = 174,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh trng, d ht m. Rt d tan trong nc, t tan trong ethanol. Dimethylacetamid C4H9NO = 87,12 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc, cha khng t hn 99,5% C4H9NO. Cht lng khng mu. im si: Khong 165 oC. T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,94. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,437. Dimethylanilin N,N-dimethylanilin C8H11N = 121,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, chuyn mu trong qu trnh bo qun. Thc t khng tan trong nc, d tan trong cn v trong ether. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,568 Khng t hn 95% chng ct c 192 194 o C. 2,6-Dimethylanilin 2,6-Xylidin C8H11N = 121,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu. T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,98 p-Dimethylamino benzaldehyd 4-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyd (CH3)2NC6H4CHO = 149,19 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu trng hay vng nht. Tan trong ethanol, aceton, cloroform, ether v acid acetic, tan t trong nc. im chy: Khong 74 OC. Dung dch p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyd 2%

17

trong ethanol Ho tan 2 g p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyd (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyd (TT1) Ho tan 0,2 g p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyd (TT) trong 20 ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm 0,5 ml acid hydrocloric (TT). Lc dung dch vi than hot (TT), lc. Dung dch khng c m hn mu ca dung dch iod pha nh sau: Ly 10 ml dung dch iod 0,1 N (C), thm 0,6 g kali iodid (TT) v nc va 100 ml. Pha long 2,0 ml dung dch thu c vi nc thnh 100 ml. Pha ngay trc khi dng. Dung dch p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyd (TT2) Ho tan 0,2 g p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyd (TT) trong hn hp gm 4,5 ml nc v 5,5 ml acid hydrocloric (TT). Pha ngay trc khi dng. 4-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyd C11H13NO = 175,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt hay tinh th mu cam ti nu cam. im chy: Khong 138 C. Dung dch 4-dimethylaminocinnamal-dehyd Ha tan 2,0 g 4-dimethylaminocinnamal-dehyd (TT) trong hn hp gm 100 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 7 N (TT) v 100 ml ethanol (TT). Bo qun ch mt. Pha long gp bn vi ethanol (TT) ngay trc khi dng. Dimethyl carbonat C3H6O3 = 90,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu, khng mi hoc hi c mi kh chu. im si: Khong 90 oC. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,368. T trng 17 oC: Khong 1,065. Dimethyldecylamin C12H27N = 185,4 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc, cha khng t hn 98.0% (lk/lk) C12H27N. im si: Khong 234 C. 1,3-Dimethyl-imidazolidinon DMI C5H10N2O = 114,2. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.

Ch s khc x 20 o: Khong 1,472. im si: Khong 224 oC. Dimethylformamid HCON(CH3)2 = 73,10 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, mi c bit, ho ln vi nc v ethanol. im si: Khong 153 OC. T trng 20 OC: Khong 0,95. Nc: Khng c qu 0,1% (Ph lc 10.3). Dimethyl sulfoxid C2H6OS = 78,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, khng mi hoc hi c mi kh chu. im si: Khong 189 oC. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,479. T trng 20 oC: Khong 1,10. Phi p ng yu cu sau: Nc: Khng qu 1,0% (Ph lc 10.3). Dimethyl sulfoxid dng cho phng php quang ph truyn quang: Khng nh hn 10% 262 nm, 35% 270 nm, 70% 290 nm v 98% 340 nm v nhng bc sng cao hn, dng nc lm mu trng. Dinatri hydrophosphat Na2HPO4. 12H2O = 358,17. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th trong sut, khng mu. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch dinatri hydrophosphat 12% Ho tan 12 g dinatri hydrophosphat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch dinatri hydrophosphat 4% Ho tan 4 g dinatri hydrophosphat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch dinatri hydro phosphat 0,235 M pH 3,0 Ha tan 33,36 g dinatri hydrophosphat khan (TT) trong 1000 ml nc, iu chnh pH ti 10,3 10,5 vi dung dch natri hydroxyd 2 N (TT). Dinitrobenzoyl clorid 3,5-Dinitrobenzoyl clorid C7H3ClN2O5 = 230,6 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc.

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Tinh th hnh kim mu vng, phn hu trong khng kh m. im chy: Khong 68 OC. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazin C6H3 (NO2)2NHNH2 = 198,14 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu cam . t tan trong ethanol, rt kh tan trong nc. im chy: Khong 203 OC. Dung dch 2,4 - dinitrophenylhydrazin trong acid hydrocloric Thm 4 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) vo 0,10 g 2,4dinitrophenylhydrazin (TT), ri thm 20 ml nc nng ho tan. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch dinitrophenylhydrazin - acetohydrocloric Ho tan 0,2 g 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazin (TT) trong 20 ml methanol (TT) v thm 80 ml hn hp ng th tch acetic 30% (TT) v dung dch acid hydrocloric 25% (TT). Dung dch ch pha ngay trc khi dng. Dioctyl natri sulfosuccinat Natri docusat C20H37NaO7S = 444,6 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc, cha 90% C20H37NaO7S. Cc mnh sp mu trng. Tan trong nc, methanol v aceton. D thy phn trong cc dung dch kim. Dioxan 1,4-Dioxan C4H8O2 = 88,11 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, c mi ether. im ng c: 9 11 OC. T trng 20 OC: Khong 1,03. Nc: Khng c qu 0,5%. Ch : Ch ct 1,4-dioxan khi t php th sau: Peroxyd: Cho 8 ml dung dch h tinh bt c kali iodid (TT) vo ng nghim nt mi dung tch 12 ml, ng knh 1,5 cm, y ng nghim vi dioxan cn th. y nt, lc mnh v yn trnh nh sng trong 30 pht. Khng c c mu xut hin. Dung dch dioxan

Pha long 50 ml dung dch dioxan m c (TT) thnh 100 ml vi nc (0,5 mg/ml). Dung dch dioxan (TT1) Pha long 10,0 ml dung dch dioxan (TT) thnh 50 ml vi nc (0,1 mg/ml). Dung dch dioxan m c Ha tan 1 g dioxan (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Pha long 5 ml dung dch thu c thnh 50 ml bng nc (1,0 mg/ml). Diphenylamin C12H11N = 169,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu trng, c mi c bit. t tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol. im chy: Khong 55 OC. Dung dch diphenylamin Ho tan 0,5 g diphenylamin (TT) trong hn hp gm 100 ml acid sulfuric m c (TT) v 20 ml nc. Diphenylcarbazon 1,5-Diphenylcarbazon C13H12N4O = 240,3 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh mu cam. Thc t khng tan trong nc, d tan trong ethanol. im chy: Khong 157 oC cng vi phn hu. Thuc th diphenylcarbazon - thu ngn Ho tan 0,1 g diphenylcarbazon (TT) trong ethanol (TT) va 50 ml (dung dch A). Ho tan 1 g thu ngn (II) clorid (TT) trong ethanol (TT) va 50 ml (dung dch B). Trn u ng th tch dung dch A v dung dch B. Dithizon 1,5-Diphenylthiocarbazon C13H12N4S = 256,3 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt mu xanh en, nu en hay en. Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol Dung dch dithizon 0,025% trong ethanol Ho tan 25 mg dithizon (TT) trong ethanol (TT) va 100 ml. Divanadi pentoxyd Vanadi oxyd V2O5 = 181,9

19

Dng loi tinh khit ho hc, cha khng t hn 98,5% V2O5. Bt tinh th mu vng cam hay tinh th mu nu . Kh tan trong nc, tan trong dung dch acid v dung dch kim. Phi p ng php th sau: nhy vi hydrogen peroxyd: un nng 1 g divanadi pentoxyd (TT) vi 10 ml acid sulfuric (TT) trong 30 pht, ngui, b sung acid sulfuric (TT) cho 10 ml. Pha long cn thn 1 ml dung dch trong thnh 50 ml bng nc. Ly 0,5 ml dung dch thu c, thm 0,1 ml dung dch hydrogen peroxyd 0,01%. Xut hin mu cam, thy r khi so snh vi mu trng gm 0,5 ml dung dch trn v 0,1 ml nc. Thm tip 0,4 ml dung dch hydrogen peroxyd 0,01%, mu chuyn sang vng cam. Dung dch divanadi pentoxyd trong acid sulfuric Ho tan 0,2 g divanadi pentoxyd (TT) trong 4 ml acid sulfuric (TT) v thm nc va 100 ml. rutheni H42Cl6N14O2Ru3.4H2O = 858 Dng loi phm mu siu mn. Bt mu nu. Tan trong nc. Dung dch rutheni Ha tan 0,08 g rutheni (TT) trong dung dch ch acetat 9,5% (TT) va 100 ml. ng acetat Cu (CH3COO)2. H2O = 199,65. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu lc thm. Tan trong nc v ethanol, t tan trong ether v glycerin. Dung dch ng edetat Ly 2 ml dung dch ng acetat 2%, thm 2 ml dung dch trilon B 0,1 M (C) v pha long vi nc thnh 50 ml. Dung dch ng acetat 5% Ho tan 5 g ng acetat (TT) trong nc acid ho bng vi mililit acid acetic long (TT) v thm nc va 100 ml. ng phi Cu = 63,54 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. ng sulfat CuSO4. 5H2O = 249,69 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch.

Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu xanh lam. Rt d tan trong nc, t tan trong ethanol. Dung dch ng sulfat 10% Ho tan 10 g ng sulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ng sulfat 5% Ho tan 5 g ng sulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ng sulfat 4% Ho tan 4 g ng sulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ng sulfat 0,5 M (12,5%) Ho tan 12,5 g ng sulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ng sulfat 0,01 M Ho tan 2,5 g ng sulfat (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch ng - citrat Ho tan 2,5 g ng sulfat (TT), 5 g acid citric (TT) v 14,4 g natri carbonat khan (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. ng sulfat khan CuSO4 = 159,6 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, hoc iu ch bng cch sy ng sulfat (TT) 230 OC n khi lng khng i. Ethan-1,2-diol Ethylen glycol HOCH2-CH2OH = 62,07 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng snh, khng mu. T trng 20 OC: 1,113 - 1,115. Ch s khc x 20 OC: 1,430 - 1,433. im si: Khong 196 OC. Dung dch ethan - 1,2 - diol 50% Ho tan 50g ethan-1,2-diol (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Ethanol Ethanol tuyt i C2H5OH = 46,07 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 99,5% (tt/tt) C2H5OH. Cht lng trong, khng mu, d ht nc, c mi c bit. im si: 78 79 OC. T trng 20 OC: 0,791- 0,794.

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Ethanol 96% C2H5OH = 46,07 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha 95,1% 96,9% (tt/tt) C2H5OH. Cht lng khng mu. Khi lng ring: Khong 0,81 g/ml. Ethanol 96% khng c aldehyd Trn 1200 ml ethanol 96% (TT) vi 5 ml dung dch bc nitrat 40% v 10 ml dung dch kali hydroxyd 50% lm lnh. Lc mnh, yn vi ngy v lc. Ct dch lc ngay trc khi s dng. Ether Ether ethylic; Diethylether C4H10O = 74,12 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, trong sut, d bt la, d bay hi, mi c bit. T trng 20 OC: 0,713 - 0,715. im si: 34 35 OC. Ch : Ch ct ether khi t php th sau: Peroxyd: Cho 8 ml dung dch h tinh bt c kali iodid (TT) vo ng nghim nt mi dung tch 12 ml, ng knh khong 1,5 cm, y ng nghim vi ether cn th. y nt, lc mnh v yn trnh nh sng trong 30 pht. Khng c c mu to thnh. Bo qun trnh nh sng, nhit khng qu 15 0 C. Trn nhn phi ghi tn v nng cht bo qun a vo. Ether khng c peroxyd Dung dch st (II) sulfat : Ho tan 30 g st (II) sulfat (TT) trong hn hp gm 55 ml nc v 3 ml acid sulfuric (TT). Lc 1000 ml ether (TT) vi 20 ml dung dch st (II) sulfat. Tip tc lc cho ti lc khng cn xut hin mu xanh lam, khi lc lng nh mu th vi ng th tch dung dch kali iodid 2% (TT) v 0,1 ml dung dch h tinh bt (TT). Ether du ho Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng trong, khng mu, d bay hi, rt d bt la, cha hn hp cc dy hydrocarbon parafin bc thp, chia thnh cc phn on sau: Khong si 30 40 oC; khi lng ring: Khong 0,63 g/ml

Khong si 40 60 oC; khi lng ring: Khong 0,64 g/ml Khong si 50 70 oC; khi lng ring: Khong 0,66 g/ml Khong si 60 80 oC; khi lng ring: Khong 0,67 g/ml Khong si 80 100 oC; khi lng ring: Khong 0,70 g/ml Khong si 100 120 oC; khi lng ring: Khong 0,72 g/ml Khong si 120 160 oC; khi lng ring: Khong 0,75 g/ml. p-Ethoxycrysoidin hydroclorid 4-p-Ethoxyphenylazo-m-phenylendiamin hydroclorid C14H16N4O. HCl = 292,8 Dng loi tinh thit ho hc. Bt mu . Tan trong nc v ethanol. Dung dch p-ethoxycrysoidin hydroclorid 0,1% trong ethanol Ha tan 0,1 g p-ethoxycrysoidin hydroclorid (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch phi t php th nhy vi brom: Thm 0,05 ml dung dch brom 0,1 N (TT) vo hn hp 0,05 ml dung dch p-ethoxycrysoidin hydroclorid 0,1% trong ethanol (TT) v 5 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 2 M (TT). Mu chuyn t sang vng nht trong vng 2 pht. Ethyl acetat CH3COOC2H5 = 88,11 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, mi thm hoa qu. Tan trong nc, ho ln vi ethanol. T trng 20 OC: 0,901 - 0,904. im si: 76 78 OC. Ethyl cyanoacetat C5H7NO2 = 113,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu hoc gn nh khng mu. Tan trong nc, ho ln c vi ethanol v ether. im si: 205 209 OC km phn hu. Ethylen clorid 1,2-Dicloroethan C2H4Cl2 = 98,96 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch.

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Cht lng khng mu, c mi ging mi cloroform. im si: Khong 83 OC. T trng 20 OC: Khong 1,25. Lng ct c trong khong 82 n 84 oC khng t hn 95%. Ethylen diamin 1,2-Diaminoethan C2H8N2 = 60, 10 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. im si: Khong 116 OC. Khi lng ring: Khong 0,90 g/ml. Ch s khc x 20 0C: Khong 1,457. Ethylen oxyd Oxiran C2H4O = 44,05 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Kh khng mu. im ho lng: Khong 12 OC. Dung dch gc ethylen oxyd (Dung dch m c ethylen oxyd) Ton b qu trnh pha ch phi c tin hnh trong t ht. Ngi pha ch phi mang gng tay polyethylen v mt n bo v thch hp. Bo qun cc dung dch trong bnh kn, nhit t 4 - 8 oC. Tin hnh nh lng 3 ln. Cho chm lung kh ethylen oxyd (TT) vo mt ng nghim kh, sch, c lm lnh cha hn hp gm 1 phn natri clorid (TT) v 3 phn nc nghin, to thnh lp ng c bm trn mt trong thnh ng nghim. Dng bm thy tinh c lm lnh 10 oC, tim khong 300 l (ng vi khong 0,25 g) ethylen oxyd (TT) lng vo 50 ml macrogol 200 (TT1). Xc nh lng ethylen oxyd hp th bng cch cn trc v sau khi cho hp th (Mco). Pha long thnh 100 ml vi macrogol 200 (TT1). Trn k trc khi dng. Xc nh nng chnh xc ca ethylen oxyd theo phng php sau: Ly 10 ml hn dch magnesi clorid (TT) 50% trong ethanol (TT) vo bnh nn nt mi, thm 20 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,1 N trong ethanol (TT), y np, lc mnh thu c dung dch bo ho v cn bng qua m. Cn 5 g dung dch cn nh lng vo bnh chun b trn, yn 30 pht. Chun bng dung dch

kali hydroxid 0,1 N trong ethanol (C), xc nh im tng ng bng phng php chun o in th (Ph lc10.2). Song song tin hnh mt mu trng, dng macrogol 200 (TT1) thay th cho dung dch cn nh lng. Nng ethylen oxyd (mg/g) trong dung dch c tnh bng cng thc: 4,404(VO V1) / m Trong : VO v V1 l s ml dung dch kali hydroxyd 0,1 N trong ethanol (C) dng cho mu trng v mu th. m l lng mu th cn nh lng (g). Dung dch ethylen oxyd (TT1) Cn chnh xc mt lng dung dch gc ethylen oxyd (TT) c lm lnh ng vi 2,5 mg ethylen oxyd vo mt bnh lnh, pha long thnh 50,0 g vi macrogol 200 (TT1). Trn k, pha long 2,5 g dung dch ny thnh 25 ml vi macrogol 200 (TT1) (5 g ethylen oxyd/g). Dung dch pha trc khi dng. Dung dch ethylen oxyd (TT2) Cn 1 g dung dch gc ethylen oxyd (TT) lnh (tng ng vi 2,5 mg ethylen oxyd) vo bnh lnh c cha 40 ml macrogol 200 (TT1) lnh. Trn, xc nh khi lng chnh xc v pha long thu c dung dch cha 50 g ethylen oxyd trong 1 g dung dch. Cn 10 g dung dch vo bnh cha khong 30 ml nc, trn v pha long thnh 50 ml vi nc (10 g ethylen oxyd /ml). Dung dch pha ch ngay trc khi dng. Dung dch ethylen oxyd (TT3) Pha long 10 ml dung dch ethylen oxyd (TT1) thnh 50 ml vi nc (2 g ethylen oxyd/ml). Dung dch pha ngay trc khi dng. Fibrin congo Ngm qua m 1,5 g fibrin trong 50 ml dung dch congo 2% (kl/tt) trong ethanol 90%. Lc, ra fibrin vi nc v bo qun trong ether (TT). 1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzen 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzen C6H3FN2O4 = 186,1. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng, cht rn hay tinh th mu vng nht vi hi lm cay mt. im chy: Khong 29 oC. 22

Khi lng ring: Khong 1,48/ml. Ch s khc x 20oC: Khong 1,569. Formaldehyd Formaldehyd; Dung dch formol; Formalin CH2O = 30,03 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha 34,0 n 37,0% CH2O. Cht lng trong, khng mu hay gn nh khng mu, mi hng c bit. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,08 g/ml. Bo qun trong l kn, nhit 15 25 OC. Dung dch formaldehyd trong acid sulfuric Ho tan 0,2 g formaldehyd (TT) trong 10 ml acid sulfuric (TT). Thuc th Stiasny Dung dch gm formaldehyd - acid hydrocloric m c (2 : 1), thuc th pha khi dng. Formamid CH3NO = 45,0. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng snh, khng mu. Ha trn c vi nc v ethanol. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,13. Fuchsin Fuchsin base Hn hp rosanilin hydroclorid (C20H19N3. HCl = 337,9) v para-rosanilin hydroclorid (C19H17N3. HCl = 323,8). Bt mu m hay tinh th xanh lc c nh kim. Tan trong nc v ethanol. Bo qun trnh nh sng. Dung dch fuchsin kh mu Ho tan 0,1 g fuchsin base (TT) trong 60 ml nc, thm 10 ml dung dch natri sulfit khan 10% (kl/tt). Thm t t 2 ml acid hydrocloric (TT), lc lin tc, pha long thnh 100 ml vi nc. yn trnh nh sng t nht 12 gi. Lc vi 0,2 g - 0,3 g than hot (TT) kh mu v lc ngay lp tc. Nu dung dch b c, lc trc khi s dng. Trong qu trnh bo qun, nu dung dch c mu mu tm, kh mu bng than hot (TT). Dung dch phi t php th nhy vi formaldehyd: Ly 1,0 ml dung dch, thm 1,0 ml nc v 0,1 ml ethanol khng c aldehyd (TT). Thm 0,2 ml dung dch formaldehyd 0,01%, phi xut hin mu hng nht trong vng 5 pht.

Bo qun trnh nh sng. Gelatin Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Gelatin thy phn Ha tan 50 g gelatin (TT) trong 1000 ml nc. Hp trong ni hp bo ha hi nc 121 OC trong 90 pht v lm ng kh. Thuc th gelatin - natri clorid ho tan 1 g gelatin (TT) v 10 g natri clorid (TT) trong 100 ml nc bng cch un nng trn cch thy nhit di 60 C. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Glycerin Propan-1,2,3 triol C3H8O3 = 92,10 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng snh, khng mu. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,26 g/ml. Glycerin 85% Glycerin (TT) c cha 12,0 - 16,0% (kl/kl) nc. Khi lng ring: 1,22 - 1,24 g/ml. Guanidin hydroclorid CH5N3. HCl = 95,5. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt tinh th trng. D tan trong nc v ethanol. Nhit nng chy: Khong178 - 189 oC. Haemoglobin Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Hm lng st: T 0,2 n 0,3%. Hm lng nitrogen: T 15 n 16%. Mt khi lng do lm kh: Khng qu 2%. Tro sulfat: Khng qu 1,5%. Dung dch haemoglobin Ho tan 2 g haemoglobin (TT) trong 75 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,03 M (TT), iu chnh pH ca dung dch ti 1,5 - 1,7 bng dung dch acid hydrocloric 1 M (TT), pha long thnh 100 ml vi dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,03 M (TT) v thm 25 mg thiomersal (TT). Dung dch pha trong ngy, bo qun nhit t 2 OC n 8 OC, chnh pH n 1,6 trc khi dng. Helidng cho sc k kh He = 4,003 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc ng ng dng cho phng th nghim c cha khng t hn 99,5% (v/v) He.

23

Heptan n-Heptan C7H16 = 100,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng khng mu, d chy. T trng 20 oC: 0,683 - 0,686. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,387 - 1,388. Hexamethyldisilazan C6H19NSi2= 161,4 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu. im si: Khong 125 C T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,78 Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,408. Bo qun trong cha kn. Hexamin (xem Urotropin) Hexan C6H14 = 86,2 Cht lng khng mu, d chy. T trng 20 oC: T 0,659 n 0,663. Ch s khc x 20 oC: T 1,375 - 1,376. Khng t hn 95% c ct 67 69 OC. Hexan dng cho phng php quang ph truyn quang: khng t hn 97% trong khong 260 - 420 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. n-Hexan C6H14 = 86,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 99% ng phn tinh khit. Cht lng khng mu, d chy. im si: Khong 68 OC. Khi lng ring: Khong 0,66 g/ml. Hexylamin C6H15N = 101,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng khng mu. im si: 127 131 OC. T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,766. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,418. Hydrazin sulfat N2H4. H2SO4 = 130,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu. D tan trong nc nng, t tan trong nuc v ethanol. Hydridantin

2,2-Dihydroxy-2,2-bi-indan-1,1,3,3-tetraon dihydrat C18H10O6.2H2O = 358,3. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: Khong 258 oC. Hydrogen peroxyd Nc oxy gi H2O2 =34,02 Dung dch hydrogen peroxyd 200 tt Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khong 60% kl/tt H2O2. Cht lng khng mu. Khi lng ring: Khong1,18 g/ml. Dung dch hydrogen peroxyd 100 tt (Dung dch hydrogen peroxyd m c) Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khong 30% kl/tt H2O2. Cht lng khng mu. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,10 g/ml. Dung dch hydrogen peroxyd 20 tt Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khong 6% kl/tt H2O2 hay pha long dung dch hydrogen peroxyd 100 tt (TT) vi 4 th tch nc. Cht lng khng mu. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,02 g/ml. Dung dch hydrogen peroxyd 10 tt (Dung dch hydrogen peroxyd long) Pha long dung dch hydrogen peroxyd 20 tt (TT) vi ng th th tch nc. Hydrogen sulfid H2S =34,08 Dng loi cho phng th nghim, hay iu ch bng cch cho st sulfid tc dng vi acid hydrocloric (TT) pha long gp i vi nc v ra kh thu c bng cch cho chy qua nc. Kh c, khng mu, c mi c trng, kh chu. Hydrogen sulfid cha khng t hn 99,7% (tt/tt) H2S. Dung dch hydrogen sulfid Dung dch bo ho kh hydrogen sulfid trong nc mi iu ch. Dung dch ny cha khong 0,45% (kl/tt) H2S 20 oC. Bo qun trong ng kn, trnh nh sng. Dung dch khng bo qun c lu. Hydroquinon

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Quinol; Benzen-1,4-diol C6H6O2 = 110,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th khng mu hay gn nh khng mu, b sm mu khi tip xc vi khng kh v nh sng. Tan trong nc, ethanol v ether. im chy: Khong 173 OC. Dung dch hydroquinon 1% trong ethanol Ha tan 1,0 g hydroquinon (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml. Hydroxylamin hydroclorid NH2OH. HCl = 69,49 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh trng. Rt d tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol. Dung dch hydroxylamin hydroclorid 20% Ho tan 20 g hydroxylamin hydroclorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch hydroxylamin hydroclorid 25% Ho tan 25 g hydroxylamin hydroclorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch hydroxylamin hydroclorid 0,5 N Ho tan 6,95 g hydroxylamin hydroclorid (TT) trong nc va 200 ml. Dung dch hydroxylamin hydroclorid 7% Ho tan 7 g hydroxylamin hydroclorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch hydroxylamin hydroclorid 0,5% Ho tan 0,5 g hydroxylamin hydroclorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch hydroxylamin hydroclorid trong ethanol Ho tan 3,5 g hydroxylamin hydroclorid (TT) trong 95 ml ethanol 60%, thm 0,5 ml dung dch methyl da cam 0,2% trong ethanol 60% (TT) v thm dung dch kali hydroxyd 0,5 N trong ethanol 60% (C) n khi xut hin mu vng hon ton, pha long thnh 100 ml vi ethanol 60%. Dung dch hydroxylamin trong kim Trc khi dng, trn u ng th tch dung dch hydroxylamin hydroclorid 13,9% vi dung dch natri hydroxyd 15% (TT). Dung dch hydroxylamin hydroclorid (TT) Ho tan 3,5 g hydroxylamin hydroclorid (TT) trong ethanol 60% va 100 ml. Hydroxyquinolin

8-Hydroxyquinolin; Quinolin-8-ol C9H7NO = 145,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh trng hay trng ng, c mi phenol, d b sm mu khi tip xc vi nh sng. Rt d tan trong ethanol, aceton, cloroform v acid v c, hu nh khng tan trong nc. im chy: Khong 74 OC. Dung dch hydroxyquinolin 0,5% trong cloroform Ho tan 0,5 g hydroxyquinolin (TT) trong cloroform (TT) va 100 ml. Ch pha trc khi dng. Imidazol Glyoxalin C3H4N2 = 68,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt kt tinh trng. D tan trong nc. im chy: Khong 90 oC. Imidazol kt tinh li Ly 25 g imidazol (TT), kt tinh li 2 ln vi 100 ml toluen (TT), lm lnh trong nc , khuy lin tc, ra vi ether (TT), lm kh trn silica gel khan, nhit phng v p sut 2 kPa. Phi p ng yu cu sau: hp th nh sng: hp th ca dung dch 8% (kl/tt) 325 nm khng qu 0,10 (Ph lc 4.1). Iod I2 = 253,8 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu en ta c nh kim loi. Tan trong ethanol, ether v trong dung dch kali iodid, tan rt t trong nc. Dung dch iod - iodid (Thuc th Bouchardat) Ho tan 2 g iod (TT) v 4 g kali iodid (TT) trong 10 ml nc, lc, yn cho tan, ri thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch iod 5% trong ethanol Ho tan 5 g iod (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml. Iod bromid IBr = 206,8 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu en nu hay en lam. im chy: khong 40 0C. im si: khong 116 0C.

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Bo qun ni lnh, trnh nh sng. Dung dch iod bromid Ho tan 2 g iod bromid (TT) trong acid acetic bng (TT) va 100 ml. Iod pentoxyd Iod pentoxyd kt tinh li I2O5 = 333,8. Dng loi tinh khit ho hc c kt tinh li theo phng php sau: un dung dch bo ho iod pentoxyd trong acid nitric (TT) trong 1 gi, ri yn trong 24 gi. Loi b cht lng pha trn, lm kh cc tinh th thu c ban u bng lung khng kh nhit phng, sau sy trn phospho pentoxyd (TT) p sut khng qu 5,2 mmHg (0,7 kPa). Bt kt tinh mu trng, d ht m, cha khng t hn 99,5% I2O5. nh lng: Ho tan 0,1 g ch phm trong 50 ml nc, thm 3,0 g kali iodid (TT) v 10 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 2 M (TT). nh lng iod gii phng bng dung dch natri thiosulfat 0,1 M (C), dng 1 ml dung dch h tinh bt (TT) lm ch th. 1 ml dung dch natri thiosulfat 0,1 M tng ng vi 2,782 mg I2O5. Bo qun trong bao b kn, trnh nh sng. Iod triclorid ICl3 = 233,3 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu cam . Dung dch iod monoclorid Dung dch A: Ho tan 0,8 g iod triclorid (TT) trong 20 ml acid acetic bng (TT). Dung dch B: Ho tan 0,9 g iod (TT) trong 30ml dicloromethan (TT). Trn dung dch A v dung dch B, pha long vi acid acetic bng (TT) va 100 ml. Isopropanol Propan-2-ol C3H8O = 60,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, c mi c bit. Ho tan trong nc v ethanol. T trng 20 OC: Khong 0,785. im si: 81 83 OC. Isopropanol (TT1)

Propan -2-ol (TT1) Propan-2-ol tho mn cc yu cu sau: Ch s khc x: Khong 1,378. truyn quang: Khng nh hn 25% 210 nm, 55% 220 nm, 75% 230 nm, 95% 250 nm v 98% 260 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. Nc: Khng qu 0,05% (kl/kl) (Ph lc 10.3), dng 10 g. Kali acetat C2H3O2K = 98.1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt hay tinh th mu trng, d ht m. D tan trong nc v ethanol. Kali antimonat (V) Kali pyroantimonat KSbO3.3H2O = 262,9 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch kali antimonat (V) Ho tan 2 g kali antimonat (TT) trong 95 ml nc nng, lm ngui nhanh, thm 50 ml dung dch kali hydroxyd 50% (TT) v 1 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 2 N (TT). yn trong 24 gi, lc v pha long vi nc thnh 150 ml. Kali biphtalat Kali hydrophtalat C8H5O4K = 204,23 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th trng. Tan trong nc, t tan trong ethanol. Kali bromat KBrO3 = 167,01 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt cm hay tinh th mu trng, tan trong nc, t tan trong ethanol. Kali bromid KBr = 119,01 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Kali bromid tinh khit IR Vin nn dy 2 mm, c lm t kali bromid (TT) mi sy kh 250 OC trong 1 gi, phi cho ng nn phng trong khong t 4000 n 620 cm -1, khng c c cc i vi hp th ln hn 0,02 so vi ng nn, tr cc i ca nc 3440 v 1630 cm-1. Dung dch kali bromid 10%

26

Ho tan 10 g kali bromid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch kali bromid 0,0015% Ho tan 0,15 g kali bromid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Ly 1 ml dung dch ny pha long vi nc thnh 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng Kali carbonat K2CO3. 1,5H2O = 165,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Tinh th hay cm mu trng. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Kali carbonat khan K2CO3 = 138,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt cm mu trng, d ht m. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Kali clorat Mui Berthollet KClO3 = 122,55 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt, cm hay tinh th mu trng. Rt d tan trong nc si, tan trong nc, hu nh khng tan trong ethanol. Kali clorid KCl = 74,55 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch kali clorid 10% Ho tan 10 g kali clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Kali cromat K2CrO4 = 194,20 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu vng. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch kali cromat 5% Ho tan 5 g kali cromat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Kali cyanid KCN = 65,12 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, t tan trong ethanol. Dung dch kali cyanid 10% Ho tan 10 g kali cyanid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml.

Kali dicromat K2Cr2O7 = 294,20 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu da cam. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch kali dicromat 5% Ho tan 5 g kali dicromat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch kali dicromat 10,6% Ho tan 10,6 g kali dicromat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Kali dihydrophosphat KH2PO4 = 136,09 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Kali fericyanid K3Fe(CN)6 = 329,26 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu . D tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch kali fericyanid 5% Ho tan 5 g kali fericyanid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch kali fericyanid 10% Ho tan 10 g kali fericyanid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch kali fericyanid 1% Ho tan 1 g kali fericyanid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Pha trc khi dng. Dung dch kali fericyanid long Thm 0,5 ml dung dch st (III) clorid 5% (TT) v 40 ml nc vo 10 ml dung dch kali fericyanid 1% (TT), lc u. Pha trc khi dng. Kali ferocyanid K4Fe(CN)6. 3H2O = 422,41 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th trong, mu vng. D tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch kali ferocyanid Ho tan 5,3 g kali ferocyanid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch kali ferocyanid 10%

27

Ho tan 10 g kali ferocyanid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Kali hydrocarbonat Kali bicarbonat KHCO3 = 100,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu trong sut. D tan trong nc, thc t khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch bo ho kali hydrocarbonat trong methanol Ho tan 0,1 g kali hydrocarbonat (TT) trong 0,4 ml nc bng cch un nng trn cch thu. Thm 25 ml methanol v khuy, trn cch thu cho n khi tan hon ton. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Kali hydrosulfat Kali bisulfat KHSO4 = 136,17 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu, trong sut. D tan trong nc, cho dung dch c tnh acid mnh. Kali hydroxyd KOH = 56,11 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 85,0% lng kim tnh theo KOH v khng qu 2,0% K2CO3. Ht, que hay phin mu trng, d chy nc. Dung dch kali hydroxyd 30% Ho tan 300 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong nc, ngui, thm nc va 1000 ml. lng v gn ly phn nc trong. Dung dch kali hydroxyd 5% Ho tan 50 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch kali hydroxyd 0,5 N Ho tan 34 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT) va 1000 ml. Dung dch kali hydroxyd 3% Ho tan 3g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch kali hydroxyd 1% trong ethanol Ho tan 10 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 1000 ml. Dung dch kali hydroxyd 2 M trong ethanol Ha tan 12 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong 10 ml nc, thm ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml.

Dung dch kali hydroxyd 1,5 M trong ethanol Ho tan 84 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 1000 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch kali hydroxyd 0,5 M trong ethanol Ha tan 28 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 1000 ml. Dung dch kali hydroxyd 0,1 M trong ethanol Ho tan 5,6 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 1000 ml. Dung dch kali hydroxyd trong ethanol (TT) Ho tan 3 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong 5 ml nc v pha long thnh 100 ml bng ethanol khng c aldehyd (TT). Gn ly dung dch trong, dung dch gn nh khng mu. Pha long 1 th tch dung dch ny vi 5 th tch ethanol khng c aldehyd (TT). Dung dch kali hydroxyd 0,1 M trong methanol Ho tan 5,6 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong methanol (TT) va 1000 ml Dung dch kali hydroxyd 10% trong methanol Ho tan 100 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong methanol (TT) va 1000 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch kali hydroxyd 3% trong methanol Ho tan 3 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong methanol (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Kali iodat KIO3 = 214,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu trng. Tan trong nc v acid sulfuric long, khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch kali iodat 5% Ho tan 5 g kali iodat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Kali iodid KI = 166,01 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch bo ha kali iodid Dung dch bo ha kali iodid trong nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), c cha mt vi tinh th khng tan. Bo qun trnh nh sng v gn b nu khng p ng php th sau:

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Thm 0,1 ml dung dch h tinh bt (TT) vo 0,5 ml thuc th trong 30 ml hn hp gm 3 th tch dung dch acid acetic 6 M (TT) v 2 th tch cloroform (TT). Nu xut hin mu xanh lam, mu phi mt khi cho thm khng qu 0,05 ml dung dch natri thiosulfat 0,1 M (C). Dung dch kali iodid 50% Ho tan 50 g kali iodid (TT) trong nc mi un si ngui va 100 ml. Dung dch khng c c mu. Dung dch kali iodid Ho tan 16,6 g kali iodid (TT) trong nc mi un si ngui va 100 ml. Dung dch khng c c mu. Dung dch kali iodid 10% (Dung dch kali iodid long) Ho tan 10 g kali iodid (TT) trong nc mi un si ngui va 100 ml. Dung dch khng c c mu. Dung dch kali iodid 2% Ho tan 2 g kali iodid (TT) trong nc mi un si ngui va 100 ml. Dung dch khng c c mu. Dung dch kali iodid - h tinh bt Ho tan 0,75 g kali iodid (TT) trong 100 ml nc, un si. Thm 35 ml dung dch cha 0,5 g h tinh bt (TT), khuy lin tc. un si 2 pht v ngui. nhy vi iod: Ly 15 ml thuc th, thm 0,05 ml acid acetic bng (TT) v 0,3 ml dung dch iod 0,0005 M, phi xut hin mu xanh lam. Dung dch kali tetraiodomercurat kim Ho tan 11 g kali iodid (TT) v 15 g thu ngn (II) iodid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Trc khi dng, trn u ng th tch dung dch trn vi dung dch natri hydroxyd 25% (TT). Kali periodat Kali meta-periodat KIO4 = 230,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu trng hay tinh th khng mu. Tan trong nc nng, tan t trong nc. Dung dch kali periodat 0,1% Ho tan 1 g kali periodat (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Kali permanganat

KMnO4 = 158,04 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch kali permanganat 5% Ho tan 5 g kali permanganat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch kali permanganat trong acid phosphoric Ho tan 3 g kali permanganat (TT) trong hn hp 15 ml acid phosphoric (TT) v 70 ml nc, thm nc va 100 ml. Kali sulfat Dikali sulfat K2SO4 = 174,27 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch kali sulfat 0,001 M Ho tan 0,174 g kali sulfat (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Kali sulfocyanid Kali thiocyanat KSCN = 97,18 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu, d chy nc.Tan trong nc v ethanol. Dung dch kali sulfocyanid 10% Ho tan 10 g kali sulfocyanid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Km Zn = 65,37. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng c t hn 99,5% Zn. Ht hay cm mu trng bc. Tan trong acid long km gii phng kh hydrogen. Phi p ng php th sau: Arsen. Khng qu 0,2 phn triu (Ph lc 9.4.2). Ly 5,0 g, thm 15 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric (TT), 0,1 ml dung dch thic (II) clorid AsT (TT) v 25 ml nc. Tin hnh theo phng php A. Km bt Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng c t hn 90,0% Zn. Bt mn, xanh xm nht. Tan trong acid long km gii phng kh hydrogen. Km clorid ZnCl2 = 136,3

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Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt cm mu trng hay gn nh trng. Rt d tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol. Km khng c arsen Ngm mt lng km (TT) trong dung dch acid cloroplatinic 0,005%. yn 10 pht, ra vi nc, gn kit v lm kh ngay lp tc. Phi p ng cc php th sau: Arsen (Ph lc 9.4.2): Ly 5,0 g, thm 15 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric (TT), 0,1 ml dung dch thic (II) clorid AsT (TT) v 25 ml nc. Tin hnh theo phng php A. Khng c c vt mu trn giy tm thu ngn (II) bromid (TT). nhy: Lp li php th arsen nh m t trn, nhng thm 1 ml dung dch arsen mu 1 phn triu As (TT). Phi xut hin vt mu thy r trn giy tm thu ngn (II) bromid (TT). Km sulfat ZnSO4. 7H2O = 287,5 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Kieselguhr Dng loi tinh khit ho bng acid. Kieselguhr G Kieselguhr (TT) c x l vi acid hydrocloric v nung, kch thc ht trung bnh 10 40 m, cha khong 15% calci sulfat hemihydrat. Phi p ng php th sau: Phn tch sc k: Phng php sc k lp mng (Ph lc 5.4). Bn mng: Ch t kieselguhr trong dung dch natri acetat 0,27%. Dung mi khai trin: Ethyl acetat propan-2-ol nc (65 : 23 : 12). Cch tin hnh: Chm 5 l dung dch cha 0,01% (kl/tt) lactose, ng trng, D-glucose v Dfructose trong pyridin (TT). Trin khai bn mng cho n khi dung mi i c 14 cm (thi gian trin khai khong 40 pht). Ly bn mng ra, kh ngoi khng kh v phun 10 ml dung dch anisaldehyd (TT). Sy 5 10 pht 100 105 oC. Trn sc k thu c phi c 4 vt, tch nhau r rng. Lanthan nitrat La(NO3)3.6H2O = 433,0

Dng loi tinh khit s dng cho quang ph hp th nguyn t. Tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, ethanol v aceton. Dung dch lanthan nitrat 5% Ho tan 5 g lanthan nitrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Lithi Li = 6,9 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Kim loi mm, b mt mi ct c mu xm bc. Phn ng rt mnh vi nc. Trc khi s dng, ra sch du parafin bo qun vi toluen (TT). Bo qun trong ether du ho nh hay parafin lng. Lithi clorid LiCl = 42,4 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bo qun trong cha kn. Lithi sulfat LiSO4. H2O = 128,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Lu hunh (Lu hunh kt ta) S = 32,06 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt xp, mu vng xm nht hay vng lc nht. Dung dch lu hunh kt ta 1% trong carbon disulfid Ho tan 1 g lu hunh (TT) trong carbon disulfid (TT) va 100 ml. Macrogol 200 Polyethylen glycol 200 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng nht. T trng 20 oC : Khong 1,127. Ch s khc x : Khong 1,450. Macrogol 200 (TT1) Polyethylen glycol 200 (TT1) Cho 500 ml polyethylen glycol 200 (TT) vo bnh cu dung tch 1000 ml. Ct quay 60 oC, vi p sut 1,5 n 2,5 kPa, trong 6 gi loi cc thnh phn bay hi. Magnesi Mg = 24,31 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc.

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Bt mu xm hoc v bo mu trng bc. Magnesi acetat C4H6MgO4. 4H2O = 214,5 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu, d chy nc. D tan trong nc v ethanol. Dung dch magnesi uranyl acetat Ho tan bng cch un nng trn cch thu 3,2 g uranyl acetat (TT), 10 g magnesi acetat (TT), 2 ml acid acetic bng (TT) v khong 30 ml nc. ngui. Thm 50 ml ethanol (TT) v nc va 100 ml. yn 24 gi, lc. Magnesi clorid MgCl2. 6H2O = 203,3 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Magnesi nitrat Mg(NO3)2.6H2O = 256,4 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu trng, d ht m. Tan trong nc, ethanol v amoniac. Magnesi oxyd Magnesi oxyd nh MgO = 40,31 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Magnesi oxyd nng Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Magnesi sulfat MgSO4. 7H2O = 246,8 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch magnesi sulfat 25% Ho tan 25 g magnesi sulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch magnesi sulfat 12% Ho tan 12 g magnesi sulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch magnesi sulfat 5% Ho tan 5 g magnesi sulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Mangan sulfat MnSO4. H2O = 169,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th hay bt tinh th mu hng nht. D tan trong nc, thc t khng tan trong ethanol 96%. Phi p ng php th sau: Mt khi lng do nung: 10,0 n 12,0%. Xc nh trn 1,000 g 500 OC.

Giy tm mangan bc Ngm cc di giy lc trong dung dch cha 0,85% mangan sulfat (TT) v 0,85% bc nitrat (TT), vi pht. Lm kh giy tm trn phosphor pentoxyd (TT), trnh hi acid v kim. (-) Menthol (-)-p-Menthan-3-ol C10H20O = 156,3 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh trng, mi thm bc h. im chy: Khong 44 OC. Nng sut quay cc 200C: Khong -50O, dng dung dch 5% (kl/tt) trong ethanol (TT). ( ) Menthol ()-p- Menthan-3-ol C10H20O = 156,3 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. im chy: Khong 34 OC. Methanol Alcol methylic CH3OH = 32,04 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng trong, khng mu, d bt la. Trn ln vi nc v ethanol. T trng 20 OC: 0,791 - 0,793 im si: 64 65 OC. Methanol khan Dng cho phng php Karl Fischer v cc phng php chun mi trng khan. Hm lng nc khng c qu 0,03% (kl/tt) (Ph lc 10.3). C th iu ch bng phng php sau: X l 1000 ml methanol (TT) vi 5 g magnesi (TT). Nu cn, khi mo phn ng vi 0,1 ml dung dch thu ngn (II) diclorid 5% (TT). Khi bt kh bay ht, ct v thu dch ct vo bnh kh, trnh m. Methanol dng cho phng php quang ph Phi c truyn quang ti thiu l 20% 210 nm, 50% 220 nm, 75% 230 nm, 95% 250 nm v 98% 260 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. Methyl acetat C3H6O2= 74,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,933. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,361.

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im si: 56 C n 58 C. Methyl decanoat Methyl caprat C11H22O2 = 186,3 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu hay mu vng. T trng 20 oC: 0,871 n 0,876. Ch s khc x 20 oC: 1,425 1,426. Phi p ng php th sau: Tp cht lin quan: Tin hnh bng phng php sc k kh (Ph lc 5.2). Dng cc dung dch sau: Dung dch (1): Dung dch ch phm 0,002% (kl/tt) trong carbon disulfid (TT). Dung dch (2): Dung dch ch phm 0,2% (kl/tt) trong carbon disulfid (TT). Dung dch (3): Carbon disulfid (TT). iu kin sc k: Ct thy tinh (1,5 m 4 mm) nhi diatomaceous silan ha (nh Diatomit CQ l thch hp) (100 n 120 mesh) c bao bng cao su (methyl) gum silicon 10% (kl/kl) (nh SE-30 l thch hp). Duy tr nhit ct 150 C v s dng tin ct cha bng thy tinh silan ha. Tng din tch cc pic ph trong sc k thu c ca dung dch (2) khng c ln hn din tch pic chnh trong sc k thu c ca dung dch (1). 4-Methylaminophenol sulphat Metol (C7H9NO)2.H2SO4= 344,4 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: Khong 260 C. 4-Methylpentan-2-on Methyl isobutyl ceton (CH3)2CH.CH2.CO.CH3 = 100,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu. im si: Khong 115 OC. T trng 20 0C: Khong 0,80. Mui natri ca acid cromotropic Dinatri 4,5-dihydroxynaphthalen-2,7-disulfonat dihydrat C10H6Na2O8S2.2H2O = 400,3 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc

Bt mu trng vng. Tan trong nc, thc t khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch acid cromotropic Ho tan 5 mg mui natri ca acid cromotropic (TT) trong 10 ml hn hp gm 9 ml acid sulfuric (TT) v 4 ml nc. Phi p ng php th sau: nhy vi formaldehyd: Thm 5 ml dung dch formaldehyd (TT) c nng 1 g/ml vo 13 ml dung dch, un nng trong cch thu 30 pht. Mu tm xut hin, so snh vi mu trng x l tng t, dng nc thay cho dung dch formaldehyd. Naphtalen C10H8 = 128,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Tinh th trng. im chy: Khong 81 OC. 1-Naphthylamin Naphthylamin; 1-Aminonaphthalen C10H9N = 143,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Tinh th gn nh khng mu hay bt kt tinh mu trng. im chy: Khong 51C. Bo qun tranh nh sng. Dung dch naphthylamin 0,001% Ho tan 1 mg naphthylamin (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylendiamin dihydroclorid C12H14N2. 2HCl = 259,2. Dng loi tinh khit ho hc, c th cha methanol lc kt tinh Bt trng hay mu kem. im chy: khng thp hn 188 OC. Dung dch N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylendiamin dihydroclorid 0,5% Ho tan 0,5 g N-(1-Naphthyl)-ethylendiamin dihydroclorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. 1-Naphtol -Naphtol C10H8O = 144,17 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu, c mi phenol. D tan trong ethanol, cloroform v ether, t tan trong nc. im chy: Khong 95 OC.

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Dung dch 1-naphtol Ho tan 0,1 g 1-naphtol (TT) trong 3 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 15% (TT) v pha long thnh 100 ml vi nc. Ch pha trc khi dng. 2-Naphtol -Naphtol C10H7OH = 144,17 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh trng hay hng nht. Kh tan trong nc, d tan trong ethanol, ether v dung dch natri hydroxyd. im chy: Khong 122 OC. Dung dch 2-naphtol trong kim Ho tan 0,20 g 2-naphtol (TT) trong 2 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 10% (TT) v pha long thnh 100 ml vi nc. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Natri Na = 23,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Kim loi mm mu xm bc. Phn ng rt mnh vi nc. Bo qun trong ether du ho nh hay parafin lng. Natri acetat CH3COONa. 3H2O = 136,08 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th trong, khng mu, chy nc ngoi khng kh. Rt d tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol. Dung dch natri acetat 40% Ho tan 40 g natri acetat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch khng bo qun c lu. Dung dch natri acetat 20% Ho tan 20 g natri acetat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch khng bo qun c lu. Natri azid NaN3 = 65,01 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc, cha khng di 98,5 % NaN3. Bt trng. Ch : Natri azid l mt cht c mnh. Khi thc nghim vi natri azid phi tin hnh trong t ht c thng hi tt, eo gng tay bo v.

Natri benzoat C7H5NaO2 = 144,11 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Natri bismuthat NaBiO3 = 280,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 85% NaBiO3 Bt mu vng ti nu vng, phn hu chm khi gp m hoc nhit cao. Natri butansulfonat Natri 1-butansulfonat Na4H9NaO3S = 160,2 Dng loi tinh khit sc k. Natri carbonat khan Na2CO3 = 106,00 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt mu trng, d ht m. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Khi lng mt i khng c qu 1% khi nung 300 OC. Dung dch natri carbonat bo ho Ho tan natri carbonat khan (TT) trong nc n bo ho, lc. Dung dch natri carbonat 30% Ho tan 30 g natri carbonat khan (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri carbonat 20% Ho tan 20 g natri carbonat khan (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri carbonat 10% Ho tan 10 g natri carbonat khan (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri carbonat 5% Ho tan 5 g natri carbonat khan (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Natri citrat C6H5Na3O7. 2H2O = 294,10 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Natri clorid NaCl = 58,44 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch natri clorid bo ho Ho tan 400 g natri clorid (TT) trong 1000 ml nc v yn 24 gi, thnh thong lc. Lc. Dung dch natri clorid 10%

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Ho tan 10 g natri clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri clorid 1% Ho tan 1 g natri clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri clorid ng trng Ho tan 9,0 g natri clorid (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Lc v tit khun. Dung dch natri clorid 2 M Ha tan 11,688 g natri clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri clorid - gelatin Ha tan 1 g gelatin (TT) v 10 g natri clorid (TT) trong 100 ml nc bng cch un nng trn cch thy nhit di 60 OC. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Natri cobaltinitrit Na3[Co(NO2)6] = 403,9 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt mu vng cam. D tan trong nc, kh tan trong ethanol. Dung dch natri cobaltinitrit 10% Ho tan 10 g natri cobaltinitrit (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Natri dihydrophosphat NaH2PO4. 2H2O = 156,01. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th trng hay khng mu. D tan trong nc, hu nh khng tan trong ethanol. Natri dihydrophosphat khan Natri dihydro orthophosphat khan NaH2PO4 = 120,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Natri dithionit Na2S2O4 = 174. Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh mu trng hay trng xm. Bo qun trong ng kn. Natri fluorid NaF = 41,99 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th hay bt mu trng. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol.

Dung dch natri fluorid 2,5% Ho tan 2,5 g natri fluorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Natri heptansulfonat C7H15NaO3S = 202,3 Dng loi tinh khit sc k, cha khng t hn 96,0% C7H15NaO3S. Khi tinh th trng hay gn nh trng. D tan trong nc, tan trong methanol. Natri hydrocarbonat Natri bicarbonat NaHCO3 = 84,01 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch natri bicarbonat 5% Ho tan 5 g natri bicarbonat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri hydrocarbonat 4,2% Ha tan 4,2 g natri hydrocarbonat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch bo ho natri hydrocarbonat Ho tan 15 g natri hydrocarbonat (TT) trong 100 ml nc, yn 24 gi, thnh thong lc. Lc, s dng dch lc. Natri hydrosulfat Natri bisulfat NaHSO4. H2O = 120,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: Khong 315 0C. Natri hydroxyd NaOH = 40,00 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 97% lng kim ton phn tnh theo NaOH v khng qu 2,0% Na2CO3. Phin hay ht mu trng, d ht m. D tan trong nc v ethanol. Dung dch natri hydroxyd 40% (Dung dch natri hydroxyd 10 M) Ho tan 400 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc, ngui, pha long thnh 1000 ml vi nc. lng v gn ly phn trong. Dung dch natri hydroxyd 30% Ho tan 300 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc, ngui, pha long thnh 1000 ml vi nc. lng v gn ly phn trong. Dung dch natri hydroxyd 20% (Dung dch natri hydroxyd 5 M)

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Ho tan 200 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc, ngui, pha long thnh 1000 ml vi nc. lng v gn ly phn trong. Dung dch natri hydroxyd 15% Ho tan 150 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc, ngui, pha long thnh 1000 ml vi nc. lng v gn ly phn trong. Dung dch natri hydroxyd 10% Ho tan 100 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc, ngui, pha long thnh 1000 ml vi nc. lng v gn ly phn trong. Dung dch natri hydroxyd 1 M Ho tan 40 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri hydroxyd 2 M Ho tan 80 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc va 1000 ml. Dung dch natri hydroxyd long Ho tan 8,5 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri hydroxyd 5% Ho tan 5 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri hydroxyd 2% Ho tan 2 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Natri hypobromid (dung dch) Trn 20 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 10 M (TT) vi 500 ml nc, lnh trong nc . Thm 5 ml dung dch brom (TT), khuy nh n khi thu c dung dch trong. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Natri hypoclorid (dung dch) Dng loi tinh khit ho hc, cha t 10 n 14% Cl. Dung dch natri hypoclorit (3% Cl) (Dung dch natri hypoclorit mnh) Pha long dung dch natri hypoclorit (TT) vi nc thu c dung dch cha t 2,5 n 3% Cl. nh lng: Cho ln lt vo bnh nn 50 ml nc, 1 g kali iodid (TT) v 12,5 ml dung dch acid acetic 2 M (TT). Pha long 10,0 ml thuc th cn nh lng thnh 100 ml vi nc. Ly 10,0 ml dung dch thu c vo bnh nn chun b trn v chun bng dung dch natri thiosulfat

0,1 N (C), dng 1 ml dung dch h tinh bt (TT) lm ch th. 1 ml dung dch natri thiosulfat 0,1 N (C) tng ng vi 3,546 mg Cl. Bo qun trnh nh sng. Natri hypophosphit Natri phosphinat monohydrat NaH2PO2. H2O = 106,0 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh mu trng hay tinh th khng mu, d ht m. D tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol. Dung dch hypophosphit (Thuc th Til) Ho tan 20 g natri hypophosphit (TT) trong 40 ml nc. dung dch thu c vo 180 ml acid hydrocloric m c (TT) v yn 24 gi. Khi cc tinh th natri clorid hnh thnh lng cn, gn ly phn nc. Dung dch khng c c mu. Natri kali tartrat Mui Seignette C4H4O6NaK. 4H2O = 282,23 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th hnh lng tr khng mu. Rt d tan trong nc. Dung dch natri kali tartrat 5% Ho tan 5 g natri kali tartrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Natri kim loi Xem natri. Natri lauryl sulfat Natri dodecyl sulfat C12H25NaO4S = 288,4 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 99,0% C12H25NaO4S. Bt hay tinh th mu trng n trng ng. D tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol nng. Natri metabisulfit Natri pyrosulfit Na2S2O5 = 190,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 95,0% Na2S2O5. Natri nitrit NaNO2 = 69,00 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng c t hn 97,0% NaNO2.

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Cm hay tinh th mu trng ng n trng. Tan trong nc, tan t trong ethanol v ether. Dung dch natri nitrit 10% Ho tan 10 g natri nitrit (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri nitrit 5% Ho tan 5 g natri nitrit (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri nitrit 1% Ho tan 1 g natri nitrit (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Natri nitroprusiat Natri nitroprussid Na2[Fe(CN)5(NO)]. 2H2O = 297,95. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt hay tinh th mu nu . D tan trong nc, kh tan trong ethanol. Dung dch natri nitroprusiat 1% Ho tan 1 g natri nitroprusiat (TT) trong nc v thm nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri nitroprusiat 0,5% Ho tan 0,5 g natri nitroprusiat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri nitroprusiat 2% Ho tan 2 g natri nitroprusiat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri nitroprusiat 5% Ho tan 5 g natri nitroprusiat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch natri nitroprusiat 10% Ho tan 10 g natri nitroprusiat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Natri molybdat Na2MoO4. 2H2O = 242,0 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt tinh th mu trng, mt nc kt tinh 100 o C. Tan trong nc. Natri octansulfonat Mui natri ca acid octansulfonic Na8H17NaO3S = 216,3 Dng loi tinh khit sc k, cha khng t hn 98% Na8H17NaO3S. Natri pentansulfonat Natri 1-pentansulfonat C5H11NaO3S = 174,2 Dng loi tinh khit sc k.

Tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc. Natri perclorat NaClO4. H2O = 140,5 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc, cha khng di 99,0% NaClO4. H2O. D chy nc. Natri periodat Natri metaperiodat NaIO4 = 213,9 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 99,0% NaIO4. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, trong cc acid v c v acid acetic. Dung dch natri periodat 2,14% Ho tan 2,14 g natri metaperiodat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Natri phosphat, tribasic Trinatri orthophosphat; Trinatri phosphat dodecahydrat Na3PO4. 12H2O = 380,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Natri pyrophosphat Na4P2O7. 10H2O = 446,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th khng mu, hi thng hoa. D tan trong nc. Natri sulfat Na2SO4. 10H2O = 322,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch natri sulfat 10% Ho tan 10 g natri sulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Natri sulfat khan NaSO4 = 142,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu trng, d ht m. Tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Mt khi lng khi sy kh 130 0C khng c qu 0,5%. Natri sulfid Na2S. 9H2O = 240,19. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu trng, d chy nc. Rt d tan trong nc, tan t trong ethanol b vng trong qu trnh bo qun. Dung dch natri sulfid 2%

36

Ho tan 2 g natri sulfid (TT) trong nc, thm 2 - 3 git glycerin (TT) v pha long thnh 100 ml vi nc. Dung dch natri sulfid Ho tan bng cch lm nng 12 g natri sulfid (TT) trong 45 ml hn hp gm 10 th tch nc v 29 th tch glycerin 85% (TT), ngui v pha long thnh 100 ml vi cng hn hp dung mi. Dung dch phi khng mu. Dung dch natri sulfid (TT1) Ho tan 5 g natri sulfid (TT) trong hn hp 10 ml nc v 30 ml glycerin (TT). Hoc ho tan 5 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong hn hp 30 ml nc v 90 ml glycerin (TT), bo ho 1/2 th tch dung dch thu c bng hydrogen sulfid (TT), ngui, ri trn vi 1/2 th tch cn li. Natri sulfit Na2SO3. 7H2O = 252,15. Dng loi tinh khit ho hc, cha khng t hn 95,0% Na2SO3. 7H2O. Tinh th trng trong. Tan trong nc, tan rt t trong ethanol. Dung dch natri sulfit 40% Ho tan 40 g natri sulfit (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch natri sulfit 20% Ho tan 20 g natri sulfit (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Natri (+) -tartrat C4H4O6Na2. 2H2O = 230,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th hay cm mu trng. Rt d tan trong nc, thc t khng tan trong ethanol. Natri tetraborat Borax Na2B4O7. 10H2O = 381,4 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Natri tetraphenylborat (C6H5)4BNa = 342,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt mu trng hay hi vng. D tan trong nc, methanol, ethanol khan v aceton. Dung dch natri tetraphenylborat 1%

Ho tan 1,0 g natri tetraphenylborat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dng trong vng mt tun v lc trc khi dng nu cn. Natri thiosulfat Na2S2O3. 5H2O = 248,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cm mu trng hay tinh th trong, khng mu. Tan trong nc, tan t trong ethanol. Natri tungstat Na2WO4. 2H2O = 329,9 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, t tan trong ethanol. Ngh Phm mu ly t thn r cy Curcuma longa L, h Gng (Zingiberaceae). Cn ngh Ly 20 g bt thn r sy kh, ngm 4 ln, mi ln vi 100 ml nc. Mi ln u gn nc trong b i. Sy kh cn thu c 100 105 OC, ri ngm vi 100 ml ethanol 90% trong 3 ngy, lc. Nhm clorid Nhm clorid hexahydrat AlCl3 .6H2O = 241,4 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc cha khng t hn 98,0% AlCl3. 6H2O. Bo qun trong cha kn. Dung dch nhm clorid Ho tan 65 g nhm clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml, thm 0,5 g than hot (TT), khuy 10 pht, lc. Thm dung dch natri hydroxyd 1% vo dch lc, khuy lin tc, iu chnh pH n khong 1,5 (cn dng khong 60 ml). Dung dch nhm clorid 3% Ho tan 3 g nhm clorid (TT) trong va 100 ml ethanol (TT). Nhm (Dy) Al = 26,98 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Nhm nitrat Al(NO3)3. 9H2O = 375,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th d b chy nc. Dung dch nhm nitrat 10%

37

Ho tan 10 g nhm nitrat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Nhm - nickel hp kim (Hp kim Raney) Cha 48% n 52% nhm v 48 n 52% nickel. Kin loi mu xm. Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan trong cc acid v c. Trc khi dng tn thnh bt mn. Nha trao i ion acid mnh Ht nha acid mnh, kch thc 0,3 - 1,2 mm. Hiu xut: 4,5 - 5 mmol/g vi hm lng nc 50 - 60%. Chun b ct: Dng ng thu tinh (40 cm x 20 mm), pha di lt a thu tinh xp v chiu cao nha nhi khong 20 cm. Trn nha vi nc, hn hp vo ct sao cho khng c bt kh gia cc ht nha. Khi s dng, cht lng phi lun ph trn b mt nha. Nu nha dng qu acid, ra vi nc cho n khi cn khng qu 0,05 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 M (C) trung ho 50 ml dch ra, dng dung dch da cam methyl (TT) lm ch th. Nu nha dng natri hoc cn phi hon nguyn, cho 100 ml hn hp ng th tch dung dch acid hydrocloric 7 M (TT) v nc chy chm qua ct, sau ra ct nh m t trn. Nickel (II) sulfat NiSO4. 7H2O = 280,9 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu lc. Tan trong nc v ethanol. Nicotinamid-adenin dinucleotid NAD+; C21H27N7O14P2= 663 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Dung dch nicotinamid-adenin dinucleotid Ho tan 40 mg nicotinamid-adenin dinucleotid (TT) trong nc va 10 ml. Pha ngay trc khi dng. Ninhydrin C9H4O3. H2O = 178,15 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh trng ng. Tan trong nc v ethanol, t tan trong cloroform v ether. im chy: Khong 255 OC. Dung dch ninhydrin 2%

Ho tan 2 g ninhydrin (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ninhydrin 0,25% Ho tan 0,25 g ninhydrin (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ninhydrin 0,1% Ho tan 0,1 g ninhydrin (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch ninhydrin 0,2% Ho tan 0,2 g ninhydrin (TT) trong 100 ml hn hp gm 95 th tch n-butanol (TT) v 5 th tch acid acetic 2 M (TT). Dung dch ninhydrin 0,3% trong ethanol Ho tan 0,3 g ninhydrin (TT) trong ethanol (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch ninhydrin Ho tan 1,0 g ninhydrin (TT) trong 50 ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm 10 ml acid acetic bng (TT). p-Nitroanilin C6H6N2O2 = 138,13 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu vng m. Rt kh tan trong nc, d tan trong methanol, tan trong ethanol v ether. im chy: Khong 148 OC. Dung dch p-nitroanilin diazo ho Ho tan 0,4 g p-nitroanilin (TT) trong 60 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 1 M (TT) bng cch un nng, lm lnh n 15 0C v nh dung dch natri nitrit 10% (TT) n khi 1 git hn hp ny lm xanh giy h tinh bt c iodid (TT). Ch pha trc khi dng. Thuc th diazo p-nitroanilin Ha tan 0,4 g p nitroanilin (TT) trong mt hn hp gm 20 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric long (TT) v 40 ml nc. Lm lnh 15 oC v thm dung dch acid nitric 10% (TT) cho n khi mt git dung dch lm giy h tinh bt c iodid chuyn thnh mu xanh. Nitrobenzaldehyd 2-Nitrobenzaldehyd C7H5NO3 = 151,1 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Tinh th hnh kim mu vng, c mi hnh nhn. im chy: Khong 42 OC. Dung dch nitrobenzaldehyd

38

Thm 0,12 g bt mn nitrobenzaldehyd (TT) vo 10 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 2 M (TT). Lc u. yn 10 pht, thnh thong lc, lc. Ch pha trc khi dng. Nitrobenzen C6H5NO2 = 123,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng mu vng nht, c mi hnh nhn. im si: khong 211 OC. Phi t th nghim sau y: Dinitrobenzen: Thm 5 ml aceton (TT), 5 ml nc v 5 ml natri hydroxyd 10 M (TT) vo 0,1 ml nitrobenzen, lc v yn. Lp cht lng trn phi gn nh khng mu. Nitrobenzoyl clorid C7H4ClNO3= 185,6 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu vng, mi cay hc. im chy: Khong 73 C. Nitrogen N2= 28,0 Dng loi tinh khit cho phng th nghim. Nitrogen dng cho sc k kh Nitrogen c cha khng t hn 99,5% (tt/tt) N2. Nitromethan CH3NO2 = 61,04 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng khng mu. T trng 20 oC: T 1,132 n 1,134. Ch s khc x 20 oC: T 1,381 n 1,383. im si: Khong 102 OC. Nc Xem chuyn lun Nc tinh khit. Nc khng c amoniac (Nc khng c amoni) Ly 100 ml nc, thm 0,1 ml acid sulfuric (TT) v ct (dng dng c ct nh m t trong Ph lc 6.8), b 10 ml dch ct u, ly 50 ml dch ct tip theo. Nc khng c carbon dioxyd un si mt lng nc cn thit trong 10 pht, lm ngui n 20 OC, trnh s thm nhp ca carbon dioxyd t khng kh. Phi p ng php th sau: Thm 1 git dung dch phenolphtalein (TT) v 0,05 ml dung dch kali hydroxyd 0,01 N (TT) vo 10 ml nc, hn

hp phi c mu hng bn vng trong t nht 120 giy. Nc khng c nitrat Ly 100 ml nc, thm 5 mg kali permanganat (TT) v 5 mg bari hydroxyd (TT), ct (dng dng c ct nh m t trong Ph lc 5.20), b 10 ml dch ct u, ly 50 ml dch ct tip theo. Nc khng c cc tiu phn Nc c lc qua mng lc c 0,22 m. Nc dng cho sc k Nc kh ion, c in tr sut khng t hn 0,18 Mohm-m. Nc trao i ion Nc ct kh ion, c in tr sut khng t hn 18 Mohm-m. Nc ct Xem chuyn lun Nc ct. Nc mui sinh l L dung dch natri clorid 0,9%. Oracet lam 2R 1-Amino-4-(phenylamino)anthracen-9,10-dion C20H14N2O2 = 342,9 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: Khong 174 oC. Pararosanilin hydroclorid Basis red 9 C19H18ClN3 = 323,8 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh mu lam. im chy: Khong 270 oC km phn hu. Dung dch pararosanilin kh mu Ly 0,1 g pararosanilin hydroclorid (TT) vo bnh nn nt mi, thm 60 ml nc v 10 ml nc cha 1,0 g natri sulfit khan (TT) hoc 2,0 g natri sulfit (TT), hoc 0,75 g natri metabisulfit (TT). Thm t t 6 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 2 M (TT), khuy lin tc. y np bnh, tip tc khuy cho n khi tan hon ton, pha long thnh 100 ml vi nc. yn 12 gi trc khi dng. Bo qun trnh nh sng. Pentan n-Pentan C5H12 = 72,15 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng khng mu, d bay hi. im si: Khong 36 oC.

39

T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,63. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,359. Pentan dng cho phng php quang ph Phi p ng php th sau: truyn quang: Khng t hn 20% 200 nm, 50% 210 nm, 85% 220 nm, 93% 230 nm, 98% 240 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. Pentanol Pentan-1-ol, n-Pentanol C5H12O = 88,15 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng khng mu. im si: Khong 137 oC. Nng sut quay cc 20 oC: Khong 1,410. Phn chua Nhm kali sulfat dodecahydrat AlK(SO4)2. 12H2O = 474,4 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt hay tinh th mu trng, trong. D tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol. Dung dch phn chua 2% Ho tan 2 g phn chua (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Phn st amoni Dung dch st (III) amoni sulfat 20% Ha tan 20 g st (III) amoni sulfat (TT) trong 75 ml nc, thm 10 ml dung dch acid sulfuric 2,8% v thm nc va 100 ml. Phenazon 2,3-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-on C11H12N2O = 188,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt kt tinh khng mu. im chy: Khong 112 C. Phenol C6H6O = 94,11 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th d chy nc, n da, c mi c trng. im ng c: Khng thp hn 40 0C. im si: Khong 180 0C. Dung dch acid phenoldisulphonic Cht lng trong, c th c mu nu nht trong qu trnh bo qun. c iu ch bng cch un nng 3,0 g phenol (TT) vi 20 ml acid sulfuric m c (TT) trn cch thy trong 6 gi v chuyn dung dch thu c vo bnh nt mi.

Hoc bng cch pha long dung dch thng phm phenol 25% vi acid sulfuric (TT) thnh dung dch phenol 15% (kl/tt). Dung dch phi t php th sau: nhy vi nitrat: Cho bay hi mt lng dung dch cha 0,1 mg kali nitrat (TT) n kh trong chn s trn cch thu. Thm vo cn ngui 1 ml thuc th v yn 10 pht. Thm 10 ml nc, lm lnh, thm 10 ml dung dch amoniac 5 M (TT) v pha long thnh 25 ml vi nc. Xut hin mu vng, phn bit r khi so vi dung dch c pha tng t nhng khng c kali nitrat. Dung dch phenolphtalein (TT1) Ho tan 1 g phenolphtalein (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml. Phenoxyethanol 2-Phenoxyethanol C8H10O2 = 138,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng snh, khng mu. T trng 20 oC: Khong 1,11. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,537. im ng c: Khng thp hn 12 0C. p-Phenylendiamin dihydroclorid 1,4-Diaminobenzen dihydroclorid C6H8N2.2HCl = 181,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng hoc vng nu nht, chuyn mu hng khi tip xc vi khng kh. D tan trong nc, t tan trong ethanol v ether. Phenylhydrazin hydroclorid C6H5NH - NH2. HCl = 144,61 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu trng hay gn nh trng, chuyn sang nu khi tip xc vi khng kh. D tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol. im chy: Khong 245 OC km theo phn hu. Dung dch phenylhydrazin - acid sulfuric Ho tan 65 mg phenylhydrazin hydroclorid (TT) c kt tinh li trong ethanol 85% trong hn hp gm 80 ml nc v 170 ml acid sulfuric (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch phenylhydrazin hydroclorid

40

Ho tan 0,9 g phenylhydrazin hydroclorid (TT) trong 50 ml nc. Kh mu bng than hot (TT) v lc. Thm vo dch lc 30 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) v pha long vi nc thnh 250 ml. Phloroglucinol Benzen - 1,3,5- triol C6H6O3.2H2O = 162,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu trng hay mu kem nht. D tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol 96%. im chy: Khong 223 OC (Ph lc 6.7, phng php 3). Dung dch phloroglucinol Thm 9 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) vo 1 ml dung dch phloroglucinol 10% (kl/tt) trong ethanol 96% (TT). Phosphor pentoxyd Diphosphor pentoxid P2O5= 142,0 S dng loi chuyn dng cho bnh ht m. Bt v nh hnh mu trng, chy ra khi hydrat ha vi nc v ta nhit. Bo qun trong cha kn. Phthalaldehyd C8H6O2 = 134,1 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Tinh th mu vng nht. Tan trong nc, ethanol v ether. im chy: Khong 55 oC. Thuc th phthalaldehyd Ho tan 2,47 g acid boric (TT) trong 75 ml nc, iu chnh pH n 10,4 bng dung dch kali hydroxyd 45% v thm nc va 100 ml (dung dch A). Ho tan 1,0 g phthalaldehyd (TT) trong 5 ml methanol (TT), thm 95 ml dung dch A v 2 ml acid mercaptoacetic (TT), iu chnh pH n 10,4 bng dung dch kali hydroxyd 45%. Bo qun trnh nh sng v dng trong vng 3 ngy. Piperidin Hexahydropyridin C5H11N = 85,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc.

Cht lng c tnh kim, khng mu n hi vng. Trn ln c vi nc, ethanol 96%, ether v du ho nh. im si: Khong 106 oC. Poly(dimethyl)siloxan Silicone gum rubber (methyl) Dng loi tinh khit ho hc dng cho sc k kh. Organosilicon polymer c b ngoi l lp gm khng mu, bn lng. Ph hp th hng ngoi (Ph lc 4.2) khng c c nh hp th ti 3053 cm1 ca nhm vinyl, chun b mu o bng cch phn tn cht th vo vi git carbon tetraclorid, to a natri clorid o ph. Polyethylen glycol 1500 Macrogol 1500 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Khi sp mu trng. im ng c: Khong 43 n 48 oC. nht: Khong 70 mPas i vi dung dch 50% (kl/kl). Polysorbat-80 Thuc th Tween-80 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng snh, mu vng hoc mu nht. Khi lng ring: Khong 1,10 g/ml. Propanol Propan-1-ol, n-Propyl alcol C3H8O = 60,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu. im si: Khong 97 oC. T trng 20 oC: 0,802 - 0,806. Lng ct c khong t 96o n 99 oC khng c t hn 95%. Pyridin C5H5N = 79,10 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng khng mu, mi c bit kh chu, rt ht m. Ho ln c vi nc v ethanol. im si: Khong 115 OC. Ghi ch: Nu ch nh dng pyridin khan, dng loi c hm lng nc khng qu 0,01% (kl/kl). Pyrocatechol Catechol, Benzen-1,2-diol C6H6O2 = 110,1

41

Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh trng. Tan trong nc, aceton, ethanol v ether. im chy: Khong 103 OC. Pyrogalol Benzen-1,2,3-triol C6H6O3 = 126,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu trng, chuyn sang mu nu khi tip xc vi khng kh v nh sng. Tan trong nc, ethanol v ether, tan t trong cloroform. im chy: Khong 131 OC. Dung dch kim pyrogalol Ho tan 0,5 g pyrogalol (TT) trong 2 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT). Ho tan 12,0 g kali hydroxyd (TT) trong 8 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT). Trn hai dung dch ny ngay trc khi dng. Resorcin Benzen-1,3-diol C6H4(OH)2 = 110,1 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th hay bt kt tinh khng mu. Tan trong nc, ethanol v ether. im chy: Khong 111 OC. Dung dch resorcin Ho tan 50 g resorcin (TT) trong 50 ml nc, yn 24 gi, thnh thong lc, lc. Dung dch resorcin 2% Ho tan 2 g resorcin (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch resorcin 5% trong ethanol Ho tan 5 g resorcin (TT) trong ethanol (TT) va 100 ml. Rhodamin B Basic violet 10 C28H31CIN2O3 = 479,0 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Tinh th mu xanh l hay bt mu tm . D tan trong nc v ethanol. Salicylaldehyd 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyd C7H6O2= 122,1 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng du, khng mu vi mi c trng. T trng 20 oC: Khong 1,167

Ch s khc x 20 oC: 1,574 im chy: Khong 7 C im si: Khong 196 C. Salicylaldehyd azin C14H12N2O2= 240,3 Ha tan 0,30 g hydrazin sulfat (TT) trong 5 ml nc, thm 1 ml acid acetic bng (TT) v 2 ml dung dch salicylaldehyd 20% trong propan-2-ol (TT) mi pha. Lc u, yn cho n khi to thnh ta mu vng. Chit vi 2 x 15 ml dicloromethan (TT), yn cho tch lp, lm kh cc lp dicloromethan bng natri sulfat khan (TT), cho bay hi n kh. Kt tinh li cn thu c bng hn hp 60 th tch toluen (TT) v 40 th tch methanol (TT) bng cch lm lnh. im chy ca tinh th thu c, sau khi lm kh trn phosphor pentoxyd (TT) v p sut 1,5 n 2,5 kPa, khong 213 C. Phi p ng php th sau: ng nht: Tin hnh nh m t trong php th Hydrazin trong chuyn lun Povidon. Sc k ch c mt vt duy nht. St (III) clorid FeCl3. 6H2O = 270,30 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Khi kt tinh mu vng nu hay vng cam, d chy nc. Rt d tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v ether. Dung dch st (III) clorid 20% Ha tan 20 g st (III) clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch st (III) clorid 10,5% Ho tan 10,5 g st (III) clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch st (III) clorid 5% Ho tan 5 g st (III) clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch st (III) clorid 1,3% Ho tan 1,3 g st (III) clorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch st (III) clorid trong ethanol Ho tan 1 g st (III) clorid (TT) trong ethanol 96 % (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch st (III) clorid 5% trong acid nitric 50%

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Ho tan 5 g st (III) clorid (TT) trong acid nitric 50% (TT) va 100ml. Dung dch st (III) clorid - fericyanid - arsenit Dung dch A: Ho tan 2,7 g st (III) clorid (TT) trong 100 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 2 M (TT). Dung dch B: Ho tan 3,5 g kali fericyanid (TT) trong 100 ml nc. Dung dch C: Ho tan 3,8 g arsen trioxyd (TT) trong 25 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 2 M (TT) nng. ngui, thm 50 ml dung dch acid sulfuric 1 M (TT) v pha long 100 ml vi nc. Trc khi dng, trn u 5 th tch dung dch A, 5 th tch dung dch B v 1 th tch dung dch C. St (III) nitrat Fe(NO3)3. 9H2O = 404,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch st (III) nitrat 0,1% trong acid nitric 0,1% Ho tan 0,1 g st (III) nitrat (TT) trong dung dch acid nitric 0,1% va 100 ml. St (II) sulfat FeSO4. 7H2O = 278,0 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Dung dch st (II) sulfat 8% Ho tan 8,0 g st (II) sulfat (TT) trong nc mi un si ngui va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch st (II) sulfat 1,5% Ho tan 1,5 g st (II) sulfat (TT) trong nc mi un si ngui va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch st (II) sulfat (TT1) Ho tan 3 g st (II) sulfat (TT) trong hn hp gm 3 ml dung dch acid sulfuric 16% (TT) v 3 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT). Dung dch st (II) sulfat (TT2) Ho tan 0,45 g st (II) sulfat (TT) trong 50 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,1 M (TT) v pha long thnh 100 ml bng nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT). Ch pha trc khi dng. Silica gel G Bt trng mn, ng nht, kch thc ht trung bnh 10 - 40 m, c cha khong 13% CaSO4. 1/2H2O.

Hm lng CaSO4. 1/2H2O: Cn chnh xc khong 0,25 g bt, thm 3 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 2 M (TT) v 100 ml nc, lc mnh trong 30 pht. Lc, ra cn bng nc. Gp nc ra vo dch lc v tin hnh nh lng calci bng phng php chun complexon (Ph lc 10.5). 1 ml dung dch trilon B 0,1 M tng ng vi 14,51 mg CaSO4. 1/2H2O. acid kim: Lc 1 g bt vi 10 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT) trong 5 pht, pH ca hn dch thu c vo khong 7. Silica gel GF254 Bt trng mn, ng nht kch thc ht khong15 m, c cha khong 13% CaSO4. 1/2 H2O v khong 1,5% ch th hunh quang c cng cc i 254 nm. Phi p ng yu cu v hm lng calci sulfat v acid - kim nh m t trong chuyn lun Silica gel G v php th sau: Hunh quang. Tin hnh bng phng php sc k lp mng (Ph lc 5.4) Dung mi khai trin: Hn hp acid formic khan: propan-2-ol (1: 9). Chm ring bit ln bn mng 10 vt, t 1 l n 10 l, dung dch acid benzoic 0,1% trong pha ng. Trin khai bn mng ti khi dung mi i c 10 cm. Lm kh bn mng bng lung kh nng v quan st di nh sng t ngoi bc sng 254 nm. Cc vt acid benzoic nm 1/3 pha trn ca sc k v pht hin c cc vt t 2 l tr ln. Silica gel H Bt trng mn, ng nht, c kch thc ht trung bnh khong 15 m. Phi p ng php th acid - kim nh m t trong chuyn lun "Silica gel G". Silica gel HF254 Bt trng mn, ng nht, c kch thc ht trung bnh khong 15 m, cha 1,5% ch th hunh quang c cng cc i 254 nm.

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Phi p ng php th acid - kim nh m t trong chuyn lun "Silica gel G" v php th Hunh quang nh m t trong chuyn lun "Silica gel GF254". Silica gel khan Acid silicic v nh hnh, polyme ha, loi nc mt phn, 20 oC hp th lng nc tng ng vi khong 30% trng lng. Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan mt phn trong cc dung dch natri hydroxyd. Cha ch th thch hp xc nh trng thi m: mu thay i khi ch phm chuyn t dng khan sang dng ngm nc. Squalan 2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23 - Hexamethyltetracosan C30H62 = 422,8 Dng loi tinh khit sc k kh. Cht lng snh, khng mu. T trng 20 oC: 0,811 - 0,813. Ch s khc x 20 oC: 1,451 - 1,453. Sudan III Sudan ; 1-(4-phenylazophenylazo)-2-naphthol C22H16N4O = 352,4 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Bt mu nu . Dung dch sudan III Dung dch sudan III (TT) 0,5% trong acid acetic khan (TT). Taninoid Acid tanic C76H52O46 = 1701 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt v nh hnh hay dng vy lp lnh, mu vng ti nu nht. Tan trong nc v ethanol. Dung dch taninoid 5% Ho tan 5 g taninoid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Tetrabutylamoni hydrosulfat C16H37NO4S = 339,5 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu trng . im chy: 169 0C 173 0C. hp th: hp th ca dung dch ch phm 5% (kl/tt) trong khong 240 300 nm (Ph lc 4.1) khng c ln hn 0,05. pH ca dung dch ch phm 1,7% khong 1,5. Tetrabutylamoni iodid

C16H36IN = 369,4 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 98,0% C16H36IN. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng hay trng ng . Tan trong ethanol. Phi p ng cc php th sau: Tro sulfat: Khng qu 0,02% (Ph lc 9.9). nh lng: Ho tan 1,200 g ch phm trong 30 ml nc. Thm 50,0 ml dung dch bc nitrat 0,1 N (C) v 5 ml dung dch acid nitric long (TT). nh lng bc nitrat tha bng dung dch amoni thiocyanat 0,1 N (C), dng 2 ml dung dch st (III) amoni sulfat (TT) lm ch th. 1 ml dung dch bc nitrat 0,1 N (C) tng ng vi 0,03694 g C16H36IN. n-Tetradecan C14H30 = 198,4 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc, cha khng t hn 99,5% C14H30. Cht lng khng mu. im si: Khong 253 oC. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,429. T trng 20 oC: Khong 0,76. im chy: Khong 5 oC. Tetraheptylamoni bromid C28H60BrN = 490,7 Dng loi tinh khit sc k. im chy: 89 91 oC. Tetrahydrofuran Tetramethylen oxyd C4H8O = 72,1. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng trong, khng mu, d chy. im si: Khong 66 oC. T trng 20 0C: Khong 0,89. Ch : Ch ct nu t php th sau: Peroxyd: Cho 8 ml dung dch h tinh bt c kali iodid (TT) vo ng nghim nt mi dung tch 12 ml, ng knh khong 1,5 cm, y ng nghim vi tetrahydrofuran cn th. y nt, lc mnh v yn trnh nh sng trong 30 pht. Khng c c mu to thnh. Tetrahydrofuran dng cho phng php quang ph

44

 truyn quang: Khng nh hn 20% 255 nm, 80% 270 nm v 98% 310 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. Tetramethylamoni hydrosulfat C4H13NO4S = 171,2. Dng loi tinh khit sc k. Tetramethylamoni hydrosulfat dng cho sc k lng phi tho mn yu cu sau: truyn quang: Khng c t hn 50% 200 nm v 90% 220 nm. Dng dung dch 0,005 M xc nh. Tetramethylamoni hydroxyd pentahydrat C4H13NO. 5H2O = 181,2. Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. im chy: Khong 66 OC. Dung dch tetramethylamoni hydroxyd Dng loi tinh khit ho hc, c cha khng t hn 10,0% C4H13NO (kl/kl). Cht lng trong, khng mu hoc c mu rt nht. nh lng: Ly 1,0 g ch phm, thm 50 ml nc v nh lng bng dung dch acid sulfuric 0,1 N (C), dng dung dch methyl (TT) lm ch th. 1 ml dung dch acid sulfuric 0,1 N (C) tng ng vi 9,115 mg C4H13NO. Dung dch tetramethylamoni hydroxyd long Pha long 10 ml dung dch tetramethylamoni hydroxyd (TT) vi ethanol khng c aldehyd (TT) thnh 100 ml. Dung dch cha khong 1% C4H13NO (kl/tt). Pha ngay trc khi dng. Tetrazoli lam Mui tetrazoli lam; 3,3-(3,3- dimethoxy-4,4biphenylylen)bis(2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoli clorid) C40H32Cl2N8O2 = 727,7. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Tinh th mu vng. t tan trong nc, d tan trong methanol, ethanol v cloroform. im chy: Khong 245 oC, km phn hy. Thch trng Agar agar Dng loi tinh khit vi sinh. Phin, si mu trng hay trng ng, gn nh trong sut, hoc bt khng mu hay trng ng. Tan

trong nc si, t tan trong nc lnh, nhng trng n thnh khi sn st. Thic (II) clorid SnCl2. 2H2O = 225,63 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 97,0% SnCl2. 2H2O. Tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, ethanol v dung dch natri hydroxyd. Dung dch thic (II) clorid 4% Ho tan 4 g thic (II) clorid (TT) trong 4 ml acid hydrocloric (TT), pha long thnh 100 ml vi nc. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch thic (II) clorid 40% trong acid hydrocloric Ho tan 40 g thic (II) clorid (TT) trong acid hydrocloric (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch thic (II) clorid un nng 20 g thic vi 85 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) n khi khng cn kh hydro bay ra. Dung dch thic (II) clorid AsT Pha long gp i dung dch thic (II) clorid (TT) vi acid hydrocloric (TT). Bc hi ti th tch ban u v lc qua giy lc mn. Phi p ng php th sau: Ly 10 ml thuc th, thm 6 ml nc v 10 ml acid hydrocloric (TT). Ct 16 ml, thm 50 ml nc, 0,1 ml thuc th, 5 ml dung dch kali iodid 0,1 M v 5 g km khng c arsen (TT). Tin hnh th gii hn arsen (Ph lc 9.4.2). Vt thu c trn giy thu ngn (II) bromid (TT) khng c m mu hn vt khi lp li php th trn, nhng thm 1 ml dung dch arsen mu 1 phn triu As (TT). Dung dch thic (II) clorid (TT1) Pha long 1 th tch dung dch thic (II) clorid (TT) bng 10 th tch acid hydrocloric 2 M. (TT). Ch pha dung dch trc khi dng. Dung dch thic (II) clorid (TT2) Ly 8 g thic (II) clorid (TT), thm 100 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 20%. Lc n khi tan hon ton, un nng trn cch thu 50 oC nu cn. Sc kh nitrogen vo dung dch trong 15 pht Ch pha dung dch trc khi dng. Thioacetamid CH3CSNH2 = 75,13 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc.

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Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc v ethanol, tan t trong ether. im chy: Khong 113 OC. Dung dch thioacetamid 4% Ho tan 4 g thioacetamid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch thioacetamid Thm 1 ml hn hp gm 15 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 1 N (TT), 5 ml nc v 20 ml glycerin (85%) (TT) vo 0,2 ml dung dch thioacetamid 4% (TT), un nng trong cch thu 20 giy, lm lnh v dng ngay. Thioure NH2. CS. NH2 = 76,12 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th trng. Tan trong nc v ethanol. im chy: Khong 178 OC. Dung dch thioure 10% Ho tan 10 g thioure (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Thuc th acid 3- aminomethylalirazin-N,Ndiacetic Dung dch I: Ho tan 0,36 g ceri (III) nitrat (TT) trong nc va 50 ml. Dung dch II: Phn tn 0,7 g acid 3aminomethylalirazin-N,N-diacetic (TT) trong 50 ml nc. Ho tan bng cch thm 0,25 amoniac (TT). Thm 0,25 ml acid acetic bng (TT) v nc va 100 ml. Dung dch III: Ho tan 6 g natri acetat (TT) trong 50 ml nc, thm 11,5 ml acid acetic bng (TT) v nc va 100 ml. Ly 33 ml aceton (TT), thm 6,8 ml dung dch III, 1,0 ml dung dch II, 1,0 ml dung dch I v nc va 50 ml. Ch dng trong vng 5 ngy. Phi t yu cu sau: nhy: Ly 1,0 ml dung dch fluorid chun 10 phn triu (TT), thm 19,0 ml nc v 5,0 ml thuc th. Sau 20 pht, dung dch c mu xanh lam nhn thy r. Thuc th anhydrid propionic Ho tan 1g acid toluensulfonic (TT) trong 30 ml acid acetic bng (TT), thm 5 ml anhydric propionic (TT), yn t nht 15 pht.

S dng trong 24h. Thuc th Diazo Dung dch acid sulfanilic: Ho tan 4,5 g acid sulfanilic (TT) v 45 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) trong nc va 500 ml. Cho 5 ml dung dch acid sulfanilic vo bnh nh mc 100 ml c lm lnh bn ngoi bng nc , thm 2,5 ml dung dch natri nitrit 10% (TT), yn trong nc 5 pht. Thm 10 ml dung dch natri nitrit 10% (TT) v nc va n vch. Bo qun trong nc . Thuc th Dragendorff Dung dch kali iodobismuthat Dung dch 1: Ho tan 0,85 g bismuth nitrat base (TT) trong 40 ml nc v 10 ml acid acetic (TT). Dung dch 2: Ho tan 8 g kali iodid (TT) trong 20 ml nc. Trn ng th tch dung dch 1 v dung dch 2. Thm 100 ml nc v 20 ml acid acetic (TT) vo mi 10 ml hn hp thu c. Thuc th Erdmann Trn 20 ml acid sulfuric (TT) vi 10 git hn hp gm 10 git acid nitric (TT) v 100 ml nc. Thuc th Fehling Dung dch A: Ho tan 34,66 g ng sulfat (TT) trong nc acid ho bng 2 - 3 git acid sulfuric long (TT) va 500 ml. Dung dch B: Ho tan 173 g natri kali tartrat (TT) v 50 g natri hydroxyd (TT) trong 400 ml nc, lm ngui, thm nc va 500 ml. Khi dng, trn ng th tch dung dch A v dung dch B. Pha long 5 ml thuc th Fehling vi 5 ml nc v un si, dung dch phi trong, khng c xut hin vt ta. Thuc th imidazol thy ngn Ha tan 8,25 g imidazol kt tinh li (TT) trong 60 ml nc, thm 10 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 5 M (TT). Dng my khuy t, khuy v thm tng git 10 ml dung dch thy ngn (II) clorid 0,27%. Nu dung dch c ta, pha li dung dch khc v nh dung dch thy ngn (II) clorid chm hn. iu chnh pH n 6,8 0,05 bng dung dch acid hydrocloric 5 M (TT) (khong 4 ml) v thm nc va 100 ml.

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Thuc th iodoplatinat Thm 97 ml nc v 100 ml dung dch kali iodid 6% vo 3 ml dung dch acid cloroplatinic 10%. Thuc th kali iodobismuthat (TT1) Ha tan 100 g acid tartric (TT) trong 400 ml nc, thm 8,5 g bismuth nitrat base (TT), lc trong 1 gi. Thm 200 ml dung dch kali iodid 40%, lc u. yn 24 gi v lc. Thuc th kali iodobismuthat long Ha tan 100 g acid tartric (TT) trong 500 ml nc, thm 50 ml thuc th kali iodobismuthat (TT1), trn u. Thuc th km dithiol Ha tan 0,2 g toluen - 3,4 dithiol - km phc hp (TT) trong dung dch natri hydroxyd 1% (TT) cha 0,25 ml ethanol 96% (TT). Thm 1 ml acid thioglycolic (TT) v dung dch natri hydroxyd 1% (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Thuc th Mayer Dung dch kali iodomercurat Ho tan 1,358 g thu ngn diclorid (TT) trong 60 ml nc, thm 10 ml dung dch kali iodid 50% v thm nc va 100 ml. Thuc th methylaminophenol - sulfit Ho tan 0,1 g 4-methylaminophenol sulfat (TT), 20 g natri metabisulfit (TT) v 0,5 g natri sulfit khan (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Thuc th Molybdovanadic Nghin mn 4 g amoni molybdat (TT) v 0,1 g amoni metavanadat (TT), ho tan trong 70 ml nc, thm 20 ml acid nitric (TT) v nc va 100 ml. Thuc th Nessler Ho tan 10 g kali iodid (TT) trong 10 ml nc, thm t t dung dch bo ho thu ngn diclorid (TT), khuy lin tc, cho ti khi xut hin ta bn vng. Thm 30 g kali hydroxyd (TT), lc cho tan, thm 1 ml dung dch bo ho thu ngn diclorid (TT). Pha long thnh 200 ml vi nc. yn v gn ly phn nc trong. Cho 3 git thuc th vo 10 ml dung dch amoni mu 2 phn triu NH4 (TT), mu vng cam phi xut hin ngay tc khc. Thuc th phosphomolybdotungstic Thuc th Folin ciocalteau phenol

Ho tan 100 g natri tungstat (TT) v 25 g natri molybdat (TT) trong 700 ml nc, thm 100 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) v 50 ml acid phosphoric (TT), un nng hn hp di ng sinh hn ngc trong 10 gi. Thm 150 g lithi sulfat (TT), 50 ml nc v 0,2 ml brom (TT), un si (khong 15 pht) ui brom tha, ngui, pha long thnh 1000 ml vi nc, lc. Thuc th c th c mu vng. Nu thuc th c mu xanh th khng c dng. X l bng cch un si vi 0,2 ml brom (TT). Thn trng khi un si ui brom tha. Bo qun nhit t 2 OC n 8 OC. Thuc th pyridin anhydrid acetic Ha tan 25 g anhydric acetic (TT) trong pyridin khan (TT) va 100 ml. Thuc th Schweitzer Ha tan 10 g ng sulfat (TT) trong 100 ml nc v thm dung dch natri hydroxyd va kt ta ng hydroxyd. Lc ly ta, ra vi nc cho ti khi khng cn phn ng vi sulfat. Ha tan ta cn t trong lng ti thiu amoniac. Thuc th titan (III) clorid acid sulfuric (Thuc th titan (III) triclorid acid sulfuric) Trn cn thn 20 ml dung dch titan (III) clorid (TT) vi 13 ml acid sulfuric (TT). Thm dung dch hydrogen peroxyd 100 tt (TT) va dung dch c mu vng. un nng cho n khi khi trng bay ln, ngui. Pha long vi nc. Lp li qu trnh bc hi v thm nc cho n khi dung dch khng mu. Pha long vi nc thnh 100 ml. Thu ngn (II) acetat Hg(CH3COO)2 = 318,68 Dng loi thuc th tinh khit. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc v ethanol. Dung dch thu ngn (II) acetat 5% Ho tan 5 g thu ngn (II) acetat (TT) trong acid acetic khan (TT), ngui, thm acid acetic khan (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch thy ngn (II) acetat Ho tan 3,19 g thy ngn (II) acetat (TT) trong acid acetic khan (TT) va 100 ml. Nu cn, trung ho vi dung dch acid percloric 0,1 M

47

(C), dng dung dch tm tinh th (TT) lm ch th. Thu ngn diclorid Thu ngn (II) clorid HgCl2 = 271,50 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, ethanol, aceton v ether. Dung dch thu ngn diclorid 5% Ho tan 5 g thu ngn diclorid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Thu ngn (II) nitrat Hg(NO3)2. H2O = 342,6 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh mu trng hay trng ng. D tan trong nc v acid long. Dung dch thu ngn (II) nitrat Ho tan 40 g thu ngn oxyd vng (TT) trong hn hp gm 32 ml acid nitric (TT) v 15 ml nc. Thu ngn oxyd vng HgO = 216,6 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt v nh hnh mu vng cam. Thc t khng tan trong nc v ethanol. Thu ngn (II) sulfat HgSO4 = 296,7 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh hay cm mu trng, khng mi. Dung dch thu ngn (II) sulfat Trn 5 g thu ngn oxyd vng (TT) vi 40 ml nc, thm 20 ml acid sulfuric (TT) v 40 ml nc, khuy lin tc cho ti khi tan hon ton. Thu ngn (II) thiocyanat Hg(SCN)2 = 316,8 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh mu trng. Rt kh tan trong nc, kh tan trong ethanol v ether, tan trong dung dch natri clorid. Dung dch thu ngn (II) thiocyanat Ho tan 0,3 g thu ngn (II) thiocyanat (TT) trong ethanol (TT) va 100 ml. Dng trong vng mt tun. Titan (III) clorid Titan triclorid TiCl3= 154,3 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.

Tinh th mu tm . im chy: Khong 440 C. Bo qun trong cha kn. Dung dch titan (III) clorid (Dung dch titan triclorid) Dng loi cha khong 15% (kl/tt) TiCl3 trong dung dch acid hydrocloric10%. T trng: Khong 1,2 g/ml. Toluen Methyl benzen C6H5CH3 = 92,14 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Cht lng trong, khng mu, d chy. Rt t tan trong nc, hn hp c vi ethanol. im si: Khong 110 OC. T trng 20 0C: 0,865 - 0,870. Toluen-p-sulfonamid p-Toluensulfonamid; Toluen sulfonamid; 4Methylbenzensulfonamid C7H9NO2S = 171,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: Khong 136 oC Phi p ng cc php th sau: ng nht: Phng php sc k lp mng (Ph lc 5.4). Bn mng: Silica gel G. Dung mi khai trin: Cloroform methanol acid formic khan (90 : 8 : 2). Cch tin hnh: Chm 5 l dung dch ch phm 0,015% trong aceton (TT). Trin khai sc k n khi dung mi i c 15 cm. Ly bn mng ra, lm kh bng lung khng kh m v sy 10 pht 110 oC. Trn sc k thu c phi c 4 vt, tch nhau r rng. t di y bnh trin khai sc k kh mt cc cha dung dch kali permanganat 50%, thm ng th tch acid hydrocloric (TT). t bn mng cn ang nng vo bnh, y np. bn mng tip xc vi hi clor trong 2 pht. Ly bn mng ra, di lung kh lnh cho n khi ht clor d v khu vc di di vt chm c mu lam rt nht khi nh 1 git dung dch h tinh bt c kali iodid (TT). Trnh qu lu di lung kh lnh. Phun dung dch h tinh bt c kali iodid (TT) v yn 5 pht. Trn sc k thu c ch c duy nht mt vt chnh. Tosylarginin methyl ester hydroclorid

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Methyl N-tosyl-L-argininat hydrochlorid C14H22N4O4S .HCl = 378,9 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc thch hp cho nh lng trypsin. Bt kt tinh mu trng. im chy: Khong 145 oC Gc quay cc ring 20 oC: -12o n -16o, dung dch 4% (kl/tt) trong nc. Triethanolamin C6H15NO3 = 149,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng nht, khng mu, rt ht m, hi c mi amoniac, chuyn sang mu nu khi tip xc vi khng kh v nh sng. T trng 20 OC: Khong 1,13. Triethylamin C6H15N = 101,2 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Cht lng khng mu, c mi amoniac T trng 20 0C: Khong 0,727. Ch s khc x 20 0C: Khong 1,401. im si: Khong 90 0C. Triethylendiamin 1,4- Diazobicyclo [2,2,2] octan C6H12N2 = 112,17 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Tinh th d ht m, thng hoa nhit phng. D tan trong nc, aceton v ethanol im chy: Khong 158 OC. im si: Khong 174 0C. Trilon B Dinatri dihydro ethylendiamin tetraacetat; Natri edetat C10H14N2Na2O8. 2H2O = 372,24 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh trng. Tan trong nc, tan rt t trong ethanol. Triphenyl tetrazoli clorid 2,3,5- Triphenyl tetrazolium clorid; Mui tetrazolium C19H15CIN4 = 334,8. Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, cha khng t hn 98,0% C19H15CIN4. Bt mu kem hay vng nht. im chy: Khong 240 OC km phn hy.

nh lng: Ho tan 1,0 g trong hn hp gm 5 ml acid nitric 2 M (TT) v 45 ml nc, thm 50 ml dung dch bc nitrat 0,1 M (C) v un n si. ngui, thm 3 ml dibutyl phthalat (TT), lc mnh v nh lng bng dung dch amoni thiocyanat 0,1 M (C), dng 2 ml dung dch amoni st (II) sulfat 10% (TT) lm ch th. 1 ml dung dch bc nitrat 0,1 M (C) tng ng vi 33,48 mg C19H15CIN4. Dung dch triphenyl tetrazoli clorid Ho tan 0,5 g triphenyl tetrazoli clorid (TT) trong 100 ml ethanol khng c aldehyd (TT). Tributyl phosphat (tributyl orthophosphat) C12H27O4P = 266,3. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu. Khi lng ring: Khong 0,98 g/ml. Trc khi dng, ra 3 ln vi dung dch cha 10 % (kl/tt) natri clorid (TT) v 1 % (kl/tt) dinatri hydrogen phosphat (TT), mi ln vi lng bng 1/6 th tch tributyl phosphat. Trimethylpentan Iso-octan; 2,2,4-Trimethylpentan C8H18 = 114,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng khng mu, d bt la. Khng tan trong nc, tan trong aceton, cloroform v ether. T trng 20 0C: 0,691 0,696. Ch s khc x 20 0C: 1,391 1,393. Phi p ng cc php th sau: Khong chng ct: Khng t hn 95% c chng ct 98 100 oC. Trimethylpentan dng cho phng php quang ph truyn quang: Khng nh hn 98% trong khong 250 420 nm, dng nc lm mu trng. Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethan Tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamin; Trometamol; THAM C4H11NO3 = 121,14. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. im chy: Khong 170oC. Dung dch m tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethan pH 8,1 Ha tan 0,294 g calci clorid (TT) v 0,969 g tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethan (TT) trong nc,

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iu chnh n pH 8,1 vi dung dch acid hydrocloric 1 N (TT), thm nc va 1000 ml. Uranyl acetat (CH3COO)2UO2. 2H2O = 424,15 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Bt kt tinh mu vng. Tan trong nc, tan t trong ethanol. Ure CO(NH2)2 = 60,06 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinhhay tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, ethanol v benzen, thc t khng tan trong cloroform v ether. im chy: Khong 133 OC. Urotropin Hexamin; Hexamethylentetramin (CH2)6N4 = 140,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Tinh th mu trng. Tan trong nc, ethanol v cloroform, tan t trong ether. Vng clorid Acid cloroauric; Hydrogen tetracloroaurat HAuCl4 + nc Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Khi mu nu, d chy nc. Dung dch vng clorid (TT) Ha tan 1 g vng clorid (TT) trong 35 ml nc. Vanilin 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy benzaldehyd C8H8O3 =152,2 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Bt kt tinh hay tinh th hnh kim trng hoc mu kem, c mi thm vani. D tan trong ethanol, cloroform v ether, tan trong du v dung dch natri hydroxyd. im chy: Khong 81OC, xc nh bng cch khng sy trc. Dung dch vanilin 1% trong acid sulfuric m c Ho tan 1 g vanilin (TT) trong acid sulfuric m c (TT) va 100 ml. Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Dung dch vanilin trong acid hydrocloric Ho tan 0,2 g vanilin (TT) trong 10 ml acid hydrocloric m c (TT). Dung dch ch pha khi dng.

Dung dch vanilin trong ethanol 96% Thm cn thn tng git 2 ml acid sulfuric (TT) vo dung dch vanilin 1% trong ethanol 96% (TT). Dung dch vanilin trong acid phosphoric Ha tan 1 g vanilin (TT) trong 25 ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm 25 ml nc v 35 ml acid phosphoric (TT). Dng trong 48 gi. Dung dch vanilin 2% trong acid sulfuric Ho tan 0,1 g vanilin (TT) trong 5 ml acid sulfuric (TT), pha dng ngay. 2- Vinylpyridin C7H7N = 105,1. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc. Cht lng mu vng. T trng 20 oC: khong 0,97. Ch s khc x 20 oC: Khong 1,549. Xanthydrol 9-Hydroxyxanthen; Xanthen-9-ol C13H10O2= 198,2 Dng loi tinh khit ha hc cha khng t hn 90,0% C13H10O2. Bt mu trng hay vng nht. im chy: Khong 123 C. Xanthydrol cng l dung dch trong methanol cha 9,0 - 11.0% C13H10O2. nh lng: Cn 0,3 g ch phm vo bnh nn 250 ml, hay ly 3 ml dung dch. Thm 50 ml acid acetic bng (TT) v tng git 25 ml dung dch ure 2%, lc lin tc. yn 12 gi, lc ly ta qua phu xp thy tinh (16 mm). Ra ta vi 20 ml ethanol 96% (TT), sy 100 105 C v cn. Mi g ta tng ng vi 0,9429 g xanthydrol. Bo qun trnh nh sng. Nu s dng dung dch trong methanol, bo qun trong cc ng nh, hn kn v lc nu cn trc khi s dng. Xanh methylen C16H18N3ClS. 3H2O = 373,90 Bt kt tinh mu nu sm hay lc sm, gn nh khng mi. D tan trong nc nng. Dung dch xanh methylen 0,15% Ho tan 0,15 g xanh methylen (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Dung dch xanh methylen 0,37%

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Ho tan 0,37 g xanh methylen (TT) trong nc va 100 ml. Xanh tetrazolium C40H32Cl2N8O2 = 727,7 Dng loi tinh khit ho hc. Tinh th mu vng. t tan trong nc, d tan trong ethanol, methanol v cloroform. im chy: Khong 245 0C km phn hu. Dung dch xanh tetrazolium Trn 1 th tch dung dch xanh tetrazolium (TT) 0,2% trong methanol (TT) vi 3 th tch dung dch natri hydroxyd (TT) 12% trong methanol (TT). Dung dch ch pha khi dng. Xylen Dimethyl benzen C6H4(CH3)2 = 106,17 Dng loi tinh khit phn tch. Hn hp ca ortho, meta v para-xylen. Cht lng trong khng mu, d bt la. T trng 20 OC: Khong 0,867. Ch s khc x 20 0C: Khong 1,497. im si: Khong 138 OC. Zirconyl nitrat Cng thc khong: ZrO(NO3)2 + nc. Dng loi tinh khit ha hc, thng cha khong 44,5% ZrO2. Dung dch Zirconyl nitrat Ho tan 0,1 g zirconyl nitrat (TT) trong hn hp gm 60 ml acid hydrocloric (TT) v 40 ml nc.

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