S GIO DC V O TO VNH PHC

K THI CHN HC SINH GII CP TNH LP 12 THPT NM HC 2012-2013

Cu 1: (2,0 im) 1) Trong phng th nghim b dng c v di y c th dng iu ch nhng cht kh no trong s cc kh sau: Cl2, O2, NO, NH3, SO2, CO2, H2, C2H4, gii thch. Mi kh iu ch c hy chn mt cp cht A v B thch hp v vit phn ng iu ch cht kh ?

2 ) Cho a mol Cu tc dng vi 120ml dung dch A gm HNO 3 1M v H2SO4 0,5M (long), thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ktc). a. Tnh V, bit rng phn ng xy ra hon ton. b. Gi s sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, lng Cu kim loi khng tan ht th lng mui khan thu c l bao nhiu gam? Cu 2: (2,0 im) 1) Cho dy phn ng sau:
(1) A
+ dd NaOH

+ Cl2, as 1 : 1 (mol) (6)

(2)

+ O2, Cu, t0 (3)

+ dd AgNO3/NH3, t0 (4) xt, t0, p (9)

+ H2SO4, t0 E (5) t0 cao (10)

+ dd NaOH

(7)

+ H2SO4, t0 Z - H2O (8)

Polistiren

Cho bit cng thc cu to thu gn ca cc cht ng vi cc ch ci M, A, B, X, Y trong dy phn ng. Vit phng trnh phn ng (4), (5), (9), (10)? 2) Cc cht A, B, C, D, E, F c cng cng thc phn t C 4H8. Cho tng cht vo brom trong CCl4 v khng chiu sng thy A, B, C v D lm mt mu brom rt nhanh. E lm mt mu brom chm hn, cn F hu nh khng phn ng. B v C l ng phn lp th ca nhau, trong B c nhit si cao hn C. Khi cho tc dng vi hiro (c xc tc Ni, to ) th A, B, C u cho cng sn phm G. Lp lun xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn ca A, B, C, D, E, F? Cu 3: (2,0 im) 1) Cho hn hp gm a mol FeS2 v b mol Cu2S tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 th thu c dung dch A (ch cha 2 mui sunfat) v 26,88 lt hn hp kh Y gm NO 2 v NO iu kin tiu chun (khng cn sn phm kh no khc), t khi ca Y so vi H2 l 19. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi Ba(OH) 2 d th thu c kt ta E. Nung E n khi lng khng i th thu c m gam cht rn. a. Tnh % theo th tch cc kh. b. Tnh gi tr m. 2) Cho BaO tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 thu c kt ta A v dung dch B. Cho B tc dng vi kim loi Al d thu c dung dch D v kh E. Thm K 2CO3 vo dung dch D thy to kt ta F. Xc nh cc cht A, B, D, E, F v vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Cu 4: (2,0 im) Cho 2,760 gam cht hu c A (cha C, H, O v c 100 < MA< 150) tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va , sau lm kh, phn bay hi ch c nc, phn cht rn khan cn li cha hai mui ca natri c khi lng 4,440 gam. Nung nng 2 mui trong oxi d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 3,180 gam Na 2CO3, 2,464 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 0,900 gam nc. Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca A. Cu 5: (1,0 im) 1

Khi thy phn khng hon ton mt peptit A c khi lng phn t 293 thu c 2 peptit B v C. Mu 0,472 gam peptit B phn ng va vi 18 ml dung dch HCl 0,222 M khi un nng v mu 0,666 gam peptit C phn ng va vi 14,7 ml dung dch NaOH 1,6% (khi lng ring l 1,022 g/ml) khi un nng. Xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn A, bit rng khi thy phn hon ton A thu c hn hp 3 amino axit l glyxin, alanin v phenyl alanin. Cu 6: (1,0 im) un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH; 1 mol CH 3COOH v 2 mol C2H5OH c H2SO4 c xc tc toC (trong bnh kn dung tch khng i) n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,6 mol HCOOC 2H5 v 0,4 mol CH3COOC2H5. Nu un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH, 3 mol CH 3COOH v a mol C2H5OH iu kin nh trn n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,8 mol HCOOC2H5. Tnh a. S GIO DC O TO NAM NH Cu I: (3,5 im) 1. Cho s phn ng sau: t0C Y+Z+T 1) X
t C A+Z+T 3) P B+Y+T 5) Q + Ca(OH)2
0

K THI HC SINH GII LP 12 THPT NM HC 2011 2012

P + Q 2) X + NaCl(bo ha) A+T 4) P + NaOH

D + NaOH 6) A + Ca(OH)2 D + NaOH + T P 7) P + Ca(OH)2 8) Z + T + A Bit X, Y, Z, T, P, Q, A, B, D l cc cht v c khc nhau. Xc nh X, Y, Z, T, P, Q, A, B, D v hon thnh cc phng trnh ha hc trong s trn. 2. Cho cc dung dch ring bit sau: Na 2CO3, NaHSO4, FeCl3, NaAlO2 (Na[Al(OH)4]). Trn cc dung dch trn vi nhau tng i mt. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra di dng phn t v ion thu gn. 3. Mt mu khong vt X c thnh phn v khi lng ca cc nguyn t l: 8,228% K; 5,696% Al; 67,511% O; 5,063% H v cn li l thnh phn ca mt nguyn t R. Xc nh cng thc ca X. Cu II. (2,5 im) 1. Cho 4 cht hu c A, B, D, E u mch h c cng cng thc phn t C 3H6O. Trnh by phng php ha hc nhn bit 4 cht hu c trn. 2. Mt cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C6H8Oz, mch h, ch cha mt loi nhm chc trong phn t. Thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca O trong X l 44,44%. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va thu c mt mui R v 1 cht hu c Z. Cho R tc dng vi HCl thu c cht hu c Y l ng phn ca Z. Tm cng thc cu to ca X, Y, Z v vit cc phng trnh phn ng. Cu III: (2,0 im) ho tan hon ton 11,4 gam hn hp E gm Mg v kim loi M c ho tr khng i cn va V lt dung dch HNO3 0,5M thu c 0,896 lt (ktc) hn hp kh gm N 2 v N2O c t khi hi so vi H 2 l 16 v dung dch F. Chia dung dch F lm hai phn bng nhau. em c cn phn 1 thu c 23,24 gam mui khan. Phn 2 cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 4,35 gam kt ta trng. Xc nh kim loi M v tm V. Cu IV: (2 im) Cho 0,3 mol hn hp X gm 2 este n chc tc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 2M un nng, thu c hp cht hu c no mch h Y v 37,6 gam hn hp hai mui hu c c khi lng hn km nhau 11,6 gam. Hp cht Y c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc, t chy hon ton Y ri cho sn phm hp th ht vo bnh cha dung dch nc vi trong (Ca(OH) 2) d, thy khi lng bnh tng 24,8 gam. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca 2 este. UBND TNH BC NINH THI CHN HC SINH GII CP TNH S GIO DC V O TO NM HC 2011 2012 CU 1. (4 IM) 1.Mt hp cht X c to thnh t cc ion X+, Y2-. Trong ion X+ c 10 e v gm 5 ht nhn ca hai nguyn t. Trong ion Y2- c 4 ht nhn ca hai nguyn t thuc cng mt chu k v ng cch nhau mt trong BTH. Tng s e trong ion Y2- l 32. Hy xc nh cc nguyn t trong hp cht Z v lp cng thc ha hc ca Z. 2. Ha tan mt s mui cacbonat ( trung ha vo nc ta c dung dch A v cht rn B. Ly mt it dung dch A t nng nhit cao thy ngn la mu vng; ly mt t dung dch A cho tc dng vi dung dch xt ( un nh) thy bay ra mt cht kh lm xanh giy qu t. Ha tan cht rn B bng dung dch H2SO4 long d thau c dung 2

dch C, kt ta D v kh E. Cho kt ta D tc dng vi NaOH c thy tan mt phn kt ta. Cho dung dch C tc dng vi xt d c dung dch F v kt ta G b ha nu hon ton trong khng kh. Cho t t dung dch HCl vo dung dch F thy xut hin kt ta trng tan trong HCl d. Hi hn hp ban u c cha mui cacbonat g? (cc mui thng thng i vi HS THPT). Vit phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng. Cu II ( 3 im) Cho 9,1 g hn hp X gm c Al v Cu tc dng vi dung dch hn hp gm 2 axit H2SO4 v HNO3 c un nng, axit ly d 10% so vi lng cn thit. Thy thu c 6,72 lit ktc hn hp kh Y mu nu gm 2 kh c dY/H2 = 29 v dung dch Z ch c mui ca hai kim loi v axit d. a. Vit phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng dng ion thu gn. b. Tnh phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp X v tnh khi lng mui trong dung dch Z. c. Nh t t dung dch NaOH nng aM vo Z thy khi th tch dung dch NaOH l 600 ml th khi lng kt ta t cc i. Tnh a v khi lng kt ta thu c khi th tch NaOH cho vo l 656,4 ml Cu III ( 3 im). Phn st amoni c cng thc (NH4)aFe(SO4)b.nH2O. Ha tan 1,00 g mu phn st vo 100ml H2O, ri chia dung dch thu c thnh hai phn bng nhau. Thm dung dch NaOH d vo phn mt v un si dung dch. Lng NH3 thot ra phn ng va vi 10,37 ml dung dch HCl 0,100 M. Dng km kim loi kh ht Fe3+ phn hai thnh Fe2+. oxi ha ion Fe2+ thnh ion Fe3+ tr li, cn 20,74 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,0100 M trong mi trng axit. a. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng dng ion thu gn v xc nh cng thc ca phn st amoni. b. Gii thch ti sao cc phn khi tan trong nc u to mi trng axit? Cu IV ( 3,0 im). 1. So snh nhit si ca cc cht trong mi dy sau ( gii thch ngn gn) a. C6H6, C6H5OH, C6H5CH3, C6H5CH2CH3. b. CH3SH, C2H5OH, CH3OH. c. o-HOC6H4CHO ( andehit o hidroxibenzoic) v p- HOC6H4CHO ( andehit p- hidroxibenzoic). d. Cs CH3CH=CH-Cl v trans CH3CH=CH-Cl 2. T C2H2 v cc ha cht v c cn thit, lp s tng hp cc cht sau: a. 1,1 icloetan b. Butan 1,4 iol c. xiclohexen d. Axit Lactic ( axit 2- hidroxi propanoic). Cu V ( 3,0 im). A l hp cht hu c cha cc nguyn t C, H, O. Cho m gam cht A tc dng ht vi 1 lit dung dch NaOH 1,2 M ri c cn dung dch thu c 85,8 g cht rn B v m1 gam ancol C. Cho C i qua H2SO4 c, un nng thu c mt anken duy nht. Oxi ha m1 gam ancol C bng oxi ( c xc tc) c hn hp X. Chia X thnh ba phn theo t l khi lng 3:2:1. - Phn I. Cho tc dng vi AgNO3 d trong NH3 thu c 32,4 g Ag kt ta. - Phn II cho tc dng vi NaHCO3 d c 2,24 lit kh ktc. - Phn III cho tc dng vi Na va c 2,24 lit ktc v 12,9 g cht rn khan. a. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca ancol C v tnh thnh phn % v s mol C b oxi ha. b. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A. Cu VI ( 4 im). 1. Trong phng th nghim c 7 dung dch v cht lng mt nhn, ring bit gm NH4HCO3, Ba(HCO3)2, C6H5ONa, C6H6, C6H5NH2, C2H5OH v K [Al(OH)4)]. Hy trnh by cch nhn bit cc dung dch v cht lng trn bng mt dung dch ch cha mt cht tan. 2. C mt mu dung dch axit propionic b ln axit axetic, pha long 10 g dung dch ny thnh 100 ml dung dch A. Gi tr pH ca dung dch A bng 2,91 . trung ha 20 ml dung dch A cn dng 17,6 ml dung dch NaOH 0,125M. Tnh nng phn trm ca cc axit trong dung dch ban u, bit : KCH3COOH = 1,75.10-5 v KC2H5COOH = 1,34.10-5. S GIO DC V O TO BC GIANG THI CHN HC SINH GII CP TNH NM HC 2011-2012

Cu 1 (4,0 im). 1. Cho A, B, C, D, E l cc mui v c c gc axit khc nhau. Xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D, E v vit phng trnh ho hc hon thnh cc phn ng sau: A + B + H2O c kt ta v c kh thot ra; C + B + H2O c kt ta trng keo. D + B + H2O c kt ta v kh; A + E c kt ta. E + B c kt ta; D + Cu(NO3)2 c kt ta (mu en). 2. Hn hp X gm hirocacbon A v H2. un nng X vi xc tc Ni thu c kh Y duy nht. T khi hi ca Y so vi H2 gp 3 ln t khi hi ca X so vi H2. t chy hon ton mt lng khc ca Y thu c 22 gam CO2 v 13,5 gam H2O. 3

a) Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A. b) T cht A, cc cht v c cn thit v iu kin c , hy vit phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng iu ch axit lactic (axit 2-hiroxipropanoic). Cu 2 (4,0 im). 1. Cho t bo n v ( mng c s) lp phng tm din ca tinh th kim loi X (hnh bn), co cnh a = 3,62.10-8 cm v khi lng ring ca X bng 8920 kg/m3. a) Tnh th tch ca cc nguyn t trong mt t bo n v v phn trm th tich ca t bao b chim bi cc nguyn t. Gi thit trong tinh th cc nguyn t X c hnh cu. b) Xc nh tn nguyn t X. 2. Cho 3,9 gam hn hp M gm hai kim loi X, Y c ho tr khng i ln lt l II v III vo dung dch H 2SO4 long (d), sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch A v 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc). a) Tnh khi lng mui trong A. b) Cho 3,9 gam hn hp M tc dng va vi V lt dung dch HNO 3 1M, sau phn ng thu c 0,84 lt kh B duy nht (ktc) v dung dch C. C cn cn thn dung dch C c 29,7 gam mui khan. Tm cng thc phn t ca B v tnh gi tr ca V? Cu 3 (4,0 im). 1. Cho 3,64 gam hn hp A gm oxit, hiroxit v mui cacbonat trung ha ca mt kim loi M c ha tr II tc dng va vi 117,6 gam dung dch H2SO4 10%. Sau phn ng thu c 448 ml kh CO2 (ktc) v dung dch X cha mt mui duy nht. Dung dch X c c nng phn trm v nng mol ln lt l 10,876% v 0,545M. Khi lng ring ca dung dch X l 1,093 g/ml. a) Xc nh tn kim loi M. b) Tnh % khi lng ca cc cht c trong hn hp A. 2. Ch dng cht ch th phenolphtalein, hy phn bit cc dung dch ng trong cc l ring bit b mt nhn: NaHSO4, Na2CO3, AlCl3, Fe(NO3)3, NaCl, Ca(NO3)2. Vit cc phng trnh ho hc minh ha di dng ion thu gn. Cu 4 (4,0 im). Cho 2,76 gam cht hu c A (ch cha C, H, O v c cng thc phn t trng vi vi cng thc n gin nht) tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (va ), sn phm thu c em lm bay ht hi nc, phn cht rn khan cn li l hai mui ca natri c khi lng 4,44 gam. Nung nng hai mui ny trong oxi (d), sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 3,18 gam Na2CO3; 2,464 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 0,9 gam H2O. a) Tm cng thc phn t v vit cng thc cu to ca A tha mn cc tnh cht trn. b) Cht B l mt ng phn ca A, khi cho B tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH hoc vi lng d dung dch NaHCO3 to ra sn phm khc nhau ln lt l C7H4Na2O3 v C7H5NaO3. Vit cng thc cu to ca B v phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng xy ra. Cu 5 (4,0 im). 1. Thm dung dch NH3 ti d vo dung dch cha 0,5 mol AgNO3 ta c dung dch M. Sc t t 3 gam kh X (X l hp cht hu c) vo dung dch M ti phn ng hon ton, c dung dch N v 43,2 gam kt ta Q. Thm t t dung dch HI ti d vo dung dch N thu c 23,5 gam kt ta mu vng v V lt kh Y (ktc). Tm cng thc ca X v tnh gi tr ca V? 2. un nng hn hp gm axit axetic v etanol c H2SO4 c lm xc tc toC (trong bnh kn dung tch khng i) n khi phn ng t n trng cn bng th hng s cn bng KC = 4. a) Khi un nng hn hp gm 1 mol axit axetic, 1 mol etanol v 1 mol metanol, iu kin nh trn n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,86 mol H2O. Tnh s mol ca mi cht trong hn hp trng thi cn bng. b) Nu un nng hn hp gm 1 mol axit axetic v a mol metanol cng iu kin nh trn n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,8 mol metyl axetat. Tnh gi tr ca a? S Gio dc v o to Hng Yn K thi chn hc sinh gii cp tnh nm hc 2009 - 2010

Cu I. (1,50 im) Khi lng ring ca nhm clorua khan (trng thi hi) o 200 0C v 8000C, trong cng p sut kh quyn ln lt l 6,9 g/dm3 v 1,5 g/dm3. 1. Xc nh phn t khi ca nhm clorua mi nhit trn. Bit rng, hng s kh R = 0,082 l.atm/mol.K. 2. Vit cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca nhm clorua mi nhit trn. Cu II. (2,00 im) 1. Dung dch X gm CH3COOH 0,1 M v CH3COONa 0,1 M. a. Tnh pH ca dung dch X. b. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c sau khi: 4

- Thm 0,001 mol HCl vo 1 lt dung dch X. - Thm 0,001 mol NaOH vo 1 lt dung dch X. Bit rng: Ka (CH3COOH) = 10-4,76 ; KW (H2O) = 10-14 c. C nhn xt g v s bin i pH ca dung dch sau khi thm HCl v NaOH ? 2. C hin tng g xy ra nu trn 5,00 ml dung dch H 2C2O4 0,040 M vi 5,00 ml dung dch SrCl2 0,080 M ? Bit rng: KW (H2O) = 10-14 ; K a1 (H2C2O4) = 10-1,25; K a 2 (H2C2O4) = 10-4,27. Tch s ion Ks(SrC2O4) = 10-6,4. Cu III. (1,50 im) C cc dung dch sau: Bari hiroxit, ch axetat v magie sunfat. 1. Chn hai thuc th m mi thuc th c dng c th phn bit c cc cation trong cc dung dch trn. 2. Chn mt thuc th c dng c th phn bit c cc anion trong cc dung dch trn. 3. Chn hai thuc th m mi thuc th c dng c th phn bit c cc dung dch trn. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng (nu c) gii thch. Bit rng: S thu phn ca cc ion trong dung dch khng ng k; thuc th cc trng hp trn l nhng cht khc nhau. Cu IV. (1,50 im) 1. Cho cc s chuyn ho sau:
,P a. (CH3)2CHCH2COOH Br X NH Y
2 3

, Pt b. (CH3)2CHCOCOOH NH M H N C H CO H H O K I H c. CH2=CH-CH=CH2 G t, Vit cng thc cu to cc sn phm hu c X, Y, M, N, G, I, K. 2. T metan v cc ha cht cn thit, hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng to ra C6H5-N=N-C6H4-N(CH3)2. Cu V. (2,00 im) Cho a gam hn hp gm 2 amino axit no, cha 1 nhm amino (NH 2) v 1 nhm cacboxyl (COOH) tc dng vi 110 ml dung dch HCl 2M, thu c dung dch A. tc dng ht vi cc cht trong dung dch A cn dng 140 ml dung dch KOH 3M. Mt khc, t chy hon ton a gam hn hp 2 amino axit trn v cho ton b sn phm chy qua bnh ng dung dch NaOH d, thy khi lng bnh tng thm 32,8 gam. Bit rng, t chy amino axit th nit to thnh dng n cht. 1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca 2 amino axit trn. Bit rng, t l phn t khi ca 2 amino axit l 1,373. 2. Tnh % s mol ca mi amino axit trong hn hp u. Cu VI. (1,50 im) Phn tch nguyn t trong hp cht hu c A ch cha C, H, O, trong C chim 71,006% v H chim 10,059%. 1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A. Bit rng, phn t khi ca A l 338 u. 2. Thc nghim cho bit: A tc dng vi axit to thnh este; hiro ha A c xc tc Pd to thnh hp cht X; X cng tc dng vi axit to thnh este; oxi ha X bng KMnO 4 to thnh CO2 v mt axit icacboxylic c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh. Hy a ra mt cng thc cu to ph hp c th c ca X v A vi cu trc i xng v mch cacbon khng phn nhnh. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng gii thch. S GD&T Ho Bnh thi chn hc sinh gii lp 12 tHPT tnh ho bnh, Nm hc 2009-2010
3 2 6 5 3
0 2
3 +

Cu I (3,25 im) 1. a) Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng sau: MnO2 + HCl Kh A; FeS + HCl Kh B Na2SO3 + HCl Kh C; NH4HCO3 + NaOH Kh D b) Cho kh A tc dng vi kh D; cho kh B tc dng vi kh C; cho kh B tc dng vi kh A trong nc. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. 5

2. Ha tan hon ton hn hp Fe v Fe 2O3 bng dung dch HCl (d) c dung dch X. Cho dung dch KMnO4 (d) vo dung dch X, c dung dch Y, sau tip tc cho dung dch H2SO4 long (d) vo dung dch Y thy dung dch mt mu tm. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Cu II (4 im) 1. Cho cc cp oxi ho kh sau: Fe2+/Fe, Fe3+/Fe2+, Ag+/Ag, Zn2+/ Zn. a) Hy sp xp cc cp oxi ha kh trn theo trt t ca dy in ha. b) Xt cc phn ng c th xy ra trong cc trng hp sau: - Cho Fe vo dung dch AgNO3. - Cho Zn vo dung dch Fe2(SO4)3. 2. Cho bit hin tng v vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi cho Ba vo cc dung dch: NaCl, (NH4)2SO4, CuSO4. 3. Vit cc ng phn hnh hc ca Hepta-2,4-ien v gi tn cc ng phn . Cu III : (2 im) 1. Nguyn t Y c s oxi ho dng cao nht l m0, s oxi ho m thp nht l m H cng mt chu k vi nguyn t clo. S oxi ho dng cao nht ca clo l n0, tho mn iu kin n0 = 1,4 m0 . Hp cht Z c to bi hai nguyn t Y v clo trong Y c s oxi ho cao nht. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca Z, gii thch s hnh thnh lin kt ho hc trong phn t Z. 2. Cho cc dung dch ring bit mt nhn sau: Na 2SO4, AlCl3, FeSO4, NaHSO4, FeCl3. Ch dng dung dch K2S nhn bit cc dung dch trn ngay ln th u tin. Vit cc phng trnh ho hc minh ha. Cu IV (5,25 im) 1. Hai cht A, B c cng cng thc phn t C 5H12, tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l mol 1:1 c chiu sng th A ch to ra 1 dn xut monoclo duy nht, B to ra 4 dn xut monoclo. Vit cng thc cu to ca A, B v dn xut clo. 2. Mt hp cht A c cng thc phn t C 6H6 khi tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 to ra hp cht B. Khi lng mol phn t ca B ln hn ca A l 214 vc. Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn A theo danh php IUPAC. 3. Cho s phn ng sau C D A B CH4 F CH4 D E

Mi ch ci ng vi mt cht hu c, mi mi tn 1 phn ng, ch c dng thm cc cht v c; xc tc cn thit vit phng trnh phn ng thc hin s trn. 4.Thy phn hon ton 0,5 mol peptit (A) th thu c cc - amino axit l: 1,5 mol Glyxin, 0,5 mol Alanin, 0,5 mol Valin. Khi thy phn khng hon ton (A), ngoi thu c cc amino axit th cn thy c 2 ipeptit: Ala-Gly; Gly- Ala v 1 tripeptit Gly-Gly-Val. a) Hy vit cng thc cu to cc - amino axit. b) Hy xc nh trnh t cc -amino axit trong A. Cu V (2,5 im) Cho hn hp gm a mol FeS 2 v b mol Cu2S tc dng va vi dung dch HNO 3 th thu c dung dch A (ch cha 2 mui sunfat) v 26,88 lt hn hp kh Y gm NO 2 v NO iu kin tiu chun ( l nhng sn phm kh duy nht), t khi ca Y so vi H 2 l 19. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi Ba(OH) 2 d th thu c kt ta E. Nung E n khi lng khng i th thu c m gam cht rn. 1.Tnh % theo th tch cc kh ? 2.Tnh gi tr m? Cu VI. (3 im) Mt hp cht B cha C, H, O c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht. Khi phn tch a gam B thy tng khi lng cacbon v hidro trong l 0,46 gam. t chy hon ton a gam B cn 0,896 lt O 2 (ktc). Sn phm chy dn qua bnh ng dung dch NaOH d, thy khi lng bnh tng 1,9 gam. 1. Tnh gi tr a v cng thc phn t B. 2. Xc nh cng thc cu to B bit khi cho a gam B tc dng vi Na c kh hidro bay ra. Cn khi cho a gam B tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH 0,1M th s mol NaOH cn dng bng s mol H2 bay ra trn v cng bng s mol B phn ng. 6

Tnh th tch kh H2 bay ra trn (ktc) v th tch dung dch NaOH dng. S GD&T NGH AN K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH LP 12 NM HC 2011 - 2012
CHNH THC

Cu 1 (6,0 im). 1. Xc nh trng thi lai ha ca P trong PCl3, PCl5 v cho bit dng hnh hc ca cc phn t . 2. Ha tan 0,01 mol PCl3 vo nc thu c 1 lt dung dch X. Tnh pH ca dung dch X. Cho hng s 2 7 axit ca H3PO3 l : K a1 = 1,6.10 , K a2 = 7,0.10 3. Sc kh H2S vo dung dch cha CuCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3, NH4Cl (mi cht c nng 0,1M) ti d thu c kt ta A v dung dch B. Tip tc sc t t NH 3 n d vo dung dch B. Vit phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng (c th xy ra) di dng ion rt gn. 4. Cho cn thn kim loi Ca vo dung dch HNO 3 long thu c dung dch X cha hai cht tan v hn hp Y gm 2 kh khng mu, khng ha nu trong khng kh. Cho dung dch X tc dng vi Al d c dung dch Z v hn hp kh T cng cha 2 kh khng mu, khng ha nu trong khng kh. Dung dch Z tc dng vi dung dch Na2CO3 to thnh kt ta G. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc xy ra (nu c). Cu 2 (4,0 im). 1. X l dung dch Al2(SO4)3, Y l dung dch Ba(OH)2. Trn 200ml dung dch X vi 300ml dung dch Y thu c 8,55 gam kt ta. Trn 200ml dung dch X vi 500ml dung dch Y thu c 12,045 gam kt ta. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch X v Y. 2. Ha tan 2,56 gam Cu vo 25,20 gam dung dch HNO 3 nng 60% thu c dung dch A. Thm 210 ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo dung dch A. Sau khi phn ng kt thc, em c cn hn hp thu c cht rn X. Nung X n khi lng khng i c 17,40 gam cht rn Y. Tnh nng % ca dung dch A. Cu 3 (4,0 im). 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng (di dng cng thc cu to) theo s sau: + Br2 + ddAgNO3 / NH 3 ddHCl CH OH , xt ,t O ,Cu ,t + ddNaOH,t 0 F + C3H6 E + A D G (a chc) B + 2. M, N, P c cng thc phn t C6H8Cl2O4 u mch h tha mn : + ddNaOH ,t 0 C6H8Cl2O4 Mui + CH3CHO + NaCl + H2O Xc nh cng thc cu to ca M, N, P v vit phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng. 3. Khi ng trng hp buta1,3ien vi stiren, ngoi cao su BunaS cn c mt s sn phm ph, trong c cht A m khi hiro ha hon ton cht A thu c cht B (ixiclohexyl). Vit phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng to thnh cao su BunaS, A v B di dng cng thc cu to. Cu 4 (1,5 im). Hp cht A c cng thc phn t C 3H7O2N. Bit A c tnh cht lng tnh, phn ng vi HNO 2 gii phng N2, phn ng vi C2H5OH/ HCl to thnh hp cht B (C5H12O2NCl). Cho B tc dng vi dung dch NH3 thu c cht D (C5H11O2N). Khi un nng A thu c hp cht bn c cng thc phn t C 6H10O2N2. Hy vit phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng di dng cng thc cu to. Cu 5 (4,5 im). 1. Hn hp X gm hai cht hu c no, mch h A, B (cha C, H, O). Trong phn t u c hai nhm chc trong cc nhm OH, CHO, COOH. Ly m gam hn hp X tc dng va vi 200ml dung dch AgNO 3 1M trong NH3 d lc tt c lng Ag+ u chuyn ht thnh Ag. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 34,6 gam hn hp hai mui amoni. Cho ton b lng mui ny tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH thu c 9,856 lt kh duy nht 27,30C, 1 atm. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A, B v tnh phn trm khi lng ca cc cht A, B trong hn hp X. 2. un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH, 1 mol CH 3COOH v 2 mol C2H5OH c H2SO4 c xc tc toC (trong bnh kn dung tch khng i) n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,6 mol HCOOC 2H5 v 0,4 mol CH3COOC2H5. Nu un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH, 3 mol CH 3COOH v a mol C2H5OH iu kin nh trn n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,8 mol HCOOC2H5. Tnh gi tr ca a. S Gio dc v o to K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH HI DNG Hi Dng Lp 12 THPT nm hc 2010 2011 ========= ================== Mn thi : Ha hc CHNH THC Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht ( thi gm 02 trang)
2 0 3 0

Cu 1: (2 im) 1. Cho cc l mt nhn ng cc dung dch sau: MgCl 2, FeCl3, ZnSO4, AlCl3, CuCl2, FeCl2. Chn mt thuc th, hy trnh by phng php phn bit cc dung dch trn. 2. Trn 3 dung dch axit HCl 0,2M; HNO 3 0,1M v H2SO4 0,15M vi th tch bng nhau thu c dung dch A. Cho V ml dung dch B (cha NaOH 0,2 M v Ba(OH) 2 0,05M) vo 400 ml dung dch A thu c (V + 400) ml dung dch D (c pH = 13) v m gam kt ta. Tnh V, m? 3. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng: a. CaOCl2 + HCl b. NO2 + KOH c. KMnO4 + HCl d. H2S + FeCl3 Cu 2: (2 im) 1. Hp cht A c cng thc phn t C 2H8N2O3. Cho 2,16 gam A tc dng vi dng vi dung dch NaOH un nng (va ) c dung dch B v kh D c mi c trng. Vit cng thc cu to c th c ca A v tnh khi lng mui c trong B. 2. Sp xp cc cht sau theo chiu tng dn tnh axit (c gii thch): CH3COOH, C6H5OH, C6H5CH2OH, ClCH2COOH, C2H5OH, p-CH3C6H4OH. 3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng (ghi r iu kin) iu ch cao su Buna (poli buta-1,3-dien) t metan v t tinh bt (cc cht v c, cc iu kin c ). Cu 3: (2 im) 1. Cho 360 ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo 500 ml dung dch AlCl 3 aM, thu c 3m gam kt ta. Mt khc, cho 480 ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo 500 ml dung dch AlCl3 aM thu c 2m gam kt ta. Tnh a? 2. A v B l cc hp cht hu c mch h cha C, H, O u c khi lng phn t l 58 .v.C. Cho 8,7 gam hn hp X (gm A v B) tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d trong NH3 thu c 45,36 gam kt ta. Xc nh cng thc cu to c th c ca A, B v tnh phn trm khi lng mi cht trong X. Cu 4: (2 im) Cho m gam hn hp X (gm Fe3O4 v Cu) vo 500 ml dung dch HNO 3 aM c dung dch Y; 4,48 lt (ktc) hn hp kh Z (gm NO v NO2, dZ/H2 = 19) v 6 gam mt kim loi khng tan. Cho dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch Y, lc tch kt ta v nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i c 80 gam cht rn T. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. a. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. b. Tnh a v phn trm khi lng cc cht trong X. Cu 5: (2 im) Cho m gam hn hp A gm hai cht hu c (X v Y, M X < My) tc dng va vi 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c dung dch cha hn hp mui (R1COONa v R2COONa) v ancol ROH (trong R1, R2, R l cc gc hidrocacbon, tng s cacbon trong R1 v R bng s cacbon trong R2). Cho ancol thu c tc dng vi Na d thu c 1,68 lit H2 (ktc). 8 e. FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4

t chy hon ton 5,42 gam A trong oxi d ri dn sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh 1 ng P 2O5, bnh 2 ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 4,14 gam; bnh 2 c 28 gam kt ta. Mt khc, cho 10,84 gam A tc dng vi lng KOH va thu c 10,64 gam hn hp mui. a. Tm cng thc cu to ca ROH b. Xc nh CTCT c th c ca X, Y v phn trm khi lng ca chng trong A.