BAI TP ANCOL TRONG DE TUYEN SINH DAI HOC

Cu 2 (Cu 20 -DH-10-A):Hn hp M gm ancol no, n chc X v axit cacboxylic n chc Y, u

mch h v c cng snguyn t C, tng s mol ca hai cht l 0,5 mol (s mol ca Y ln hn s mol
ca X). Nu t chy hon ton M th thu c 33,6 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 25,2 gam H2O. Mt khc, nu
un nng M vi H2SO4 c thc hin phn ng este ho (hiu sut l 80%) th s gam este thu
c l
A. 22,80
.
B. 34,20.
C. 27,36.
D. 18,24
Cu 3 (Cu 27-DH-10-A):t chy hon ton m gam hn hp 3 ancol n chc, thuc cng dy
ng ng, thu c 3,808 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam H2O. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,42.
B. 5,72.
C. 4,72.
D. 7,42.
Cu 4 (Cu 38 -DH-10-A):Oxi ho ht 2,2 gam hn hp hai ancol n chc thnh anehit cn va
4,8 gam CuO. Cho ton b lng anehit trn tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu
c 23,76 gam Ag. Hai ancol l:
A. CH3OH, C2H5CH2OH.
B. CH3OH, C2H5OH. C. C2H5OH, C3H7CH2OH. D.
C2H5OH,
C2H5CH2OH
Cu 5 (Cu 44-DH-10-A):T 180 gam glucoz, bng phng php ln men ru, thu c a gam
ancol etylic (hiu sut 80%). Oxi ho 0,1a gam ancol etylic bng phng php ln men gim, thu
c hn hp X. trung ho hn hp X cn 720 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Hiu sut qu trnh ln
men gim l A. 90%.
B. 10%.
C. 80%.
D. 20%.
Cu 6 (Cu 59-DH-10-A):Tch nc hn hp gm ancol etylic v ancol Y ch to ra 2 anken. t chy
cng s mol mi ancol th lng nc sinh ra t ancol ny bng 5/3 ln lng nc sinh ra t ancol
kia. Ancol Y l
A. CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3. B. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH.
C. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH.
D. CH3CH(OH)-CH3.
Cu 7 (Cu 2-DH-10-B):t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp X gm 2 ancol (u no, a chc,
mch h, c cng s nhm -OH) cn va V lt kh O2, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 v 12,6 gam H2O
(cc th tch kh o ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 11,20.
B. 4,48.
C. 14,56.
D. 15,68
Cu 8 (Cu 10-DH-10-B):Hn hp X gm 1 ancol v 2 sn phm hp nc ca propen. T khi hi ca
X so vi hiro bng 23. Cho m gam X i qua ng s ng CuO (d) nung nng. Sau khi cc phn ng
xy ra hon ton, thu c hnhp Y gm 3 cht hu c v hi nc, khi lng ng s gim 3,2 gam.
Cho Y tc dng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, to ra 48,6 gam Ag. Phn
trm khi lng ca propan-1-ol trong X l A. 16,3%.
B. 83,7%.
C. 65,2%.
D. 48,9%.
Cu 9 (Cu 12-DH-10-B):Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C6H10O4.Thu phn X
to ra hai ancol n chc c
s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t gp i nhau. Cng thc ca X l
A. C2H5OCO-COOCH3. B. CH3OCO-CH2-COOC2H5.
C. CH3OCO-CH2-CH2-COOC2H5.
D.
CH3OCO-COOC3H7.
Cu 10 (Cu 43-DH-10-B): Hn hp M gm axit cacboxylic X, ancol Y (u n chc, s mol X gp
hai ln s mol Y) v este Z c to ra t X v Y. Cho mt lng M tc dng va vi dung dch cha
0,2 mol NaOH, to ra 16,4 gam mui v 8,05 gam ancol. Cng thc ca X v Y l
A. HCOOH v C3H7OH.
B. CH3COOH v CH3OH.
C. HCOOH v CH3OH.D.
CH3COOH
v
C2H5OH.
Cu 11 (Cu 50-DH-10-B):C bao nhiu cht hu c mch h dng iu ch 4-metylpentan-2-ol
ch bng phn ng cng H2(xc tc Ni, t0):
A. 5. B. 2. C. 4. D. 3.
Cu 12 (Cu 56 -DH-10-B): t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm ba ancol (n chc, thuc
cng dy ng ng), thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. Mt khc, nu un nng m
gam X vi H2SO4 c th tng khi lng ete ti a thu c l
A. 5,60 gam.B.
6,50
gam. C. 7,85 gam. D. 7,40 gam.
Cu 13 (Cu 19-CD-10-A):Cho 10 ml dung dch ancol etylic 46o phn ng ht vi kim loi Na (d),
thu c V lt kh H2 (ktc). Bit khi lng ring ca ancol etylic nguyn cht bng 0,8 g/ml. Gi tr
ca V l
A. 4,256.
B. 0,896.
C. 3,360
.D. 2,128
Cu 14 (Cu 55-CD-10-A): Cho 4,6 gam mt ancol no, n chc phn ng vi CuO nung nng, thu
c 6,2 gam hn hp X gmanehit, nc v ancol d. Cho ton b lng hn hp X phn ng hon
ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 16,2.
B. 43,2.
C. 10,8.
D. 21,6.
Cu 15(Cu 10-DH-09-A): Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng
ng. t chy hon ton hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol
l

A. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3
.B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
C. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2.
D.C2H4(OH)2v 3H6(OH)2.
Cu 16(Cu 19-DH-09-A): Khi t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h
thu c V lt kh CO2 ( ktc)v a gam H2O. Biu thc lin h gia m, a v V l
Cu 17 (Cu 33 -DH-09-A): un nng hn hp hai ancol n chc, mch h vi H2SO4 c, thu
c hn hp gm cc ete. Ly 7,2 gam mt trong cc ete em t chy hon ton, thu c 8,96
lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v 7,2 gam H2O. Hai ancol l
A. C2H5OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH.B. C2H5OH v CH3OH. C. CH3OH v C3H7OH.
D. CH3OH v
CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
Cu 18 (Cu 43 -DH-09-A):t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h cn va 17,92 lt
kh O2 ( ktc). Mt khc,nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH)2 th to thnh dung
dch c mu xanh lam. Gi tr ca m v tn gi ca X tng ng lA. 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol.
B.
4,9 v propan-1,2-iol. C. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol.
D. 4,9 v glixerol.
Cu 19 (Cu 17-DH-09-B):Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol X phn ng va ht vi a lt dung dch
NaOH 1M. Mt khc nu cho amol X phn ng vi Na (d) th sau phn ng thu c 22,4a lt kh H2
( ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3-C6H3(OH)2 .B. HO-C6H4-COOCH3.
C. HO-CH2-C6H4-OH.
D. HO-C6H4-COOH.
Cu 20 (Cu 21-DH-09-B): Cho cc hp cht sau :(a) HOCH2-CH2OH
(b) HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH
(c) HOCH2-CH(OH)-CH2OH (d) CH3-CH(OH)-CH2OH
(e) CH3-CH2OH
(f) CH3O-CH2CH3
Cc cht u tc dng c vi Na, Cu(OH)2 l
A. (c), (d), (f)
B. (a), (b), (c)
C. (a),
(c), (d) D. (c), (d), (e)
Cu 21 (Cu 50-DH-09-B): t chy hon ton 1 mol hp cht hu c X, thu c 4 mol CO2. Cht X
tc dng c vi Na, tham gia phn ng trng bc v phn ng cng Br2 theo t l mol 1 : 1. Cng
thc cu to ca X l
A. HOOC-CH=CH-COOH
B. HO-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CHO
C. HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CHO D. HOCH2-CH=CH-CHO
Cu 22 (Cu 59-DH-09-B): Hn hp X gm hai ancol no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy
ng ng. Oxi ho hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp X c khi lng m gam bng CuO nhit thch
hp, thu c hn hp sn phm hu c Y. Cho Y tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong
NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 15,3
B. 8,5
C. 8,1
D. 13,5
Cu 23 (Cu 36-CD-09-A): Oxi ho m gam etanol thu c hn hp X gm axetanehit, axit axetic,
nc v etanol d. Cho ton b X tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO3 (d), thu c 0,56 lt kh CO2 (
ktc). Khi lng etanol b oxi ho to ra axit l
A. 1,15 gam. B. 4,60 gam. C. 2,30 gam. D. 5,75 gam.
Cu 24 (Cu 48-CD-09-A): Ln men hon ton m gam glucoz thnh ancol etylic. Ton b kh CO2
sinh ra trong qu trnh ny c
hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d) to ra 40 gam kt ta. Nu hiu sut ca qu trnh ln men
l 75% th gi tr ca m l
A. 60. B. 58. C. 30. D. 48
Cu 25 (Cu 2-DH-08-A):Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng tc dng vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn Z v mt hn hp
hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H2 l 13,75). Cho ton b Y phn ng vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3)
trong dung dch NH3 un nng, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 7,8. B. 8,8. C. 7,4. D.
9,2.
Cu 26 (Cu 21-DH-08-A):
Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ru (ancol) n chc X th thu c kt
qu: tng khi lng cacacbon v hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng phn ru (ancol)
ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l A. 3. B. 4. C. 2. D. 1.
Cu 27 (Cu 42-DH-08-A):Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol),
sn phm chnh thu c l
A. 3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en). B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).
C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en). D. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).
Cu 28 (Cu 53-DH-08-A):Lng glucoz cn dng to ra 1,82 gam sobitol vi hiu sut 80% l
A. 2,25 gam B. 1,80 gam. C. 1,82 gam. D. 1,44 gam
Cu 29 (Cu 10-DH-08-B) :Khi lng ca tinh bt cn dng trong qu trnh ln men to thnh 5
lt ru (ancol) etylic 460 l
(bit hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 72% v khi lng ring ca ru etylic nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml):
A. 5,4 kg
B. 5,0 kg
C. 6,0 kg
D. 4,5 kg
Cu 30 (Cu 18-DH-08-B) : un nng mt ru (ancol) n chc X vi dung dch H2SO4 c trong
iu kin nhit thch hp sinh ra cht hu c Y, t khi hi ca X so vi Y l 1,6428. Cng thc phn
t ca Y l
A. C3H8O
B. C2H6O
C. CH4O
D. C4H8O

Cu 31 (Cu 31-CD-08-A): t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng

k tip ca nhau, thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc
dng vi Na (d), thu c cha n 0,15 mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca X, Y l:
A. C2H6O2, C3H8O2.
B. C2H6O, CH4O.
C. C3H6O, C4H8O.
D. C2H6O, C3H8O
Cu 32 (Cu 37-CD-08-A):
t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) a chc, mch h X, thu c
H2O v CO2 vi t l s mol tng ng l 3:2. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H6O2. B.
C2H6O.
C. C3H8O2. D. C4H10O2.
Cu 33 (Cu 10-DH-07-A):
Cho 15,6 gam hn hp hai ancol (ru) n chc, k tip nhau trong
dy ng ng tc dng ht vi 9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn. Hai ancol l (cho H = 1,
C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. C3H5OH v C4H7OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. CH3OH v
C2H5OH.
Cu 34 (Cu 33-DH-07-A): Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol (ru) etylic vi hiu sut 81%.
Ton b lng CO2 sinh rac hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 550 gam kt ta
v dung dch X. un k dung dch X thu thm c 100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 550.
B. 810.
C. 650.
D. 750.
Cu 35 (Cu 16-DH-07-B): Cho m gam mt ancol (ru) no, n chc X qua bnh ng CuO (d),
nung nng. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, khi lng cht rn trong bnh gim 0,32 gam. Hn hp hi
thu c c t khi i vi hiro l 15,5. Gi tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C =12, O = 16)
A. 0,64.
B. 0,46.
C. 0,32.
D. 0,92
Cu 36 (Cu 35-DH-07-B): X l mt ancol (ru) no, mch h. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn
5,6 gam oxi, thu c hi nc
v 6,6 gam CO2. Cng thc ca X l (cho C = 12, O = 16) A. C3H7OH.
B. C3H6(OH)2. C.
C3H5(OH)3.
D. C2H4(OH)2.
Cu 37 (Cu 14-CD-07-A):t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s
mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Th tch kh oxi cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu
c ( cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H8O3 .B. C3H4O. C. C3H8O2. D. C3H8O.
Cu 38 (Cu 32-CD-07-A):Hp cht hu c X (phn t c vng benzen) c cng thc phn t l
C7H8O2, tc dng c vi Na v vi NaOH. Bit rng khi cho X tc dng vi Na d, s mol H2 thu
c bng s mol X tham gia phn ng v Xch tc dng c vi NaOH theo t l s mol 1:1. Cng
thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. C6H5CH(OH)2.
B. HOC6H4CH2OH.
C.
CH3C6H3(OH)2.
D. CH3OC6H4OH.
Cu 39 (Cu 43-CD-07-A): C bao nhiu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phn
cu to ca nhau m phn t ca
chng c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 68,18%? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16)
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.