Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.

046

BI GII CHI TIT THI TUYN SINH I HC KHI A, A1 NM 2013

Mn thi : VT L Ban C Bn M : 426 (Thi gian lm bi : 90 pht)
LI M U:
Ngy thi hm nay khp li mt k thi y cam go, nhng cng cha ng nhiu th v. Trong phm
vi kin thc ca mnh, ti dn gii chi tit thi nm nay nh mt s trao i vi ng nghip, vi cc bn
hc sinh. V vy rt mong nhn c s gp , trao i bn thn c tin b. Chc cc ng nghip
lun mnh khe, dy tt. Chc cc em hc sinh thu c nhiu iu b ch qua cuc tho lun ny.
Mi trao i, gp xin gi v a ch:
+ Email: thuanvatly@gmail.com + T: 0982.947.046
+ Blog: http://thuanvatly.wordpress.com
+ Website: http://trungtam958laclongquan.wordpress.com
Nhn chung thi nm nay khng c kh nng phn loi hc sinh tt hn thi cc nm 2010, 2011 v
2012. Vi s lng cu RT d nhiu v cu RT kh cng nhiu hn mi nm do kh i hi c
mt ph im p. C th nh sau:
+ Cp (l thuyt): 8 cu, (cc cu: 3, 15, 16, 25, 35, 38, 41, 42).
+ Cp (bi tp c bn): 17 cu, (cc cu: 2,4,6,8,9,17,23,29,31,33,34,43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 50).
+ Cp (bi tp vn dng): 7 cu, (cc cu: 11, 18, 20, 32, 37, 40, 49).
+ Cp (bi tp kh): 11 cu, (cc cu: 13, 14, 19, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 36, 39, 48).
+ Cp (bi tp rt kh): 7 cu, (cc cu: 1, 5, 7, 10, 12, 21, 27).
Nh vy c th thy tng 5 cho HS (ch cn cn thn). HS kh cng d dng c c 7 im,
nhng cao hn th hi kh (i vi c HS gii). S cu kh v l nm nay nhiu hn nn im cao mn
L l xa x ri! Vi cch ra nh nm nay tuy gy bt mn vi cc bn hc sinh gii (v c cc thy c
on chch t J) nhng li phn no lm hi lng cc hc sinh trung bnh v kh. Ch c iu, i th
ca th sinh li khng phi thi nn d hay kh cng nh hng khng nhiu n t l u ca th sinh.
Ti ch xin chc cc th sinh may mn! J
Sau y l li gii chi tit.
I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
Cu 1: t in p u = U 0 cos wt (V) (vi U 0 v w khng i) vo hai u on mch gm cun dy khng
thun cm mc ni tip vi t in c in dung C (thay i c). Khi C = Co th cng dng in
p
trong mch sm pha hn u l j1 ( 0 < j1 < ) v in p hiu dng hai u cun dy l 45V. Khi C = 3Co
2
p
th cng dng in trong mch tr pha hn u l j2 = - j1 v in p hiu dng hai u cun dy l
2
135V. Gi tr ca U0 gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 95V.
B. 75V.
C. 64V.
D. 130V.
/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh
/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

Ucd

Hng dn: Khi thay i in dung t in t C = Co n C = 3Co th:

+ ZC gim 3 ln.
+ Nhng Ucd tng 3 ln I tng 3 ln.

Ucd

UC = I.ZC khng i. T ta c gin vc t nh bn.

Xt tam gic vung UOU cn ti O, c cnh UU = 90V

O
90

U = 45 2 V Uo = 90 V
U
45
UC

Cu 2: Trong mt th nghim Y-ng v giao thoa nh sng, bc sng nh sng n sc l 600 nm, khong
cch gia hai khe hp l 1 mm. Khong cch t mt phng cha hai khe n mn quan st l 2 m. Khong
vn quan st c trn mn c gi tr bng
A. 1,2 mm
B. 1,5 mm
C. 0,9 mm
D. 0,3 mm
Hng dn: i =

lD
= 1, 2mm
a

Cu 3: Trong th nghim Y-ng v giao thoa nh sng, nu thay nh sng n sc mu lam bng nh sng
n sc mu vng v gi nguyn cc iu kin khc th trn mn quan st
A. khong vn khng thay i
B. khong vn tng ln
C. v tr vn trung tm thay i
D. khong vn gim xung
lD
khong vn tng
a
Cu 4: Sng in t c tn s 10 MHz truyn trong chn khng vi bc sng l
A. 60m
B. 6 m
C. 30 m
D. 3 m

Hng dn: vng > lam m khong vn i =

Hng dn: Bc sng in t trong chn khng: l =

c 3.108
=
= 30(m)
f 10.106

Cu 5: t in p u = 120 2 cos 2pft (V) (f thay i c) vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm cun

cm thun c t cm L, in tr R v t in c in dng C, vi CR2 < 2L. Khi f = f1 th in p hiu
dng gia hai u t in t cc i. Khi f = f2 = f1 2 th in p hiu dng gia hai u in tr t cc
i. Khi f = f3 th in p hiu dng gia hai u cun cm t cc i ULmax. Gi tr ca ULmax gn gi tr
no nht sau y?
A. 173 V
B. 57 V
C. 145 V
D. 85 V.

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh

/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

Hng dn: Ta c: U Lmax =

U.f 22
f -f
4
2

4
1

m f 2 = f1 2

U Lmax =

120.2
= 80 3 V
4 -1

Cu 6 : Mt vt nh dao ng iu ha dc theo trc Ox vi bin 5 cm, chu k 2 s. Ti thi im t = 0,

vt i qua cn bng O theo chiu dng. Phng trnh dao ng ca vt l
p
p
A. x = 5 cos(pt - ) (cm)
B. x = 5 cos(2pt - ) (cm)
2
2
p
p
C. x = 5 cos(2pt + ) (cm)
D. x = 5 cos(pt + )
2
2
Cu 7: Ni hai cc ca mt my pht in xoay chiu mt pha vo hai u on mch A, B mc ni tip
gm in tr 69,1, cun cm thun c t cm L v t in c in dung 176,8F. B qua in tr thun
ca cc cun dy ca my pht. Bit rto my pht c hai cp cc. Khi rto quay u vi tc n1 = 1350
vng/pht hoc n2 = 1800 vng/pht th cng sut tiu th ca on mch AB l nh nhau. t cm L c
gi tr gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 0,8 H.
B. 0,7 H.
C. 0,6 H.
D. 0,2 H.
Hng dn: Cng sut nh nhau cng nh nhau, m:

I=

( NBS) = 0
1
2L 1

2
+ R2 2 +L 4 2
wC
C w
2I2
2

NBSw
1

2 R 2 + wL
wC

Nu c 2 gi tr 1 v 2 cho cng cng sut th:

1
1
2L

+ 2 = C2
- R 2 vi w = 2pf = 2p.n.p
2
w1 w2
C

Thay s ta c: L 0,477 H
Cu 8 : Mt vt nh dao ng iu ha theo mt qu o thng di 12 cm. Dao ng ny c bin l
A. 3 cm.
B. 24 cm.
C. 6 cm.
D. 12 cm.
Cu 9: Mt ht c khi lng ngh m0. Theo thuyt tng i, khi lng ng (khi lng tng i tnh)
ca ht ny khi chuyn ng vi tc 0,6 c (c l tc nh sng trong chn khng) l
A. 1,25 m0.
B. 0,36 m0
C. 1,75 m0
D. 0,25 m0
Hng dn: Khi lng tng i tnh: m =

mo

mo

= 1, 25m o
v2
1 - 0, 62
1- 2
c
Cu 10: Mt con lc l xo gm vt nh c khi lng 100g v l xo c cng 40 N/m c t trn mt
phng ngang khng ma st. Vt nh ang nm yn v tr cn bng, ti t = 0, tc dng lc F = 2N ln vt
p
nh (hnh v) cho con lc dao ng iu ha n thi im t = s th ngng tc
3
dng lc F. Dao ng iu ha ca con lc sau khi khng cn lc F tc dng c
gi tr bin gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 9 cm.

B. 11 cm.

C. 5 cm.

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh

/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

D. 7 cm.

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

Hng dn: Con lc n dao ng iu ha vi ngoi lc F khng i th chu k dao ng khng i

F 2
= 0, 05m = 5cm
nhng v tr cn bng khng phi O m l v tr O c ta : x o = =
k 40
A = 5cm

Thi im ban u vt v tr O Bin v chu k dao ng ca vt l:

m p
= s
T = 2 p
k 10

Sau t =

p 10T
T
A
wA 3 20.5. 3
=
= 3T + vt n v tr
= 2,5cm v c vn tc v =
=
= 50 3 cm/s
3
3
3
2
2
2

Khi khng cn lc tc dng, vt s dao ng quanh v tr cn bng l O

Lc ta ca vt l: x = 7,5 cm cn vn tc khng i.

O
T/3

Bin mi l:

A = x2 +

50 3
v2
2
=
7,5
+
w2
202

x = 7,5cm
2

= 5 3 8, 66 cm

Cu 11: t in p u = 220 2 cos100p t (V) vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr

R = 100W , t in c C =
on mch l

1
10-4
F v cun cm thun c L = H. Biu thc cng dng in trong
2p
p

A. i = 2, 2 2 cos 100p t + (A)

4

C. i = 2, 2 cos 100p t + (A)

4

Hng dn: Dng my tnh: i =

B. i = 2, 2 cos 100p t - (A)

4

D. i = 2, 2 2 cos 100p t - (A)

4

u
220 20
p
=
= 2, 2
Z 100 + (100 - 200 ) i
4

Cu 12: Gi s mt v tinh dng trong truyn thng ang ng yn so vi mt t mt cao xc nh

trong mt phng Xch o Tri t; ng thng ni v tinh vi tm Tri t i qua kinh s 0. Coi Tri
t nh mt qu cu, bn knh l 6370 km, khi lng l 6.1024 kg v chu k quay quanh trc ca n l 24
gi; hng s hp dn G = 6,67.10-11 N.m2/kg2. Sng cc ngn (f > 30 MHz) pht t v tinh truyn thng n
cc im nm trn Xch o Tri t trong khong kinh no nu di y?
A. T kinh 79020 n kinh 79020T. B. T kinh 83020T n kinh 83020.
C. T kinh 85020 n kinh 85020T.
D. T kinh 81020T n kinh 81020.
Hng dn: Bn knh qu o v tnh xc nh t: r =

G.M.T 2
4, 23.107 m
4p 2

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh

/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

R 6370.103
T suy ra: cosa = =
a 81,3o = 81o 20
7
r 4, 23.10

V tinh

Cu 13: Mt ngun pht sng dao ng iu ha to ra sng trn ng tm O truyn trn mt nc vi

bc sng l. Hai im M v N thuc mt nc, nm trn hai phng truyn sng m cc phn t nc ang
dao ng. Bit OM = 8l, ON = 12l v OM vung gc vi ON. Trn on MN, s im m phn t nc
dao ng ngc pha vi dao ng ca ngun O l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 7.
Hng dn: iu kin ngc pha vi ngun sng:

Ti M:

d
=8
l

Ti N:

d
1
= k + = s bn nguyn.
l
2

d
= 12
l

Ti P (OP l ng cao tam gic MON):

d
= 6, 656
l

Vy s ngc pha trn on MN = 1 im trn MP + 5 im trn NP = 6 im.

Cu 14: Gi M, N, I l cc im trn mt l xo nh, c treo thng ng im O c nh. Khi l xo c
chiu di t nhin th OM = MN = NI = 10cm. Gn vt nh vo u di I ca l xo v kch thch vt
dao ng iu ha theo phng thng ng. Trong qu trnh dao ng, t s ln lc ko ln nht v
ln lc ko nh nht tc dng ln O bng 3; l xo gin u; khong cch ln nht gia hai im M v N l
12 cm. Ly p2 = 10. Vt dao ng vi tn s l
A. 2,9 Hz.
B. 3,5 Hz.
C. 1,7 Hz.
D. 2,5 Hz.
Hng dn: T s:

Fdhmax Dlo + A
=
=3
Fdhmin Dlo - A

Khong cch ln nht gia hai im MN bng 12 gin cc i ca l xo l 6cm Dlo + A = 6

T suy ra: Dlo - A = 2 lo = 4cm v A = 2cm Tn s dao ng l: f =
Cu 15: Ht nhn c ht khi cng ln th c
A. nng lng lin kt cng nh .
C. nng lng lin kt ring cng ln.

1
g
= 2,5Hz
2p Dlo

B. nng lng lin kt cng ln.

D. nng lng lin kt ring cng nh

Cu 16: Khi ni v phtn, pht biu no di y ng?

A. Nng lng ca phtn cng ln khi bc sng nh sng ng vi phtn cng ln.
B. Phtn c th tn ti trong trng thi ng yn.
C. Vi mi nh sng n sc c tn s f xc nh, cc phtn u mang nng lng nh nhau.
D. Nng lng ca phtn nh sng tm nh hn nng lng ca phtn nh sng .

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh

/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

Cu 17: Trn mt si dy n hi di 1m, hai u c nh, ang c sng dng vi 5 nt sng (k c hai u
dy). Bc sng ca sng truyn trn y l
A. 1m.
B. 1,5m.
C. 0,5m.
D. 2m.
Hng dn: Hai u c nh, vi 5 nt sng 4 b l = 4

l
= 0,5 m.
2

Cu 18: t in p u = 220 2 cos100p t (V) vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr 20W,

cun cm thun c t cm

0,8
10-3
H v t in c in dung
F. Khi in p tc thi gia hai u in
p
6p

tr bng 110 3 V th in p tc thi gia hai u cun cm c ln l

A. 330V.

C. 440 3 V.

B. 440V.
2

D. 330 3 V.

u u
Hng dn: uR vung pha vi uL nn: L + R = 1
U oL U oR
M: U oL =

Uo
U
220 2
220 2
.ZL =
.80 = 880V ; U oR = o .ZL =
.20 = 220V ; u R = 110 3V u L = 440V
Z
Z
20 2
20 2

Cu 19: Hai mch dao ng in t l tng ang c dao ng in t t do. in tch ca t in trong
2
2
-17
mch dao ng th nht v th hai ln lt l q1 v q2 vi: 4q1 + q 2 = 1,3.10 , q tnh bng C. thi
im t, in tch ca t in v cng dng in trong mch dao ng th nht ln lt l 10-9C v 6mA,
cng dng in trong mch dao ng th hai c ln bng
A. 4 mA.
B. 10 mA.
C. 8 mA.
D. 6 mA.
Hng dn: T d kin: 4q12 + q 22 = 1,3.10-17 . Ta o hm theo thi gian c: 8q1q1 + 2q 2q2 = 0
M: q=i 8q1i1 + 2q 2i 2 = 0

8q1i1 + 2q 2i 2 = 0

Ta c h:

2
1

2
2

4q + q = 1,3.10

-17

Thay q1 = 10-9C, i1 = 6mA i2 = 8mA.

Cu 20: Mt l phn ng phn hch c cng sut 200 MW. Cho rng ton b nng lng m l phn ng
ny sinh ra u do s phn hch ca 235U v ng v ny ch b tiu hao bi qu trnh phn hch. Coi mi
nm c 365 ngy; mi phn hch sinh ra 200 MeV; s A-v-ga-r NA=6,02.1023 mol-1. Khi lng 235U
m l phn ng tiu th trong 3 nm l
A. 461,6 kg.
B. 461,6 g.
C. 230,8 kg.
D. 230,8 g.
Hng dn: Ta c: P.t =

m
.N A .E . Thay s: P = 200MW = 200.106 W; t = 3nm = 94608000 (s);
M

E = 200MeV = 3,2.10-11J m = 230,8 kg.

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh

/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

Cu 21: Trong mt th nghim v giao thoa sng nc, hai ngun sng kt hp O1 v O2 dao ng cng
pha, cng bin . Chn h ta vung gc Oxy (thuc mt nc) vi gc ta l v tr t ngun O1
cn ngun O2 nm trn trc Oy. Hai im P v Q nm trn Ox c OP = 4,5 cm v OQ = 8cm. Dch chuyn

ngun O2 trn trc Oy n v tr sao cho gc PO

2 Q c gi tr ln nht th phn t nc ti P khng dao
ng cn phn t nc ti Q dao ng vi bin cc i. Bit gia P v Q khng cn cc i no khc.
Trn on OP, im gn P nht m cc phn t nc dao ng vi bin cc i cch P mt on l
A. 1,1 cm.
B. 3,4 cm.
C. 2,5 cm.
D. 2,0 cm.
8 4,5
tan - tan
x
x = 3,5

Hng dn: Ta c: tan(PO 2 Q) = tan( - ) =

(Vi x = O1O2)
=
1 - tan.tan 1 - 8 . 4,5 x - 8.4,5
x x
x

x=
Theo c si: tan(PO
2 Q) c gi tr ln nht khi

8.4,5 = 6 cm .

Mt khc: Ti P khng dao ng cn phn t nc ti Q dao ng vi bin cc i v gia P v Q khng

1
Dd P
=
k
+
l
2
cn cc i no khc
Dd Q = k
l
M ti P:

Dd P 7,5 - 4,5 3
=
= ;
l
l
l

Dd P Dd Q 1
=
l
l
2
O2

ti Q:

Dd Q
l

10 - 8

2
l

O1

3 2 1
- = l = 2cm
l l 2
Ti P:

Dd P 3
Dd
= = 1,5 im gn P nht trn on OP dao ng cc i c:
=2
l
l
l

d 2 - d1 = 2l = 4cm

T ta c h:

d - d = 36
2
2

2
1

d = 6,5cm
2
d1 = 2,5cm

Vy im cn tm cch P l: 4,5 2,5 = 2 cm.

Cu 22: Dng mt ht a c ng nng 7,7 MeV bn vo ht nhn

14
7

N ang ng yn gy ra phn ng

a +147 N 11 p +17
8 O . Ht prtn bay ra theo phng vung gc vi phng bay ti ca ht a. Cho khi
lng cc ht nhn: ma = 4,0015u; mP = 1,0073u; mN14 = 13,9992u; mO17=16,9947u. Bit 1u = 931,5
MeV/c2. ng nng ca ht nhn 17
8 O l
A. 2,075 MeV.
B. 2,214 MeV.
C. 6,145 MeV.
D. 1,345 MeV.

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh

/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

K + E = K p + K O
mO K O = m p K p + m K

Hng dn: p dng bo ton nng lng v bo ton ng lng ta c h:

Vi E = m + m N - m p - mO c 2 = - 1,21 MeV
Gii h c: KO = 2,075 MeV
Cu 23: Gii hn quang in ca mt kim loi l 0,75 mm. Cng thot lectron ra khi kim loi ny bng
A. 2,65.10-19J.
B. 26,5.10-19J.
C. 2,65.10-32J.
D. 26,5.10-32J.

Hng dn: Cng thot: A =

hc 1,9875.10-25
=
= 2,65.10-19 J
o
0,75.10-6

Cu 24: t in p u = U0coswt (U0 v w khng i) vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr R,

t in c in dung C, cun cm thun c t cm L thay i c. Khi L = L1 v L =L2; in p hiu
dng hai u cun cm c cng gi tr; lch pha ca in p hai u on mch so vi cng
dng in ln lt l 0,52 rad v 1,05 rad. Khi L = L0; in p hiu dng gia hai u cun cm t cc i;
lch pha ca in p hai u on mch so vi cng dng in l j. Gi tr ca j gn gi tr no
nht sau y?
A. 1,57 rad.
B. 0,83 rad.
C. 0,26 rad.
D. 0,41 rad.
Hng dn: p dng max =

1 + 2
= 0,785 rad
2

Cu 25: Tia no sau y khng phi l tia phng x?

A. Tia g.
B. Tia b+.
C. Tia a.

D. Tia X.

Cu 26: Cc mc nng lng ca cc trng thi dng ca nguyn t hir c xc nh bng biu thc

En = -

13,6
(eV) (n = 1, 2, 3,). Nu nguyn t hir hp th mt phtn c nng lng 2,55 eV th bc
n2

sng nh nht ca bc x m nguyn t hir c th pht ra l

A. 1,46.10-8 m.
B. 1,22.10-8 m.
C. 4,87.10-8m.

D. 9,74.10-8m.

Hng dn: Nng lng ph tn hp th l 2,55eV ng vi s chuyn mc t L M, v:

E 3 - E 2 = (-0,85) - (-3,4) = 2,55 eV

Vy, bc sng nh nht l: l 31 =

hc
1,9875.10-25
=
=9,74.10 -8 m
-19
E 3 - E1 12,75.1,6.10

Cu 27: Mt sng hnh sin ang truyn trn mt si dy theo chiu dng ca trc Ox. Hnh v m t hnh
dng ca si dy ti thi im t1 (ng nt t) v t2 = t1 + 0,3 (s) (ng lin nt). Ti thi im t2, vn
tc ca im N trn y l
A. 65,4 cm/s.
B. -65,4 cm/s.
C. -39,3 cm/s.
D. 39,3 cm/s.
/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh
/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

Hng dn: Theo th:

+ Bin sng: A = 5cm.
+ Khong cch gia hai nh sng l 40cm = 40 cm.
+ NO = 35cm N chm pha hn O mt lng Dj =

2pd 2p.35 7p
=
=
l
40
4

Thi im ban u, O v tr cn bng v ang i xung N u = Sau

A 2
v ang i xung.
2

3T
3T
th N mi ti v tr cn bng
= 0,3s w = 2,5p rad/s
8
8

Thi im t2, N ang v tr cn bng v = vmax = .A = 2,5..5 39,3 cm/s.

Cu 28: t vo hai u cun s cp ca my bin p M1 mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 200V.
Khi ni hai u cun s cp ca my bin p M2 vo hai u cun th cp ca M1 th in p hiu dng
hai u cun th cp ca M2 h bng 12,5 V. Khi ni hai u cun th cp ca M2 vi hai u cun th
cp ca M1 th in p hiu dng hai u cun s cp ca M2 h bng 50 V. B qua mi hao ph. M1 c
t s gia s vng dy cun s cp v s vng dy cun th cp bng
A. 6.
B. 15.
C. 8.
D. 4.
Hng dn: - i vi my M1:

N1
U
200
= 1 =
N2
U2 U2

- Khi ni cun s cp ca M2 vo cun th cp ca M1 ( U1 =U 2 ):

N1
U
U2
= 1 =
(1)

N2
U2
12,5

- Khi ni cun th cp ca M2 vi cun th cp ca M1 ( U2 =U 2 ):

N2
U
U
= 2 = 2 (2)
N1
U1
50

Nhn (1) v (2) v theo v ta c:

U2 U2
N
U
200
.
= 1 U 2 = 25V 1 = 1 =
=8
50 12,5
N2
U2
25

Cu 29: Mt khung dy dn phng, dt, hnh ch nht c din tch 60 cm2, quay u quanh mt trc i
xng (thuc mt phng ca khung) trong t trng u c vect cm ng t vung gc vi trc quay v c
ln 0,4 T. T thng cc i qua khung dy l
A. 2,4.10-3 Wb.
B. 1,2.10-3Wb.
C. 4,8.10-3Wb.
D. 0,6.10-3Wb.
Hng dn: o = NBS = 1.60.10-4 .0,4 = 2,4.10-3 Wb
Cu 30: in nng c truyn t ni pht n mt khu dn c bng ng dy mt pha vi hiu sut
truyn ti l 90%. Coi hao ph in nng ch do ta nhit trn ng dy v khng vt qu 20%. Nu cng
sut s dng in ca khu dn c ny tng 20% v gi nguyn in p ni pht th hiu sut truyn ti
in nng trn chnh ng dy l
A. 85,8%.
B. 87,7%.
C. 89,2%.
D. 92,8%.
/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh
/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

P - P
Hng dn: Hiu sut truyn ti: H =
P

P
= (1 - H )

P
P - P = H.P

Cng sut s dng in (tiu th) tng 20% P2 - P2 = 1,2 ( P1 - P1 ) (*). T suy ra:
1) H 2 P2 = 1,2H1P1 H 2 = 1,08

P1
( cho H1 = 0,9).
P2

2) Chia hai v (*) cho P2 ta c: 1 -

P2
H .P
P
= 1,2 1 1 . t 1 = x v ch rng:
P2
P2
P2

P2
P2
P2
P P P
P 0,1
= 22
= 2 . 1 = 2 (1 - H1 ) = 0,1 2 =
P1
P1
P2
P1 P1
P1
P1
x

Ta c phng trnh: 1 -

0,1
= 1,08x 1,08x 2 - x + 0,1 = 0
x

x 0,114
H 12,3%

2
H2 = 87,7% (hiu sut phi ln hn 80%)
x 0,812
H 2 87,7%

Cu 31: Bit bn knh Bo l r0 = 5,3.10-11m. Bn knh qu o dng M trong nguyn t hir bng
A. 84,8.10-11m.
B. 21,2.10-11m.
C. 132,5.10-11m.
D. 47,7.10-11m.
Hng dn: Bn knh qu o M (n = 3): r3 = n 2 .ro = 9.5,3.10-11 = 4,77.10-10 m
Cu 32: Hai con lc n c chiu di ln lt l 81 cm v 64 cm c treo trn mt cn phng. Khi cc
vt nh ca hai con lc ang v tr cn bng, ng thi truyn cho chng cc vn tc cng hng sao cho
hai con lc dao ng iu ha vi cng bin gc, trong hai mt phng song song vi nhau. Gi Dt l
khong thi gian ngn nht k t lc truyn vn tc n lc hai dy treo song song nhau. Gi tr Dt gn gi
tr no nht sau y?
A. 8,12s.
B. 2,36s.
C. 7,20s.
D. 0,45s.
Hng dn: Chn gc thi gian lc chng bt u chuyn ng t v tr cn bng, chiu dng cng chiu
10

1 = o cos( 9 t - 2 )
chuyn ng, phng trnh dao ng gc ca hai con lc l:
= cos( 5 t - )
2 o
4
2
10

Hai con lc song song 1 = 2 cos(

t - )= cos( t - ) t 0,424 (s)
9
2
4
2
Cu 33: Mt vt nh dao ng iu ha theo phng trnh x = A cos4pt (t tnh bng s). Tnh t t=0, khong
thi gian ngn nht gia tc ca vt c ln bng mt na ln gia tc cc i l
A. 0,083s.
B. 0,125s.
C. 0,104s.
D. 0,167s.

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh

/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

Hng dn: Lc t = 0, vt bin dng Khong thi gian ngn nht gia tc bng na cc i (ti v
A
tr x = ) l: T/6 = 0,083 (s)
2
Cu 34: Hai dao ng u ha cng phng, cng tn s c bin ln lt l A1 =8cm, A2 =15cm v lch
p
pha nhau . Dao ng tng hp ca hai dao ng ny c bin bng
2
A. 7 cm.
B. 11 cm.
C. 17 cm.
D. 23 cm.
Hng dn: Hai dao ng thnh phn vung pha A = A12 +A 22 = 17 cm
Cu 35: Gi l nng lng ca phtn nh sng ; L l nng lng ca phtn nh sng lc; V l nng
lng ca phtn nh sng vng. Sp xp no sau y ng?
A. > V > L
B. L > > V
C. V > L >
D. L > V >
Cu 36: Hin nay urani t nhin cha hai ng v phng x 235 U v 238 U , vi t l s ht 235 U v s ht
7
238
. Bit chu k bn r ca 235 U v 238 U ln lt l 7,00.108 nm v 4,50.109 nm. Cch y bao
U l
1000
3
nhiu nm, urani t nhin c t l s ht 235 U v s ht 238 U l
?
100
A. 2,74 t nm.
B. 2,22 t nm.
C. 1,74 t nm.
D. 3,15 t nm.
1

Hng dn: T l s ht:

N1 N 01 2- t /T1 N 01 - t T1 - T2
=
=
.2
N 2 N 02 2- t /T2 N 02

7
3 - t T1 - T2
=
.2
1000 100

t = 1, 74.109 (nm)

Cu 37: Trn mt ng thng c nh trong mi trng ng hng, khng hp th v phn x m, mt

my thu cch ngun m mt khong d thu c m c mc cng m l L; khi dch chuyn my thu ra
xa ngun m thm 9 m th mc cng m thu c l L 20 (dB). Khong cch d l
A. 8 m
B. 1 m
C. 9 m
D. 10 m
Hng dn: Ta c R :

1
10

R2
10L1

=
R1
10L2

d+9
= 10L1 - L2
d

d+9
= 102
d

d = 1m

Cu 38: Trong chn khng, nh sng c bc sng ln nht trong s cc nh sng n sc: , vng lam,
tm l
A. nh sng tm
B. nh sng
C. nh sng vng.
D. nh sng lam.
Cu 39: on mch ni tip gm cun cm thun, on mch X v t in (hnh v). Khi t vo hai u
A, B in p u AB = U0 cos(wt + j) (V) (U0, v khng i) th: LCw2 = 1 , U AN = 25 2V v
p
U MB = 50 2V , ng thi u AN sm pha so vi u MB . Gi tr ca U0 l
3
A. 25 14V
B. 25 7V
C. 12,5 14V
D. 12,5 7V

Hng dn: V LCw2 = 1 u L = - u C u AB = u X

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh
/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

Mt khc: u X =

u AN + u MB
=
2

50

p
+ 1000
3
= 25 70,33 Uo = 25 7 V
2

Cu 40: Mt vt nh khi lng 100g dao ng iu ha vi chu k 0,2 s v c nng l 0,18 J (mc th
nng ti v tr cn bng); Ly p2 = 10 . Ti li 3 2 cm, t s ng nng v th nng l
A. 3
B. 4
C. 2
D.1
1
A 2
Hng dn: W= mw2 A 2 A = 6cm Li x = 3 2 =
ng nng bng th nng.
2
2
Cu 41 : Khi ni v quang ph vch pht x, pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Quang ph vch pht x ca mt nguyn t l mt h thng nhng vch sng ring l, ngn cch nhau
bi nhng khong ti.
B. Quang ph vch pht x do cht rn hoc cht lng pht ra khi b nung nng.
C. Trong quang ph vch pht x ca nguyn t hir, vng nh sng nhn thy c bn vch c trng
l vch , vch lam, vch chm v vch tm.
D. Quang ph vch pht x ca cc nguyn t ho hc khc nhau th khc nhau.

Cu 42: Mt mch LC l tng ang thc hin dao ng in t t do. Bit in tch cc i ca t in l
q0 v cng dng in cc i trong mch l I0. Ti thi im cng dng in trong mch bng 0,5I0
th in tch ca t in c ln l:
q 2
q 5
q 3
q
A. 0
B. 0
C. 0
D. 0
2
2
2
2
Cu 43: Cho khi lng ca ht prtn, ntrn v ht nhn teri 21 D ln lt l 1,0073u; 1,0087u v
2,0136u. Bit 1u= 931,5MeV / c2 . Nng lng lin kt ca ht nhn 21 D l:
A. 2,24 MeV
B. 4,48 MeV
C. 1,12 MeV
D. 3,06 MeV
Hng dn: DE = ( m p + m n - m D ) .931,5 = 2, 24MeV
Cu 44: Mt vt nh dao ng iu ha vi bin 4cm v chu k 2s. Qung ng vt i c trong 4s
l:
A. 8 cm
B. 16 cm
C. 64 cm
D. 32 cm
Cu 45: Mt con lc n c chiu di 121cm, dao ng iu ha ti ni c gia tc trng trng g. Ly
p2 = 10 . Chu k dao ng ca con lc l:
A. 1s
B. 0,5s
C. 2,2s
D. 2s
Cu 46: Gi s mt ngun sng ch pht ra nh sng n sc c tn s 7,5.1014Hz. Cng sut pht x ca
ngun l 10W. S phtn m ngun sng pht ra trong mt giy xp x bng:
A. 0,33.1020
B. 2,01.1019
C. 0,33.1019
D. 2,01.1020
Hng dn: n =

P P
10
=
=
= 2, 01.1019
e hf 6, 625.10-34.7,5.1014

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh

/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh

Ths. Nguyn ng Thun ______________________________________________________________ 0982.947.046

Cu 47: t in p u=U0cos 100pt - (V) vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr, cun cm

12

v t in c cng dng in qua mch l i = I0 cos 100pt + (A). H s cng sut ca on mch
12

bng:
A. 1,00
B. 0,87
C. 0,71
D. 0,50
3
p p
Hng dn: cosj = cos ( ju - ji ) = cos - - =
12 12 2
Cu 48: Thc hin th nghim Y- ng v giao thoa vi nh sng n sc c bc sng . Khong cch gia
hai khe hp l 1mm. Trn mn quan st, ti im M cch vn trung tm 4,2mm c vn sng bc 5. Gi c
nh cc iu kin khc, di chuyn dn mn quan st dc theo ng thng vung gc vi mt phng cha
hai khe ra xa cho n khi vn giao thoa ti M chuyn thnh vn ti ln th hai th khong dch mn l 0,6
m. Bc sng bng
A. 0,6 mm
B. 0,5 mm
C. 0,4 mm
D. 0,7 mm

Hng dn: T x = k

lD
a

k:

1
k
D
1 = 2
D
k 2 D1

Lc u vn sng bc 5 k1 = 5.
Lc sau chuyn thnh vn ti ln th hai k2 = 3,5 (D tng th k gim)

5
D + 0, 6
= 1
D1 = 1, 4m
3,5
D1

lD1
x.a
4, 2.1
l=
=
= 0, 6mm
a
k1D1 5.1, 4
Cu 49: Trong mt th nghim v giao thoa sng nc, hai ngun sng kt hp dao ng cng pha ti hai
im A v B cch nhau 16cm. Sng truyn trn mt nc vi bc sng 3cm. Trn on AB, s im m
ti phn t nc dao ng vi bin cc i l
A. 10
B. 11
C. 12
D. 9
Thay vo x = k1

AB
Hng dn: S cc i: n =
.2 + 1 = 11
l
Cu 50: t in p xoay chiu u=U 2 cos wt (V) vo hai u mt in tr thun R=110 th cng
dng in qua in tr c gi tr hiu dng bng 2A. Gi tr ca U bng
A. 220V
B. 220 2 V
C. 110V
D. 110 2 V
Hng dn: U = I.R = 2.110 = 220V
HT.

/c 1: 213/13 Nguyn Vn C Phng 3 Qun 5 TP H Ch Minh

/c 2: 958/10/6 Lc Long Qun Phng 8 Qun Tn Bnh TP H Ch Minh