Top 100 bi hng dn JOOMLA (tutorial)

Add new content: Thm ni dung (bi vit, tin...) mi. Content Items Manager: Qun l cc ni dung c sn (to thm, sa, xa, di chuyn...). Staitc Content Manager: Qun l cc ni dung tnh (cc ni dung ny thng t thay i). Frontpage Manager: Qun l ni dung ca trang ch (cc ni dung ny s hin th trn trang ch). Section Manager: Qun l cc Section (to thm, sa, xa...) Category Manager: Qun l cc Category (to thm, sa, xa...) Media Manager: Qun l cc File hnh nh (ti hnh ln Web Site, sao chp, xa...) Trash Manager: Qun l cc ni dung, Menu b xa. Cc ni dung hoc Menu sau khi xa s c a vo y, ni y bn c th phc hi li hoc xa trit cc thnh phn ny. Menu Manager: Qun l cc Menu ca Web Site (thm bt, sa, xa...) Language manager: Qun l cc ngn ng cho Web Site, bn s chn ngn ng hin th trn cc trang Web. User Manager: Qun l danh sch cc thnh vin ca Web Site, trong c qui nh chc nng, quyn hn ca cc thnh vin. Global Configuration: Cu hnh cc chc nng chnh cho Web Site.

Cc menu ca Admin:
Home: Trang ch ca Admin. Site: Trong c cc phn qun l Site nh Control Panel, ngoi ra cn c thm Template manager (Qun l Template), Preview (Xem trc cc thay i trong Back-end trn Front-end). Menu: Qun l cc Menu. Content: Qun l ni dung ca Web Site, Content by Section (qun l ni dung theo tng Section, category), All Content (qun l tt c cc ni dung), Archive manager (qun l lu tr ni dung), Page Impression Statistics (thng k cc ni dung c xem). Components: Qun l v cu hnh hot ng cho cc Component. Modules: Qun l cc Module (Mod) tren Web Site, Site Modules l cc Mod ca Front-end v Administrator Modules l cc Mod ca Back-end. Mambots: Qun l cc Mambot ca Web Site. Installers: Ci t thm hoc b bt cc Template, Language, Com, Mod, Mambot cho Web Site. Messages: Qun l vic gi th n cc thnh vin ca Web Site. System: Kim tra, thng tin ca Web Site. Logged: Cc thnh vin ng nhp vo Web Site. Components: Cc Com trn Web Site.

Popular: Cc ni dung c xem nhiu nht. Latest Items: Cc ni dung mi nht. Menu Stats: Cc Menu trn Web Site.

To Category:
Trong Control Panel chn Category Manager. Trong Category Manager chn New. Trong Category: New [Content:]:

- Category Title: Ta ca Category, y l phn hin th trn trang Web, c th khc Category Name. - Category Name: Tn ca Category, y l tn qun l Category, c th khc Category Title. - Section: Chn Section cha Category ny, mt Section c th cha nhiu Category. - Image: Chn hnh nh th hin ca Category trn trang Web, c th chn hoc khng. - Image Position: V tr hnh nh ca Category, c 2 la chn: tri, phi. - Access Level: Chn cp cho php ngi dng truy cp vo Category ny. Public: cho php bt c ngi no cng c th truy cp, Registered: ch c nhng ngi ng nhp (thnh vin) mi c truy cp, Special: Ch c Qun tr v cc thnh vin cao cp mi c php truy cp. - Published: Cp quyn hiu lc (xut bn) cho Category ny, khng (no): to nhng khng s dng, c (yes): to v c s dng. - Description: Thng tin v Category ny, c th khng cn. Cc Menu trong phn ny c s dng nh cc chng trnh son tho vn bn. - MOSImage Directories: Chn th mc cha cc Media (File, picture, Audio, Video...) chn vo phn ni dung thuc Category ny. Use Section Settings: chn ging nh Section, All: chn tt c, None: khng chn, chn mt hoc nhiu th mc khc nhau bng cch nhn chut v gi phm Ctrl. Thng thng chn Use Section Settings. Sau khi chn xong nhn Save kt thc vic to Category. C th to thm cc Category khc bng cc bc nh trn.

To Content (ni dung cho Web Site):

Trong Control Panel chn Add New Content. Trong Category Manager chn New. Trong Category: New [Content:]: Title: Ta ca Content, y l phn hin th trn trang Web, c th khc Title Alias. - Title Alias: Tn c gn cho Content gip to cc tiu ng hay dng trong k thut SEF to lin kt, c th khc Title. - Section: Chn Section c cc Category cha Content. - Category: Chn Category cha Content ny, mt Category c th cha nhiu Content. - Intro Text: Phn u ca Content, y l phn tm tt hay gii thiu, bt buc phi c. C th s dng cc chc nng son tho v nh dng vn bn. - Main Text: Phn chnh ca Content, c th s dng cc chc nng son tho v nh dng vn bn. - Show on Front Page: Cho php Content ny c hin th trn trang chnh.

- Published: Cp quyn xut bn (hin th) cho Content ny, khng nh du: to nhng khng xut bn, nh du: to v c xut bn. - Access Level: Chn cp cho php ngi dng xem Content ny. Public: cho php bt c ngi no cng c th xem, Registered: ch c nhng ngi ng nhp (thnh vin) mi c xem, Special: Ch c Qun tr v cc thnh vin cao cp mi c php xem.

Menu trong Joomla! rt a dng vi nhiu kiu Menu khc nhau, cc Menu c hin th di dng Module v c t bt k v tr no c trong Template. Mi Menu c nhiu Item gi l Menu Item, cc Menu Item ny c cc chc nng v kiu hin th khc nhau, c th lin kt n cc mc ni dung ging hoc khc nhau v c th c thm cc Item ph gi l Sub Menu Item. Cc Menu c qun l theo s nh dng (Id) ca n, mi Menu v Item u c mt s Id ring iu ny gip cho vic thay i tn ca cc Menu s khng nh hng ti cc phn lin quan v ni dung ca Web Site. Trong Control Panel chn Menu Manager vo phn qun l Menu.

To Menu:
Trong Menu Manager chn New Trong Menu Details nhp tn cho Menu vo Menu Name (khng c c khong trng) y s l tn Joomla! qun l. Nhp tn cho mc Module Title (c c khong trng), y s l tn ca Module c t ng to ra tng ng vi Menu v c qun l trong phn Module Manager, nhn Save hon tt. C th thay i tn ca Menu bng cch nhn vo tn hoc chn Menu ri nhn Edit. To thm mt Menu ging nh Menu c sn bng cch chn Menu v nhn Copy. Lu nguyn tc to Menu Item l cn phi to cc phn, mc, ch ... (Section, Category, Component...) trc ri mi to Menu lin kt (Link) ti cc phn, mc, ch ... .

To Menu Item:
Nhn vo biu tng (Icon) Edit Menu Items ca Menu hoc chn Site -> Menu mun chnh sa hoc to Item. Trong Menu Manager [Menu] chn New Trong New Menu Item c cc kiu la chn sau:

Content:
Blog - Content Category: Hin th ni dung ca mt hay nhiu Category, c trnh by di dng Intro hay Link. Blog - Content Category Archive: Hin th ni dung lu tr ca mt hay nhiu Category, c trnh by di dng Intro hay Link. Blog - Content Section: Hin th ni dung ca cc Category trong mt hay nhiu Section, c trnh by di dng Intro hay Link. Blog - Content Section Archive: Hin th ni dung lu tr ca cc Category trong mt hay nhiu Section, c trnh by di dng Intro hay Link.

Link - Content Item: Lin kt n ni dung c ch nh Link - Static Content: Lin kt n ni dung tnh c ch nh List - Content Section: Hin th ni dung ca cc Category trong mt hay nhiu Section, c trnh by di dng danh sch lit k. Submit - Content: Hin th phn to ni dung mi cho cc thnh vin Table - Content Category: Hin th ni dung ca mt hay nhiu Category, c trnh by di dng bng.

Components:
Component: Hin th ni dung c to t Component Link - Component Item: Lin kt n ni dung c to t Component Link - Contact Item: Lin kt n ni dung c to t Component Contact Link - Newsfeed: Lin kt n ni dung c to t Component Newsfeed Table - Contact Category: Hin th ni dung ca Contact Category, c trnh by di dng bng. Table - Newsfeed Category: Hin th ni dung ca Newsfeed Category, c trnh by di dng bng. Table - Weblink Category: Hin th ni dung ca Weblink Category, c trnh by di dng bng.

Links:
Link - Component Item: Lin kt n ni dung c to t Component Link - Contact Item: Lin kt n ni dung c to t Component Contact Link - Content Item: Lin kt n ni dung c ch nh Link - Newsfeed: Lin kt n ni dung c to t Component Newsfeed Link - Static Content: Lin kt n ni dung tnh c ch nh Link - Url: Lin kt n mt a ch khc (c th l Menu Item, Content...)

Miscellaneous:
Separator/Placeholder: Chn mt du ngn cch gia cc Menu Item Wrapper: Hin th ni dung ca mt trang Web bn ngoi

Submit:
Submit - Content: Hin th phn to ni dung mi cho cc thnh vin Chn kiu Menu v nhn Next, trong Add Menu Item ty theo kiu Menu m c cc thng s la chn khc nhau.

Cc thng s thng dng ca Menu Item:

Blog - Content Section: Trong Selection c th chn tt c, ch mt hoc vi Section hin th ni dung. Blog - Content Category: Trong Selection c th chn tt c, ch mt hoc vi Category hin th ni dung. Lu Menu Content Section c 1 Section s tng ng vi Menu Content Category c chn tt c Category trong Section , nh vy i vi kiu Menu ny nu khng mun hin th mt Category no th ch cn b Category ra khi phn la chn. Menu Image: Chn mt nh nh hin th bn tri hay bn phi tn ca Menu. Page Title: Hin th tn ca Section hoc Category pha trn ca trang. #Leading: S lng phn gii thiu (Intro) c hin th ht phn b ngang ca trang, nu nhp s 0 l khng hin th. #Intro: S lng phn gii thiu (Intro) c hin th, nu nhp s 0 l khng hin th. #Columns: S lng phn gii thiu (Intro) c hin th theo hng ngang, nu nhp s 1 l hin th ging nh Leading, s 2 l hin th 2 Intro trn mt hng. Nu chn s lng Intro l 4 v Columns l 2 th s hin th 2 hng v mi hng c 2 Intro. #Links: S lng tn (Tite) ca ni dung c hin th di dng lin kt. Category Order: Chn kiu sp xp th t cc Category. Primary Order: Chn kiu sp xp th t cc ni dung. MOSImages: Hin th hay khng hnh nh c chn trong ni dung bng chc nng MOSImages. Item Titles: Hin th hay khng tn ca ni dung. Linked Titles: To lin kt cho tn ca ni dung.

Qun l ni dung trong Joomla! l cng vic thng ngy ca cc Qun tr Web (Admin). i vi ngi mi bt u lm quen vi Joomla! s thy kh khn trong cng vic ny, phn ny s hng dn cc thao tc c bn to cc cp qun l v ni dung trong Joomla! Lu : nu bn ci gi ngn ng ting Vit cho Joomla! th bn c th s dng ting Vitcho trong phn ny.

ng nhp (Login) vo Admin. Chun b cc Media (File, picture, Audio, Video...) chn vo ni dung : Trong Control Panel chn Media Manager. Trong Media Manager hy lu n th mc (Folder) Stories, y l th mc mc nh lu tr Media cho cc ni dung ca trang Web. M th mc Stories, bn s thy cc Media v c th c cc th mc cha Media khc.

To thm cc th mc tin qun l cc Media theo ch , ni dung khc nhau bng cch nhp tn vo phn Create Directory v nhn Create. Cc Media c th c ti ln bng cch chn Browse, chn File Media t my tnh ca bn v nhn Open, sau chn Upload. Xa Media hoc Folder bng cc nhn vo biu tng thng rc nm ngay bn di chng. Xem thng tin v v tr ca Media bng cch nhn vo biu tng cy vit nm ngay bn di chng. Thng tin s hin phn Image/URL Code. Nhn Cancel thot khi Media Manager.

To Section: Trong Control Panel chn Section Manager. Trong Section Manager chn New. Trong Section: New [New Section]:

- Title: Ta ca Section, y l phn hin th trn trang Web, c th khc Section Name. - Section Name: Tn ca Section, y l tn qun l Section, c th khc Title. - Image: Chn hnh nh th hin ca Section trn trang Web, c th chn hoc khng. - Image Position: V tr hnh nh ca Section, c 3 la chn: gia, tri, phi. - Access Level: Chn cp cho php ngi dng truy cp vo Section ny. Public: cho php bt c ngi no cng c th truy cp, Registered: ch c nhng ngi ng nhp (thnh vin) mi c truy cp, Special: Ch c Qun tr v cc thnh vin cao cp mi c php truy cp. - Published: Cp quyn hiu lc (xut bn) cho Section ny, khng (no): to nhng khng s dng, c (yes): to v c s dng. - Description: Thng tin v Section ny, c th khng cn. Cc Menu trong phn ny c s dng nh cc chng trnh son tho vn bn. - MOSImage Directories: Chn th mc cha cc Media (File, picture, Audio, Video...) chn vo phn ni dung thuc Section ny. All: chn tt c, None: khng chn, chn mt hoc nhiu th mc khc nhau bng cch nhn chut v gi phm Ctrl. Sau khi chn xong nhn Save kt thc vic to Section. C th to thm cc Section khc bng cc bc nh trn. Cch to Menu Item ph (Sub Menu): Trong Add Menu Item lu thng s Parent Item, nu chn l Top th Menu ny s l menu cp cao nht, nu chn Mt Menu no khc th Menu ny s l Menu ph (Sub Menu) ca Menu c chn. Th d: Menu 1 (Parent Item: Top) Menu 1.1 (Parent Item: Menu 1) Menu 1.2 (Parent Item: Menu 1)

Menu 2 (Parent Item: Top) Menu 2.1 (Parent Item: Menu 2) Menu 2.2 (Parent Item: Menu 2)

Sp xp th t cho cc Menu Item: Nhn vo cc nt mi tn tng ng vi Menu Item di chuyn v tr hoc nhp s th t trong ct Order v nhn vo biu tng hnh da mm thay i th t. Menu Item trn cng (Bt k l Menu g) mc nhin s c Joomla! chn lm Trang ch (Home), y l trang xut hin u tin khi truy cp vo a ch ca trang Web.

Module Menu: Cc Menu s c hin th trn trang Web thng qua cc Module Menu, nu khng mun hin th Menu no th chn UnPublish cho Menu . Cc Module ny c th c t bt c v tr (Position) no hoc trang (Pages) no ty bng cch nhn vo tn ca Menu v thay i cc thng s cho n. Chn Save lu Content ny li.

y l cc nguyn tc c bn to cc cp qun l v ni dung cho Web Site, phn to Content (ni dung) cn c cc chc nng khc na s c cp chi tit trong cc bi sau.

Cc gi ngn ng phn tin snh ca Joomla! 1.5 c lu trong th mc "\language". Gi ngn ng ting Anh s c lu trong th mc "\language\en-GB". Trong th mc ny li c cc file sau:

index.html: trnh cc hacker lit k cc file v th mc. en-GB.xml: M t cc thng tin lin quan ti gi ngn ng. en-GB.ignore.php: Danh sch cc k t b qua khi tm kim. en-GB.ini: File ngn ng chnh ca Joomla! en-GB.com_xxx.ini: File ngn ng cho component c tn l com_xxx. en-GB.mod_xxx.ini: File ngn ng cho module c tn l mod_xxx. en-GB.plg_xxx.ini: File ngn ng cho cc plugin c tn lin quan. to gi ngn ng ting Vit. Chng ta lm nh sau: Bc 1. To th mc cha gi ngn ng ting Vit: "\language\vi-VN" Bc 2. Copy ton b cc file trong th mc "\language\en-GB" ti th mc "\language\viVN" Bc 3. Thay phn tin t ca tn cc file ting Anh (en-GB) bng tin t ca file ting Vit (vi-VN). Ngha l ta c cu trc th mc cha gi ngn ng ting Vit nh sau: \language\vi-VN\ ---------------\index.html ---------------\vi-VN.xml ---------------\vi-VN.ignore.php ---------------\vi-VN.ini ---------------\vi-VN.com_xxx.ini

---------------\vi-VN.mod_xxx.ini ---------------\vi-VN.plg_xxx.ini Bc 4. Thay file "vi-VN.xml", "vi-VN.ignore.php" bng 2 file nh km sau: Download Bc 5. M cc file *.ini bng trnh son tho Notepad++ (khuyn co). Bc 6. Chn nh dng (m menu Format) khi lu cc file ny: "UTF-8 without BOM" (lu cc k t ting Vit nhng khng chn thm k t nh du UTF-8 u file). Bc 7. Tin hnh Vit ha. Thay cc t/cm t ting Anh bng t/cm t ting Vit tng ng. Vit ha phn hu snh back-end (pha ngi qun tr) Gi ngn ng ting Anh ca phn hu snh Joomla! c lu trong th mc "administrator\language\en-GB". Vic Vit ha c tin hnh tng t nh phn tin snh front-end ca Joomla!.

Content (bi vit) trong Joomla! c t chc theo m hnh phn cp v ch gm 2 mc. Mc cao nht: Section (phn/mc), mc tip theo: Category (chuyn mc) l mc con ca Section. Bn c th xem s di y hoc hnh v m t bn cnh.
|Section| --------|Category| -----------------|Content 1| -----------------|Content 2|

Do vy to mt bi vit chng ta cn thc hin ti a l 3 bc.

Bc 1. To Section (phn/mc). Bc 2: To Category (chuyn mc). Bc 3: To Content (bi vit).

Ch :
Khi to Website nn nh hnh v to ngay cc phn/mc (Section) v cc chuyn mc (Category) tng ng.

Trc khi i vo xy dng mt Website bng Joomla chng ta cn nm r 3 khi nim quan trng: Section, Category v Content. Vy Section l g? Category l g? Content l g?. Chng ta cng xem "Cu trc ni dung ca mt Website Joomla" c th hin thng qua hnh v di y:

Section 1 --------|Category 1a --------|Category 1c --------|Category 1b Section 2 --------|Category 2a --------|Category 2b --------------------|Content 2b1 --------------------|Content 2b2

Section l g?

Section: Cc mc, cc lnh vc, cc dng sn phm, dch v... m Website mun cp ti. VD1: Mt Website bn sch trc tuyn c th bao gm cc Section: "Sch Vn hc", "Sch Tin hc", "Sch Ton hc"... VD2: Mt Website v tin tc c th bao gm cc Section: "Th thao", "Vn ha", "Php lut"...

Category l g?
Category: Cc chuyn mc, loi sn phm, loi dch v... c cp mt cch c th hn, chi tit hn. VD1: Trong Section "Vn hc" c cc Category: "Tiu thuyt", "Truyn ngn", "Hi k"... VD2: Trong Section "Th thao" c cc Category: "Bng ", "Qun vt", "Cc mn th thao khc"...

Content l g?
Content: Ton b ni dung ca mt bi vit v thng gm 2 phn:

Phn gii thiu (Intro Text): Phn ny nu ngn gn, tm tt hoc l m u cho ton b bi vit. Phn chi tit (Description Text): Phn cn li ca bi vit. Nh vy to mt bi vit chng ta cn qua ti a 3 bc v ti thiu l 1 bc nu co Section v Category:

1. 2. 3.

Bc 1: To Section: Vo Content --> Section Manager Bc 2: To Category: Vo Content --> Category Manager Bc 3: To Content: Vo Content --> Article Manager --> New