Chuyn Anehit - Xeton

n thi i hc 2009-2010

LUYN TP ANEHIT (NNG CAO) Cu 1: Cho 0,2 mol mt anehit n chc, mch h X phn ng va vi 300 ml dung dch cha AgNO3 2M trong NH3. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 87,2 g kt ta. Cng thc phn t ca anehit l: A. C4H5CHO B. C3H5CHO C. C4H3CHO D. C3H3CHO. Cu 2: t chy hon ton a mol anehit X (mch h) to ra b mol CO 2, c mol H2O (bit b=a+c). Trong phn ng trng gng 1 phn t X ch cho 2 electron. X l anehit c c im g? A. No, n chc B. Khng no, n chc, c mt ni i C. No, hai chc D. Khng no, n chc, c hai ni i Cu 3: Cho s phn ng sau: Anehit no, mch h X1 X2 X3 Cao su buna. Anehit no mch h X4 X5 X3 Cao su buna. Hy cho bit: khi cho X1 v X4 vi khi lng bng nhau tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 un nng, cht no to ra lng Ag nhiu hn ? A. X1. B. bng nhau. C. X4. D. khng xc nh c. Cu 4: Oxi ha anehit X n chc bng O 2 (xc tc thch hp) vi hiu sut phn ng l 75% thu c hn hp Y gm axit cacboxylic tng ng v anehit d. Trung ha axit trong hn hp Y cn 100ml dung dch NaOH 0,75M ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 5,1 gam cht rn khan. Nu cho hn hp Y tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 d, un nng th thu c khi lng Ag l A. 21,6 gam. B. 5,4 gam. C. 10,8 gam. D. 27,0 gam. Cu 5: Hn hp X gm mt anehit v mt ankin c cng s nguyn t cacbon. t chy hon ton a (mol) hn hp X thu c 3a (mol) CO2 v 1,8a (mol) H2O. Hn hp X c s mol 0,1 tc dng c vi ti a 0,14 mol AgNO3 trong NH3 (iu kin thch hp). S mol ca anehit trong 0,1 mol hn hp X l A. 0,03. B. 0,04. C. 0,01. D. 0,02. Cu 6: Oxi ha 4,6 gam ancol etylic bng O2 iu kin thch hp thu c 6,6 gam hn hp X gm anehit, axit, ancol d v nc. Hn hp X tc dng vi natri d sinh ra 1,68 lt H 2 (ktc). Hiu sut ca phn ng chuyn ha ancol thnh anehit l A. 75%. B. 50%. C. 33%. D. 25%. Cu 7: Trong cc cht: CH3CH2CH2OH, C2H2, HCOOCH3, C2H3Cl, CH4, C2H6, C2H4. S cht c th to ra anehit bng mt phn ng l A. 5 B. 6 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 8: Hirat ho| hon ton 1,56 gam mt ankin (A) thu c mt anehit (B). Trn (B) vi mt anehit n chc (C). Thm nc c mt 0,1 lit dd (D) cha (B) v (C) vi nng mol tng cng l 0,8M. Thm t t vo dd (D) vo dd cha AgNO 3/NH3 d thu c 21,6g Ag kt ta. Xc nh cng thc cu to v s mol ca (B) v (C) trong dung dch (D). A. (B): CH3-CHO 0,07, (C): H-CHO 0,01 B. (B): CH3-CHO 0,04, (C): C2H5CHO 0,04 C. (B): CH3-CHO 0,03, (C): H-CHO 0,05 D. (B): CH3-CHO 0,06, (C): H-CHO 0,02
ThS. Nguyn Xun Ngc - 0982163448 i hc Khoa Hc - i hc Hu 1

Chuyn Anehit - Xeton

n thi i hc 2009-2010

Cu 9: t chy ht m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit n chc, mch h (c mt lin kt i C = C trong phn t) thu c V lt kh CO 2 ktc v a gam H2O. Biu thc lin h gia m; a v V l A. m = 4V/5 + 7a/9 B. m = 4V/5 - 7a/9 C. m = 5V/4 +7a/9 D. m = 5V/4 7a/9 Cu 10: Hn hp A gm 0,1 mol anehit acrylic v 0,3 mol kh hiro. Cho hn hp A qua ng s nung nng c cha Ni lm xc tc, thu c hn hp B gm bn cht, l propanal, propan-1-ol, propenal v hiro. T khi hi ca hn hp B so vi metan bng 1,55. Dung dch B tc dng va vi bao nhiu lt nc Brom 0,2M A. 0,15 B. 0,25 C. 0,20 D. 0,10 Cu 11: Cho hn hp M gm anehit X (no, n chc, mch h) v hirocacbon Y, c tng s mol l 0,2 (s mol ca X nh hn s mol ca Y). t chy hon ton M, thu c 8,96 lit kh CO2 (ktc)v 7,2 gam H2O. Hirocacbon Y l: A. C2H2 B. C2H4 C. C3H6 D. CH4 Cu 12: Cho bay hi 2,38 gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol n chc 136,5 0C v 1 atm thu c 1,68 lt hi. Oxi ha 4,76 gam hn hp X bi CuO thu c hn hp hai anehit. Hn hp anehit tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 30,24 gam Ag. Nu t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X, ri dn sn phm chy qua dung dch NaOH c d, th khi lng dung dch NaOH tng l: A. 18,54 gam. B. 15,44 gam. C. 14,36 gam. D. 8,88 gam. Cu 13: Oxi ho m gam mt ancol n chc, bc mt, mch h A thu c hn hp X gm: Anehit, axt, nc v ancol d. Chia X lm 3 phn bng nhau: Phn 1 cho tc dng vi Na va , thu c 0,2 mol H2 v 25,6 gam cht rn. Phn 2 cho phn ng vi NaHCO 3 d, thu c 0,1 mol kh CO2. Phn 3 cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3(d), thu c 0,6 mol Ag. Nu oxi hon hon ton m gam A ch to thnh anehit, ri cho phn ng trng gng th s mol Ag thu c l (phn ng xy ra hon ton) A. 1,6. B. 0,8. C. 2,4. D. 4,8. Cu 14: Cho anehit X mch h c cng thc phn t l CxHy(CHO)z Cho 0,15 mol X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 th thu c 64,8 gam Ag. Cho 0,125a mol X phn ng vi d H2 (xc tc Ni, un nng) th th tch phn ng l 8,4a lt (ktc). Mi lin h x, y l A. 2x-y+4 = 0 B. 2x-y-2 = 0 C. 2x-y-4 = 0 D. 2x-y+2 = 0 Cu 15: t chy hon ton x gam hn hp gm hai anehit no, mch h, hai chc, thu c V lt kh CO2 (ktc) v y gam H2O. Biu thc lin h gia cc gi tr x, y v V l Cu 16: Cht geranial (trong tinh du s) c cng thc phn t C 10H16O (cht X). Bit X mch h v c mt chc anehit. Bit 4,56 gam X tc dng va vi V ml dung dch Br 2 0,1M. Gi tr ca V l A. 500. B. 600. C. 900. D. 300. Cu 17:Mt hn hp X gm 2 ancol mch h c cng s nguyn t cacbon v hn km nhau mt nhm -OH. t chy ht 0,1 mol hn hp X cn 8,4 lt O 2 (ktc) v thu c 13,2 gam CO2. Bit rng khi oxi ha hn hp X bi CuO, trong sn phm c mt anehit a chc. Hai ancol trong hn hp X c cng thc cu to l A.CH3-CH2OH-CH2OH v CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH.
ThS. Nguyn Xun Ngc - 0982163448 i hc Khoa Hc - i hc Hu 2

Chuyn Anehit - Xeton

n thi i hc 2009-2010

B.CH2OH-CH2-CH2-CH2OH v CH2-CHOH-CHOH-CH2OH. C.CH2OH-CH2-CH2OH v CH3-CH2-CH2OH. D.CH2OH-CH2-CH2OH v CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH. Cu 18: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anhit cn 17,6 gam O 2 thu c 10.08 lt CO2 (ktc) v 8,1 gam H2O. Mt khc cho m gam X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c khi lng kt ta bc l A. 108 gam B. 86,4 gam C. 54 gam D. 27 gam Cu 19: Mt anehit X trong oxi chim 37,21% v khi lng. 1 mol X tham gia phn ng trng bc to ti a 4 mol Ag. Khi lng mui hu c sinh ra khi cho 0,25 mol X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 l A. 30,25 gam. B. 41 gam. C. 38 gam. D. 34,5 gam. Cu 20: Oxi ha 0,1 mol mt ancol n chc X bng O 2 c xc tc ph hp thu c 4,4 gam hn hp gm anehit, ancol d v nc. Hiu sut ca phn ng oxi ha ancol l A. 75%. B. 50%. C. 65%. D. 40%. Cu 21: Mt anehit mch h X c t khi hi so vi H 2 nh hn 30. X phn ng ti a vi H 2 theo t l mol 1:3. Cho 0,1 mol X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 d trong NH3 th thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn? A. 19,4 gam. B. 39,3 gam. C. 21,6 gam. D. 41 gam. Cu 22: t chy hon ton 0,05 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit no, mch h sinh ra 1,792 lt CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, ton b lng X trn phn ng va vi 0,08 mol H 2 (xc tc Ni, t0). Cng thc ca hai anehit trong X l A. CH3CHO v HCO-CHO. C. HCHO v HCO-CHO. B. HCHO v HCO-CH2-CHO. D. HCHO v CH3CHO. Cu 23: Hn hp M gm anehit X, xeton Y ( X, Y c cng s nguyn t cacbon) v anken Z. t chy hon ton m gam M cn dng 8,848 lt O 2 (ktc) sinh ra 6,496 lt CO2 (ktc) v 5,22 gam H2O. Cng thc ca anehit X l A. C2H5CHO. B. CH3CHO. C. C3H7CHO. D. C4H9CHO. Cu 24: Khi oxi ha ht 7,25 gam mt anehit n chc X th thu c 9,25 gam axit tng ng. Vy X l A. butanal. B. propanal. C. etanal. D. propenal. Cu 25: Hn hp X gm hai anehit X1, X2 (X2 c s nguyn t cacbon nhiu hn s nguyn t cacbon ca X1). Cho 0,25 mol X tc dng ht vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3, sinh ra 108 gam Ag. Mt khc, t chy ht 0,25 mol X trn thu c 7,84 lt CO 2(ktc). S mol c trong 0,25 mol X c th l A. 0,15 mol. B. 0,05 mol. C. 0,2 mol. D. 0,175 mol. Cu 26: Hn hp M gm ancol no, n chc, mch h X v anehit no, n chc, mch h Y. t chy hon ton mt lng M cn dng va 11,2 lt O 2(ktc), sinh ra 8,96 lt CO2 (ktc). Cng thc ca Y l A. CH3CHO B. HCHO C. C2H5CHO D. C3H7CHO Cu 27: Hiro hon hon ton 0,15 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit no, mch h cn dng va 4,48 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc, t chy ton b lng X trn sinh ra 4,48 lt CO 2 (ktc). Cng thc ca hai anehit l A. HCHO v OHC-CHO B. HCHO v OHC-CH2-CHO C. CH3CHO v OHC-CH2-CHO D. CH3CHO v C2H5-CHO
ThS. Nguyn Xun Ngc - 0982163448 i hc Khoa Hc - i hc Hu 3

Chuyn Anehit - Xeton

n thi i hc 2009-2010

Cu 28: Hn hp X gm ancol Y, axit Z v anehit T (u no, n chc, mch h v c cng s mol). t chy hon ton m gam X, thu c 6,72 lt CO 2 (ktc) v 7,2 H2O gam . Gi tr ca m l A. 10,8. B. 10,4. C. 9,2. D. 14,0. Cu 29: t chy hon ton x mol hn hp hai anehit no, c cng s nguyn t cacbon thu c 67,2x lt CO2 (ktc) v 43,2x gam H 2O. Mt khc cho x mol hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d, trong NH3, sau phn ng hon ton thu c khi lng Ag l A. 345,6x gam. B. 324x gam. C. 216x gam. D. 378x gam. Cu 30: Cho 2,75 gam hn hp M gm 2 ancol X, Y qua CuO, t nng, sau phn ng hon ton thu c hn hp Z gm 2 anehit n chc, ng ng k tip. Ly ton b lng Z thu c trn thc hin phn ng trng bc th thu c ti a 27 gam Ag. Khng nh khng ng l A. T X v Y u c th dng 1 phn ng ha hc to ra axit axetic. B. X chim 50% s mol trong hn hp M. C. Khi t chy hon ton hn hp M th s mol O2 cn dng gp 1,5 ln s mol CO2 to ra. D. X v Y c th tc dng vi nhau. Cu 31: Kh 1,6 gam hn hp 2 anehit no bng H 2 thu c hn hp 2 ancol. un nng hn hp 2 ancol vi H2SO4 c c hn hp 2 olefin l ng ng lin tip. t chy ht 2 olefin ny c 3,52 gam CO2. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Cng thc ca 2 anehit l: A. HCHO v CH3CHO B. CH3CHO v CH2(CHO)2 C. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO D. C2H5CHO v C3H7CHO Cu 32: Oxi ha 3,16 gam hn hp 2 ancol n chc thnh anehit bng CuO, t0, sau phn ng thy khi lng cht rn gim 1,44 gam. Cho ton b lng anehit trn tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c 36,72 gam Ag. Hai ancol l: A. C2H5OH v C3H7CH2OH B. CH3OH v C2H5CH2OH C. CH3OH v C2H5OH D. C2H5OH v C2H5CH2OH Cu 33: Khng th iu ch trc tip axetanehit t: A. Vinyl axetat B. Etilen C. Etanol D. Etan Cu 34: Anehit X c cha 4 nguyn t C trong phn t. Khi cho 0,1 mol X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 43,2 gam Ag. Mt khc 0,15 mol X lm mt mu va 200 ml dung dch Br2 1,5M. X l: A. C2H4(CHO)2 B. C3H7CHO C. O=HC-CC-CHO D. O=CH-CH=CH-CHO Cu 35: Hn hp A gm X, Y (MX< MY) l 2 este n chc c chung gc axit. un nng m gam A vi 400 ml dung dch KOH 1M d thu c dung dch B v (m 12,6) gam hn hp hi gm 2 anehit no, n chc ng ng k tip c t khi hi so vi H2 l 26,2. C cn dung dch B thu c (m + 6,68) gam cht rn khan. % khi lng ca X trong A l: A. 54,66% B. 45,55% C. 36,44% D. 30,37% Cu 36: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h thu c 0,4 mol CO2. Mt khc hiro ha hon ton m gam X cn 0,2 mol H2 (Ni, to), sau phn ng thu c hai ancol no n chc. t chy hon ton hn hp hai ancol ny th s mol H 2O thu c l: A. 0,6 mol B. 0,5 mol C. 0,3 mol D. 0,4 mol Cu 37: Mt ancol no, a chc X c s nhm OH bng s nguyn t cacbon. Trong X, H chim xp x 10% v khi lng. un nng X vi cht xc tc nhit thch hp loi nc th thu c mt cht hu c Y c MY = MX 18. Kt lun no sau y hp l nht:
ThS. Nguyn Xun Ngc - 0982163448 i hc Khoa Hc - i hc Hu 4

Chuyn Anehit - Xeton

n thi i hc 2009-2010

A. T khi hi ca Y so vi X l 0,8 B. X l glixerol C. Y l anehit acrylic D. Y l etanal Cu 38: Oxi ha 16,8g anehit fomic bng oxi c mt Mn2+ thu c hn hp X. Cho hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 d thu c 151,2g Ag. Hiu sut ca phn ng oxi ha anehit fomic l: A. 37,5% B. 80% C. 60% D. 75% Cu 39: Trng bc hon ton 5,72g mt anehit X no n chc, mch h. Ton b lng bc thu c em ha tan ht vo dung dch HNO 3 c nng gii phng V lt kh NO 2 (sn phm kh duy nht). Sau phn ng khi lng dung dch thay i 16,12g (gi s hi nc bay hi khng ng k). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. CH3CHO B. HCHO C. C2H5CHO D. C3H7CHO Cu 40: Hiro ha hon ton anehit X thu c ancol Y. t chy hon ton Y thu c CO 2 v H2O theo t l nCO2 : nH2O = 2 : 3 v s mol O2 t t chy gp 2,5 ln s mol X t t chy. Khi cho 0,1 mol X tc dng vi AgNO 3 trong dung dch NH3 d thu c ti a bao nhiu gam Ag? A. 10,8 gam B. 43,2 gam C. 21,6 gam D. 32,4 gam Cu 41: Oxi ho hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu c (m + 8) gam hn hp Y gm hai axit. em t chy ht hn hp Y cn va 29,12 lt O2 ( ktc). Gi tr m l: A. 18,47 B. 22,47 C. 24,8 D. 26,2 Cu 42: t chy hon ton 1 anhit X c nCO2 - nH2O = nX. Cho 11,52 gam X phn ng vi lng d AgNO3 trong NH3 c 69,12 gam Ag. Cng thc ca X l: A. CH2(CHO)2 . B. CH2=CH-CHO. C. CH3CHO. D. HCHO. Cu 43: T anehit no n chc A c th chuyn trc tip thnh ancol Y v axit Z tng ng iu ch este E t Y v Z. Hy xc nh t s d = ME / MA. A. 2/3 B. 2 /1 C. 3/2 D. 1/2 Cu 44:t chy hon ton 1 anhit X c n H2O = nX . Trong X hidro chim 2,439% v khi lng. Cho 3,28 gam X phn ng vi lng d AgNO 3 trong NH3 c 17,28 gam Ag. Cng thc ca X l: A. CH2(CHO)2 . B. O=CH-CC-CH=O. C. O=CH-CH=O. D. HCHO. Cu 45:t chy hon ton 0,05 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit no, mch h sinh ra 1,792 lt CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, ton b lng X trn phn ng va vi 0,08 mol H 2 (xc tc Ni, t0). Cng thc ca hai anehit trong X l A. HCHO v O=HC-CH2-CH=O. B. CH3CHO v O=HC-CH=O. C. HCHO v O=HC-CH=O. D. HCHO v CH3CHO. Cu 46: hiro hon hon ton 0,035mol hn hp X gm hai anehit c khi lng 2,2gam cn 1,568 lt H2(ktc). Mt khc, khi cho cng lng X trn phn ng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th thu c 10,8 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to ca hai anehit trong X l A. H-CHO v OHC-CH2-CHO. B. CH2=C(CH3)-CHO v OHC-CHO. C. OHC-CH2-CHO v OHC-CHO. D. CH2=CH-CHO v OHC-CH2-CHO. Cu 47: Cho 14,8 gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol n chc A v B (M A< MB) tc dng Na d thu c 3,36 lt hiro (ktc). Oxi ha cng lng hn hp X c hn hp anehit Y. Cho ton b lng Y phn ng ht vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 thu c 86,4 gam Ag. B c s ng phn ancol l A. 3 B. 1 C. 4 D. 2
ThS. Nguyn Xun Ngc - 0982163448 i hc Khoa Hc - i hc Hu 5

Chuyn Anehit - Xeton

n thi i hc 2009-2010

Cu 48: Hn hp M gm mt anehit v mt ankin (c cng s nguyn t cacbon). t chy hon ton x mol hn hp M, thu c 3x mol CO 2 v 1,6x mol H2O. Cho 0,1 mol hn hp M tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c y mol Ag. Gi tr ca y l: A. 0,06. B. 0,04. C. 0,08. D. 0,02. Cu 49: 17,7 gam hn hp X gm 2 anehit n chc phn ng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 (dng d) c 1,95 mol Ag v dung dch Y. Ton b Y tc dng vi dung dch HCl d c 0,45 mol CO2. Cc cht trong hn hp X gm: A. C2H3CHO v HCHO B. C2H5CHO v CH3CHO C. CH3CHO v HCHO D. C2H5CHO v HCHO Cu 50: un nng hn hp A gm: 0,1 mol axeton; 0,08 mol anehit acrylic (propenal); 0,06 mol isopren v 0,32mol hiro c Ni lm xc tc thu c hn hp kh v hi B. T khi ca B so vi khng kh l 375/203. Hiu sut hiro t tham gia phn ng cng l: A. 87,5% B. 93,75% C. 80% D. 75,6% Cu 51: Cho 8 gam ancol X n chc qua CuO nung nng thu c 11,0 gam hn hp gm ancol X, anehit v H2O. Hiu sut ca phn ng oxi ha l A. 62,5% B. 75% C. 70% D. 50% Cu 52: X l mt anehit n chc, thc hin phn ng trng bc hon ton 2,421 gam X vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 n phn ng xy ra hon ton, lng kim loi bc thu c em ha tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long th thu c 0,01 mol kh NO (duy nht) v 19,5 gam mui. X l A. HCHO B. (CHO)2 C. CH3-CH2-CHO D. CH3CHO Cu 53: Hn hp X gm 0,05 mol HCHO v mt anehit M. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d thu c 25,92 gam Ag. Nu em t chy ht X ta thu c 1,568 lt kh CO2 (kc), Bit M c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh. Cng thc cu to ca M l A. CH3CHO B. OHC-CH2-CH2-CHO C. CH3-CH2CHO D. OHC-CHO Cu 54: Vi cng thc phn t C6H12O6 hp cht c th cha cc chc no sau y: 1. 5 chc ancol v 1 chc anehit 2. 5 chc ancol v 1 chc xeton 3. 1 chc axit v 4 chc ancol 4. 4 chc ancol v 2 chc anehit A. 1 v 2 B. 1,2,3,4 C. 1,2,3 D. 1 Cu 55: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anhit cn 17,6 gam O 2 thu c 10.08 lt CO2(ktc) v 8,1 gam H2O. Mt khc cho m gam X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c khi lng kt ta bc l A. 108 gam B. 86,4 gam C. 54 gam D. 27 gam Cu 56: Hn hp A gm 0,1 mol anehit metacrylic v 0,3 mol kh hiro. Nung nng hn hp A mt thi gian, c mt cht xc tc Ni, thu c hn hp hi B gm hn hp cc ancol, cc anehit v hiro. T khi hi ca B so vi He bng 95/12. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ha anehit metacrylic l: A. 100% B. 70% C. 65% D. 80%

ThS. Nguyn Xun Ngc - 0982163448

i hc Khoa Hc - i hc Hu 6