TRNG HSP KY THUAT

TP HO CH MINH
KHOA IEN
BO MON KY THUAT IEN
CHNG 3
6h00h 8
6k6 Fh00h FhkF IkI Mk6h IEh
* Giai mach ien tc la tm tr so dong
ien cac nhanh.
* Muon tm c tr so dong ien cac
nhanh can lap c he phng trnh mach
ien.
* Tuy thuoc vao an so cua he phng trnh
mach ien ma ta co cac Phng phap giai
mach ien
8.1 Fhuong phap dong dIan nhanh.
1.nh ngha :
An so cua he PTM la tri so dong ien cac nhanh.
2.Cac bc thc hien :
* Xac nh so nhanh (m) va so nut (n) cua mach
* chon chieu dong ien cac nhanh( chon tuy y)
* Lap he PT mach ien.
_ Viet ( n 1 ) pt theo nh luat K.S.1
_ Viet ( m n + 1 ) pt theo nh luat K.S.2
* Giai he pt mach ien. Tm tr so dong ien cac nhanh
Chu y :
Neu dong ien tm c mang gia tr am th ket luan chieu cua dong
ien o trong mach la chieu ngc lai.
V 0 . hay gIaI marh dIan sau

Z
E
Z E
1

8
8IaI .
1
= 8 E
1
= 1Z.6 V

Z
= Z E
Z
= 9 V

8
= 4
Xar d}nh m( nhanh ) m = 8
Xar d}nh n( nuI ) n = Z
6hon rhIau dong dIan rar nhanh(Iuy y)
k
8
I
1
I
Z
I
8
Lap ha FT marh dIan
* VIaI (n1) pI Ihao L1
TaI k .
* VIaI (m n + 1) pI Ihao LZ
I
1

1
+ I
8

8
= E
1
I
Z

Z
+ I
8

8
= E
Z
Marh vong 1 :
Marh vong Z .
I
1
+ I
Z
I
8
= 0
1
Z
Thay rar gIa Ir} va gIaI ha phuong Irnh marh dIan Ia ro .
I
1
+ I
Z
I
8
= 0
8.I
1
+ 4.I
8
= 1Z,6
Z.I
Z
+ 4.I
8
= 9
I
1
= 1,6 k
I
Z
=
0,6 k
I
8
= Z k
* 8uor 1:
* 8uor Z.
_ 6hon ( m n + 1) marh vong dor Iap
Marh vong dor Iap Ia rar marh vong khong rhua Ian nhau
_ VIaI (m n + 1) pI Ihao LZ rho rar marh vong dor Iap
8.Z. Fhuong phap dong dIan marh vong
1.}nh ngha .
kn so rua ha FTM Ia IrI so dong dIan marh vong.
ong dIan marh vong Ia dong dIan Iuong Iuong rhay gIua rar nhanh, ro Iar
dung Iuong Iu nhu dong dIan nhanh
Z.6ar buor Ihur hIan .
-Xar d}nh m( nhanh ), n( nuI )
- 6hon rhIau dong dIan rar nhanh ( rhon Iuy y )
Lap ha FT marh dIan
_ IaI ha phuong Irnh marh dIan, Im Ir} so dong dIan marh vong
* 8uor 8.
Tm Ir} so dong dIan nhanh
I
nI
= I
vI
Chu y : Dong ien mach vong nao cung chieu vi dong ien nhanh th
mang dau + , ngc lai mang dau -
_ 6hon rhIau dong dIan marh vong
Thuong rhon rhIau rua dong dIan Irung voI rhIau rua marh vong
V 0 . hay gIaI marh dIan sau

Z
E
Z E
1

8
8IaI .
1
= 8 E
1
= 1Z.6 V

Z
= Z E
Z
= 9 V

8
= 4
Xar d}nh m( nhanh ) m = 8
Xar d}nh n( nuI ) n = Z
6hon rhIau dong dIan rar nhanh (Iuy y)
k
8
I
1
I
Z
I
8
Lap ha FT marh dIan
* VIaI phuong Irnh Ihao LZ rho rar marh vong dor Iap voI an so Ia dong
dIan marh vong
* 6hon (m n + 1) = (8 Z + 1) = Z marh vong dor Iap
I
a
.(
1
+
8
) + I
b
.
8
= E
1 Marh vong 1 :
Marh vong Z .
* Thay rar gIa Ir} va gIaI ha phuong Irnh marh dIan Ia ro .
7I
a
+ 4I
b
= 1Z.6
4I
a
+ 6I
b
= 9
I
a
= 1.6 k
I
b
=
0.6 k
1
I
a
Z
I
b
I
b
.(
Z
+
8
) + I
a
.
8
= E
Z
1
Z
* Tm Ir} so dong dIan nhanh
I
a
I
b
I
1
I
Z
I
a
I
b
I
8
I
1
=
I
a
= 1.6 k
I
Z
=
I
b
= 0.6 k
I
8
=
I
a
+I
b
= Z k
1.}nh ngha .
8.8 Fhuong phap bIan doI Iuong duong
8Ian doI marh dIan da rho Iro Ihanh moI marh dIan khar voI so
nhanh , so nuI I hon nhung ga Ir} dong dIan rhay Irong rar nhanh
khong doI.
Z.6ar phuong phap bIan doI .
a.6ar phan Iu ghap noI IIap .

Id
I

Id
=
1
+
Z
+
I

Id
=
I
b.6ar phan Iu ghap song song .
I

Id
I g
Id
= g
1
+g
Z
+g
I
= gI

Id
= 1lg
Id
I

I
ar bIaI
I

Z
I
1
I
Z

Id
=
1
.
Z
l(
1
+
Z
)
I
1
= I.
Z
l (
1
+
Z
)
I
Z
= I.
1
l (
1
+
Z
)
8aI Iap
a IhI
r. 8Ian doI 8ao Iam gIar .
Noi Sao
Noi Tam giac

1Z
=
1
+
Z
+ (
1
.
Z
)l
8

Z8
=
Z
+
8
+ (
Z
.
8
)l
1

81
=
8
+
1
+ (
8
.
1
)l
Z

1
=
81
.
1Z
l (
1Z
+
Z8
+
81
)

Z
=
1Z
.
Z8
l (
1Z
+
Z8
+
81
)

8
=
Z8
.
81
l (
1Z
+
Z8
+
81
)
Cho mach ien nh hnh ve :
Biet :
V 24 E =
1 R
5
= 2 R
2
=
2 R
4
= 2 R
1
=
1 R
3
= 1 R =
Tnh dong ien I cua mach
V du :

8
I
R
23
R
5
R
R
31
R
4
R
12
R
1
* R
2
/ ( R
1
+ R
2
+R
3
) R
12
=
R
2
* R
3
/ ( R
1
+ R
2
+R
3
) R
23
=
R
3
* R
1
/ ( R
1
+ R
2
+R
3
) R
31
=
R
31
+ R
4
R
6
=
R
23
+ R
5
R
7
=
R
6
* R
7
/ ( R
6
+R
7
) R
8
=
R + R
12
+ R
8
R
t
=
E / R
f
I =
I
R
t
R
7
I
R
R
12
R
6
I
R R
8
R
12
R
R
2
R
5
R
1
R
4
R
3
I
Mach c bien oi nh sau :
0.80 =
0.40 =
0.40 =
2.40 =
1.40 =
0.88 =
2.68 =
k 8.94 =
8uor 1.
Tnh dIan ap haI nuI
0 = E
I
.g
I
l g
I
I
I
= ( E
I
0 ).g
I
8uor 8.
8.4. Fhuong phap dIan ap haI nuI
Trong do .
hhung sur dIan dong nao rung rhIau voI dIan ap Ih mang dau am,
nguor rhIau voI dIan ap Ih mang dau duong.
6ar buor Ihur hIan .
Ian ap va nhung sur dIan dong nao rung rhIau voI dong dIan Ih
mang dau duong, nguor IaI mang dau am.
Trong do .
6hon rhIau dong dIan rar nhanh va dIan ap haI nuI (rhon Iuy y )
8uor Z.
Tnh dong dIan rar nhanh
Fhuong phap nay dung da gIaI rar marh dIan ro nhIau nhanh noI song song
VI du. hay gIaI marh dIan sau
8IaI .
1
= 1 E
1
= 16 V

Z
= 8 E
Z
= 16 V

8
= Z E
8
= 16 V

4
= 1

1
E
1

Z
E
Z

8
E
8

4
I
1
I
Z
I
8
I
4
U
k
8
8
1
. 6hon rhIau dong dIan rar nhanh va
rhIau dIan ap gIua haI nuI nhu hnh va
8
Z
. Tnh dIan ap haI nuI
I
1
= ( E
1
0 ).g
1
= (16 10) l 1
8
8
. Tnh dong dIan rar nhanh
0 = E
I
.g
I
l g
I
0 =
E
1
.g
1
+E
Z
.g
Z
+E
8
.g
8
g
1
+ g
Z
+ g
8
+ g
4
16 16 16
1 8 Z
+ +
1 1
8 Z
1 + + + 1
=
= 10 V
= 1.6 k
I
Z
= ( E
Z
0 ).g
Z
= (16 10) l 8
= Z k
I
8
= ( E
8
0 ).g
8
= (16 10) l Z
= 8 k
I
4
= 0 . g
Z
= 10 l 1
= 10 k
8.6. Fhuong phap xap rhong .
1.}nh ngha .
ong dIan qua moI nhanh bang Iong daI so rar dong dIan qua rar
nhanh do Iar dong rIang ra rua Iung nguon sur dIan dong ( Iur do
rar sur dIan dong khar bang khong 0 )
Z.6ar buor Ihur hIan .
8uor 1. ThIaI Iap marh dIan rh ro moI nguon Iar dong (E
1
)
8uor Z. Tnh dong dIan Irong marh rh ro moI nguon Iar dong(E
1
)
I
11
, I
1Z
, I
18
8uor 8. ThIaI Iap marh dIan rho rar nguon IIap Ihao(E
Z
) va Iap IaI
buor (Z). Tnh . I
Z1
, I
ZZ
, I
Z8
8uor 4. Xap rhong( rong daI so ) rar dong dIan qua moI nhanh
I
1
= I
11
I
Z1
, I
Z
= I
ZZ
I
1Z
I
8
= I
18
+ I
Z8

Z
E
Z
E
1

8
I
1 I
8
I
Z

Z
E
1

8
I
11 I
18
I
1Z

Z
E
Z

8
I
Z1
I
Z8
I
ZZ

Z
E
Z
E
1

8
I
1 I
8
I
Z
V du . hay gIaI marh dIan sau
8IaI . E
1
= 40 V, E
Z
= 16 V,

1
= Z,
Z
=4,
8
= 4

Z
E
1

8
I
11 I
18
I
1Z
a. Marh rh ro nguon E
1
Iar dong
E
1
l(
1
+
Z
.
8
l
Z
+
8
)
= 40l|Z+4.4l(4+4)J = 10 k
I
11
=
I
1Z
=
= 10.4l(4+4) = 6 k
I
18
=
= 10.4l(4+4)
= 6 k
I
11
.
8
l(
Z
+
8
)
I
11
.
Z
l(
Z
+
8
)
b. Marh rh ro nguon E
Z
Iar dong

Z
E
Z

8
I
Z1
I
Z8
I
ZZ
E
Z
l(
Z
+
1
.
8
l
1
+
8
)
= 16l|4+Z.4l(Z+4)J = 8 k
I
ZZ
=
I
Z1
=
= 10.4l(Z+4) = Z k
I
Z8
=
= 10.Zl(Z+4)
= 1 k
I
ZZ
.
8
l(
1
+
8
)
I
11
.
1
l(
1
+
8
)
I
11
I
Z1
= 10Z
Dong ien I
2
chay trong mach ngc vi chieu a chon
r. Marh Iar dong rua ra haI nguon
I
1
= = 8 k
I
ZZ
I
1Z
= 86 I
Z
= = Z k
I
18
+I
Z8
= 6+1 I
8
= = 6 k
8
1
. 6hon rhIau dong dIan rar nhanh
va rhIau dIan ap gIua haI nuI nhu
hnh va
B
2
: Tnh ien ap hai nut
0 = (E
1
.g
1
E
Z
.g
Z
)l( g
1
+g
Z
+ g
8
)
= - 8 V
I
1
= ( E
1
+ 0 ).g
1
= ( 1Z.6 8 )l8 = 1.6 k
I
Z
= ( E
Z
+ 0 ).g
Z = ( 9 8 )lZ = 0.6 k
I
8
= 0.g
8
= 8 l 4 = Z k
R
2
E
2 E
1
R
1
R
3
A
B
V 0 hay gIaI marh dIan sau
B
3
: Tnh dong ien cac nhanh
U
I
1
I
3
I
2
8IaI .
1
= 8 E
1
= 1Z.6 V

Z
= Z E
Z
= 9 V

8
= 4
0 = E
I
.g
I
l g
I
0 = (1Z,6l8 9lZ)l(1l8+1lZ+ 1l4 )

Z
E
Z
E
1

8
I
1 I
8
I
Z
V du . hay gIaI marh dIan sau
8IaI . E
1
= 40 V, E
Z
= 16 V,

1
= Z,
Z
=4,
8
= 4
IaI

Z
E
1

8
I
11 I
81
I
Z1
a. Marh rh ro nguon E
1
Iar dong

6
=
Z
.
8
l(
Z
+
8
)

6
= 4.4l(4+4) = Z
I
11
= E
1
l
Id1
= 40l4 = 10 k
I
81
= I
11
.
Z
l(
Z
+
8
) = 10.4l(4+4) = 6 k
I
Z1
= I
11
.
8
l(
Z
+
8
) = 10.4l(4+4) = 6 k

6
E
1
I
11

Id1
=
1
+
6

Id1
= Z + Z = 4

Id
E
1
I
11

Z
E
Z

8
I
Z1
I
Z8
I
ZZ
b. Marh rh ro nguon E
Z
Iar dong
I
1
= I
11
I
Z1
= 10Z = 8 k
I
Z
= I
ZZ
I
Z1
= 86 = Z k I
8
= I
18+
I
Z8
= 6+1 = 6 k
Dong ien I
2
chay trong mach ngc vi chieu a chon

Id
E
Z
I
ZZ

Z
E
Z
I
ZZ

6
=
1
.
8
l(
1
+
8
)

6
= Z.4l(Z+4) = 4l8
I
ZZ
= E
Z
l
IdZ
= 16.8l16 = 8 k
I
8Z
= I
ZZ
.
1
l(
1
+
8
) = 8.Zl(Z+4) = 1 k
I
Z1
= I
ZZ
.
8
l(
1
+
8
)
= 8.4l(Z+4)
= Z k

IdZ
=
1
+
6

IdZ
= 4 +4l8 = 16l8

Z
E
Z
E
1

8
I
1 I
8
I
Z

Z
E
Z

8
I
Z1
I
Z8
I
ZZ

Z
E
1

8
I
11 I
81
I
Z1
r. Marh Iar dong rua ra haI nguon
a IhI