MD 6897

T CHC THI CNG
CHI TIT MT NG
CHNG I
NHIM V V KHI LNG THI CNG
I. Nhim v
Nhim v ca ti trong phn ny l thi cng chi tit kt cu mt ng
theo phng php dy chuyn vi tng chiu di L = 9184 m.
Da vo phn thit k k thut, mt ng c kt cu nh sau :
BTN nng ht
mn
BTN nng ht
th
Bn thm nhp
nha 5.5 kg
5cm
5cm
12cm
Cp phi si i
20cm
II. Khi lng vt liu

Din tch mt ng : F = B.L (m2)
Trong :
B : B rng mt ng B = 7 m
L : Tng chiu di tuyn L = 9184 m
F = 7.9184 = 64288 (m2)
1. Khi lng vt liu lp cp phi dm dy 20 cm
Lp cp phi dm c thi cng lm 2 lp :
- Lp mng trn dy 14 cm
- Lp mng di dy 16 cm
Khi lng cp phi dm l :
Q1 = K1.F.1
Trong :
K1 : H s lu ln ca lp cp phi dm K1 = 1,3
1 : Chiu dy lp cp phi dm 1 = 0,2 m
Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Q1 = 1,3642880,2 = 25072,32
Theo nh mc tnh cho 100 m2 :
Loi
Lp trn
Lp di
(m3)
Thnh phn
n v
nh mc
Khi lng
Cp phi
m3
19.99
12851.17
t dnh
m3
0.4
257.15
Ct sn
m3
1.02
655.73
Cp phi
m3
22.85
14689.8
2. Khi lng dm Macadam dy 18 cm

Lp dm Macadam c thi cng thnh 2 lp:
- Lp mng trn dy 8 cm
- Lp mng di dy 10 cm
Khi lng dm Macadam : Q2 = K2.F. 2
Trong : K2 : H s lu ln lp dm Macadam K2 = 1,3
2 : B dy lp dm Macadam
2=18 cm
Q2 = 1,3642880,18 = 15043,39 (m3)
Loi
Lp trn
Lp di
Thnh phn
n v
nh mc
Khi lng
4x6
m3
10,56
6.788,81
2x4
m3
0,28
180
1x2
m3
0,29
186,43
0,5x1
m3
0,39
250,72
4x6
m3
13,2
8.486,01
3. Khi lng b tng nha nng

Lp b tng nha c thi cng lm 2 lp :
- Lp b tng nha nng ht mn dy 4 cm
- Lp b tng nha nng ht th dy 6 cm
Khi lng b tng nha nng ht mn l : Q3 = 3.F.3
Trong :
3 : Khi lng b tng nha c ln cht 3 = 2,32 (tn/m3)
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
3 : Chiu dy lp 3 = 0,04 m
F : Din tch mt ng F = B.L = 119184 = 101024
m2
Q3 = 2,321010240,04 = 4445,05 (T)

Khi lng b tng nha nng ht th l : Q4 = 4.F.4
Trong :
4 : Khi lng b tng nha c ln cht 4 = 2,32 (tn/m3)
4 : Chiu dy lp 4 = 0,06 m
F : Din tch mt ng F = B.L = 119184 = 101024
m2
Q3 = 2,321010240,06 = 6667,58 (T)

Loi
Thnh phn
n v
nh mc
Khi lng
Lp trn
BTN nng ht mn
9,696
9.796,27
Lp di
BTN nng ht th
13,94
20.144,34
Da vo khi lng vt liu theo nh mc so vi tnh ton khng chnh

lch nhau nhiu v m bo khi lng vt liu cn thit cho xy dng
vt liu c chun b theo nh mc. Khi lng vt liu c tng hp vo
bng sau :
STT
Tn vt liu
n v
Khi lng
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
BTN nng ht mn
BTN nng ht th
4x6
2x4
1x2
0,5x1
Cp phi dm
T
T
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
9.796,27
20.144,34
15.274,82
180
186,43
250,72
28.453,85
III. Yu cu vt liu
kt cu o ng m bo yu cu chung th cc lp kt cu o ng
phi m bo c cc yu cu v vt liu sau:
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
1. Lp cp phi dm dy 30 cm
m bo lp cp phi dm hnh thnh c cng , chng phi
t c cc yu cu v thnh phn ht, v cng, v sch (t ln t thng
qua ch s do), v t l ht dt, ch s nghin.
- Lng tn tht LA (Lt Anglt ) 40% theo trng lng.
-
T l ht dt (theo trng lng ) 5% ( 22 TCN 57-84); ht dt c chiu
rng > 25 mm, b dy < 1/5, chiu di 5%.

- Ch s do 6% (TCN 4197-86 ).
- Gii hn chy (theo th nghim AASHTO 25) ;Ch s CBR (Ngm nc 4
ngy, ti thiu 80% ).
Quy nh ca cc ng b Vit Nam, t l cc ht lt qua sng nh sau:
ng knh mt sng
mm
50,0
37,5
T l lt qua sng
%
100
70 80
25,0
40 80
12,5
30 60
4,75
20 45
2,0
10 35
0,425
5 25
0,075
2 12
2. Lp dm Macadam dy 18 cm
phi ng u, c hnh khi sc cnh, cng t 600800 kg/cm2
hao mn ca 50 % (th nghim trong thng quay).
3. Lp b tng nha
Vt liu b tng nha c thnh phn ct liu bt khong v nha t c
cp phi tt nht c sn xut ti x nghip nhit 1401700C. Loi nha
c ch to t du m c kim ln 60/90. B tng nha phi m bo cc
yu cu v cht tiu chun, cc ch tiu c l ca b tng nha ri nng v
m bo c nhit nha lc thi cng.
- Nhit lc ri b tng nha phi m bo ln hn 100 120o.
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
- Lp b tng nha ht mn c kch thc ht ln nht l 15 mm.

- Lp b tng nha ht th c kch thc ln nht l 40 mm.
IV. Phm vi cung cp nguyn vt liu
- Cp phi dm tp trung on Km4 cch tuyn mt on 0,5Km
- dm Macadam c tp trung on Km1 cch tuyn mt on
0,5 Km.
- Hn hp b tng nha c cung cp ti x nghip b tng nha nm
pha trn u tuyn, cch u tuyn 2 Km.
Tt c cc vt liu dng xy dng mt ng u c ch bng xe
Maz200 c khi lng mt chuyn l 7 tn vi dung tch l 5 m3.
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
CHNG II
T CHC THI CNG
I. iu kin thi cng
1. Thi gian thi cng
Thi gian thi cng ton b lp mt c giao thu gii hn trong phm vi
5 thng. Cn c vo tnh hnh thi tit ca khu vc:
- Ma thu bt u t thng 4 n thng 10
- Ma kh bt u t thng 12 n thng 4
Da vo biu lng ma, ngy ma, biu nhit , m, lng
bc hi, hng gi, nhn thy thi gian thi cng t thng 11 n thng 4 l
thun li nht. Trong khong thi gian ny lng ma thp (thng cao nht l
thng 11 lng ma 500 mm), nhit khng cao lm (cao nht l thng 4 c
nhit trung bnh 310C ). S ngy c thi tit xu cng thp nht so vi
khong thi gian khc trong nm. Ngoi ra lng bc hi, m v nh hng
ca gi cng khng ng k, hon ton ph hp vi iu kin thi cng. Do ,
quyt nh chn ngy khi cng 1/12 v kt thc vo ngy 30/4.
Bng chi tit cc ngy
Thng
S ngy Ngy ch nht
Ngy l Ngy thi tit xu
12
31
30
28
31
30
Tng cng
122
22
20
S ngy thc t thi cng c tnh theo hai iu kin v ly gi tr nh hn.

Thd = T1 - tng = 122 - 22 - 4 = 96
ngy
Thd = T1 - tx = 122 - 20 = 102 ngy
Vy s ngy thc t thi cng l Thd = 96 (ngy)
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
2. n v thi cng
Vic thi cng tuyn ng c s giao thng vn ti ca tnh giao cho
Cng ty xy dng cu ng m nhim. Cng ty ny vi i ng cn b c
nng lc, lnh o c trnh qun l, t chc thi cng tt. i ng cng nhn
c tay ngh v tinh thn t gic cao. Mt khc, Cng ty c qu trnh lu di
trong cng tc xy dng ng nn c y kinh nghim v hon thnh ng
tin , thi cng vi cht lng cao.
n v c trang b y cc loi my mc v cc thit b khc, c
kh nng thi cng c gii ton b mt ng cp cao. My mc c n v
sa cha thng xuyn nn trong qu trnh thi cng lm vic lin tc.
3. iu kin thi cng
a hnh tuyn l a hnh vng thm ni, khng gy cn tr kh khn
lm cho thi cng.
Tuyn thi cng t ngy 1/12/98 n ngy 30/4/99. y l thi gian hon
ton vo ma kh, chu nh hng ca cn gi lo mang khng kh nng, lng
ma nh nn thun li cho vic xy dng. Khng b nh hng bt li cho 2 lp
b tng ri nng. S thi tit xu thp nht so vi cc thng trong nm, nh
hng ca bc hi, m v ch gi khng ng k nn hon ton ph
hp cho cng vic thi cng.
Dn c sng ri rc v tp trung theo bn lng dc theo tuyn. Dn y
c tinh thn cch mng cao, chp hnh cc chnh sch ca ng v nh nc.
Vic xy dng tuyn p ng c nhu cu thit thc ca h do h ht lng
ng h nn vic chn n v ng qun, t chc i sng cho cn b cng nhn
vin ca cng ty trong thi gian thi cng c nhiu thun li.
II. Phng php t chc thi cng
1. Chn phng php t chc thi cng
Trong xy dng ng c 3 phng php t chc thi cng : Phn on,
tun t, dy chuyn. Mi phng php t chc thi cng s gii quyt vn t
chc lc lng thi cng ( gm ngi v xe my ) vn phi hp cc khu thi
cng v khng gian, thi gian... cng khc nhau, do v cung ng vt t s
c gii quyt khc nhau v th t a cc on ng hon thnh vo s
dng cng s khc nhau.
- Cn c vo iu kin thi cng, tuyn di 9184 m, n v thi cng
c trang b my mc, vt t, trang thit b, nhn lc, cn b k thut c trnh
chuyn mn, cng nhn c tay ngh cao, tinh thn lao ng tt .
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
- Da trn c s u, khuyt im ca tng phng php t chc thi

cng v cn c vo iu kin thi cng thc t ca tuyn vi khi lng thi cng
dc tuyn ng u, kh nng cung cp vt liu ca c s vt cht m bo, n
v thi cng c nng lc tt, do chn phng php t chc thi cng dy
chuyn.
Phng php t chc thi cng dy chuyn: l phng php t chc m
qu trnh thao tc c phn chia thnh nhng bc cng vic c quan h
cht ch vi nhau v c sp xp theo mt trnh t hp l. Vic sn xut sn
phm c tin hnh lin tc, ng u theo mt hng v trong mt thi im
no s ng thi thi cng trn tt c cc ni lm vic ca dy chuyn.
Phng php thi cng theo dy chuyn l phng php thi cng c nhiu u
im.
- Sau thi k trin khai dy chuyn, cc on ng lm xong c a
vo s dng mt cch lin tc, to thun li cho mi mt thi cng, ng thi
pht huy hiu qu kinh t ca ng.
- My mc, phng tin c tp trung trong cc n v chuyn nghip
nn to iu kin s dng chng c li nht, d bo dng sa cha, d qun l
kim tra, m bo my mc lm vic c nng sut v cc ch tiu s dng khc
cao.
- Cng nhn c chuyn nghip ho do to iu kin nng cao
nghp v, nng cao tay ngh, tng nng sut v cht lng cng tc.
- Cng vic thi cng hng ngy ch tp trung trong chiu di trin khai
dy chuyn nn d ch o v kim tra, nht l sau khi dy chuyn i vo n
nh.
- To iu kin nng cao trnh t chc thi cng, p dng tin b khoa
hc k thut do gim c khi lng cng tc d dang.
2. Cc thng s dy chuyn
Thi gian hot ng ca dy chuyn Thd: l tng thi gian lm vic trn
tuyn ng xy dng ca mi lc lng lao ng v xe my ca dy chuyn,
tnh t lc bt u cng vic ca phn i u tin n khi kt thc cng vic
ca phn i cui cng.
Thi gian trin khai dy chuyn Tkt: l thi gian cn thit ln lt a
ton b cc phng tin sn xut vo hot ng theo ng trnh t ca qu trnh
cng ngh thi cng, tnh t lc dy chuyn chuyn nghip bt u trin khai n
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
khi dy chuyn cui cng trong dy chuyn tng hp bt u hot ng.

Ly Tkt = 10 ngy.
Thi k hon tt ca dy chuyn T ht: l thi gian cn thit ln lt a
ton b cc phng tin sn xut ra khi hot ng ca dy chuyn sau khi cc
phng tin ny hon thnh cng vic ca mnh theo ng qu trnh cng
ngh thi cng, tnh t lc chic my u tin ca dy chuyn chuyn nghip u
tin kt thc cng vic n khi chic my cui cng cng hon tt cng vic ca
mnh. Ly Tht = 10 ngy.
on cng tc ca dy chuyn L: l on ng c thi cng bng mt
dy chuyn c lp L = 9,184 Km.
Tc ca dy chuyn V: l chiu di on lm xong hon thnh
trong mt ca.
L
Tc ca dy chuyn xc nh theo cng thc: V = (T T ) n (m/ca)

hd
kt
Trong :
L : Chiu di on cng tc L = 9184 m

Thd : Thi gian hot ng ca dy chuyn Thd = 96 ngy
Tkt : Thi gian khai trin Tkt = 10 ngy
V = 106,79 m/ca
Tc thi cng trong thc t thng thng ly ln hn so vi tnh ton
chn tc dy chuyn V = 120 m/ca.
Thi k n nh ca dy chuyn Tod : l thi k hot ng ng thi ca
tt c cc dy chuyn chuyn nghip thuc dy chuyn tng hp vi tc
khng i, tnh t lc kt thc thi k khai trin dy chuyn n khi bt u
hon tt dy chuyn.
Ta c : Tod = Thd - (Tkt - Tht)
Trong : Tod: Thi gian hot ng ca dy chuyn
Tod = 96 ngy
Tkt : Thi gian khai trin ca dy chuyn
Tkt = 10 ngy
Tht : Thi gian hon tt ca dy chuyn
Tht = 10 ngy
Tod = 96 - (10+10) = 76 ngy
Tod
- H s hiu qu Khq = T
hd
- H s hiu qu Ktc =
Vy Khq = 0,8 > 0,7
Thq + 1
2
76
= 0,8
96
=
0,8 + 1
= 0,9
2
S dng phng n t chc dy chuyn
10
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Ktc = 0,9 > 0,85
c hiu qu tt.
III. Chn hng thi cng

Cn c vo phm vi cung cp vt liu cho ton tuyn:
- V tr m dm Macadam nm on Km1 cch tuyn mt on 0,5
Km.
- V tr m cp phi dm nm on Km4 cch tuyn mt on 0,5
Km.
- V tr x nghip sn xut hn hp b tng nha nm pha u tuyn
cch tuyn mt on 2 Km.
T
XNSX
BTN
M
M cp
dm
phi
Macadam
dm
Cn c vo iu kin thi cng thc t chn hng thi cng t AB.
u im ca hng thi cng ny c th vn dng mt ng lm xong vn
chuyn vt liu cho cc on thi cng sau, h c gi thnh cng tc vn
chuyn, ng thi li dng c xe vn chuyn lin tc ln p mt ng, lm
cho mt ng chng hnh thnh cng . Tuy nhin trong trng hp ny
vic t chc xe vn chuyn s kh khn do s xe vn chuyn thay i theo c ly
vn chuyn.
11
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
CHNG III
CNG TC CHUN B
Cng tc chun b trong qu trnh xy dng mt ng bao gm cc cng
vic sau:
- Cm li cc h thng tim v cc hai mp phn xe chy
- Thi cng lng ng
- m nn lng ng (K = 0,9 0,95)
I. Yu cu khi thi cng lng ng
- t kch thc b rng
B =7m
- t kch thc chiu su
h = 0,58m
- y lng ng c hnh dng mui luyn nh thit k mt, nhng on
ng cong th lng ng cng phi c siu cao.
- y lng ng phi c m nn v t cht K = 0,9 0,95,
pht hin ra nhng ch nn t yu kp thi x l.
- Thnh lng ng phi tng i vng chc v thng ng
II. Phng php xy dng lng ng
i vi xy dng lng ng c 3 phng php: p l hon ton, o
lng ng hon ton, p l mt phn o lng ng mt phn.
Cn c vo u nhc im ca cc phng php trn chn phng n
o lng ng mt phn, p l ng mt phn thi cng, s dng t o
lng ng p l ng.
Da vo kt cu mt ng vi chiu dy 58 cm v phn gia c c lm
ging nh kt cu mt ng dy 10cm. Do , chn phng n o lng
ng p l ng nh hnh v. t o lng ng tha c chuyn
sang ngang.
B=12
h=0,1m
0.48m
4%
2%
4%
b=11m 2
a=0.
5m
2%
12
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Khi lng p l ng trong 1 ca tnh bng : V = 2.F.L(m3)

Trong : L : chiu di on thi cng trong 1 ca L = 120m
F : din tch phn p l ng c tnh theo cng thc:
a 2 .i 0
a + (m.h + a )
F=
h +
2
2
Vi
m : dc mi ta luy m = 1,5
a : b rng l ng
a = 0,5m
i0 : dc ngang li0 = 4%
h : Chiu dy phn gia c l h = 0,1 m
F=
0,5 + (1,5.0,1 + 0,5)

0,5 2.4%
0,1 +
= 0,0625
2
2
m2
V = 20,0625120 = 15
(m3)
Khi lng o lng ng
V = h.B.L
Trong h : Chiu dy khi lng o h = 0,48 m
B : B rng phn o
B=7m
L : Chiu di on cng tc
L = 120 m
3
V = 0,487120 = 403,2 m
III. o lng ng
S dng my san D144 lm my ch o o lng ng vi s
chy my nh hnh v.
Khi o t gc y = 40, chiu di li san 2 m.
Khi vn chuyn t gc y = 50, chiu di li 2,4 m.
S chy my san o lng ng
1
3
2
4
5
8
8 : hnh trnh san li lng ng
13
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
1,3,5,6,7 : cc hnh trnh xn t

2,4 : cc hnh trnh chuyn t p
Nng sut ca my c tnh : N =
Trong :
nx
60.T.F.L.K t
(m3/ca)
t
T : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 ca T = 8 h

Kt: H s s dng thi gian
Kt = 0,7
F : Din tch o lng ng F = b.h = 0,487 = 3,36 m2
L : Chiu di on thi cng trong 1 ca L = 120 m
t : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 chu k
nc
ns
t = 2.L.( V + V + V ) + 2.t.(nx+ no + nS)

x
c
s
Vi t : Thi gian quay u t = 5 pht
nx, nc, nS : S ln my xn, chuyn v san t trong 1 chu k, c xc
nh theo s nx = 5; nc = 2; ns = 1
Vx, Vc, VS : Tc my xn, chuyn v san t.
Vx = 37,5; Vc = 41,2; Vs = 100
(m/pht )
5
t = 2120.( 37,5 +
N=
2
41,2
60.8.3,36.120.0,7
126
1
)
100
= 1075,2
+ 25(5+ 2 + 1) = 126 (pht)

(m3/ca)
Vy s ca cn thit trn mt on thi cng : n =
V
N
403,2
1075,2
= 0,375 ca
Sau khi hon thnh qu trnh ny, phi tin hnh cc bin php thot nc
tm thi nh x rnh ngang... trnh lm nc ng, ph hoi kt cu lng
ng mi o.
Trong sut qu trnh thi cng lng ng phi thng xuyn kim tra cao
v dc lng ng bng my o c, ng thi kim tra hnh dng lng
ng bng thc mu nhm m bo khi thi cng xong c nhng sai s nm
trong phm vi cho php.
Sai s cho php khi thi cng lng ng l:
- B rng lng ng cho php sai s 10cm.
- dc ngang v dc ca lng ng sai s 5%.
- bng phng theo chiu ngang khng c ln hn 2,5cm.
14
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
IV. m nn lng ng
tng cng t lng ng sau khi lm xong th cn tin hnh m
nn sao cho lng ng bng phng, c mui luyn theo thit k. Sau khi m
nn xong lng ng phi t c cht yu cu K = 0.90,95.
1. Chn phng tin m nn
Vic chn phng tin m nn c nh hng rt ln n cht lng ca
cng tc m nn. Phng tin m nn phi c p lc m nn ln hn cng
gii hn ca lp vt liu. Tuy nhin, p lc m nn cng khng c ln
hn tr s cng gii hn ca lp vt liu qu nhiu. V nh vy vt liu s
b tri, bin dng di tc dng ca phng tin m nn nhng nu p lc nh
hn cng gii hn ca lp vt liu th vic m nn s khng hiu qu,
khng t cht yu cu v tn nhiu cng. Tr s cng gii hn ca lp
vt liu s thay i vi xu hng tng dn trong sut qu trnh m nn, do
vic chn phng tin m nn phi xt cng gii hn ca lp vt liu ti
thi im cui ca qu trnh m nn.
Dng loi lu 6 tn c 2 bnh 2 trc, b rng bnh sau 1,5m, p lc trung
bnh ca lu 715 kg/cm2.
2. S lu
Vic thit k b tr s lu m bo cc yu cu sau:
- S ln tc ng m nn phi ng u khp mt ng.
- B tr m nn sao cho to iu kin tng nhanh hiu qu m nn,
to c hnh dng nh thit k trc ngang mt ng.
- Phi b tr sao cho cc vt bnh lu chng ln vt bnh lu trc t nht
l 1520 cm.
S lu bnh st 6 tn
( 2 bnh 2 trc )
7m
1
15 150
2
3 80
70 4
5
9
10
15
7
8
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
3. Tng s hnh trnh lu

Vi s nh hnh v trn, t c cht K= 0.90.95 th lu phi
chy 6 ln/im. Tng s hnh trnh lu c tnh: N = nck.nht
Trong :
nck : S chu k cn phi thc hin
Vi : nyc : S ln yu cu tc dng
nyc = 6 ln
n : S ln tc dng c sau mt chu k
nck =
6
2
=3
nck =
n yc
n
n=2
(ln)
nht : S hnh trnh lu phi thc hin trong mt chu k nht = 10

N = 310 =30 (ln)
4. Nng sut v s ca lu cn thit
Nng sut m nn lng ng ca lu ph thuc vo hnh trnh lu trong
mt chu k v c xc nh theo cng thc:
T.K t .L
P = ( L + 0,01.L )
.N.
V
Trong :
Km/ca
T : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 ca T = 8 h

Kt : H s s dng thi gian
Kt = 0,9
L : Chiu di on thi cng
L = 0,12 Km
: H s nh hng do lu khng chnh xc = 1,25
V : Vn tc lu
V = 2 Km/h
N : Tng s hnh trnh lu N = 30 ln
P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .30.1,25
2
S ca lu cn thit n =
L
0,12
=
= 0,32
P
0,38
= 0,38
Km/ca
(ca)
16
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
V. m nn l ng
Do b rng l ng hp nn dng m cc m nn l ng. Theo
kinh nghim thc t sn xut, nng sut ca m cc l P = 0.3 Km/ca.
S ca cn thit m l ng l:
n=
17
2.L
P
2.0.12
0,3
= 0,8(ca)
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
CHNG IV
QUY TRNH CNG NGH THI CNG
CC LP KT CU MT
I. Thi cng lp cp phi dm
Da vo kt cu o ng chiu dy lp cp phi dm dy 30cm.
m bo lu ln t hiu qu cao, lp ny c phn lm hai lp thi cng.
- Lp mng trn dy 14cm
- Lp mng di dy 16cm
1. Trnh t v cng ngh thi cng
a. Vn chuyn cp phi dm n hin trng thi cng
Khng c dng th cng xc ln xe (trnh phn tng), phi dng
my xc gu ngom hoc my xc gu thun bnh lp. Phi kim tra thnh
phn cp phi v bn trc khi nhn cp phi dm.
Phi ti m cp phi dm trc khi xc v ti m trn thng xe
trc khi chuyn tr.
b. Di cp phi dm
B dy mi ln ri sau khi ln cht t 1518cm. B dy ri cp phi
dm phi nhn vi h s ti xp Kt v khng ch bng xc xc.
t ch cp phi dm ra hin trng thi cng nn mt xe thnh
23 ng gn nhau c ly san cng ngn cng tt.
c. Lu ln lp cp phi dm
Trc khi lu ti nc (ti u khng dng vi phun mnh), c th ti
n m cp phi dm bng 4,55% (tri nng thng ti 23lt/m2).
Dng lu bnh cng lu khong 616 ln/im sau dng lu bnh lp t
2025 ln/im, cui cng dng lu bnh st 810 tn lu l phng.
Trong khi lu thng xuyn ti m b ph.
2. Thi cng lp di cp phi dm dy 16 cm
a. Khi lng cp phi dm
Khi lng cp phi dng ri lp mng di 16cm vi h s ln p K
= 1,3 c ly theo nh mc l: 22,85 m3/100m2.
L.B
Khi lng vt liu cn cho mt on
Q = 22,85 100
18
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Trong : L : Chiu di on thi cng trong 1 ca

B : B rng mt ng B= 7 m
Q = 22,85
120.7
100
L = 120 m
= 191,94 (m3)
b. Vn chuyn vt liu cp phi dm

Dng xe Maz 200 vn chuyn vt liu t kho bi ra hin trng.
Nng sut vn chuyn ca xe P = nht.P
Trong :
P : Lng vt liu m xe c th ch c P = 5 m3
nht : S hnh trnh trong 1 ca c tnh
vi
T.K t
t
T : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 ca

T=8h
Kt = 0,7
t : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 chu k c tnh bng cng thc :
t = tb + td +
vi
nht =
2.L tb
V
tb : Thi gian xc cp phi ln xe

tb= 15
td : Thi gian cp phi xung ng v tr quy nh
td =7
V : Vn tc xe chy trung bnh V = 30 Km/h
Ltb : C ly vn chuyn trung bnh c xc nh theo cng thc :
2.l1 .( l 2 + l 3 ) + l 3 2
Ltb=
2.( l 2 + l 3 )
l1, l2, l3 c xc nh theo hnh v sau :

l3
l2
A
l1
M cp
phi
dm
l1 = 0,5 Km ;
l2 = 1 Km ; l3 = 8,184 Km
2.0,5.( 4 + 5,184 ) + 5,184 2
Ltb=
= 2 (km)
2.( 4 + 5,184 )
t=
15
60
nht =
7
60
8.0,7
0,5
2 .2
30
= 0,5 (h)
= 11,2
19
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
nng sut vn chuyn P = 11,25 = 56

S ca xe cn vn chuyn : n =
Q
P
(m3/ca)
191,94
=
56
3,4 (ca)
Khong cch gia cc ng vt liu cn :
L=
Q
B.h 1
(m)
Trong : Q : Khi lng chuyn ch ca mt t

Q = 5 m3
h1 : Chiu dy lp vt liu khi cha nn cht h1 = h.k
vi h : Chiu dy lp vt liu cn thit theo thit k h = 0,16 m
K : H s lu ln ca lp vt liu
K =1,3
h1 = 0,161,3 = 0,208 (m)
L=
5
7.0,208
= 3,43 (m)
c. San ri vt liu cp phi dm

Dng my san t hnh D 144 san lp vt liu theo s sau :
1
3
2
4
5
6
7
10
7
m
Nng sut ca my san c xc nh theo cng thc :
N=
60.T.K t .Q
t
Trong : T : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 ca

T=8h
Kt = 0,7
Q : Khi lng hon thnh trong 1 on cng tc Q = K.h.b.L
vi K : H s lu ln K= 1,35
h : Chiu dy lp vt liu theo thit k
h = 0,16 m
b : B rng mt ng b = 7 m
L = 120 m
Q = 1,350,167120 = 181,44 (m3)
20
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
t : Thi gian lm vic trong mt chu k hon thnh 1 on thi cng

t = n.
vi
L
V
+ n.tqd
n : S hnh trnh chy my khoan trong 1 chu k n = 10

V : Vn tc trung bnh khi san 50 m/pht
tqd : Thi gian mt ln quay u
tq = 3 pht
t = 10
120
50
+ 103 = 54
Vy nng sut my san: N =
(pht)
60.8.0,7.181,44
54
(m3/ca)
= 1128,96
S ca my san trn mt on ng thi cng : n =
Q
N
(ca)
Trong : Q : Khi lng vt liu Q =191,94 m3

N : Nng sut my san theo tnh ton N =1128,96 m3/ca
n=
191,94
= 0,17
1128,96
(ca)
d. Lu ln lp mng di cp phi dm dy 16 cm
Sau khi san xong vt liu, tin hnh lu ln vi cht K 0,95.
- Dng lu rung bnh cng 6 tn vi s ln 10 ln/im.
- Dng lu bnh lp 10 tn vi s ln lu 20 ln/im.
- Dng lu bnh st 10 tn vi s ln lu 4ln/im.
Nng sut ca lu ph thuc vo hnh trnh ca lu trong mt chu k v c xc
nh theo cng thc:
P=
T.K t .L
(L + 0,01.L)
.N.
V
Km/ca
Trong :

: H s nh hng do lu khng chnh xc
V : Vn tc lu
N : Tng s hnh trnh lu
Vi lu rung bnh cng 6 T, lu 10 ln/im
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 50 ln; = 1,25; V = 3 Km/h.
P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .50.1,25
3
S ca lu cn thit: n =
= 0,34
Km/ca
L
0,12
=
= 0,35 (ca)
P
0,34
21
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
S lu rung bnh st 6 tn
( 2 bnh 2 trc )
7m
1
15 150
2
3 80
70 4
5
9
10
7
8
Vi lu bnh lp 10 T, lu 20 ln/im
S lu bnh lp 10 tn
(3 bnh 2 trc)
7m
15 508050
2
25 4 3
6
11
13
15
22
10
12
14
16
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 208 ln; = 1,25; V = 2,5 Km/h.

P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .208.1,25
2,5
= 0,068
L
0,12
=
=1,76
P
0,068
Km/ca
(ca)
Vi lu bnh st 10 T, lu 4 ln/im
S lu ging nh s lu bnh lp 10 tn.
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 32 ln; = 1,25; V = 2 Km/h.
P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .32.1,25
2
S ca lu cn thit : n =
= 0,36
Km/ca
L 0,12
=
= 0,33 (ca)
P 0,36
3. Thi cng lp mng trn cp phi dm dy 14cm

a. Khi lng lp mng trn cp phi dm
Khi lng cp phi dm dng ri lp mng trn dy 14 cm vi h
s ln p K= 1,3 c ly theo nh mc.
Q dm
.L.B
100
Khi lng vt liu cn cho mt ca cng tc : Q =

Kt qu tnh ton c thng k vo bng sau:
M hiu
114215
Thnh phn
nh mc
100 m3
Khi lng trong

1 on cng tc
Cp phi
19.99
167.92
t dnh
0.4
3.36
Ct sn
1.02
8.57
Vy tng khi lng thi cng Q = 179,85 m3

b. Vn chuyn vt liu cp phi dm
Dng xe Maz200 vn chuyn vt liu ra hin trng vi c ly vn chuyn
trung bnh Ltb = 2 Km v nng xut vn chuyn P = 56 m3/ca.
Q 179,85
=
= 3,21
P
56
Q
B.h 1
S ca cn vn chuyn trn mt on cng tc : n =

Khong cch gia cc ng vt liu cn L =
ca
Trong Q : Khi lng chuyn ch ca mt t Q = 5 m3
23
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
B : B rng mt ng
B=7m
K: H s lu ln ca lp vt liu K =1,3
h1 = 0,141,3 = 0,182 m
L=
5
7.0,182
= 3,92 (m)
c. San ri vt liu cp phi dm

Dng my san t hnh D144 san lp vt liu theo s sau :
1
3
2
4
5
6
7
10
7
m
N=
60.T.K t .Q
t
Trong
T=8h
Kt = 0,7
h : Chiu dy lp vt liu theo thit k h =0,14 m
L = 120 m
Q = 1,350,147120 = 158,76 (m3)
t = n.
vi
L
V
+ n.tqd

V : Vn tc trung bnh khi san 50m/pht
tq = 3 pht
24
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
t =10
120
50
+ 103 = 54
(pht)
60.8.0,7.158,76
54
= 987,84 (m3/ca)
S ca my san trn mt on ng thi cng :

vi
n=
Q
N
Q : Khi lng vt liu dng trong 1 ca theo nh mc Q=179,85 m3

N : Nng sut my san theo tnh ton N = 987,84 m3/ca
n=
179,85
= 0,18
987,84
(ca)
d. Lu ln lp cp phi
Sau khi san xong vt liu, tin hnh lu ln vi cht K 0,95.
- Dng lu rung bnh cng 6 tn vi s ln 10 ln/im
- Dng lu bnh lp 10 tn vi s ln lu 20 ln/im
- Dng lu bnh st 810 tn lu l phng 4 ln/im
Nng sut ca lu ph thuc vo hnh trnh ca lu trong mt chu k v c xc
nh theo cng thc:
P=
T.K t .L
(L + 0,01.L)
.N.
V
Km/ca
Trong :

V : Vn tc lu
Vi lu rung bnh cng 6 T, lu 10 ln/im
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 50 ln; = 1,25; V = 3 Km/h.
P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .50.1,25
3
= 0,34
L
0,12
=
= 0,35
P
0,34
Km/ca
(ca)
Vi lu bnh lp 10 T, lu 20 ln/im
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 208 ln; = 1,25; V = 2,5 Km/h.
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .208.1,25
2,5
= 0,068
25
P=
Km/ca
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
L
0,12
=
=1,76
P
0,068
(ca)
Vi lu bnh st 10 T, lu 4 ln/im
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 32 ln; = 1,25; V = 2 Km/h.
P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .32.1,25
2
= 0,36
Km/ca
L
0,12
=
= 0,33 (ca)
P 0,36
II. Thi cng lp dm Macadam

Da vo kt cu ng, chiu dy lp mng dm Macadam dy 18 cm.
m bo lu ln t hiu qu cao, lp ny c chia thnh 2 lp thi cng.
- Lp mng trn dy 8 cm.
- Lp mng di dy 10 cm.
a. Vn chuyn vt liu dm ra hin trng
- Phi kim tra cht lng ca trc khi nhn.
b. Ri lp dm Macadam
- B dy mi ln ri sau khi ln cht t 815 cm. B dy ri phi
nhn vi h s ti sp Kt = 1,3.
- t ch ra hin trng nn ra thnh tng ng gn nhau.
c. Lu ln
- Trng lng ca lu phi ph hp khng c nng hay nh qu
trnh ph hoi cc b lp rm hoc pht sinh bin dng ph hoi kt cu.
- S ln lu phi va trnh qu nhiu hoc qu t. Nu nhiu qu s
b trn cnh lm gim cng kt cu, t th khng m bo cng .
- Qu trnh lu lp rm Macadam gm 3 giai on:
Giai on 1 (giai on ln xp) : Dng lu bnh cng 6 tn 2 bnh 2 trc
vi s ln lu t 810 ln/im v vn tc lu 2 Km/h. Sau 34 ln u lu khng
ti nc nhng nhng ln sau c ti nc vi lng nc 45 l/m2. Trong
qu trnh ny phi kp thi b vo nhng ch thiu.
Giai on 2 (giai on lu cht) : Dng lu 10 tn 3 bnh 2 trc vi s ln
lu 2535 ln/im v vn tc 2Km/h. Trong sut qu trnh ny khi lu phi ti
nc vi 1015 l/m2.
Giai on 3 (giai on ri v lu chn) : Cng tc ri chn c tin
hnh bng nhn cng. Sau khi ri phi tin hnh qut ri u lm cho chui
26
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
vo cc khe h nu khng s b v khi lu. Giai on ny dng lu nng 10 tn

3 bnh 3 trc v phi ti nc vi lng nc khong 20 l/m2.
2. Thi cng lp mng di dm Macadam dy 10 cm
Khi lng cp phi dng ri lp mng di 10cm vi h s ln p K
= 1,3 c ly theo nh mc l: 13,2 m3/100m2.
Khi lng vt liu cn cho mt on cng tc :
L.B
Q = 13,2 100
Trong : L : Chiu di on thi cng trong 1 ca

B : B rng mt ng B= 7 m
Q = 13,2
120.7
100
L = 120 m
= 110,88 (m3)
b. Vn chuyn vt liu dm
Dng xe Maz 200 vn chuyn vt liu t kho bi ra hin trng.
Trong :
P : Lng vt liu m xe c th ch c P = 5 m3
vi
T.K t
t

T=8h
Kt = 0,7
t = tb + td +
vi
nht =
2.L tb
V

tb= 15
td =7
2.l1 .( l 2 + l 3 ) + l 3 2
Ltb=
2.( l 2 + l 3 )
l1, l2, l3 c xc nh theo hnh v sau :

l2
l1 = 0,5 Km
l2 = 1 Km
l3 = 8,184 Km
l3
B
l1
M
dm
Macadam
27
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Ltb=
2.0,5.(1 + 8,184 ) + 8,184 2

2.(1 + 8,184 )
t =
15
60
nht =
8.0,7
0,64
7
60
2.4,15
30
= 8,75
= 4,15
= 0,64
(Km)
(h)
nng sut vn chuyn P = 8,755 = 43,75 (m3/ca)
Q
P
110,88
43,75
= 2,53
(ca)
L=
Q
B.h 1
Trong : Q : Khi lng chuyn ch ca mt t

Q = 5 m3
K : H s lu ln ca lp vt liu
K =1,3
h1 = 0,11,3 = 0,13
L=
(m)
5
7.0,13
= 5,5
(m)
c. San ri vt liu dm
Dng my san t hnh D144 san lp vt liu theo s sau :
1
3
2
4
5
6
7
10
7
m
N=
60.T.K t .Q
t
Trong :
T=8h
Kt = 0,7
28
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC

h = 0,1 m
L = 120 m
Q = 1,30,17120 = 109,2 (m3)
t = n.
vi
L
V
+ n.tqd

tq = 3 pht
t = 10
120
50
+ 103 = 54
(pht)
60.8.0,7.109,2
54
= 679,46

vi
n=
n=
(m3/ca)
Q
N
Q : Khi lng vt liu dng trong 1 ca theo nh mc Q =110,88 m3

110,88
= 0,16
679,46
(ca)
d. Lu ln lp mng di dm Macadam dy 10 cm
- Dng lu bnh cng 6 tn vi s ln 10 ln/im.
- Dng lu bnh lp 10 tn vi s ln lu 26 ln/im.
Nng sut ca lu c tnh theo cng thc:
Trong :
P=
T.K t .L
(L + 0,01.L)
Km/ca
.N.
V

7m
V : Vn tc lu
Vi lu bnh cng 6 T, s ln 1
lu 10 ln/im
15 150
S lu bnh st 6 tn
2 ( 2 bnh 2 trc )
3 80
70 4
5
6
7
8
9
29
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
10
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 50 ln; = 1,25; V = 2 Km/h.

8.0,9.0,12
P = ( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .50.1,25 = 0,23
Km/ca
L
0,12
=
= 0,52 (ca)
P
0,23
Vi lu bnh cng 10 T, lu 26 ln/im

T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 208 ln; = 1,25; V = 2 Km/h.
P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12 ) .208.1,25
2
= 0,055
L
0,12
=
= 2,2
P 0,055
Km/ca
(ca)
7m
S lu bnh lp 10 tn
15 508050(3 bnh 2 trc)
2
25 4 3
5
6
9
7
10
8
11
12
13
14
15
30 16Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
3. Thi cng lp mng trn dm Macadam dy 8 cm

Khi lng cp phi dng ri lp mng trn dm Macadam 8cm
vi h s ln p K = 1,3 c ly theo nh mc l: 13,2 m3/100m2.
Khi lng vt liu cn cho mt ca cng tc : Q =
Q dm
.L.B
100
Kt qu tnh ton c thng k vo bng sau:

M hiu
114111
Thnh phn
nh mc
100 m3
Khi lng trong

1 on cng tc
46
10,56
88,7
24
0,28
2,35
12
0,29
2,43
0,51
0,39
3,28
Vy tng khi lng thi cng Q = 96,76 m3

b. Vn chuyn vt liu dm
Dng xe Maz 200 vn chuyn vt liu c ly vn chuyn trung bnh L tb
= 4,15 Km v nng sut vn chuyn P = 43,75 (m3/ca).
Q
P
Vi 46 n =
88,7
=2
43,75
Vi 12 n =
2,43
= 0,06
43,75
(ca)
(ca)
24 n =
2,35
= 0,05
43,75
(ca) 0,51 n =
31
(ca)
3,28
= 0,07
43,75
(ca)
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC

Vi Q = 5 m3;
L=
B = 7 m;
5
7.0,104
L=
Q
B.h 1
h1 = 0,104 m
= 6,87 (m)
c. San ri vt liu dm
Dng my san t hnh D144 san lp vt liu, s chy my san
ging nh lp mng di dm Macadam.
N=
60.T.K t .Q
t
Trong :
T=8h
Kt = 0,7
h = 0,08 m
L = 120 m
Q = 1,30,087120 = 87,36
(m3)
t = n.
vi
L
V
+ n.tqd
n : S hnh trnh chy my san trong 1 chu k

n = 10
tq = 3 pht
t = 10
120
50
+ 103 = 54
(pht)
60.8.0,7.87,36
54

vi
n=
= 543,57
n=
(m3/ca)
Q
N
Q : Khi lng vt liu dng trong 1 ca theo nh mc Q =96,76 m3

96,76
= 0,18
543,57
(ca)
d. Lu ln lp mng di dm Macadam dy 10 cm
- Dng lu bnh cng 6 tn , lu 10 ln/im.
- Dng lu bnh lp 10 tn, lu 26 ln/im.
32
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
- Dng lu bnh st 10 tn , lu 4 ln/im.

Lu ln lp mng trn ging nh lp mng di dm Macadam.
Ring lp mng trn dng thm lu bnh st 10 tn vi s ln 4 ln/im lu
chn. S lu ging nh lu bnh lp.
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 52 ln; = 1,25; V = 2 Km/h.
P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .52.1,25
2
= 0,22
Km/ca
L
0,12
=
= 0,55 (ca)
P 0,22
III. Thi cng lp b tng nha

a. Chun b lp mng
- Lm sch kh v bng phng lp mng, x l dc ngang cho ng
thit k.
- Dng xe ti nha vi lng nha tiu chun 0,81 kg/m2, nha lng
c tc c trung bnh v nht 70/130.
- t thanh g dc mp ng v ng cc st ghim li nh v tr v
cao ri hai mp mt ng ng vi thit k.
- Kim tra cao bng my cao c.
b. Vn chuyn hn hp b tng nha ra hin trng
- Dng xe Maz200 vn chuyn vt liu.
- Phi kim tra nhit ca hn hp b tng nha t 100120 C
trc khi ri.
c. Ri hn hp b tng nha
- Dng my ri D699 c vt ri bng 2,75m thi cng.
d. Lu ln hn hp b tng nha
- Dng lu bnh hi 16 tn lu 1012 ln trn im. T 45 ln u lu vi
vn tc 23 Km/h, sau ch lu phn xe chy 7m vi vn tc 58 Km/h.
- Dng lu bnh cng 10 tn lu 4 ln/im vi vn tc 4 Km/h.
2. Thi cng lp b tng nha nng ht th dy 6 cm
a. Khi lng b tng nha
Khi lng b tng nha nng ht th dy 7cm vi h s ln p K = 1,1
c ly theo nh mc l : 13,94 tn/100m2.
Khi lng b tng nha nng ht th cn cho mt on thi cng l :
33
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Q = 13,94.
120.11
= 263,21
100
(T)
b. Vn chuyn hn hp b tng nha

Dng xe Maz200 vn chuyn hn hp b tng nha ra hin trng.
Trong :
P : Lng vt liu m xe c th ch c P = 7 tn
vi
T.K t
t

T=8h
Kt = 0,7
t = tb + td +
vi
nht =
2.L tb
V

tb= 14
td =7
2.l1 .( l 2 + l 3 ) + l 3 2
Ltb=
2.( l 2 + l 3 )
l3
l2
XN sn
xut
BTN
l1 = 0 Km ; l2 = 2 Km ; l3 = 11,184 Km
2.0,0.( 2 +11,184 ) +11,184 2
Ltb=
= 4,74 (km)
2.( 2 +11,184)
t=
14
60
nht =
7
60
8.0,7
0,67
2.4,74
30
= 0,67 (h)
= 8,4
nng sut vn chuyn P = 8,47 = 58,8

Q
P
(T/ca)
263,21
=
58,8
4,48
(ca)
Dng my D696 c vt bnh bng 2,75m ri hn hp b tng nha
34
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
theo s sau :
S ri hn hp b tng nha
1
2
3
4
2,75
11m
Nng sut ca my ri : P = 60.T.B.h..V.K

Trong T : Thi gian chy trong 1 ca T = 8 h
B : Chiu rng lp b tng nha
B = 11 m
h : B dy lp b tng nha
h = 0,06 m
: Dung trng ca BTN c lu ln = 2,32 tn/m3
V : Vn tc di chuyn ca my ri
V = 2,7 m/pht
K : H s s dng thi gian
K = 0,75
P = 608110,062,322,70,75 = 1488,32 tn/ca
s ca my ri hn hp BTN :
n =
Q
P
263,21
1736,38
= 0,18
(ca)
- Dng lu bnh hi 16 tn vi s ln lu 10 ln/im.
- Dng lu bnh thp 10 tn vi s ln lu 4 ln/im.
Nng sut ca lu c tnh theo cng thc:
Trong :
P=
T.K t .L
(L + 0,01.L)
Km/ca
.N.
V

V : Vn tc lu
35
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Vi lu bnh hi 1 6 T, s ln lu 10 ln/im
S lu bnh hi 16 tn
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 60 ln; = 1,25

Lu 5 lt u vi vn tc Vtb = 2,5 Km/h
P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .60.1,25
2,5
= 0,28
Km/ca
L 0,12
=
= 0,43 (ca)
P 0,28
Lu 5 lt sau vi vn tc Vtb = 6,5 Km/h

P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .60.1,25
6,5
= 0,74 Km/ca
L
0,12
=
= 0,16 (ca)
P
0,74
36
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Vi lu bnh thp 10 T, s ln lu 4 ln/im

S lu bnh thp 10 tn
( 3 bnh 2 trc )
T = 8 h; Kt = 0,9; L = 120 m; N = 46 ln; = 1,25; V = 4 Km/h.

P=
8.0,9.0,12
( 0,12 + 0,01.0,12) .46.1,25
4
= 0,5
Km/ca
L 0,12
=
= 0,24 (ca)
P
0,5
2. Thi cng lp b tng nha nng ht mn dy 4 cm

a. Khi lng b tng nha
Khi lng b tng nha nng ht mn dy 4cm vi h s ln p K = 1,1
c ly theo nh mc l : 9,696 tn/100m2.
Khi lng b tng nha nng ht th cn cho mt on thi cng l :
Q=
9,696.
120.11
=128
100
(T)
b. Vn chuyn hn hp b tng nha

Dng xe Maz200 vn chuyn hn hp b tng nha ra hin trng vi
c ly trung bnh Ltb = 4,74 Km v nng sut vn chuyn P = 58,8 (T/ca)
37
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Nng sut vn chuyn ca xe

P = nht.P
Q
P
128
58,8
= 2,18
(ca)
Dng my D699 c vt bnh bng 2,75m ri hn hp b tng nha
theo s san ging nh thi cng lp BTN ht th.
Nng sut ca my ri : P = 60.T.B.h..V.K
Trong T : Thi gian chy trong 1 ca T = 8 h
B : Chiu rng lp b tng nha
B = 11 m
h : B dy lp b tng nha
h = 0,04 m
: Dung trng ca BTN c lu ln = 2,32 tn/m3
V : Vn tc di chuyn ca my ri
V = 2,7 m/pht
K : H s s dng thi gian
K = 0,75
P = 608110,042,322,70,75 = 992,22
tn/ca
s ca my ri hn hp BTN :
n =
Q
P
182
992,22
= 0,13
(ca)
Ging nh thi cng lp BTN ht th
- Dng lu bnh hi 16 tn vi s ln lu 10 ln/im.
- Dng lu bnh thp 10 tn vi s ln lu 4 ln/im.
Vi lu bnh hi 1 6 T, s ln lu 10 ln/im
Lu 5 lt u vi vn tc Vtb = 2,5 Km/h
Nng sut ca my lu : P = 0,28
Km/ca
L 0,12
=
= 0,43 (ca)
P 0,28
Lu 5 lt sau vi vn tc Vtb = 6,5 Km/h

Km/ca
L
0,12
=
= 0,16 (ca)
P
0,74
Vi lu bnh thp 10 T, s ln lu 4 ln/im

Km/ca
L 0,12
=
= 0,24 (ca)
P
0,5
IV. Kin ngh qu trnh s dng lu

Qu trnh lu ln l mt qu trnh quan trng, n quyt nh cht lng ca
tuyn v khng ch thi gian thi cng ca con ng. Cho nn lm tt cng
38
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
tc lu ln ti kin ngh nh sau :

- S lt lu v loi lu phi cn c vo tnh ton v kinh nghim trnh
lm h hng, ph hoi cc b nn v mt ng.
- Trong qu trnh lu phi thng xuyn kim tra cao , mui luyn,
bng phng ca cc lp.
- S ca my lu trong thc t ln hh nhiu so vi tnh ton. Vy c
s ca lu hp l, cn c vo nh mc v yu cu c th ca tng cng tc
kin ngh tng s ca lu s dng, sao cho vic t chc tin thi cng theo gi
hp l nht, m bo yu cu m nn v tn dng nhiu nht thi gian lm
vic ca lu.
Kt qu tnh ton c lp vo bng sau :
39
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Bng tnh ton ca my
STT
S ca lu
Tn cng tc
nh mc Tnh ton Kin ngh

1
o lng ng
Lu bnh st 6T, 6ln/im
0.32
0.32
m l ng bng m cc
0.8
0.8
0.35
0.4
Lu bnh lp 10T, 20 ln/im
1.76
1.8
Lu bnh st 10T, 4 ln/im
0.33
0.4
0.35
0.4
1.76
1.8
0.33
0.4
Lp cp phi dm 16 cm
2
11.42
Lp cp phi dm 14 cm
3
14.28
Lp dm Macadam 10cm
4
10.08
0.52
2.2
Lp dm Macadam 8cm
5
10
0.52
2.2
0.55
Lp BTN ht th dy 6cm
6
Lu bnh hi 16T, 10ln/im
0.84
0.59

Lp BTN ht mn dy 4cm
1.58
0.25
0.76
0.59
1.45
0.25
40
0.6
0.6
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Bng tm tt quy trnh cng ngh thi cng mt ng

( tc dy chuyn 120m/ca )
STT
Ni dung
Khi lng
Nng sut
S
ca my
1075.2 m3/ca
0.375
0.38 Km/ca
0.32
0.3 Km/ca
0.8
Thi cng lng ng

o lng ng bng my san 403.2 m3
1 p l ng bng my san
15 m3

Vtb=2Km/h
m cc l ng
Thi cng lp mng di cp phi dm dy 16cm

Vn chuyn vi Ltb =2Km
San lp cp phi, my san
2 D144
Lu rung bnh st 6T
191.94 m3
56 m3/ca
3.4
191.94 m3 1128.96 m3/ca
0.17
0.12 Km
0.34 Km/ca
0.35
0.12 Km
0.068 Km/ca
1.76
0.12 Km
0.36 Km/ca
0.33
10 ln/im, Vtb =3Km/h

Lu bnh lp 10T
20 ln/im, Vtb =2,5Km/h
Lu bnh st 10T
4 ln/im, Vtb =2Km/h
Thi cng lp mng trn cp phi dm dy 14cm
Vn chuyn vi Ltb =2Km
San lp cp phi, my san
3 D144
Lu rung bnh st 6T
179.85 m3
56 m3/ca
3.21
179.85 m3 987.84 m3/ca
0.18
0.12 Km
0.34 Km/ca
0.35
0.12 Km
0.068 Km/ca
1.76

Lu bnh lp 10T
20 ln/im, Vtb =2,5Km/h
41
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
STT
Ni dung
Lu bnh st 10T
Khi lng
Nng sut
S
ca my
0.12 Km
0.36 Km/ca
0.33
4 ln/im, Vtb =2Km/h

Thi cng lp mng di dm Macadam dy 10cm
Vn chuyn vi Ltb =4.15Km
4 My san D144
Lu bnh st 6T
110.88 m3
43.75 m3/ca
2.53
110.88 m3 679.46 m3/ca
0.16
0.12 Km
0.23 Km/ca
0.52
0.12 Km
0.055 Km/ca
2.2

Lu bnh lp 10T
Thi cng lp mng trn dm Macadam dy 8cm
4x6
88.7 m3
43.75 m3/ca
2x4
2.35 m3
43.75 m3/ca
0.05
1x2
2.43 m3
43.75 m3/ca
0.06
0.5x1
3.28 m3
43.75 m3/ca
0.07
San lp dm, my san

D144
96.76 m3
543.57 m3/ca
0.18
Lu bnh st 6T
0.12 Km
0.23 Km/ca
0.52
0.12 Km
0.055 Km/ca
2.2

Lu bnh lp 10T
42
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
STT
Ni dung
Lu bnh st 10T
Khi lng
Nng sut
S
ca my
0.12 Km
0.22 Km/ca
0.55
4 ln/im, Vtb =2Km/h

Thi cng lp b tng nha nng ht th 6cm
263.21 m3
Ri hn hp bng my D696
263.21 m3 1488.32 T/ca
0.18
5 ln u, Vtb=2,5Km/h
0.12 Km
0.28 Km/ca
0.43
5 ln sau, Vtb=6,5Km/h
0.12 Km
0.74 Km/ca
0.16
Lu bnh st 10T
0.12 Km
0.48 Km/ca
0.25
58.8 T/ca
4.48
4 ln/im, Vtb =4Km/h

Thi cng lp b tng nha nng ht mn 4cm
128 m3
58.8 T/ca
2.18
Ri hn hp bng my D696
128 m3
1240.27 T/ca
0.1
5 ln u, Vtb=2,5Km/h
0.12 Km
0.28 Km/ca
0.43
5 ln sau, Vtb=6,5Km/h
0.12 Km
0.74 Km/ca
0.16
Lu bnh st 10T
0.12 Km
0.48 Km/ca
0.25
4 ln/im, Vtb =4Km/h
43
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
CHNG V
T CHC CNG TC CUNG CP VT T
VN CHUYN VT LIU
i vi qu trnh thi cng bng phng php dy chuyn th cng tc t
chc cung cp vt t v vn chuyn vt liu c tm quan trng rt ln, n nh
hng khng nh n tc thi cng ca c dy chuyn lm nh hng n
tin thi cng. Do mun m bo cho tin thi cng hon thnh ng
thi hn th phi tnh ton c lng vt liu d tr cn thit nhm phc v kp
thi cho qu trnh thi cng ca dy chuyn.
1. K hoch d tr vt liu
D tr thng xuyn : l lng vt lu cn thit phi d tr m bo
thi cng c lin tc cho n v thi cng trong thi k gia hai t nhp vt t.
Vtx = n.Vn
Vi Vn : Lng vt liu cn thit cho mt ca lm vic
n : S ngy gin cch gia hai t nhp vt t
Phn ln cc loi vt liu u mua v vn chuyn n cng trng mi
khi s dng nn n = 0
Vtx = 0.
D tr bo him : l lng vt liu cn thit phi d tr m bo thi
cng c lin tc, khi n v cung cp vt t khng m bo c hp ng
hoc qu trnh cung cp vt t gp tr ngi. Vbh = nbh.Vn
vi
nbh : L s ngy b tr ngi c xc nh bng phng php thng k
nbh = 3 ngy Vbh = 3Vn.
D tr chun b : l lng vt liu cn thit m bo yu cu thi cng
i vi tng loi vt liu no trong thi gian nghim thu, bc d, phn loi...
Vcb = ncb.Vn
Vi ncb : S ngy lm cng tc chun b ncb = 1 ngy
- Lng vt liu nh nht cn d tr :
Vmin= Vbh + Vcb
- Lng vt liu ln nht cn d tr :
Vmax= Vbh + Vcb +
Vtx
Do Vtx = 0 Vmin = Vmax. Kt qu tnh ton c lp vo bng sau.
44
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Bng tnh ton d tr cho mt on thi cng

STT
Loi vt liu
n v
Khi lng vt liu

cn d tr
1
2
3
4
5
0,5x1
1x2
2x4
4x6
Cp phi dm
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
13.12
9.72
9.4
7.98
1487.16
Bng tng hp yu cu vt liu

STT
Loi vt liu
n v
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
BTN nng ht mn
BTN nng ht th
0,5x1
1x2
2x4
4x6
Cp phi dm
T
T
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
Cho 1 ca Cho 1 Km
128
263.21
3.28
2.34
2.35
199.58
371.79
1066.67
2193.42
27.33
20.25
19.58
1663.17
3098.25
Cho ton
tuyn
9796.27
20144.34
250.72
186.43
180.00
15274.82
28453.85
2. K hoch cung cp thit b, my mc, nhn lc
STT
Tn
my mc
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
My san D144
My ri D696
Lu bnh st 6T
Lu bnh lp 10T
Lu bnh st 10T
Lu bnh hI 16T
Xe Maz200
Nhn cng
S ca yu cu trong 1 on cng tc
Cp phi
dm
BTN
dm
Macadam
0.35
0.34
0.25
0.7
3.52
0.66
1.04
4.4
0.55
6.61
61.24
4.71
145.57
45
0.5
1.18
6.66
48.0
Tng
s ca
0.69
0.25
1.74
7.92
1.71
1.18
17.98
254.81
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
Mc lc
................................................................................................. 1
T CHC THI CNG................................................................... 1
CHI TIT MT NG...............................................................1
CHNG I................................................................................. 2
NHIM V V KHI LNG THI CNG.......................................2
I. Nhim v............................................................................. 2
II. Khi lng vt liu..............................................................2
1. Khi lng vt liu lp cp phi dm dy 20 cm........2
2. Khi lng dm Macadam dy 18 cm.........................3
3. Khi lng b tng nha nng.........................................3
III. Yu cu vt liu.................................................................4
1. Lp cp phi dm dy 30 cm......................................5
2. Lp dm Macadam dy 18 cm...................................5
3. Lp b tng nha...........................................................5
IV. Phm vi cung cp nguyn vt liu....................................6
CHNG II................................................................................7
T CHC THI CNG................................................................... 7
I. iu kin thi cng................................................................ 7
1. Thi gian thi cng............................................................7
2. n v thi cng................................................................8
3. iu kin thi cng ..........................................................8
II. Phng php t chc thi cng ..........................................8
1. Chn phng php t chc thi cng................................8
2. Cc thng s dy chuyn................................................9
III. Chn hng thi cng........................................................11
CHNG III.............................................................................12
CNG TC CHUN B...............................................................12
I. Yu cu khi thi cng lng ng........................................12
II. Phng php xy dng lng ng..................................12
III. o lng ng...............................................................13
IV. m nn lng ng......................................................15
1. Chn phng tin m nn...........................................15
2. S lu.........................................................................15
3. Tng s hnh trnh lu....................................................16
4. Nng sut v s ca lu cn thit.....................................16
V. m nn l ng............................................................17
46
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
CHNG IV............................................................................18
QUY TRNH CNG NGH THI CNG.........................................18
CC LP KT CU MT...........................................................18
I. Thi cng lp cp phi dm............................................18
1. Trnh t v cng ngh thi cng......................................18
a. Vn chuyn cp phi dm n hin trng thi cng
....................................................................................... 18
b. Di cp phi dm.................................................18
c. Lu ln lp cp phi dm.........................................18
2. Thi cng lp di cp phi dm dy 16 cm..............18
a. Khi lng cp phi dm.......................................18
b. Vn chuyn vt liu cp phi dm.........................19
c. San ri vt liu cp phi dm................................20
d. Lu ln lp mng di cp phi dm dy 16 cm.....21
3. Thi cng lp mng trn cp phi dm dy 14cm......23
a. Khi lng lp mng trn cp phi dm...............23
b. Vn chuyn vt liu cp phi dm.........................23
c. San ri vt liu cp phi dm................................24
d. Lu ln lp cp phi.....................................................25
II. Thi cng lp dm Macadam.........................................26
a. Vn chuyn vt liu dm ra hin trng................26
b. Ri lp dm Macadam...........................................26
c. Lu ln.........................................................................26
2. Thi cng lp mng di dm Macadam dy 10 cm...27
a. Khi lng cp phi dm.......................................27
b. Vn chuyn vt liu dm.......................................27
c. San ri vt liu dm...............................................28
d. Lu ln lp mng di dm Macadam dy 10 cm....29
3. Thi cng lp mng trn dm Macadam dy 8 cm.....31
a. Khi lng cp phi dm.......................................31
b. Vn chuyn vt liu dm.......................................31
c. San ri vt liu dm...............................................32
d. Lu ln lp mng di dm Macadam dy 10 cm....32
III. Thi cng lp b tng nha...............................................33
b. Vn chuyn hn hp b tng nha ra hin trng......33
c. Ri hn hp b tng nha .........................................33
d. Lu ln hn hp b tng nha......................................33
2. Thi cng lp b tng nha nng ht th dy 6 cm........33
a. Khi lng b tng nha............................................33
47
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC
b. Vn chuyn hn hp b tng nha.............................34

c. Ri hn hp b tng nha..........................................34
2. Thi cng lp b tng nha nng ht mn dy 4 cm........37
a. Khi lng b tng nha............................................37
b. Vn chuyn hn hp b tng nha.............................37
c. Ri hn hp b tng nha..........................................38
IV. Kin ngh qu trnh s dng lu.........................................38
CHNG V.............................................................................. 44
T CHC CNG TC CUNG CP VT T .................................44
VN CHUYN VT LIU............................................................44
1. K hoch d tr vt liu................................................44
2. K hoch cung cp thit b, my mc, nhn lc............45
48
Lp Cu ng K34 -TC

MD 6897

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T CHC THI CNG

II. Khi lng vt liu

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

2. Khi lng dm Macadam dy 18 cm

3. Khi lng b tng nha nng

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

Q3 = 2,321010240,04 = 4445,05 (T)

Q3 = 2,321010240,06 = 6667,58 (T)

Da vo khi lng vt liu theo nh mc so vi tnh ton khng chnh

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

T l ht dt (theo trng lng ) 5% ( 22 TCN 57-84); ht dt c chiu

rng > 25 mm, b dy < 1/5, chiu di 5%.

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

- Lp b tng nha ht mn c kch thc ht ln nht l 15 mm.

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

S ngy Ngy ch nht

Ngy l Ngy thi tit xu

S ngy thc t thi cng c tnh theo hai iu kin v ly gi tr nh hn.

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

- Da trn c s u, khuyt im ca tng phng php t chc thi

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

khi dy chuyn cui cng trong dy chuyn tng hp bt u hot ng.

Tc ca dy chuyn xc nh theo cng thc: V = (T T ) n (m/ca)

L : Chiu di on cng tc L = 9184 m

S dng phng n t chc dy chuyn

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

Ktc = 0,9 > 0,85

III. Chn hng thi cng

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

Khi lng p l ng trong 1 ca tnh bng : V = 2.F.L(m3)

0,5 + (1,5.0,1 + 0,5)

8 : hnh trnh san li lng ng

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

1,3,5,6,7 : cc hnh trnh xn t

T : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 ca T = 8 h

t = 2.L.( V + V + V ) + 2.t.(nx+ no + nS)

+ 25(5+ 2 + 1) = 126 (pht)

Vy s ca cn thit trn mt on thi cng : n =

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

3. Tng s hnh trnh lu

nck : S chu k cn phi thc hin

nht : S hnh trnh lu phi thc hin trong mt chu k nht = 10

T : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 ca T = 8 h

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

Khi lng vt liu cn cho mt on

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

Trong : L : Chiu di on thi cng trong 1 ca

b. Vn chuyn vt liu cp phi dm

T : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 ca

tb : Thi gian xc cp phi ln xe

l1, l2, l3 c xc nh theo hnh v sau :

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c

nng sut vn chuyn P = 11,25 = 56

Khong cch gia cc ng vt liu cn :

Trong : Q : Khi lng chuyn ch ca mt t

c. San ri vt liu cp phi dm

Nng sut ca my san c xc nh theo cng thc :

Trong : T : Thi gian lm vic trong 1 ca

Sinh VIn : Phng Vn c