Cong Thuc Luong Giac Ren Luyen Ki Nang Ket Hopnghiem Va DK Trong Phuong Trinh Luong Giac Co DK Dethi Dai Hoc Co Dap An

Phng trnh lng gic
KIN THC CN NH
I.CC CNG THC BIN I LNG GIC
1.CNG THC CNG 2.CNG THC NHN I
cos(a + b) = cosa.cosb sina.sinb cos2a = cos
2
a sin
2
a
cos(a - b) = cosa.cosb + sina.sinb = 2cos
2
a 1
sin(a + b) = sina.cosb + cosa.sinb = 1 2sin
2
a
sin(a - b) = sina.cosb - cosa.sinb sin2a = 2.sina.cosa
tan(a + b) = tan2a =
tan(a - b) =
3.CNG THC H BC cos
2
a =
1 2
2
cos a +
sin
2
a =
4.CNG THC BIN I TNG THNH TCH
cosa + cosb = 2.cos .cos
cosa - cosb = -2.sin .sin
sina + sinb = 2.sin .cos
sina - sinb = 2.cos .sin
sin( )
tan tan
osacosb
a b
a b
c
+
+

sin( )
tan tan
osacosb
a b
a b
c

5.CNG THC BIN I TCH THNH TNG
cosa.cosb = [cos(a b) + cos(a + b)]
sina.sinb = [cos(a b) - cos(a + b)]
[ ]
1
sin osb= sin( ) sin( )
2
ac a b a b + +
[ ]
1
os sinb= sin( ) sin( )
2
c a a b a b +
6.BNG GI TR LNG GIC CA CC CUNG C BIT
x
ra
d
- - - - - - - - 0
-180
o
-150
o
-135
o
-120
o
-
90
o
-60
o
-45
o
-30
o
0 30
o
45
o
60
o
90
o
120
o
135
o
150
o
180
o
sin 0 - - - -1 - - - 0 1 0
cos -1 - - - 0 1 0 - - - -1
tan 0 1 || - -1 - 0 1 || - -1 - 0
cot || 1 0 - -1 - || 1 0 - -1 - ||
Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an
1
Phng trnh lng gic
II.CC PHNG TRNH LNG GIC THNG GP
1.Phng trnh sinx=a.( -1 a 1)
sinx = a
arcsina+k2
arcsina+k2
x
x

; k Z +sinx = sin
+k2
+k2
x
x

; k Z ( a = sin)
sinx = 0 x = k; k Z
sinx = 1 x = + k2; k Z
sinx = -1 x = -+ k2; k Z
2.Phng trnh cosx=a.( -1 a 1)
cosx = a
arccosa+k2
arccosa+k2
x
x

; k Z +cosx = cos
+k2
+k2
x
x

; k Z ( a = cos)
cosx = 0 x = + k; k Z
cosx = 1 x = k2; k Z
cosx = -1 x = + k2; k Z
3.Phng trnh tanx=a.
TX:
\ ,
2
k k

+
' )

+
t anx=a x=arctana+k ,k
+
tanx=tan x= +k ,k

tanx=1 x= ,
4
tanx=-1 x=- ,
4
t anx=0 x= ,
k k
k k
k k
+
+

4.Phng trnh cotx=a.

TX:
{ } \ , k k
+
t x=a x=arccota+k ,k co
+
cotx=cot x= +k ,k

cotx=1 x= ,
4
cotx=-1 x=- ,
4
t x=0 x= ,
2
k k
k k
co k k
+
+
+
III.CC PHNG TRNH LNG GIC THNG GP.

1.Phng trnh a.sinx+bcosx=c (
2 2
0 a b + )

2 2 2 2 2 2
sinx+ osx=
a b c
c
a b a b a b
+ + +
t:
2 2
2 2
os =
sin
a
c
a b
b
a b
+
'
phng trnh tr thnh:

2 2
sinx os osxsin
c
c c
a b
+
+
2
Phng trnh lng gic

2 2
sin( )
c
x
a b
+
+
*Ch
+Phng trnh c nghim khi
2 2 2
c a b +
+Nu
. 0, 0 a b c
th:
sin cos 0 tan
b
a x b x x
a
+
2.Phng trnh :
2 2
asin s inxcosx+ccos 0 x b x + (1)
+Nu a = 0:
2
sinxcosx+ccos 0 b x

osx(bsinx+ccosx)=0 c

osx=0
bsinx+ccosx=0
c
+Nu c = 0:
2
asin sinxcosx=0 x b +

sinx(asinx+bcosx)=0

sinx=0
asinx+bcosx=0
+Nu
0, 0, cos 0 a c x
:
2 2
2 2 2
sin sinxcosx cos
(1) 0
cos cos cos
x x
a b c
x x x
+ +

2
tan t anx+c=0 a x b +
BI TP.
Bi 1.Gii cc phng trnh:
a)
2 cot(5 ) 0
8
x

b)
2
2cos 3cos 0 x x +
c) 3sin3 cos3 2 x x d)
2 2
sin sin 2 2cos 2 x x x + +
Gii.
a)
2 cot(5 ) 0
8
x

5
8 2
x k

+

5
k
x

+
b)
2
2cos 3cos 0 x x +
cos 0
2
,
3
5
cos
2
2
6
x
x k
k
x
x k

t +

c) 3sin3 cos3 2 x x
3 1
sin3 cos3 1
2 2
x x
sin
(3 )
6
x

= 1
3 2
6 2
x k

+

2 2
9 3
k
x

+

d)
2 2

sinx ( 2 cosx sinx ) = 0

sin 0
tan 2 arctan 2
x x k
x x k

+

a)
3
3 tan(3 ) 0
5
x

+

3
3
5
x k
5 3
k
x

+

3
Phng trnh lng gic
b)
2
2sin sin 1 0 x x
2
2
sin 1
2 ,
1
6 sin
2
7
2
6
x k
x
x k k
x
x k

c) sin5 cos5 2 x x +
1 1
sin5 cos5 1
2 2
x x +

sin
(5 )
4
x

+
= - 1
5 2
4 2
x k

+ +
3 2
20 5
k
x

+

d)
2 2
3sin sin2 cos 3 x x x + +

2
2sin cos 2cos 0 2cos (sin cos ) 0 x x x x x x

2
cos 0
2
tan 1
4
x k
x
x
x k

e. cos 2 3sin 2 0 x x +
2 2
1 2sin 3sin 2 0 2sin 3sin 1 0 x x x x + +
2
2
sin 1
2 ,
1
6 sin
2
5
2
6
x k
x
x k k
x
x k
f. 3sin cos 2 x x +
3 1 2
sin cos
2 2 2
x x +
2
sin cos cos sin
6 6 2
x x

+
sin( ) sin
6 4
x

+

2 2
6 4 12
,
3 7
2 2
6 4 12
x k x k
k
x k x k

+ + +

+ + +

g. 3sin cos 2 x x
3 1 2
sin cos
2 2 2
x x
2
sin cos cos sin
6 6 2
x x

sin( ) sin
6 4
x

5
2 2
6 4 12
,
3 11
2 2
6 4 12
x k x k
k
x k x k

+ +

+ +

h. 2cos2 3cos 1 0 x x +
2
4cos 3cos 1 0 x x
4
Phng trnh lng gic
cos 1 2
,
1 1
cos arccos( ) 2
4 4
x x k
k
x x k

t +

i.
2 2
2sin 3sin cos 5cos 0 x x x x +
2
2 n 3 n 5 0 ta x ta x +
tan 1
4
,
5
5 tan
arctan( )
2
2
x x k
k
x
x k

a. 3sin sin2 0 x x + b.
2 2cos 2 sinx x
c. sin sin3 sin5 0 x x x + +
d. sin sin3 sin5 cos cos3 cos5 x x x x x x + + + +
e.
2 2
2sin 5sin cos 4cos 2 x x x x f.
2 2
2cos 2 3sin 2 x x +
g.
2 2
sin 2 cos 3 1 x x + h. tan .tan5 1 x x
i. 5cos 2 12sin2 13 x x j. 2sin 5cos 4 x x
k. 2cos 3sin 2 x x +
a. tan cot 2 x x + b.
2
(3 cot ) 5(3 cot ) x x + +
c.
3(sin3 cos ) 4(cos3 sin ) x x x x
d.
2 2
4sin 3 3sin2 2cos 4 x x x +
e.
2 2 2 2
sin sin 2 sin 3 sin 4 2 x x x x + + + f.
4 2
4sin 12cos 7 x x +
Bi 5. Giai cac phng trnh sau :
a)
2 cot(5 ) 0
8
x

b)
2
2cos 3cos 0 x x +
c) 3sin3 cos3 2 x x d)
2 2
Bai giai :
a)
2 cot(5 ) 0
8
x

5
8 2
x k

+

5
k
x

+
b)
2
2cos 3cos 0 x x +
cos 0
3
cos
2
x
x
2
5
2
6
x k
x k
+
t +

c) 3sin3 cos3 2 x x

3 1
sin3 cos3 1
2 2
x x
Sin
(3 )
6
x

= 1
3 2
6 2
x k

+
2 2
9 3
k
x

+

d)
2 2

sinx ( 2 cosx sinx ) = 0
sin 0
tan 2
x
x

5
Phng trnh lng gic
arctan 2
x k
x k
+

Bi 6. giai phng trnhlng giac :
a)
3
3 tan(3 ) 0
5
x

+

3
3
5
x k
5 3
k
x

+

b)
2
2sin sin 1 0 x x

sin 1
1
sin
2
x
x
2
2
2
6
7
2
6
x k
x k
x k
+
+
+

c) sin5 cos5 2 x x +
1 1
sin5 cos5 1
2 2
x x +

Sin
(5 )
4
x

+
= - 1
5 2
4 2
x k

+ +
3 2
20 5
k
x

+

d)
2 2
3sin sin 2 cos 3 x x x + +

cos 0
tan 1
x
x

2
4
x k
x k
+
+

Cu 3(3) : Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a. 2sin 1 0 x b. 2cos 3 0 x c. cos 2 3sin 2 0 x x + d. 3sin cos 2 x x
a)
sin sin
6
x

2
6
5
2
6
x k
x k
b)
cos cos
6
x

2
6
t + x k
c)
2
2sin 3sin 1 0 + x x
sin 1
1
sin
2

x
x

0.25*2
0.25*2
0.25
0.25
2
2
2
6
5
2
6
x k
x l
x l
d)
3 1 2
sin cos
2 2 2
x x
5
2
12
11
2
12
x k
x k
0.25*2
0.25
0.25*3
a. 2sin 3 0 x b. 2cos 1 0 x c. cos 2 3sin 2 0 x x + d. 3sin cos 2 + x x
a)
sin sin
3
x

2
3
2
2
3
x k
x k
b)
cos cos
3
x

2
3
t + x k
0.25*2
2
2
2
6
5
2
6
x k
x k
x k
0.25*2
6
Phng trnh lng gic
c)
2
2sin 3sin 1 0 + x x
sin 1
1
sin
2

x
x

0.25*2
0.25
0.25
d)
3 1 2
sin cos
2 2 2
+ x x
2
12
7
2
12
x k
x k
0.25
0.25*3
a.
2sin 1 0 x
b. 2cos 2 0 x c.
2 cos2x -3cosx +1 =0
d. 3sin cos 2 x x
a)
sin sin
6
x

2
6
5
2
6
x k
x k
b)
cos cos
4
x

2
4
t + x k
c)
2
4cos 3cos 1 0 x x
cos 1
1
cos
4

x
x

0.25*2
0.25*2
0.25
0.25
2
1
arccos 2
4

t +

,
x k
x k
d)
3 1 2
sin cos
2 2 2
x x
5
2
12
11
2
12
x k
x k
0.25*2
0.25
0.25*3
Cu 6(3) : Gii Phng trnh
a. 3sin cos 2 x x b.
cos 2 3sin 2 0 x x +
c. cos
2
x + sinx +1=0
a/
3 1 2
sin cos
2 2 2
x x
sin sin
6 4
_

,
x

5
2
12
11
2
12
x k
x k

b
2
2sin 3sin 1 0 + x x
sin 1
1
sin
2

x
x

2
2
2
6
5
2
6
x k
x l
x l

c.
4
6
x k
x k
Cu 7
a. cos 2 3sin 2 0 x x + b.sin
2
x +3sinx cosx -5 cos
2
x= 0
c.2 cos
2
x -3cosx +1 =0
7
Phng trnh lng gic
p n
a
2
2sin 3sin 1 0 + x x
sin 1
1
sin
2

x
x

2
2
2
6
5
2
6
x k
x l
x l

b sin cos , 2 2 t x x t
2
1
sin .cos
2
t
x x

PT

2
12 11 0 t t +
( )
1
11
t
t loai

2
2
2
x k
x k

c.

t +
2
2
3
x k
x k

cu 8. a. Gii cc Phng trnh sau:
2cos x 1 0
3
_
+ +

,
b.sin
2
x +3sinx cosx -5 cos
2
x= 0
a/
1 2
2cos x 1 0 cos x cos
3 3 2 3
_ _
+ + +

, ,
x k2
3
x k2

+
'
b/ sin cos , 2 2 t x x t (0,25)

2
1
sin .cos
2
t
x x

(0,25)
PT

2
12 11 0 t t + (0,25)

( )
1
11
t
t loai

(0,25)
2
2
2
x k
x k
(0
Cu9: Gii cc Phng trnh sau
a.
2
2sin x 3sin x 1 0 +
b. 3sin x sin 2x 0 +
c. 2sin x 2cos x 2
s a.
2
2
2
6
x k
x k
b. x=k360
0

8
Phng trnh lng gic
c.
5
24
13
24
x k
x k

Cu 10.(2) : Gii Phng trnh
a. tan(x +20
0
) =
2
1
b. sinx + sin2x = cosx + cos3x
c.4sin
2
x -5sinx cosx -6 cos
2
x= 0
DS
a. x=10
0
+k180
0
b.

+
2
2
6 3
x k
x k
c.

arctan2
1
arctan( )
2
x k
x k

Cu 11(2) : Gii Phng trnh
a. 3sin cos 2 x x b.
cos 2 3sin 2 0 x x +
1a)
3 1 2
sin cos
2 2 2
x x
sin sin
6 4
_

,
x

5
2
12
11
2
12
x k
x k

1b)
2
2sin 3sin 1 0 + x x

sin 1
1
sin
2

x
x
(0,25)
2
2
2
6
5
2
6
x k
x l
x l
(0,25*2)
Cu 12(2) a.
2
4tan 7 tan 3 0 x x + b.sin(2x +
3
) = -
2
2

p n : a.
sin(3 ) 0(0.25) 3 (0.25), (0.5)
6 6 18 3
k
x x k x

+
b.
7
2 2
3 4 24
(0.25*4)
5 11
2 2
3 4 24
x k x k
x k x k

+ + +

+ + +

Cu 13(2) a.
2
2cot 5 t 3 0 x co x + b.cos(2x +
3
) = -
2
2
c. 2
2 2
cos 2 3sin 2 x +
p n : a.
2
cos(3 ) 0(0.25) 3 (0.25), (0.5)
6 6 2 18 3
k
x x k x

+ +

cos 1
4
3
3 cot
cot
2
2
x x k
x
x arc k

' '

9
Phng trnh lng gic
b.
7
2 2
3 4 24
(0.25*4)
2 2
3 4 24
x k x k
x k x k

+ + +

+ + +

c.

2
cos 2 1
4cos 2 3cos 2 1 0
1
cos 2
4
2 2
1 1 1
2 arccos( ) 2 arccos( )
4 2 4
x
x x
x
x k x k
k Z
x k x k

'

' '
t + t +

5
5sin sin 0 x x h. cos7 sin5 3(cos5 sin7 ) x x x x
10
Phng trnh lng gic
Phng trnh asinx + bcosx = c
Bi 1.
5 2
84 7
cos7 3sin7 2
11 2
84 7
x k
x x
x k

Bi 2.
3(sin5 cos ) 4(sin cos5 ) x x x x +
3sin5 4cos5 4sin 3cos x x x x +

3 4 4 3
sin5 cos5 sin cos
5 5 5 5
x x x x +
sin5 cos cos5 sin sin sin cos cos x x x x + ,
3 4
( cos , sin )
5 5

sin(5 ) cos( ) x x
sin(5 ) sin( )
2
x x
+

5 2
12 3 3 2
5 2
2 8 2
x k x x k
x x k x k

+ + + +

+ + +

Bi 3.
3
3sin3 3cos9 1 4sin 3 x x x +
3
(3sin3 4sin 3 ) 3cos9 1 x x x
sin9 3cos9 1 x x
sin(9 ) sin
3 6
x

2
18 9
7 2
54 9
x k
x k

Bi 4.
1
tan sin2 cos 2 2(2cos ) 0
cos
x x x x
x
+
(1)
iu kin: cos 0
2
x x k
+

sin 2
(1) sin2 cos 2 4cos 0
cos cos
x
x x x
x x
+

2 2
sin 2sin cos cos 2 cos 2(2cos 1) 0 x x x x x x +
2
sin (1 2cos ) cos2 cos 2cos 2 0 x x x x x +
sin cos 2 cos2 cos 2cos 2 0 x x x x x +
cos2 (sin cos 2) 0 x x x +

cos2 0
sin cos 2( ) 4 2
x
x k
x x vn

Bi 5.
3 1
8sin
cos sin
x
x x
+ (*)
iu kin: sin2 0
2
x x k

2
(*) 8sin cos 3sin cos x x x x + 4(1 cos 2 )cos 3sin cos x x x x +
4cos 2 cos 3sin 3cos x x x x 2(cos3 cos ) 3sin 3cos x x x x +
11
Phng trnh lng gic
1 3
cos3 cos sin
2 2
x x x
cos3 cos( )
3
x x

+

6
12 2
x k
x k
C2
2
(*) 8sin cos 3sin cos x x x x +
2
8(1 cos )cos 3sin cos x x x x +
3
8cos 8cos 3sin 3cos x x x x
3
6cos 8cos 3sin cos x x x x
3
1 3
4cos 3cos cos sin
2 2
x x x x
cos3 cos( )
3
x x

+
6
12 2
x k
x k
Bi 6. 9sin 6cos 3sin2 cos 2 8 x x x x + +

2
6sin cos 6cos 2sin 9sin 7 0 x x x x x + +
6cos (sin 1) (sin 1)(2sin 7) 0 x x x x +
(sin 1)(6cos 2sin 7) 0 x x x +
sin 1
6cos 2sin 7
x
x x
2
2
x k
+
Bi 7. sin2 2cos 2 1 sin 4cos x x x x + +
2
2sin cos 2(2cos 1) 1 sin 4cos 0 x x x x x + +
2
sin (2cos 1) 4cos 4cos 3 0 x x x x + +
sin (2cos 1) (2cos 1)(2cos 3) 0 x x x x + +
(2cos 1)(2sin 2cos 3) 0 x x x + +
1
cos
2
2sin 2cos 3, ( )
x
x x vn
2
3
x k
t +
Bi 8. 2sin2 cos2 7sin 2cos 4 x x x x +
2
4sin cos (1 2sin ) 7sin 2cos 4 0 x x x x x +
2
2cos (2sin 1) (2sin 7sin 3) 0 x x x x + +
2cos (2sin 1) (2sin 1)(sin 3) 0 x x x x +
(2sin 1)(2cos sin 3) 0 x x x +
2sin 1 0
2cos sin 3, ( )
x
x x vn

2
6
5
2
6
x k
x k
Bi 9. sin2 cos 2 3sin cos 2 x x x x +

2
2sin cos (1 2sin ) 3sin cos 2 0 x x x x x +
12
Phng trnh lng gic
2
(2sin cos cos ) (2sin 3sin 1) 0 x x x x x + +
cos (2sin 1) (2sin 1)(sin 1) 0 x x x x +
(2sin 1)(cos sin 1) 0 x x x +
2sin 1
cos sin 1
x
x x
2
6
2sin 1
5
2
6
x k
x
x k
2
2
cos sin 1 cos( )
4 2 2
2
x k
x x x
x k
+ +
Bi 10.
2
(sin2 3cos 2 ) 5 cos(2 )
6
x x x

+
Ta c:
1 3
sin2 3cos2 2( sin2 cos 2 ) 2cos(2 )
2 2 6
x x x x x

+ +
t: sin2 3cos2 , 2 2 t x x t +
Phng trnh tr thnh:
2
5
2
t
t
2
2 10 0 t t
2
5
2
t
t

5
:
2
t + loi
7
2: 2cos(2 ) 2
6 12
t x x k

+ +
Bi 11.
3
2cos cos 2 sin 0 x x x + +
3 2
2cos 2cos 1 sin 0 x x x + +
2
2cos (cos 1) (1 sin ) 0 x x x +
2
2(1 sin )(cos 1) (1 sin ) 0 x x x +
2(1 sin )(1 sin )(cos 1) (1 sin ) 0 x x x x + +
(1 sin )[2(1 sin )(cos 1) 1] 0 x x x + +
(1 sin )[1 2sin cos 2(sin cos )] 0 x x x x x + + +
sin 1
1 2sin cos 2(sin cos ) 0
x
x x x x

+ + +
sin 1 2
2
x x k
+ +
1 2sin cos 2(sin cos ) 0 x x x x + + + +

2
(sin cos ) 2(sin cos ) 0 x x x x + + +
(sin cos )(sin cos 2) 0 x x x x + + +
sin cos 0 x x +
tan 1
4
x x k
+
13
Phng trnh lng gic
Bi 12.
2
1 cos2
1 cot 2
sin 2
x
x
x
+
(*) iu kin: sin2 0
2
x x k

2
1 cos 2
(*) 1 cot 2
1 cos 2
x
x
x

1
1 cot 2
1 cos 2
x
x
+
+

cos 2 1
1
sin2 1 cos 2
x
x x
+
+
sin2 (1 cos 2 ) cos 2 (1 cos 2 ) sin2 x x x x x + + +
sin2 cos2 cos2 (1 cos2 ) 0 x x x x + +

cos2 (sin2 cos 2 1) 0 x x x + +
cos 2 0
sin2 cos2 1
x
x x
cos2 0
4 2
x x k

+ +
sin2 cos 2 1 x x + + sin(2 ) sin( )
4 4
x

+
4
2
x k
x k
Vy,phng trnh c nghim:

4 2
x k

+
Bi 13.
4 4
4(sin cos ) 3sin4 2 x x x + +
2 2 2 2 2
4[(sin cos ) 2sin cos ] 3sin4 2 x x x x x + +
2
1
4(1 sin 2 ) 3sin4 2
2
x x + cos4 3sin4 2 x x +
4 2
12 2
x k
x k

Bi 14.
3 3
1
1 sin 2 cos 2 sin4
2
x x x + +
2 sin4 2(sin2 cos 2 )(1 sin2 cos 2 ) 0 x x x x x + +
(2 sin4 ) (sin2 cos 2 )(2 sin4 ) 0 x x x x + +
(2 sin4 )(sin2 cos 2 1) 0 x x x + +
sin2 cos 2 1 x x +
2
sin(2 )
4 2
x

+
4
2
x k
x k
Bi 15. tan 3cot 4(sin 3cos ) x x x x + (*) iu kin: sin2 0

2
x x k

sin cos
(*) 3 4(sin 3cos )
cos sin
x x
x x
x x
+
2 2
sin 3cos 4sin cos (sin 3cos ) 0 x x x x x x +
(sin 3cos )(sin 3cos ) 4sin cos (sin 3cos ) 0 x x x x x x x x + +
14
Phng trnh lng gic
(sin 3cos )(sin 3cos 4sin cos ) 0 x x x x x x +
sin 3cos 0
sin 3cos 4sin cos 0
x x
x x x x
sin 3cos 0 tan 3

3
x x x x k
+ + +
sin 3cos 4sin cos 0 x x x x + 2sin2 sin 3cos x x x
1 3
sin2 sin cos
2 2
x x x
sin2 sin( )
3
x x

2
3
4 2
9 3
x k
x k
Vy,phng trnh c nghim l:

;
3
x k
+
4 2
9 3
x k

+
Bi 16.
3 3
sin cos sin cos x x x x +
2 3
sin (sin 1) cos cos 0 x x x x + +
2 3
sin cos cos cos 0 x x x x + +
2
cos ( sin cos cos 1) 0 x x x x + +
2
cos 0
sin cos cos 1
x
x x x
cos 0
2
x x k
+ +
2
sin cos cos 1 x x x + +
1 1 cos2
sin2 1
2 2
x
x
+
+
sin2 cos2 3, ( ) x x vn
Vy,phng trnh c nghim l: ,
2
x k k
+
Bi 17.
4 4
1
cos sin ( )
4 4
x x

+ +
2 2
1 1 1
(1 cos 2 ) [1 cos(2 )]
4 4 2 4
x x

+ + +
2 2
(1 cos 2 ) (1 sin2 ) 1 x x + + + sin2 cos 2 1 x x +
3
cos(2 ) cos
4 4
x

2
2
4
x k
x k
Bi 18.
3 3
4sin cos3 4cos sin3 3 3cos4 3 x x x x x + +
3 3 3 3
4sin (4cos 3cos ) 4cos (3sin 4sin ) 3 3cos 4 3 x x x x x x x + +
3 3
12sin cos 12cos sin 3 3cos 4 3 x x x x x + +
2 2
4sin cos (cos sin ) 3cos4 1 x x x x x +
2sin2 cos 2 3cos 4 1 x x x + sin4 3cos 4 1 x x +
15
Phng trnh lng gic
1 3 1
sin4 cos 4
2 2 2
x x +
sin(4 ) sin
3 6
x

+
24 2
,
8 2
x k
k
x k

Bi 19.Cho phng trnh:

2 2
2sin sin cos cos x x x x m (*)
a.Tm m sao cho phng trnh c nghim.
b.Gii phng trnh khi m = -1.
Gii.

1 1
(*) (1 cos2 ) sin2 (1 cos2 )
2 2
x x x m + sin2 3cos2 2 1 x x m + +
a. (*)c nghim khi:
2 2 2
c a b +
2
(1 2 ) 1 9 m +
2
4 4 9 0 m m
1 10 1 10
2 2
m
+

b.Khi m = -1 phng trnh tr thnh:
sin2 3cos 2 3 x x +
1 3 3
sin2 cos2
10 10 10
x x +
sin2 cos cos 2 sin sin , x x +
1 3
( cos , sin )
10 10

sin(2 ) sin x +
2 2
2 2
x k
x k

+ +

+ +
2
x k
x k
Bi 20. Cho phng trnh:

2
3
5 4sin( )
6tan
2
sin 1 tan
x
x
+
(*)
a.Gii phng trnh khi
4

b.Tm phng trnh (*) c nghim
Gii.
Ta c:
3
sin( ) sin( ) cos
2 2
x x x

2
2
6tan
6tan cos 3sin2 , cos 0
1 tan

+
5 4cos
(*) 3sin2
sin
x
x

3sin2 sin 4cos 5 x x + (**)
a. khi
4
phng trnh tr thnh:

3sin 4cos 5 x x
3 4
sin cos 1
5 5
x x
3 4
sin cos cos sin 1, ( cos , sin )
5 5
x x
16
Phng trnh lng gic
sin( ) 1 x
2
2
x k
+
b.Phng trnh c nghim khi:
2
cos 0
(3sin2 ) 16 25
'
+

2
cos 0
sin 2 1
'

2
cos 0
sin 2 1
'
cos2 0
4 2
k

+
a. 2 2(sin cos )cos 3 cos 2 x x x x + + b.
(2cos 1)(sin cos ) 1 x x x +
c. 2cos2 6(cos sin ) x x x d. 3sin 3 3cos x x
e. 2cos3 3sin cos 0 x x x + + f. cos 3sin sin2 cos sin x x x x x + + +
g.
3
cos 3sin
cos 3sin 1
x x
x x
+
+ +
h. sin cos cos 2 x x x +
i.
3
4sin 1 3sin 3cos3 x x x j.
6
3cos 4sin 6
3cos 4sin 1
x x
x x
+ +
+ +
k. cos7 cos5 3sin2 1 sin7 sin5 x x x x x l.
4 4
4(cos sin ) 3sin4 2 x x x + +
m.
2 2
cos 3sin2 1 sin x x x + n.
4sin2 3cos2 3(4sin 1) x x x
p.
2
(2 3)cos 2sin ( )
2 4
1
2cos 1
x
x
x
q.
2
tan sin2 cos 2 4cos
cos
x x x x
x
+
sin 2 cos 2
2cos 2sin
m x m x
m x m x

(*)
a.Gii phng trnh khi m = 1
Bi 23. Cho phng trnh: sin cos 2 x m x + (*)
a.Gii phng trnh khi 3 m
2sin cos 1
sin 2cos 3
x x
m
x x
+ +
+
(*)
a.Gii phng trnh khi
1
3
m
b.Tm phng trnh (*) c nghim.
PHNG TRNH BC HAI I VI MT HM S LNG GIC
17
Phng trnh lng gic
Bi 1.
cos3 sin3
5(sin ) 3 cos 2
1 2sin2
x x
x x
x
+
+ +
+
(1)
iu kin:
1
12
sin2 ,
7 2
12
x k
x k
x k
Ta c:
cos3 sin3 sin 2sin2 sin cos3 sin3
5(sin ) 5
1 2sin2 1 2sin2
x x x x x x x
x
x x
+ + + +
+
+ +
sin cos cos3 cos3 sin3
5
1 2sin2
x x x x x
x
+ + +
+
(sin3 sin ) cos
5
1 2sin2
x x x
x
+ +
+

2sin2 cos cos
5
1 2sin2
x x x
x
+
+
(2sin 1)cos
5
1 2sin2
x x
x
+
+
5cos x
(1) 5cos cos2 3 x x +

2
2cos 5cos 2 0 x x +

1
cos
2
x
2
3
x k
t +
Bi 2.
2 2
cos 3 cos 2 cos 0 x x x
1 1
(1 cos6 )cos2 (1 cos 2 ) 0
2 2
x x x + +
cos6 cos 2 1 0 x x (*)
Cch 1:
3
(*) (4cos 2 3cos 2 )cos 2 1 0 x x x
4 2
4cos 2 2cos 2 1 0 x x
2
cos 2 1 x sin2 0 x
2
x k

Cch 2:
1
(*) (cos8 cos4 ) 1 0
2
x x + cos8 cos4 2 0 x x +
2
2cos 4 cos4 3 0 x x + cos4 1 x
2
x k

Cch 3:
cos6 cos 2 1
(*)
cos6 cos 2 1
x x
x x

Cch 4:
1
(*) (cos8 cos4 ) 1 0
2
x x + cos8 cos4 2 x x +
cos8 cos 4 1 x x
Bi 3.
4 4
3
cos sin cos( )sin(3 ) 0
4 4 2
x x x x

+ +
2 2 2 2 2
1 3
(sin cos ) 2sin cos [sin(4 ) sin2 ] 0
2 2 2
x x x x x x
+ + +
2
1 1 3
1 sin 2 ( cos4 sin2 ) 0
2 2 2
x x x + +
18
Phng trnh lng gic
2 2
1 1 1 1
sin 2 (1 2sin 2 ) sin2 0
2 2 2 2
x x x +
2
sin 2 sin2 2 0 x x +
sin2 1 x
4
x k
+
Bi 4.
2
5sin 2 3(1 sin ) tan x x x (1)
iu kin: cos 0
2
x x k
+
2
2
sin
(1) 5sin 2 3(1 sin )
cos
x
x x
x

2
2
sin
5sin 2 3(1 sin )
1 sin
x
x x
x

2
3sin
5sin 2
1 sin
x
x
x

+

2
2sin 3sin 2 0 x x +
1
sin
2
x
2
6
5
2
6
x k
x k
Bi 5.
1 1
2sin3 2cos3
sin cos
x x
x x
+
(*)
iu kin: sin2 0
2
x x k

1 1
(*) 2(sin3 cos3 )
sin cos
x x
x x
+
3 3
1 1
2[3(sin cos ) 4(sin cos ]
sin cos
x x x x
x x
+ + +
2 2
sin cos
2(sin cos )[3 4(sin sin cos cos )]
sin cos
x x
x x x x x x
x x
+
+ +
sin cos
2(sin cos )( 1 4sin cos ) 0
sin cos
x x
x x x x
x x
+
+ +
1
(sin cos )( 2 8sin cos ) 0
sin cos
x x x x
x x
+ +
2
(sin cos )(4sin2 2) 0
sin2
x x x
x
+
2
(sin cos )(4sin 2 2sin2 2) 0 x x x x +
2
sin cos 0
4sin 2 2sin2 2 0
x x
x x
+

tan 1
sin2 1
sin2 1/ 2
x
x
x

4
12
7
12
x k
x k
x k
t +

19
Phng trnh lng gic
Bi 6.
2
cos (2sin 3 2) 2cos 1
1
1 sin2
x x x
x
+
+
(*)
iu kin: sin2 1
4
x x k
+
2
(*) 2sin cos 3 2 cos 2cos 1 1 sin2 x x x x x + +
2
2cos 3 2 cos 2 0 x x +
2
cos
2
x
4
x k
t +
i chiu iu kin phng trnh c nghim: ,
4
x k k
+
Bi 7.
3 3 1
cos cos cos sin sin sin
2 2 2 2 2
x x x x
x x
1 1 1
cos (cos 2 cos ) sin (cos 2 cos )
2 2 2
x x x x x x + +
2
cos cos 2 cos sin cos 2 sin cos 1 x x x x x x x + +
2
cos2 (sin cos ) 1 sin sin cos 1 0 x x x x x x + +
cos2 (sin cos ) sin (sin cos ) 0 x x x x x x + +
(sin cos )(cos2 sin ) 0 x x x x +
2
(sin cos )( 2sin sin 1) 0 x x x x + +
2
sin cos 0
2sin sin 1 0
x x
x x
+
tan 1
sin 1
sin 1/ 2
x
x
x

4
2
2
5
2 2
6 6
x k
x k
x k x k
+ +
Bi 8.
3
4cos 3 2sin2 8cos x x x +
3
4cos 6 2sin cos 8cos 0 x x x x +
2
2cos (2cos 3 2sin 4) 0 x x x +
2
2cos (2sin 3 2sin 2) 0 x x x +
cos 0
2
sin
2
x
x

2
2
4
3
2
4
x k
x k
x k
Bi 9. cos(2 ) cos(2 ) 4sin 2 2(1 sin )

4 4
x x x x

+ + + +
20
Phng trnh lng gic
2cos 2 cos 4sin 2 2 2sin 0
4
x x x
+ +
2
2(1 2sin ) 4sin 2 2 2sin 0 x x x + +
2
2 2sin (4 2)sin 2 0 x x + +
1
sin
2
x
2
6
5
2
6
x k
x k
Bi 10.
2 2
3cot 2 2sin (2 3 2)cos x x x + + (1)
iu kin: sin 0 x x k
2
4 2
cos cos
(1) 3 2 2 (2 3 2)
sin sin
x x
x x
+ +
t:
2
cos
sin
x
t
x
phng trnh tr thnh:
2
2
3 (2 3 2) 2 2 0
2
3
t
t t
t
+ +
2
2 cos 2
:
3 sin 3
x
t
x
+
2
3cos 2(1 cos ) x x
2
2cos 3cos 2 0 x x +
1
cos
2
x 2
3
x k
t +
2
cos
2 : 2
sin
x
t
x
+
2
cos 2(1 cos ) x x
2
2 cos cos 2 0 x x +

2
cos
2
x 2
4
x k
t +
Vy,phng trnh c nghim: 2 , 2
3 4
x k x k

t + t +
Bi 11.
2 2
4sin 2 6sin 9 3cos2
0
cos
x x x
x
+
(*)
iu kin: cos 0
2
x x k
+
2
(*) 4(1 cos 2 ) 3(1 cos 2 ) 9 3cos 0 x x x +
2
4cos 2 6cos 2 0 x x + +
cos2 1
1
cos 2
2
x
x

2
3
x k
x k
t +

3
x k
t +
Bi 12. cos cos3 2cos5 0 x x x + +
(cos5 cos ) (cos5 cos3 ) 0 x x x x + + +
2cos3 cos 2 2cos 4 cos 0 x x x x +
21
Phng trnh lng gic
3 2
(4cos 3cos )cos 2 (2cos 2 1)cos 0 x x x x x +
2 2
cos [(4cos 3)cos 2 2cos 2 1] 0 x x x x +
2
cos {[2(1 cos2 ) 3]cos 2 2cos 2 1} 0 x x x x + +
2
cos (4cos 2 cos2 1) 0 x x x
cos 0
1 17
cos
8
1 17
cos
8
x
x
x

2
1 17
arccos 2
8
1 17
arccos 2
8
x k
x k
x k
t +
+
t +
Bi 13.
8 8 2
17
sin cos cos 2
16
x x x +
(*)
8 8 4 4 2 4 4
sin cos (sin cos ) 2sin cos x x x x x x + +
2 2 2 2 2 2 4
1
[(sin cos ) 2sin cos )] sin 2
8
x x x x x +
2 2 4
1 1
(1 sin 2 ) sin 2
2 8
x x

2 4
1
1 sin 2 sin 2
8
x x +
2 4 2
1
(*) 16(1 sin 2 sin 2 ) 17(1 sin 2 )
8
x x x +

4 2
2sin 2 sin 2 1 0 x x +
2
1
sin 2
2
x
2
1 2sin 2 0 x cos4 0 x
8 4
x k

+
Bi 14.
5
3
sin 5cos sin
2 2
x x
x (*)
Ta thy: cos 0 2 cos 1
2
x
x k x +
Thay vo phng trnh (*) ta c:

5
sin( 5 ) sin( )
2 2
k k

+ + khng tha mn vi mi k
Do cos
2
x
khng l nghim ca phng trnh nn:
5
3
(*) sin cos 5cos sin cos
2 2 2 2
x x x x
x
1 5
3
(sin3 sin2 ) cos sin
2 2
x x x x +
3 3
3sin 4sin 2sin cos 5cos sin 0 x x x x x x +
2 3
sin (3 4sin 2cos 5cos ) 0 x x x x +
3 2
sin (5cos 4cos 2cos 1) 0 x x x x +
22
Phng trnh lng gic
sin 0
cos 1
1 21
cos
10
1 21
cos
10
x
x
x
x
2
1 21
arccos 2
10
1 21
arccos 2
10
x k
x k
x k
x k
t +

t +
Vy,phng trnh c nghim: 2 x k ,

1 21
arccos 2
10
x k
+
t +
1 21
arccos 2
10
x k

t +
Bi 15.
2
sin2 (cot tan2 ) 4cos x x x x +
(1)
iu kin:
sin 0
cos2 0
4 2
x k
x
x x k
' '
+

Ta c:
cos sin2
cot tan2
sin cos 2
x x
x x
x x
+ +
cos 2 cos sin2 sin
sin cos2
x x x x
x x
+
cos
sin cos 2
x
x x
cos
2
(1) 2sin cos 4cos
sin cos2
x
x x x
x x

2
cos
2
2cos
cos 2
x
x
x

2
cos (1 2cos 2 ) 0 x x
cos 0
cos 2 1/ 2
x
x

2
6
x k
x k
t +

2
x k
+ ,
6
x k
t +
Bi 16.
6 8
2
2cos 1 3cos
5 5
x x
+
12 4
2
(1 cos ) 1 2(2cos 1)
5 5
x x
+ +

4 4 4
3 2
2 4cos 3cos 2(2cos 1)
5 5 5
x x x
+
t:
4
cos , 1 1
5
x
t t
phng trnh tr thnh:
3 2
4 6 3 5 0 t t t

1
1 21
4
t
t

4 5
cos 1
5 2
x
x k

+
23
Phng trnh lng gic

4 1 21 5 1 21 5
cos arccos
5 4 4 4 2
x
x k

+ t +
5
2
x k

,
5 1 21 5
arccos
4 4 2
x k

t +
Bi 17.
3
tan ( ) tan 1
4
x x
(1)
iu kin:
cos 0
2
3 cos( ) 0
4
4
x x k
x
x k
' '

+
3
(tan 1)
(1) tan 1
3
(1 tan )
x
x
x

+

3 3
(tan 1) (tan 1)(1 tan ) x x x +
3 2
(tan 1)[(1 tan ) (tan 1) ] 0 x x x +
3 2
(tan 1)(tan 2tan 5tan ) 0 x x x x + +
2
tan (tan 1)(tan 2tan 5) 0 x x x x + +
tan 0
tan 1
x
x

4
x k
x k
C2: t:
4
t x

Bi 18.
4 4
sin 2 cos 2
4
cos 4
tan( ) tan( )
4 4
x x
x
x x

+
+
(1)
iu kin:
sin( )cos( ) 0
4 4
sin( )cos( ) 0
4 4
x x
x x

'
+ +

sin( 2 ) 0
4
cos 2 0
sin( 2 ) 0
4
x
x
x

'
1 tan 1 tan
tan( ) tan( ) . 1
4 4 1 tan 1 tan
x x
x x
x x
+
+
+
4 4 4
(1) sin 2 cos 2 cos 4 x x x +

2 2 4
1 2sin 2 cos 2 cos 4 x x x
1
2 4
1 sin 4 cos 4
2
x x
1
2 4
1 (1 cos 4 ) cos 4
2
x x
4 2
2cos 4 cos 4 1 0 x x

2
cos 4 1 x
2
1 cos 4 0 x
sin4 0 x
4
x k

2
x k


24
Phng trnh lng gic
Bi 19.
1 2
48 (1 cot 2 cot ) 0
4 2
cos sin
x x
x x
+
(*)
iu kin: sin2 0
2
x x k

Ta c:
cos 2 cos
1 cot 2 cot 1
sin2 sin
x x
x x
x x
+ +

cos 2 sin sin2 sin
sin2 cos
x x x x
x x
+

cos
2
2sin cos
x
x x

1
2
2sin x
1 1
(*) 48 0
4 4
cos sin x x

1 1
48
4 4
cos sin x x
+
4 4 4 4
48sin cos sin cos x x x x +

1
4 2
3sin 2 1 sin 2
2
x x
4 2
6sin 2 sin 2 2 0 x x +

1
2
sin 2
2
x
2
1 2sin 2 0 x
cos4 0 x
8 4
x k

+
8 4
x k

+
Bi 20.
5
8 8 10 10
sin cos 2(sin cos ) cos2
4
x x x x x + + +
5
8 2 8 2
sin (1 2sin ) cos (2cos 1) cos 2
4
x x x x x
5
8 8
sin cos 2 cos cos 2 cos 2
4
x x x x x
8 8
4cos 2 (cos sin ) 5cos 2 0 x x x x +
4 4 4 4
4cos 2 (cos sin )(cos sin ) 5cos2 0 x x x x x x + +
2 2 2 2 4 4
4cos 2 (cos sin )(cos sin )(cos sin ) 5cos 2 0 x x x x x x x x + + +
1
2 2 2
4cos 2 (cos sin )(1 sin 2 ) 5cos2 0
2
x x x x x +
1
2 2
4cos 2 (1 sin 2 ) 5cos 2 0
2
x x x +
2
4cos2 (4cos 2 2cos2 sin 2 5) 0 x x x x +
2
4cos 2 [4cos2 2cos 2 (1 cos 2 ) 5] 0 x x x x +
3
4cos 2 (2cos 2 2cos 2 5) 0 x x x + +
cos2 0 x
4 2
x k

+
25
Phng trnh lng gic
RN LUYN K NNG KT HP NGHIM V IU KIN TRONG
PHNG TRNH LNG GIC C IU KIN
I. CC PHNG PHP KT HP NGHIM VI IU KIN PH BIN:
1. Biu din nghim (ca phng trnh h qu) v iu kin (ca phng trnh ban
u) qua cng mt hm s lng gic:
1.1 Kin thc c s:
Trong phn ny cn s dng tt cc cng thc sau:
Cng thc nhn i
Cng thc h bc
Cc hng ng thc c bn ca lng gic
T ta c cc kt qu cn ch sau
sin 0
2 0
cos 0
a
sin a
a

sin 0
2 0
cos 0
a
sin a
a

'
2
sin 0 cos 1 a a t
;
2
sin 1 cos 0 a a
2
os 0 sin 1 c a a t
;
2
os 1 sin 0 c a a
sin 0 os 1 a c a t
; os 0 sin 1 c a a t
1.2 Mt s v d minh ho:
V d 1: ( thi tuyn sinh H C 2010, khi A)
Gii phng trnh
( ) 1 sin os2 sin
1 4
cos
1 t anx 2
x c x x
x
_
+ + +

,
+
Li gii:
iu kin:
cos 0 sin 1
tan x 1 t anx 1
x x t
' '

Khi
( ) 1 sin os2 sin
1 4
cos
1 t anx 2
x c x x
x
_
+ + +

,
+

26
Phng trnh lng gic
( ) ( ) cos 1 sinx cos 2 2.sin cos sin cos
4
x x x x x x
_
+ + + +

,
( ) ( ) 1 sinx cos 2 2.sin sin cos
4
x x x x
_
+ + + +

,
(do
cos 0 x
)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
sin cos sin os2 0 sin cos sin 1 2sin 0
tan 1
sin cos
sin cos 0
sin 1 sin 1
2sin sin 1 0
1
1
sin
sin /
2
2
.2
1
6
sin
7 2
.2
6
x x x c x x x x x
x L
x x
x x
x x L
x x
x
x t m
x k
x k Z
x k
+ + + +
V d 2: ( thi tuyn sinh H C 2006, khi B)

Gii phng trnh
cot sin 1 tan . tan 4
2
x
x x x
_
+ +

,
Li gii: iu kin
cos 0
sinx 0 sin2x 0
os 0
2
x
x
c

'
Ta c
sin
cos sinx
2
cot sin 1 tan . tan 4 sinx 1 . 4
2 sinx cos
os
2
x
x x
x x x
x
x
c
_

_
+ + + +

,

,
cos . os sinx.sin
cos cos sinx
2 2
sinx 4 4
sinx sinx cos
cos . os
2
x x
x c
x x
x
x
x c
_
+

+ +

,
( )
( )
2 1
4 sin 2 /
sin 2 2
2 .2 .
6 12
5 5
2 .2 .
6 12
x t m
x
x k x k
k Z
x k x k

+ +

+ +

27
Phng trnh lng gic
V d 3: Gii phng trnh

1 1 2
cos sin 2 sin 4 x x x
+
Li gii:
iu kin
2
cos 0 sin 1 sin 1 sin 1
sin2x 0 sinx 0 sinx 0 sinx 0
sin 4 0 os2 0
1 2sin 0
2
sin
2
x x x x
x c x
x
x
t t t

' ' ' '

t
Khi
1 1 2
cos sin 2 sin 4 x x x
+
( )
2
sin 1
4sinx. os2 2 os2 2 sinx 2sin sinx-1 0 sin 0
1
sin
2
x
c x c x x x
x
+ +
i chiu vi iu kin ta c
( )
.2
1
6
sin
5 2
.2
6
x k
x k Z
x k
Vy phng trnh c nghim l

( )
.2
6
5
.2
6
x k
k Z
x k

28
Phng trnh lng gic

4 4
4
sin 2 os 2
os 4
tan tan
4 4
x c x
c x
x x

+
_ _
+

, ,
Li gii:
iu kin
sin 0
4
os 0 sin 2 0
4 2
os2 0 sin 2 1
sin 0 sin 2 0
4 2
os 0
4
x
c x x
c x x
x x
c x
_

,
_ _

, ,
t
' '
_ _

+ +

, ,
,
Nhn thy
tan . tan 1
4 4
x x
_ _
+

, ,
, do phng trnh cho tr thnh
4 4 4 2 4 4 2
2
1
sin 2 os 2 os 4 1 sin 4 os 4 2 os 4 os 4 1 0
2
sin 2 0
os 4 1 sin 4 0
os2 0
x c x c x x c x c x c x
x
c x x
c x
+

i chiu iu kin ta c ( ) sin 2 0

2
x x k k Z


2 4
sin 2 os 2 1
0
sin .cos
x c x
x x
+
Li gii: iu kin sin 2 0 x >

Khi phng trnh cho tr thnh
2
2 4 4 2
2
os 2 0 sin 2 1
sin 2 os 2 1 0 os 2 os 2 0
sin 2 0
os 2 1
c x x
x c x c x c x
x
c x
t
+
i chiu iu kin ta c ( ) sin 2 1 2 .2 .

2 4
x x k x k k Z

+ +
Cc bi tp tng t
29
Phng trnh lng gic
1/
2 3
2
2
os os 1
os2 tan
os
c x c x
c x x
c x

;
2/
2
os2 1
cot x 1 sin sin 2
1 t anx 2
c x
x x +
+
(2003_A);
3/
2
cot x t anx 4sin 2
sin 2
x
x
+
(2003_B);
4/
2 2 2
sin tan cos 0
2 4 2
x x
x
_

,
(2003_D);
5/
( )
2
5sin 2 3 1 sin tan x x x
(2004_B).
30
Phng trnh lng gic
2. Th trc tip v xt mnh i lp
2.1 Kin thc c s
+ Cc nhn xt v tnh chu k ca hm s lng gic.
( ) sin 2 sin k +
; ( ) s 2 os co k c +
;
( ) tan tan k +
; ( ) cot cot k +
+ Cc cng thc v gi tr lng gic ca cc cung c lin quan c bit.
2.2 Mt s v d minh ho
V d 1: Gii phng trnh os3 . tan5 sin 7 c x x x
Li gii: iu kin os5 0 c x
( )
2
2sin5 . os3 2sin7 . os5 sin8 sin12
20 10
k
x
x c x x c x x x k Z
k
x
Vi
2
k
x

th ( )
5
os5 os os 2 os 0 2
2 2 2
k k k
c x c c k c k m m Z

_ _
+

, ,
Vi
20 10
k
x

+ th
os5 os 0
4 2
k
c x c
_
+

,
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim l ( ) ; ,
20 10
k
x m x m k Z

+
V d 2: ( thi tuyn sinh H C, 2011, khi A)
Gii phng trnh
2
1 sin2x+cos 2
2 sinxsin 2
1 cot x
x
x
+
+
Li gii: iu kin
sin 0 cos 1 x x t
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2 2
sin 1 sin 2 os2 2 2 sin .cos 1 2sin .cos 2 os 1 2 2 cos
cos 0 /
2cos sinx cos 2 0
sinx cos 2 *
x x c x x x x x c x x
x t m
x x
x
+ + + +

+
+
Gi s
sin 0 cos 1 x x t
, khi ( ) * 0 1 2 t (v l)
Do phng trnh tng ng vi
cos 0
2
cos 1
2
4
4
x
x k
x
x k

+
,


31
Phng trnh lng gic
Vy phng trnh c nghim l ( )
2
2
4
x k
k Z
x k
V d 3: Gii phng trnh ( )

1
3sinx 2cos 3 1 t anx
cos
x
x
+ +
Li gii: iu kin
os 0 sin 1 c x x t
Khi
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
1
3sinx 2cos 3 1 t anx cos 3sinx 2cos 3 cos s inx 1
cos
cos 3sinx 2cos cos 3sinx 2cos 1
cos 3sinx 2cos 1 3sinx 2cos 1 0
cos 1 0 1
3sinx 2cos 1 cos 1 0
3sinx 2cos 1 0 2
x x x x
x
x x x x
x x x
x
x x
x
+ + + +
+ +
+ +

+

+
( ) 1 cos 1 x
tho mn iu kin, do ta c
2 , x k k Z
Tip theo gi s
os 0 sin 1 c x x t
, thay vo (2) ta c 3 1 0 t (v l)
Tc l cc nghim ca (2) u tho mn iu kin.
Gii (2) ta c
1
ar os 2
13
x cc k k Z t +
,
(vi
2 3
os ; sin
13 13
c
)
Vy phng trnh c nghim
2
1
ar os 2
13
x k
k Z
x cc k
t +

32
Phng trnh lng gic

2
2
tan t anx 2
sin
tan 1 2 4
x
x
x
+ _
+

+
,
Li gii: iu kin
os 0 sin 1 c x x t
Khi
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2
2
2
tan t anx 2 2 2 2
sin os tan t anx sinx cos
tan 1 2 4 2 2 2
1
sin cos .s inx sinx cos 2sinx sinx cos sinx cos 0
2
sinx cos 2sinx 1 0 *
x
x c x x x
x
x x x x x
x
_
+ _
+ + +

+
,
,
+ + + +
+
Gi s
os 0 sin 1 c x x t
, thay vo (*) ta c
( ) 1 2 1 0 t t
(v l)
Tc l cc nghim ca (*) u tho mn iu kin.
Gii (*) ta c ( )
3 5
; 2 ; 2
4 6 6
x k x k x k k Z

+ + +
tan5 . tan 2 1 x x
Li gii: iu kin
( )
( )
( )
1
os5 0
10 5
,
os2 0
2
4 2
x m
c x
m n Z
c x
x n

' '
phng trnh tng ng vi

( )
1
tan5 tan5 cot 2
tan 2 14 7
x x x x k k Z
x

+
+ i chiu iu kin (1)
Gi s
1 2
14 7 10 5 5
m
k m k m
+
+ + +
Do
, k m Z
nn
1 2 1
: 2
5 2
m t
t Z t m t
+
+
Li do
, t m Z
nn
1
: 2 1
2
t
s Z s t s
+
T 7 3 k s + . Suy ra
14 7
x k

+ vi 7 3 k s + tho mn phng trnh
+ i chiu iu kin (2)
Gi s ( ) 4 14 5 3
14 7 4 2
k n k n

+ +
Ta thy v tri ca (3) chn, v phi ca (3) l nn khng tn ti
, k n Z
tho mn (3).
T suy ra iu kin (2) lun c tho mn.
33
Phng trnh lng gic
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim l ( )
14 7
x k k Z

+
Cc bi tp tng t
1/
( ) 2 sinx cos
1
tan cot 2 cot 1
x
x x x
+
;
2/ 2sin cotx 2sin 2 1 x x + + ;
3/
sinx.cot5x
1;
os9x c

4/
( )
2
4
4
2 sin 2 .sin3
tan 1 ;
cos
x x
x
x
+
5/ ( )
2
1
4cos 3 sin3 .
2
x x
34
Phng trnh lng gic
3. Biu din trn ng trn lng gic (TLG)
3.1 Kin thc c s
+ Mi cung (hoc gc) lng gic c biu din bi mt im trn TLG
2 x k + c biu din bi mt im trn TLG;
x k + c biu din trn TLG bi 2 im i xng nhau qua O;
2
3
k
x

+ c biu din trn TLG bi 3 im cch u nhau, to thnh 3 nh mt tam gic
u ni tip TLG;
2 k
x
n
+ c biu din trn TLG bi n im cch u nhau, to thnh n nh mt a gic

u ni tip TLG.
+ Ta biu din trn TLG nhng im khng tho mn iu kin (nh du x) v nhng im
nghim tm c (nh du o). Nhng im nh du o m khng trng vi nhng im nh du
x chnh l nhng im tho mn iu kin.
3.2 Mt s v d minh ho
V d 1: ( thi tuyn sinh H C 2011, khi D)
Gii phng trnh

sin2x +2cos s inx 1
0
tanx + 3
x
Li gii: iu kin ( )
t anx 3
3
,
cos 0
2
x m
m n Z
x
x n

' '
Khi phngtrnh cho tr thnh

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
sin2x +2cos sinx 1 0 2cos sinx 1 sinx 1 0
sinx 1 x 2
2
sinx 1 2cos 1 0
1
cos
2
2
3
x x
k
x
x
x k
+ +

t +

V d 2: ( thi tuyn sinh H C 2006, khi A)
35
Kt hp vi iu kin trn ng trn lng gic (nh hnh
bn) ta c nghim ca phng trnh l
( ) 2
3
x k k Z
+
3
2
3
O
y
x
Phng trnh lng gic
Gii phng trnh
( )
6 6
2 cos sin sin .cos
0
2 2sin
x x x x
x
+
Li gii: iu kin
( )
2
2
4
sinx ,
3 2
2
4
x m
m n Z
x n

'

( )
( )
6 6
2
2
2 cos sin sin .cos 0
3 1
2 1 sin 2 sin 2 0
4 2
3sin 2 sin 2 4 0 sin 2 1
4
x x x x
x x
x x x
x k k Z
+
_

,
+
+

sin sin 2
1
sin3
x x
x
+

Li gii: iu kin
sin3 0 3
3
x x k x k

Khi
sin sin 2
1 sin sin 2 sin3 0
sin3
2sin 2 .cos sin 2 0
x x
x x x
x
x x x
+
+ +
+

( )
sin 2 0
sin 2 2cos 1 0
1
cos
2
x
x x
x

2
2
2
3
x k
x k
t +
Kt hp vi iu kin trn ng trn lng gic

Ta c nghim ca phng trnh l
2
x k
+
.
36
o
y
x
4
3
4
5
4
Kt hp vi iu kin trn ng trn lng gic ta c

nghim ca phng trnh l
( )
5
2
4
x k k Z
+
O
x
2
y
2
2
3
4
3
Phng trnh lng gic

Cc bi tp tng t
1/
sinx sin 2 sin3
3
cos os2 os3
x x
x c x c x
+ +
+ +
;
2/
cos sin3 0 x x +
;
3/
1 cos 1 cos
4sinx
cos
x x
x
+ +
;
4/
2
2 3. os 2sin3 .cos sin 4 3
1
3sinx cos
c x x x x
x
+
+
;
5/
( )
( ) ( )
1 2sin cos
3
1 2sinx 1 s inx
x x
+
( thi tuyn sinh H C 2009, khi A).
37
Phng trnh lng gic
II. Mt s ch khi p dng chuyn vo thc t.
Khi p dng chuyn vo thc t ging dy c th ny sinh mt vi vn
cn ch nh sau
1/ Nu mt bi ton PTLG c th kt hp nghim vi iu kin theo c ba phng php trn th
nn p dng theo phng php no?
Vi vn ny cn nhn mnh cho hc sinh thy phng php 1 l t thao tc hn c. Vi vi vy
nu lm c theo phng php 1: Biu din nghim (ca phng trnh h qu) v iu kin (ca
phng trnh ban u) qua cng mt hm s lng gicl ngn gn hn c.
2/ Khi lm bi thi nu p dng phng php 3: Biu din trn TLG, do yu cu thm m v
tnh chnh xc nn s mt rt nhiu thi gian trnh by. Vy c c php b qua phn v hnh khu
kt hp iu kin khng?
Vi vn ny, c th cho php hc sinh khng trnh by hnh v vo trong bi lm nhng yu cu
hc sinh phi phc ho ra nhp v thc hin ng cc thao tc nh ni trong phng php c kt
lun chnh xc. ng thi khi trnh by vo bi lm phi ni r l kt hp trn TLG ta c nghim ca
phng trnh l
3/ C phng php no c th p dng cho tt c cc bi ton PTLG c iu kin khng? Lm
sao bit mi bi ton nn kt hp nghim theo phng php no?
Cu tr li l khng c phng php no c th p dng cho tt c cc bi ton.
Vi nhng bi ton khng p dng c theo phng php 1 th ta tm cch p dng phng php
2 v 3. Phng php 3 c th coi l ph bin hn phng php 2 nhng trong mt s bi ton m vic
biu din nghim v iu kin cn qu nhiu im hoc cc im biu din trn TLG qu gn nhauth
phng php 3 gp kh khn v gn nh khng th thc hin c trong gii hn v thi gian cng nh
nng lc ca hc sinh. Khi phng php 2 li ph hp hn ( v d 1, v d 5 ca phng php 2 minh
ho cho iu ny).
III. Hng pht trin chuyn :
Do thi gian c hn nn chuyn ch cp nhng phng php c bn v kt hp nghim vi iu
kin ca phng trnh lng gic c iu kin. Chuyn c th nghin cu m rng vi cc bi ton
gii h phng trnh lng gic hoc h lng gic hn hp, cng nh cc phng trnh kt hp gia
hm s lng gic v cc hm s m, lga rt v hm s di du cn
38
Phng trnh lng gic
PHNG TRNH LNG GIC TRONG CC THI I HC 2002 - 2011
Bai 1: [H A02] Tm ( ) x 0; 2
:
cos3x sin3x
5 sin x cos 2x 3
1 2sin 2x
+ _
+ +

+
,
Bai 2: [H B02]
2 2 2 2
sin 3x cos 4x sin 5x cos 6x
Bai 3: [H D02] Tm [ ]
x 0;14
: cos3x 4cos 2x 3cos x 4 0 +
Bai 4: [D b 1 H02] Xc nh m phng trnh sau c t nht 1 nghim thuc
0;
2
1
1
]

( )
4 4
2 sin x cos x cos 4x sin 2x m 0 + + +
Bai 5: [D b 2 H02]
4 4
sin x cos x 1 1
cot 2x
5sin 2x 2 8sin 2x
+

Bai 6: [D b 3 H02]
( )
2
4
4
2 sin 2x sin3x
tan x 1
cos x
+
Bai 7: [D b 4 H02]
2
x
tan x cos x cos x sin x 1 tan x. tan
2
_
+ +

,
Bai 8: [D b 5 H02] Cho phng trnh :
2sin x cos x 1
a
sin x 2cos x 3
+ +
+
a) Gii phng trnh vi
1
a=
3
b) Tm a phng trnh trn c nghim.
Bai 9: [D b 6 H02]
2
1
sin x
8cos x

Bai 10: [H A03]
2
cos 2x 1
cot x 1 sin x sin 2x
1 tan x 2
+
+

Bai 11: [H B03]
2
cot x tan x 4sin 2x
sin 2x
+
Bai 12: [H D03]
2 2 2
x x
sin tan x cos 0
2 4 2
_

,
Bai 13: [D b 1 H A03] ( ) 3 tan x tan x 2sin x 6cos x 0 + +
Bai 14: [D b 2 H A03] ( )
2
cos 2x cos x 2tan x 1 2 +
Bai 15: [D b 1 H B03]
6 2
3cos 4x 8cos x 2cos x 3 0 + +
Bai 16: [D b 2 H B03]
( )
2
x
2 3 cos x 2sin
2 4
1
2cos x 1
_

,
Bai 17: [D b 1 H D03]

( )
( )
2
cos x cos x 1
2 1 sin x
sin x cos x
+
+
Bai 18: [D b 2 H D03]
2cos 4x
cot x tan x
sin 2x
+
Bai 19: [H B04]
2
5sin x 2 3(1 sin x) tan x
Bai 20: [H D04] ( ) ( ) 2cos x 1 2sin x cos x sin 2x sin x +
Bai 21: [D b 1 H A04] ( ) sin x sin 2x 3 cos x cox2x + +
Bai 22: [D b 2 H A04] 1 sin x 1 cos x 1 +
Bai 23: [D b 1 H B04] ( )
3 3
4 sin x cos x cos x 3sin x + +
39
Phng trnh lng gic
Bai 24: [D b 2 H B04]
1 1
2 2 cos x
cos x sin x 4
_
+

,
Bai 25: [D b 1 H D04] sin 4xsin 7x cos3x cos 6x
Bai 26: [D b 2 H D04] ( ) sin 2x 2 2 sin x cos x 5 0 +
Bai 27: [H A05]
2 2
cos 3x cos 2x cos x 0
Bai 28: [H B05] 1 sin cos x sin 2x cos 2x 0 + + + +
Bai 29: [H D05]
4 4
3
cos x sin x cos x sin 3x 0
4 4 2
_ _
+ +

, ,
Bai 30: [D b 1 H A05] Tm ( ) x 0;

2 2
x 3
4sin 3 cos 2x 1 2cos x
2 4
_
+

,
Bai 31: [D b 2 H A05]
3
2 2 cos x 3cos x sin x 0
4
_

,
Bai 32: [D b 1 H B05]
3
4
_

,
Bai 33: [D b 2 H B05]
2
2
cos 2x 1
tan x 3tan x
2 cos x
_
+

,
Bai 34: [D b 1 H D05]
3 sin x
tan x 2
2 1 cos x
_
+

+
,
Bai 35: [D b 2 H D05] sin 2x cos 2x 3sin x cos x 2 0 + +
Bai 36: [H A06]
( )
6 6
2 cos x sin x sin x cos x
0
2 2sin x
+
Bai 37: [H B06]

x
cot x sin x 1 tan x tan 4
2
_
+ +

,
Bai 38: [H D06] cos3x cos 2x cos x 1 0 +
Bai 39: [D b 1 H A06]
3 3
2 3 2
cos3x cos x sin3xsin x
8
+

Bai 40: [D b 2 H A06]
2sin 2x 4sin x 1 0
6
_
+ +

,
Bai 41: [D b 1 H B06] ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2sin x 1 tan 2x 3 2cos x 1 0 +
Bai 42: [D b 2 H B06] ( ) ( ) cos 2x 1 2cos x sin x cos x 0 + +
Bai 43: [D b 1 H D06]
3 3 2
cos x sin x 2sin x 1 + +
Bai 44: [D b 2 H D06]
3 2
4sin x 4sin x 3sin 2x 6cos x 0 + + +
Bai 45: [H A07] ( ) ( )
2 2
1 sin x cos x 1 cos x sin x 1 sin 2x + + + +
Bai 46: [H B07]
2
2sin 2x sin 7x 1 sin x +
Bai 47: [H D07]
2
x x
sin cos 3 cos x 2
2 2
_
+ +

,
Bai 48: [D b 1 H A07]
1 1
sin 2 sin 2cot 2
2sin sin 2
x x x
x x
+
Bai 49: [D b 2 H A07]
2
2cos 2 3 sin cos 1 3(sin 3 cos ) x x x x x + + +
Bai 50: [D b 1 H B07]
5 3
sin cos 2 cos
2 4 2 4 2
x x x _ _

, ,
40
Phng trnh lng gic
Bai 51: [D b 2 H B07]
sin 2 cos
tan cot
cos sin
x x
x x
x x
+
Bai 52: [D b 1 H D07]
2 2 sin cos 1
12
x x
_

,
Bai 53: [D b 2 H D07]
(1 tan )(1 sin 2 ) 1 tan x x x + +
Bai 54: [H A08]
1 1 7
4sin x
3 sin x 4
sin x
2
_
+

_ ,

,

Bai 55: [H B08]
3 3 2 2
sin x 3 cos x sin x cos x 3sin xcos x
Bai 56: [H D08] ( ) 2sin x 1 cos 2x sin 2x 1 2cos x + + +
Bai 57: [C 08] sin3x 3 cos3x 2sin 2x
Bai 58: [D b 1 H A08]
2
tan cot 4cos 2 x x x +
Bai 59: [D b 2 H A08]
2
sin 2 sin
4 4 2
x x
_ _
+

, ,
Bai 60: [D b 1 H B08]
1
2sin sin 2
3 6 2
x x
_ _
+

, ,
Bai 61: [D b 2 H B08]
2
3sin cos 2 sin 2 4sin cos
2
x
x x x x + +
Bai 62: [D b 1 H D08] ( )
4 4
4 sin cos cos 4 sin 2 0 x x x x + + +
Bai 63: [D b 2 H D08]
2
2
tan tan 2
sin
tan 1 2 4
x x
x
x
+ _
+

+
,

Bai 64: [H A09]
(1 2sin x) cos x
3
(1 2sin x)(1 sin x)
+
Bai 65: [H B09] ( )
3
sin x cos xsin 2x 3 cos3x 2 cos 4x sin x + + +
Bai 66: [H D09] 3 cos5x 2sin3x cos 2x sin x 0
Bai 67: [C 09]
2
(1 2sin x) cos x 1 sin x cos x + + +
Bai 68: [H A10]
( ) 1 sinx os2 sin
1 4
cos
1 t anx 2
c x x
x
_
+ + +

,
+
Bai 69: [H B10] ( ) sin2x+cos2 cos 2cos 2 sinx 0 x x x +
Bai 70: [H D10] sin 2 os2 3sin cos 1 0 x c x x x +
Bai 71: [H A11]
2
1 sin 2 os2
2 sin xsin 2
1 cot
x c x
x
x
+ +
+
Bai 72: [DB A11] 9sin 6cos 3sin 2 cos 2 8 x x x x + +
Bai 73: [H B11] sin 2 cos sin x cos os2 sinx cos x x x c x x + + +
Bai 74: [H D11]
sin 2 2cos sinx 1
0
t anx 3
x x +
+
Bai 75: [DB D11] ( ) 3cos 2 2cos sin 1 0 x x x +
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HNG DN GII CC PHNG TRNH LNG GIC
TRONG CC THI I HC T 2002 N 2009
41
Phng trnh lng gic
Bi Hng dn gii Kt qa
1
A.2002
Tm ( ) x 0; 2
:
cos3x sin3x
5 sin x cos 2x 3
1 2sin 2x
+ _
+ +

+
,
(1)
iu kin :
1
sin 2
2
x
cos3x sin3x sin x 2sin xsin 2x cos3x sin3x
5 sin x 5
1 2sin 2x 1 sin 2x
+ + + + _ _
+

+ +
, ,
sin cos cos3 cos3 sin3
5
1 2sin 2
x x x x x
x
+ + + _

+
,
sin3 sin cos 2sin 2 cos cos
5 5
1 2sin 2 1 2sin 2
x x x x x x
x x
+ + + _ _

+ +
, ,
cos (1 2sin 2 )
5 5cos
1 2sin 2
x x
x
x
+ _

+
,
(1)
2
5cos cos 2 3 2cos 5cos 3 0 x x x x + +

cos 2 (L)
1
cos cos
2 3
x
x

cos cos
3
x

2
3
2
3
x k
k
x k
V ( ) 0; 2 x
Nn nghim ca
phng trnh :
5
;
3 3
x x

2
B.2002

2 2 2 2
sin 3x cos 4x sin 5x cos 6x
1 cos 6 1 cos8 1 cos10 1 cos12
2 2 2 2
x x x x + +

cos12 cos10 cos8 cos 6 x x x x + +
2cos (cos11 cos 7 ) 0 4cos .sin9 .sin 2 0 x x x x x x
9
2
k
x
k
k
x
3
D.2002
Tm [ ]
x 0;14
: cos3x 4cos 2x 3cos x 4 0 + (1)
Ta c :
3
cos3 4cos 3cos x x x
(1)
cos3 3cos 4(1 cos 2 ) 0 x x x + +
3 2
4cos 8cos 0 x x
( )
2
4cos cos 2 0 cos 0 x x x
;
2
x k k
+
V
(0;14) x
3 5 7
; ; ;
2 3 2 2
x

' )

4
DB 1
2002
Xc nh m phng trnh sau c t nht 1 nghim thuc
0;
2
1
1
]
:
( )
4 4
2 sin x cos x cos 4x sin 2x m 0 + + +
(1)
(1) ( )
2 2 2
2 1 2sin cos 1 sin 2 2sin 2 0 x x x x m + + +
2
3 3sin 2 2sin 2 0 m x x + +
2
3 2 ( 3) 0 t t m + (2) vi sin 2 t x
Ta c : [ ] [ ]
0; 2 0; 0;1
2
x x t
1

1
]
Bi ton thnh : Xc nh m phng trnh sau c t nht 1
nghim thuc on [ ]
0;1
(2)
2
3 2 3 t t m +
t
2
3 2 (P)
3 d
y t t
y m

'
+
S nghim ca (2) l s giao im ca d v (P)

42
y
x
1
o
1
1
3
1
2
1
3
Phng trnh lng gic

Kho st hm s :
2
3 2 y t t [ ]
0;1 t
' 6 2 y t

1
' 0 6 2 0
3
y t t
BBT
Phng trnh (2) c t
nht mt nghin trn
on [ ]
0;1
1
3 1
3
10
2
3
m
m
+

5
DB 2
2002

4 4
sin x cos x 1 1
cot 2x
5sin 2x 2 8sin 2x
+
(1)
iu kin : sin 2 0 x
(1)
2 2
1 2sin cos 1 1
cos 2
5 2 8
x x
x

2
2
sin 2 5 5 5
1 cos 2 2 (1 cos 2 ) 5cos 2
2 2 8 4
x
x x x
2
9
cos 2 ( )
9
2
cos 2 5cos 2 0
1 4
cos 2
2
x L
x x
x
cos 2 cos
3
2 2
3
2
3
6
6
x
x k
x k
x k
k
x k
6
DB 3
2002

( )
2
4
4
2 sin 2x sin3x
tan x 1
cos x
+
(1)
iu kin : cos 0 x
(1)
4 4 2
sin cos (2 sin 2 ) sin3 x x x x +
2
2
2 2
sin 2
1 (2 sin 2 ) sin3
2
2 sin 2 (2 sin 2 )2sin3
x
x x
x x x

2
(2 sin 2 )(1 2sin 3 ) 0
1
1 2sin3 0 sin3
2
x x
x x

sin3 sin
6
x

3 2
6
5
3 2
6
2
18 3
5 2
18 3
x k
x k
k
x
k
x
k
7
DB 4
2002
2
x
tan x cos x cos x sin x 1 tan x. tan
2
_
+ +

,
(1)
iu kin :
cos 0
cos 0
2
x
x

'
Ta c :
sin sin cos cos sin sin
2 2 2
1 tan . tan 1
2
cos cos cos cos
2 2
x x x
x x x
x
x
x x
x x
+
+ +
43
1
3
x
' y
y
+
0
0
1
3
+
0 1
Phng trnh lng gic

cos
1 2
cos
cos cos
2
x
x
x
x
x
_

,

(1)
2
sin
tan cos cos
cos
x
x x x
x
+
cos 0 (L)
cos (1 cos ) 0
cos 1
x
x x
x

cos 1 x
2 ; x k k
8
DB 5
2002
Cho phng trnh :
2sin x cos x 1
a
sin x 2cos x 3
+ +
+

a) Gii phng trnh vi
1
a=
3
b) Tm a phng trnh trn c nghim.
Gii.
a)Vi
1
3
a , phng trnh thnh :
2sin x cos x 1 1
sin x 2cos x 3 3
+ +
+
(1)
v : sin 2cos 3 0 x x x + >
(1)
6sin 3cos 3 sin 2cos 3
5sin 5cos 0 sin cos 0
2 sin 0 sin 0
4 4
x x x x
x x x x
x x

+ + +
+ +
_ _
+ +

, ,
sin 0
4
4
4
x
x k
x k
_
+

,
+
+
k
b) ( )
2sin x cos x 1
a sin x cos x 1 a sin x 2cos x 3
sin x 2cos x 3
+ +
+ + +
+
(2 )sin (2 1) cos 3 1 a x a x a + +
(2)
iu kin phng trnh (2) c nghim :
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2
2 2 1 3 1 4 6 4 0 a a a a a + +
1
2
2
a

1
2
2
a
9
DB 6
2002

2
1
sin x
8cos x
(1)
iu kin :
cos 0
sin 0
x
x

'
(1)
2 2 2
2
1
sin 1 8sin cos
8cos
x x x
x

2
2sin 2 1 0 cos 4 0 4
2 8 4
k
x x x k x

+ +
V : sin 0 x
2
8
x m
+
3
2
8
x m
+ ; m
5
2
8
x m
+
7
2
8
x m
+
10
A2003
2
cos 2x 1
cot x 1 sin x sin 2x
1 tan x 2
+
+
(1)
iu kin :
sin 2 0
tan 1
x
x

'

(1)
2 2
cos cos sin
1 sin (sin cos )
sin
sin
1
cos
x x x
x x x
x
x
x
+
+
44
Phng trnh lng gic
( )
2 2
2
cos sin cos (cos sin )
sin (sin cos )
sin sin cos
cos sin
cos (cos sin ) sin (sin cos )
sin
(cos sin ) sin sin cos 1 0
x x x x x
x x x
x x x
x x
x x x x x x
x
x x x x x

+
+
+
+
2
cos sin 0
sin sin cos 1 0
x x
x x x

*
cos sin 0 2 cos 0
4
x x x
_
+

,

cos 0 ;
4 4 2 4
x x k x k k

_
+ + + +

,
*
2
1 cos 2 sin 2
sin sin cos 1 0 1 0
2 2
x x
x x x

+ +
sin 2 cos 2 3 0 x x + ( v nghim )
;
4
x k k
+
11
B2003
2
cot x tan x 4sin 2x
sin 2x
+ (1)
iu kin : sin 2 0 x
(1)
cos sin 2
4sin 2
sin cos sin 2
x x
x
x x x
+
( )
2 2
2 2
cos sin 2
4sin 2
sin cos sin 2
2cos 2 4sin 2 2 2cos 2 4 1 cos 2 2
x x
x
x x x
x x x x
+
+ +
2
cos 2 1
2cos cos 2 1 0
1
cos 2
2
x
x x
x

3
x k
k
x k
t +
12
D2003
2 2 2
x x
sin tan x cos 0
2 4 2
_

,
(1)
iu kin : cos 0 x
(1) ( )
2
2
1 sin 1
1 cos 1 cos
2 2 cos 2
x
x x
x
1 _
+
1
, ]
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
1 sin sin 1 cos cos
1 sin 1 cos 1 cos 1 sin
x x x x
x x x x
+
+
( ) ( ) ( ) 1 sin 1 cos sin cos 0 x x x x + +
sin 1 sin 1
2
cos 1 cos 1 2
sin cos 0
sin 0
4 4
x k
x x
x x x k
x x
x k x

+
_

+ +

,
So vi iu kin :
cos 0 x
Nghim ca (1) :
2
4
x k
k
x k


45
Phng trnh lng gic
13
DB 1
A2003
( ) 3 tan x tan x 2sin x 6cos x 0 + +
iu kin : cos 0 x
sin sin 2sin cos
3 6cos 0
cos cos
x x x x
x
x x
+ _
+

,
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
3cos sin 1 2cos 6cos 0
3cos 1 2cos sin 1 2cos 0
1 2cos 3cos sin 0
x x x x
x x x x
x x x
+ +
+ +
+
2
2
2
1
cos
1 2cos 0
1
2
cos
1 4 4cos 1 0
cos
4
x
x
x
x
x
1 1 2
1 cos cos 2 cos
2 2 3
x x

+
2
cos 2 cos
3
2
2 2
3
2
2 2
3
x
x k
x k
3
3
x k
k
x k
14
DB 2
A2003
( )
2
cos 2x cos x 2tan x 1 2 +
iu kin : cos 0 x
2
2sin
cos 2 cos 2
cos
x
x x
x
+
2
2
2
2sin
cos 2 cos 2 1 2sin
cos
1
2sin 1 1 cos
cos
x
x x x
x
x x
x
+
_
+

,
2
2(1 cos )(1 cos ) (1 cos ) cos x x x x +
( )
2
1 cos 2(1 cos ) cos 0 x x x 1 +
]
2
cos 1
cos 1
1
cos 2cos 5cos 2 0
2
x
x
x x x

2
3
x k
x k

t +
15
DB 1
B2003

6 2
3cos 4x 8cos x 2cos x 3 0 + +
2 4
3(1 cos 4 ) 2cos (4cos 1) 0 x x x +
( )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2
4 2
4 2
6cos 2 2cos (2cos 1)(2cos 1) 0
6cos 2 cos (2cos 1) cos 2 0
cos 2 3cos 2 cos (2cos 1) 0
cos 2 2cos 5cos 3 0
cos 2 0
2cos 5cos 3 0
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x
x
x x
+
+
1 +
]
+

* cos 2 0 2
2 4 2
k
x x k x

+ + ; k
*
2
4 2 2
2
cos 1
2cos 5cos 3 0 sin 0
3
cos ( )
2
x
x x x
x L

4 2
k
x
k
x k

16
DB 2
B2003

V :
1
cos
2
x
Nn nghim ca
46
Phng trnh lng gic

( )
2
x
2 3 cos x 2sin
2 4
1
2cos x 1
_

,
(1)
iu kin :
1
cos
2
x
(1)
(2 3) cos 1 cos 2cos 1
2
2cos 3cos 1 sin 2cos 1
3 cos sin 0
3 1
cos sin 0 cos cos sin sin 0
2 2 6 6
cos 0 ;
6 6 2 3
x x x
x x x x
x x
x x x x
x x k x k k

1 _

1
, ]
+

_
+ + + +

,
phng trnh :
4
2 ;
3
x k k
+
47
Phng trnh lng gic
17
DB 1
D2003

( )
( )
2
cos x cos x 1
2 1 sin x
sin x cos x
+
+
(1)
iu kin :
sin cos 2 sin 0
4
x x x
_
+ +

,
(1)
2
(1 sin )(cos 1) 2(1 sin )(sin cos ) x x x x x + +
( ) [ ]
( ) [ ]
( ) [ ]
( ) [ ]
( ) ( )
2
1 sin (1 sin )(cos 1) 2(sin cos ) 0
1 sin cos 1 sin cos sin 2sin 2cos 0
1 sin sin 1 sin cos cos 0
1 sin (1 sin ) cos (1 sin ) 0
sin 1
1 sin 1 cos 0
cos 1
x x x x x
x x x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x
x
x x
x
+ +
+ +
+ + + +
+ + + +

+ +

2
2
2
x k
k
x k
18
DB 2
D2003

2cos 4x
cot x tan x
sin 2x
+ (1)
iu kin : sin 2 0 cos 2 1 x x t
(1)
2cos 4
cot tan
sin 2
x
x x
x

2 2
2
cos sin cos 4
sin cos sin cos
cos sin cos 4
cos 2 cos 4 2cos 2 cos 2 1 0
cos 2 1( )
1 2
cos 2 cos
2 3
x x x
x x x x
x x x
x x x x
x L
x

;
3
x k k
t +
19
B2004

2
5sin x 2 3(1 sin x) tan x iu kin : cos 0 x
2
2
3sin
5sin 2 (1 sin )
1 sin
x
x x
x

2
2
(5sin 2)(1 sin ) 3sin
1
sin sin
2sin 3sin 2 0 2 6
sin 2
x x x
x
x x
x
2
6
5
2
6
x k
k
x k
20
D2004
( ) ( ) 2cos x 1 2sin x cos x sin 2x sin x +
( ) ( )
(2cos 1)(2sin cos ) sin (2cos 1)
2cos 1 sin cos 0
1
cos cos cos
2cos 1 3 2
sin cos 0
2 sin 0 sin 0
4 4
x x x x x
x x x
x x
x
x x
x x

+
+

+ _ _

+ +

, ,
2
3
4
x k
k
x k
t +
21
DB 1
A2004
( ) sin x sin 2x 3 cos x cox2x + +
sin sin 2 3 cos 3 cos 2
sin 3 cos 3 cos 2 sin 2
1 3 3 1
sin cos cos 2 sin 2
2 2 2 2
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
+ +

sin cos 2
3 6
sin cos 2 sin 2
3 2 3 3
sin 2 sin 0
3 3
3
sin 0
3 2 3
2sin cos 0
2 3 2
cos 0
2
x x
x x x
x x
x
x x
x

_ _
+

, ,
1 _ _ _
+
1
, , , ]
_ _
+

, ,
_

_ _
,

, ,
3
2 3
2 2
2 2
9 3
2

x
k
x
k
k
x
x k
k
48
Phng trnh lng gic

2 2
2
sin 2 (1 2sin 2 ) sin 2 1 0
sin 2 1
sin 2 sin 2 2 0
sin 2 2
x x x
x
x x
x
+

+

;
4
x k k
+
30
DB 1
A2005
Tm ( ) x 0;
ca :
2 2
x 3
4sin 3 cos 2x 1 2cos x
2 4
_
+

,
3
2(1 cos ) 3 cos 2 1 1 cos 2
2
x x x
_
+ +

,
2 2cos 3 cos 2 2 sin 2 x x x
2cos 3 cos 2 sin 2 x x x (chia 2 v cho 2)
3 1
cos cos 2 sin 2 cos( ) cos 2
2 2 6
x x x x x

_
+

,
2 2
6
cos 2 cos( )
6
2 2
6
x x k
x x
x x k
+ +
_
+

,

+ + +

1
1 2
2
2 5
18 3
;
7
2
6
k
x
k k
x k

V { }
1
1
1
5 17
0;1 ;
(0; ) 18 18
k
k x x
k

'
V
2
2
2
5
1
(0; ) 6
k
k x
k

'
3
cos 2
2
sin 2
x
x
_

,

5
18
17
18
5
6
x
x
x
31
DB 2
A2005
32
DB1
B2005

3
4
_

,
3
3
3 3 2 2
2 cos 3cos sin 0
4
(cos sin ) 3cos sin 0
cos sin 3cos sin 3cos sin 3cos sin 0
x x x
x x x x
x x x x x x x x
1 _

1
, ]
+
+ + +
3
3 2 2 2
cos 0
sin sin 0
cos 0
1 tan 3tan 3tan 3(1 tan ) tan (1 tan ) 0
x
x x
x
x x x x x x

'

'
+ + + + +

2 2
sin 1 cos 0
tan 1 tan 1
x x
x x

2
4
x k
k
x k
33
DB 2
B2005

2
2
cos 2x 1
tan x 3tan x
2 cos x
_
+

,
(1)
iu kin : sin 2 0 x
(1)
2
2
2
2sin
cot 3tan
cos
x
x x
x

;
4
x k k
+
49
Phng trnh lng gic
2 3
1
tan 0 tan 1 tan 1
tan
x x x
x
+
34
DB 1
D2005

3 sin x
tan x 2
2 1 cos x
_
+

+
,
(1) iu kin : sin 0 x
(1)
( )
2
2 2
sin cos sin
cot 2 2
1 cos sin 1 cos
cos (1 cos ) sin 2sin (1 cos )
cos cos sin 2sin (1 cos )
cos 1( )
(1 cos ) 1 2sin 0
1
sin sin
2 6
x x x
x
x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
x L
x x
x

+ +
+ +
+ + +
+ + +

2
6
5
2
6
x k
k
x k
35
DB 2
D2005
sin 2x cos 2x 3sin x cos x 2 0 + +
2
2
2sin cos 1 2sin 3sin cos 2 0
2sin (2cos 3) sin cos 1 0 (1)
x x x x x
x x x x
+ +
+ + +
Ch : (1) l phng trnh bc 2 vi bin sin x
Ta c :
2 2
(2cos 3) 8(cos 1) (2cos 1) x x x + + +
Nghim ca (1) :
2cos 3 2cos 1
sin cos 1
4
2cos 3 2cos 1 1
sin
4 2
x x
x x
x x
x
+ + +
+
2
1
6
sin sin
5 2 6
2
6
x k
x k
x k
1
sin cos 1 sin cos 1 sin sin
4 4 2
x x x x x
_
+

,
2
6
5
2
6
2
2
2
x k
x k
k
x k
x k
36
A2006

( )
6 6
2 cos x sin x sin x cos x
0
2 2sin x
+
(1) iu kin :
2
sin
2
x
(1) ( )
6 6
2 sin cos sin cos 0 x x x +
2
2
3sin 2 1
2 1 sin 2 0
4 2
sin 2 1
3sin 2 sin 2 4 0
4
sin 2
3
x
x
x
x x
x
_

,

sin 2 1 2 2 ;
2 4
x x k x k k

+ +
v :
2
sin
2
x
2
4
3
2
4
x k
x k
Nghim ca (1)
5
2 ;
4
x k k
+
37
B2006

x
cot x sin x 1 tan x tan 4
2
_
+ +

,
(1)
iu kin :
sin 2 0
cos 0
2
x
x

'
Ta c :
1
1 tan . tan
2 cos
x
x
x
+
12
5
12
x k
k
x k

50
Phng trnh lng gic
(1)
cos sin 1
4 4
sin cos sin cos
x x
x x x x
+
2 2
1
6
2sin 2 1 sin 2 sin
5 2 6
2 2
6
x k
x x
x k
38
D2006
cos3x cos 2x cos x 1 0 +
( )
( )
2
2
cos3 cos cos 2 1 0
2sin 2 sin 2sin 0
2sin sin 2 sin 0 2sin (2sin cos sin ) 0
sin 0
2sin 2cos 1 0
1
cos cos
2 3
x x x
x x x
x x x x x x x
x
x x
x

+
+
+

2
3
x k
k
x k
t +
39
DB 1
A2006

3 3
2 3 2
cos3x cos x sin3xsin x
8
+
(1)
Ta c
( )
( )
3 3
3 3
1
cos3 4cos 3cos cos cos3 3cos
4
1
sin3 3sin 4sin sin 3sin sin3
4
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
+

(1)
( ) ( )
1 2 3 2
cos3 cos3 3cos sin3 3sin sin3
4 8
x x x x x x
+
1 +
]
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2 3 2
cos3 cos3 3cos sin3 3sin sin3
2
3 2
cos 3cos3 cos 3sin3 sin sin 3 1
2
3 2
1 3 cos3 cos sin3 sin 1
2
2
cos 4 sin 4 2 ;
2 4 4
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x
x x k k

+
+
+ + +
+ +
t +
;
16 2
k
x k

t +
40
DB 2
A2006

2sin 2x 4sin x 1 0
6
_
+ +

,
( )
2
2 sin 2 cos cos 2 sin 4sin 1 0
6 6
3sin 2 cos 2 4sin 1 0
2 3sin cos 4sin 2sin 0
2sin 3 cos sin 2 0
sin 0
cos 1
3 cos sin 2 0
6
x x x
x x x
x x x x
x x x
x k
x
x
x x

1
+ +
1
]
+ +
+ +
+ +

+ +

,
7
2
6
x k
k
x k
41
DB 1
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2sin x 1 tan 2x 3 2cos x 1 0 +
(1)
;
6 2
k
x k

t +
51
Phng trnh lng gic
B2006 iu kin : cos 2 0 x
(1)
( )
2
2 2
cos 2 . tan 2 3cos 2 0
cos 2 tan 2 3 0 tan 2 3
tan 2 tan
tan 2 3
3
tan 2 3
tan 2 tan
3
x x x
x x x
x
x
x
x
,
42
DB 2
B2006
( ) ( ) cos 2x 1 2cos x sin x cos x 0 + +
( )
2 2
(cos sin ) (1 2cos )(sin cos ) 0
(cos sin ) cos sin 2cos 1 0
cos 0
cos sin 0 4
sin cos 1 1
sin sin
4 4 2
x x x x x
x x x x x
x
x x
x x
x

+ +
+
_
+

,

_

,
4 2 4
2 2
4 4 2
3 2
2
4 4
x k x k
x k x k k
x k
x k

+ + +

+ +

+

+

4
2
2
2
x k
x k
x k
; k
43
DB 1
D2006

3 3 2
cos x sin x 2sin x 1 + +
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) [ ]
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
sin cos 1 sin cos cos 2
sin cos 1 sin cos cos sin
sin cos sin cos sin cos 1 0
sin cos 1 sin cos (1 sin ) 0
sin cos 1 sin 1 cos 0
sin 0
4
sin cos 0
sin 1
2
cos 1
x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x
x
x x
x x
x
+
+
+ +
1 + + +
]
+ +
_
+

,
+
2
2
k
x k
4
2 ;
2
2
x k
x k k
x k
44
DB 2
D2006

3 2
4sin x 4sin x 3sin 2x 6cos x 0 + + +
2
2
2
2
3
x k
k
x k
t +

52
Phng trnh lng gic
2
2
2
2
4sin (sin 1) 6cos (sin 1) 0
(sin 1)(4sin 6cos ) 0
(sin 1) 4(1 cos ) 6cos 0
sin 1
sin 1
cos 2
2cos 3cos 2 0
1
cos
2
x x x x
x x x
x x x
x
x
x
x x
x
+ + +
+ +
1 + +
]
45
A2007
( ) ( )
2 2
1 sin x cos x 1 cos x sin x 1 sin 2x + + + +
( )
2 2 2
2
cos sin cos sin cos sin (sin cos )
(sin cos ) sin cos (sin cos ) (sin cos ) 0
(sin cos ) 1 sin cos sin cos 0
sin cos 0
(sin cos )(1 sin )(1 cos ) 0 1 sin 0
1 cos 0
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x
x x x x x
x
+ + + +
+ + + +
+ +
+
4
2 ;
2
2
x k
x k k
x k
46
B2007

2
2sin 2x sin 7x 1 sin x +
( )
2
sin7 sin 2sin 2 1 0
2cos 4 .sin3 cos 4 0
cos 4 0
cos 4 2sin3 1 0
1
sin3 sin
2 6
x x x
x x x
x
x x
x

+

8 4
2
;
18 3
5 2
18 3
k
x
k
x k
k
x

47
D2007

2
x x
sin cos 3 cos x 2
2 2
_
+ +

,
1 sin 3 cos 2
sin 3 cos 1
2
1
3 6
sin sin
5 3 2 6
2
3 6
x x
x x
x k
x
x k

+ +
+
+ +
_
+

,

+ +
2
2
2
6
x k
k
x k
48
DB 1
A2007

1 1
sin 2 sin 2cot 2
2sin sin 2
x x x
x x
+ (1) iu kin : sin 2 0 x
(1)
2
sin 2 sin 2 sin cos 1 2cos 2 x x x x x +
2 2
2
2
2
sin 2 1 cos (2sin 1) 2cos 2
cos 2 cos 2 .cos 2cos 2 0
cos 2 (cos 2 cos 2) 0
cos 2 0
cos 2 (2cos cos 1) 0
2cos cos 1 0 ( )
x x x x
x x x x
x x x
x
x x x
x x VN
+
+
+ +

+ +

+ +
;
4 2
k
x k

+
53
Phng trnh lng gic
49
DB 2
A2007
2
2
2cos 2 3sin cos 1 3(sin 3 cos )
2cos 1 3sin 2 2 3(sin 3 cos )
cos 2 3sin 2 2 3(sin 3 cos )
1 3 1 3
2 2 cos 2 sin 2 6 sin cos
2 2 2 2
2 2cos 2 6cos
3 6
1 cos 2 3cos
6
x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x
x x

+ + +
+ + +
+ + +
_ _
+ + +

, ,
_ _
+

, ,
_
+

,
2
6
2cos 3cos 0
6 6
cos 0
6
cos 2cos 3 0
6 6 3
cos
6 2
x x
x
x x
x

,
_ _

, ,
_

1 , _ _
, , _ ]

,
2
;
3
x k k
+
50
DB 1
B2007

5 3
sin cos 2 cos
2 4 2 4 2
x x x _ _

, ,
5 3
sin sin 2 cos
2 4 2 4 2 2
x x x 1 _ _
+
1
, , ]
3 3
2cos sin 2 cos
4 2 2 2
3 3
2cos cos 2 cos
4 2 2
3
cos 0
2 3
cos 2 2cos 0
2 2 4
cos
4 2
x x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x

_ _
+

, ,
_
+

,
1 _
+ +
1
_ , ]
+

,
2
3 3
2 ;
2
2
k
x
x k k
x k

51
DB 2
B2007

sin 2 cos 2
tan cot
cos sin
x x
x x
x x
+ (1) iu kin : sin 2 0 x
(1)
cos 2 .cos sin 2 .sin sin cos
sin cos cos sin
x x x x x x
x x x x
+

2 2
2
cos sin cos
sin cos sin cos
cos cos 2 0
cos 1 ( )
2cos cos 1 0
1
cos
2
x x x
x x x x
x x
x L
x x
x
2 ;
3
x k k
t +
54
Phng trnh lng gic
52
DB1
D2007

2 2 sin cos 1
12
x x
_

,
2 sin 2 sin 1
12 12
1
sin 2 sin
12 12 2
sin sin sin 2sin cos
12 4 12 6 12
5 5
sin cos cos sin
12 12 2 12 12
x
x
x
x

1 _

1
, ]
_

,
_
+

,
_ _

, ,
5
2 2
12 12
7
2 2
12 12
x k
x k

4
3
x k
k
x k
53
DB1
D2007

(1 tan )(1 sin 2 ) 1 tan x x x + +
(1) iu kin : cos 0 x
(1)
2
cos sin sin cos
.(sin cos )
cos cos
x x x x
x x
x x
+
+
( )
2
2 2
(cos sin )(sin cos ) cos sin
(cos sin ) (cos sin )(cos sin ) 1 0
(cos sin )(cos sin 1) 0
cos sin 0
(cos sin )(cos 2 1) 0
cos 2 1
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x
x x
x x x
x
+ +
+ +
+
+
+

cos 0
4 4 2
2
cos 2 1
x x k
x k
x

_
+

,
4
x k
k
x k
54
A2008

1 1 7
4sin x
3 sin x 4
sin x
2
_
+

_ ,

,
(1)
iu kin : sin 0 x v
3
sin 0
2
x
_

,
(1)
1 1
2 2(sin cos )
sin cos
x x
x x
+ +
Ch :
3
sin cos
2
x x
_

,
( )
7 1
sin sin sin cos
4 4 2
x x x x
_ _
+ +

, ,
(1)
1 1
2 2(sin cos )
sin cos
x x
x x
+ +
4
;
8
5
8
x k
x k k
x k

55
Phng trnh lng gic
( )
sin cos
2 2(sin cos )
sin cos
1
(sin cos ) 2 2 0
sin cos
sin cos 0
1 2 sin 2
2 sin cos 0
2
sin 2 sin 2 sin
2 4
x x
x x
x x
x x
x x
x x
x
x x
x x

+
+
_
+ +

,
+
_
+

+

_

,

,

55
B2008

3 3 2 2
sin x 3 cos x sin xcos x 3sin xcos x
2 2 2 2
sin (cos sin ) 3 cos (cos sin ) 0
cos 2 (sin 3 cos ) 0
cos 2 0
cos 2 0
sin 0
sin 3 cos 0
3
x x x x x x
x x x
x
x
x
x x

+
+

+
+

,
4 2
3
k
x
k
x k

56
D2008

( ) 2sin x 1 cos 2x sin 2x 1 2cos x + + +
2
4sin cos sin 2 1 2cos
sin 2 (2cos 1) (1 2cos ) 0
(2cos 1)(sin 2 1) 0
1
2cos 1 cos
2
sin 2 1
sin 2 1
x x x x
x x x
x x
x x
x
x
+ +
+ +
+
2
2
3
4
x k
k
x k
t +
57
C
2008

sin3x 3cos3x 2sin 2x
1 3
sin3 cos3 sin 2
2 2
3 2 2
3
sin 3 sin 2
3
3 2 2
3
x x x
x x k
x x k
x x k
_

,

+
2
3
4 2
15 5
x k
k
k
x
58
DB 1
A2008

2
tan cot 4cos 2 x x x + (1) iu kin : sin 2 0 x
(1)
2
cos sin
4cos 2 0
sin cos
x x
x
x x
+
2
cos 2 2cos 2 sin 2 0
cos 2 sin 4 .cos 2 0
2
cos 2 0
2
cos 2 (1 sin 4 ) 0
sin 4 1
4 2
4
x x x
x x x
x k
x
x x
x
x k
+
+
4 2
8 2
k
x
k
k
x


56
Phng trnh lng gic
59
DB 2
A2008

2
sin 2 sin
4 4 2
x x
_ _
+

, ,
( ) ( )
2
1 1
sin 2 cos 2 sin cos 1
2 2
sin 2 sin (1 cos 2 ) cos 0
sin (2cos 1) 2cos cos 0
sin (2cos 1) cos (2cos 1) 0
(2cos 1)(sin cos ) 0
1
cos
2cos 1 0
2
sin cos 0
sin 0
4
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x
x
x
x x
x

+
+ +
+

,
2
3
4
x k
k
x k
t +
60
DB 1
B2008

1
2sin sin 2
3 6 2
x x
_ _
+

, ,
( ) ( )
2
3 1 1
sin 3 cos sin 2 cos 2
2 2 2
1 2sin 1
sin 3 cos 3sin cos
2 2
3 cos 1 sin sin 1 sin 0
(1 sin )( 3 cos sin ) 0
2
sin 1
2
3 cos sin 0
sin 0
3
x x x x
x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x
x k
x
x x
x
_
+

,
+ +
+
+
_
+
,
3
2
2
x k
k
x k
61
DB 2
B2008

2
3sin cos 2 sin 2 4sin cos
2
x
x x x x + +
2
1 cos
3sin cos 2 sin 2 4sin
2
3sin cos 2 sin 2 2sin sin 2
cos 2 sin 0 2sin sin 1 0
sin 1
1
sin sin
2 6
x
x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x
x
x

+ _
+ +

,
+ + +
+

,
2
2
2 ;
6
7
2
6
x k
x k k
x k
62
DB 1
D2008
( )
4 4
4 sin cos cos 4 sin 2 0 x x x x + + +
;
4
x k k
+
57
Phng trnh lng gic
2
2
2
sin 2
4 1 1 2sin 2 sin 2 0
2
sin 2 1
4sin 2 sin 2 5 0
5
sin 2 ( )
4
x
x x
x
x x
x L
_
+ +

,

63
DB 2
D2008

2
2
tan tan 2
sin
tan 1 2 4
x x
x
x
+ _
+

+
,
(1) iu kin : cos 0 x
(1)
( )
2
2
tan tan 1
sin cos
tan 1 2
x x
x x
x
+
+
+
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2
2
2cos tan tan sin cos
sin sin cos
2cos sin cos
cos
2sin sin cos sin cos 0
sin cos 2sin 1 0
sin 0
sin cos 0
4
2sin 1
1
sin cos
2 6
x x x x x
x x x
x x x
x
x x x x x
x x x
x
x x
x
x
+ +
_ +
+

,
+ +
+
_
+

+
,

4
2 ;
6
5
2
6
x k
x k k
x k
64
A2009

(1 2sin x) cos x
3
(1 2sin x)(1 sinx)
+
(1) iu kin :
sin 1
1
sin
2
x
x

'

(1) ( ) 1 2sin cos 3(1 sin 2 )(1 sin ) x x x x +

( )
( )
2
cos sin 2 3 1 sin 2sin
cos sin 2 3 cos 2 sin
cos 3sin sin 2 3 cos 2
1 3 1 3
cos sin sin 2 cos 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
6 3
cos cos 2
3 6
2 2
6 3
2
2
2
18 3
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x k
x x
x x k
x k
k
k
x

+
+
+
+
+ +
_ _
+

, ,

+
2
18 3
k
x

+ ;
k
58
Phng trnh lng gic
65
B2009
( )
3
sin x cos xsin 2x 3 cos3x 2 cos 4x sin x + + +
( )
2
sin 1 2sin cos sin 2 3 cos 3 2cos 4
sin cos 2 cos sin 2 3 cos3 2cos 4
sin3 3 cos3 2cos 4
1 3
sin3 cos3 cos 4
2 2
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x
x x x
+ +
+ +
+
+

4 3 2
6
cos 3 cos 4
6
4 3 2
6
x x k
x x
x x k
_

,

+ +
2
6
2
42 7
x k
k
k
x
66
D2009
3 cos5x 2sin3x cos 2x sin x 0
( ) 3 cos5 sin5 sin sin 0
3 1
3 cos5 sin5 2sin cos5 sin5 sin
2 2
5 2 6 2
3 3
sin 5 sin
2 2 3
5 2 4 2
3 3
x x x x
x x x x x x
x x k x k
x x
x x k x k

+

+ +

_

,

+ + +

6 2
18 3
k
x
k
k
x

67
C
2009

2
(1 2sin x) cos x 1 sin x cos x + + +
( ) ( )
2
2
(1 4sin 4sin ) cos 1 sin cos
cos 2sin 2 4sin cos 1 sin cos 0
1
sin 2 sin
2sin 2 1 sin 2sin 2 1 0 2 6
sin 1
x x x x x
x x x x x x
x
x x x
x
+ + + +
+ +
2
2
;
12
5
12
x k
x k k
x k

59

Cong Thuc Luong Giac Ren Luyen Ki Nang Ket Hopnghiem Va DK Trong Phuong Trinh Luong Giac Co DK Dethi Dai Hoc Co Dap An

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Cong Thuc Luong Giac Ren Luyen Ki Nang Ket Hopnghiem Va DK Trong Phuong Trinh Luong Giac Co DK Dethi Dai Hoc Co Dap An

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Phng trnh lng gic

4.Phng trnh cotx=a.

III.CC PHNG TRNH LNG GIC THNG GP.

phng trnh tr thnh:

sinx ( 2 cosx sinx ) = 0

Bi 3.Gii cc phng trnh:

sinx ( 2 cosx sinx ) = 0

b/ sin cos , 2 2 t x x t (0,25)

Bi 6. 9sin 6cos 3sin2 cos 2 8 x x x x + +

Bi 9. sin2 cos 2 3sin cos 2 x x x x +

Vy,phng trnh c nghim:

Bi 15. tan 3cot 4(sin 3cos ) x x x x + (*) iu kin: sin2 0

sin 3cos 0 tan 3

Vy,phng trnh c nghim l:

Bi 19.Cho phng trnh:

Bi 20. Cho phng trnh:

phng trnh tr thnh:

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

Bi 9. cos(2 ) cos(2 ) 4sin 2 2(1 sin )

Vy,phng trnh c nghim:

Vy,phng trnh c nghim: 2 x k ,

Vy,phng trnh c nghim:

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

V d 2: ( thi tuyn sinh H C 2006, khi B)

Vy phng trnh c nghim l

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

i chiu iu kin ta c ( ) sin 2 0

Li gii: iu kin sin 2 0 x >

i chiu iu kin ta c ( ) sin 2 1 2 .2 .

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

V d 3: Gii phng trnh ( )

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

phng trnh tng ng vi

+ c biu din trn TLG bi n im cch u nhau, to thnh n nh mt a gic

Khi phngtrnh cho tr thnh

Khi phng trnh cho tr thnh

Kt hp vi iu kin trn ng trn lng gic

Kt hp vi iu kin trn ng trn lng gic ta c

Phng trnh lng gic

Bai 17: [D b 1 H D03]

Bai 37: [H B06]

S nghim ca (2) l s giao im ca d v (P)

Phng trnh lng gic

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

(1) ( ) 1 2sin cos 3(1 sin 2 )(1 sin ) x x x x +

Nguyn trung tin trng thpt kin an

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