Answer guide for O Level Physics (5054/2) – Paper 2 Theory June 2001

1(a) Use of a fiducial mark or subtraction of length of spring from

original length 1
(b) 0.6-0.67 (kg)
10 x mass (N) 2
(c) graph lower or smaller extensions (for the same mass)
or more mass needed for the same extension weight or pull of
gravity or the force on spring less for the same mass 2

2(a) slowing down / decelerating / braking / retarding

comes to rest or reaches 0m/s or has uniform deceleration
(not deceleration at constant speed ) 2
(b) AB and EF 1
(c) distance = speed x time or area under graph
attempts such as
1/2 x 60 x7, 210, 190 x 7, 1330, 1/2 x (190+250) x 7
1540m 3

3(a) X down on top of drum and weight /W down along midline +2mm 1
(b)(i) P = F/A 1
(ii) 100000 x 0.3 or F = P.A
30000N 2
(iii) 8000 or 10000x0.8
total pressure = 100000 + 8000 = 108000 Pa 2

4(a) temperature involving change of liquid to gas or vapour

at constant temperature or when liquid boils / bubbles form
(or temperature when s.v.p. =atmospheric pressure) 2
(b)(i) 18/22 x 100 or proportionality shown
81.8 or 82 oC only 2
(ii) rapid/ quick acting / remote sensing / wider range / higher temps /
small size 1

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Answer guide for O Level Physics (5054/2) – Paper 2 Theory June 2001

5(a)(i) good conductor of electricity or has low resistance 1

(ii) easily or strongly magnetised /demagnetised or concentrates flux or
becomes an electromagnet 1
(iii) current
in primary coil or from a.c. supply 2
(b) sine wave with same period ( +3mm at any point) and larger
amplitude
amplitude 6V (+ 2mm on grid, or calculation shown) 2

6(a) current alters (increases or decreases)

current increases as resistance decreases or vice versa
(or resistance inversely proportional to current) 2
(b)(i) capacitor / capacitance 1
(ii) capacitor or A is being charged or receiving energy 1
(iii) capacitor or A is releasing charge or energy / discharging / there is a
p.d. across C 1

7(a) (smoke) particles or their movements are small 1

(b) light reflects / scatters (off smoke particles) 1
(c) random direction shown on track with > 3 segments (not if all
deviations at wall) 1
(d)(i) smoke particles are hit
by air molecules/particles 2
(ii) there are many air molecules or air molecules move at random or at
high speed 1

8(a) GM tube / GM counter/ (photographic) film/ ionisation chamber /

cloud chamber /solid state detector / spark counter 1
(b)(i) B 1
either B halves in 1 hour or half life is 1 hour
A and C have half lives of 2 and 3 hours or halve in more than 1
hour
or in 1 hour less than halve
or (in any time) B falls by greater ratio/factor
ratio/factor compared numerically with A and C in same time 2
(ii) A 20
B 25 2

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Answer guide for O Level Physics (5054/2) – Paper 2 Theory June 2001

9(a)(i) K.E. of wind/air input

electrical energy is output or appears at end of correct chain (not
electricity) 2
(ii) 1 air/wind entering or blades have more kinetic energy (arriving/sec)
2 more energy collected or more air enters / passes through / hits
blades
3 less energy is wasted or more useful energy produced or more
energy passes to generator or less friction 3
(iii) solar / hydroelectric / nuclear / geothermal / tidal etc. stated or
described 1
(b)(i) D = M/V
1.2 x 540000
648000kg 3
(ii) K.E. = ∫ mv2
∫ x648000x62
11664000 J 3
(iii) P = E/t
11664000 /60
194400 W 3

10(a) in parallel independent action or in series both on/off together

explanation in terms of break of circuit or own switch in parallel
in parallel brightness/voltage/current larger or correct or working
values
in parallel lamps have 12V or in series lamps have 6V or share
voltage
or resistance in series higher 4
(b)(i) 1 R =V/I
2.0 A used
6Ω
2 P =VI
24W
Resistance varies or Voltage and current are not proportional
Calculation to show this or graph not a straight line or temperature
rises 4
(c) conduction through material eg glass, wire, cap or from glass to air
convection within gas inside bulb or in air outside bulb
radiation by rays /waves /light /infra-red from any part any one
detailed point about a mechanism,
e.g. atoms pass on vibrations/ density changes in convection/ hot air
rises
or convection currents form / electromagnetic waves emitted 4

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Answer guide for O Level Physics (5054/2) – Paper 2 Theory June 2001

11(a)(i) molecules of air/jar vibrate or move backwards and forwards

along line of motion / longitudinal motion / compressions &
rarefactions 2
(ii) sound decreases in loudness or cannot be heard
sound needs a medium / sound does not travel in a vacuum 2
(b)(i) sound travels faster in earth/solid/ground
shortest distance 2
(ii) d = speed x time
320 x 0.1
32 m 3
(iii) 32 / 0.02
1600 m/s 2
(iv) 1 all light or sound is reflected back into earth or slow medium
no ray refracts or escapes
i > critical angle and ray moves from more to less dense or slow to
fast medium 2
2 ray 4 refracts /bends away from normal (proves sound faster)
or ray 5 undergoes or all ray 5 is reflected
total internal reflection occurs from slow to fast medium 2

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